ningxia irrigated agriculture and water conservation ... · teiar – tabular environmental impact...

Environmental Monitoring Report

This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Director, Management or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Project Number: 44035-014 January 2019

PRC: Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project – Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period as of December 2018)

Prepared by the Project Management Office of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region for the Asian Development Bank.


Project Number: 44035 January 2019

PRC: Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project

Prepared by Ningxia Project Management Office

This report has been submitted to ADB by the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Government Project Management Office and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s Access to Information Policy (AIP, effective since on 1 January 2019). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB.

P a g e | ii

Project Loan Number: 2973-PRC

ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water

Conservation Demonstration Project


(For Period as of 31 December 2018)

Submitted to ADB

Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation

Demonstration Project PMO

January 2019

P a g e | iii

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

(as of 31 Dec 2018, source from website of the Bank of China)

Currency unit – yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = $0.1453

$1.00 = CNY 6.8785

ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank AQG – Air Quality Guideline BOD5 – 5-Day Biochemical Oxygen Demand CNY – Chinese yuan CO – Carbon Monoxide COD – Chemical Oxygen Demand CPS – Country Partnership Strategy EA – Executing Agency EHS – Environment, Health and Safety EIRR – economic internal rate of return EIRF – environmental impact registration form EIS – environmental impact statement EMC – environmental management consultant EMP – environmental management plan EMS – environmental monitoring station EPB – environmental protection bureau GDP – gross domestic product IA – implementing agency IEE – initial environmental examination IEM – independent environmental monitor MEP – Ministry of Environmental Protection NARC – Ningxia Agricultural Reclamation Group Company,

Ltd NFD – Ningxia Finance Department PIO – project implementing office PMO – project management office PRC – People‘s Republic of China RP – resettlement plan SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement TDS – total dissolved solid TEIAR – tabular environmental impact assessment report WUA – water users association.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES dB(A) – decibel (“A” weighting filter) ha – hectare kg/d – kilogram per day km – kilometer km2 – square kilometer kPa – kilopascal m – meter m2 – square meter m3 – cubic meter m3/d – cubic meter per day m3/s – cubic meter per second mg/m3 – milligram per cubic meter ML – megaliter

P a g e | iv

mm – millimeter mu = Chinese unit of land area equal to 1/15 ha or 667 m2

NOTE

In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. This addendum to the initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

http://www.adb.org/terms-use

ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period as of 31 December 2018)

P a g e | v

Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1 2 Institutional Setup and Responsibilities for EMP Implementation and Supervision, Institutional Strengthening and Training ............................................. 7 2.1 Responsibilities and Authorities for Implementation 7 2.2 Institutional Strengthening and Training 14 3 Environmental Mitigations and Compensation Measures Implemented in the Reporting Period ......................................................................................................... 21 3.1 Environmental Clauses in Civil Works Contracts 21 3.2 Environmental Mitigations and Compensation Measures Implemented in the reporting period 21 4 Summary of Environmental Monitoring ........................................................... 43 4.1 Monitoring plan 43 4.2 Monitoring Results 48 4.3 Cost Estimates for Environmental Management 50 4.4 Performance Indicators: 51 4.5 Public Consultation 53 4.6 Grievance Redress Mechanism 55 4.7 Reporting and Supervision 57

5 Conclusion s and Recommendations ....................................................................... 63 Key issues 63 Suggestions 63

Appendices Appendix 1 Satellite maps and photos ............................................................................... 64 Appendix 2 Reference:Vegetation status in Ningxia(related to the Project Area) .............. 79 Appendix 3 Reference:Soil status in rural Ningxia (related to the Project Area) ............... 82 Appendix 4 Reference:Climate in Ningxia (related to the Project Area) ........................... 83 Appendix 5 Reference:Environment Quality in in Ningxia (related to the Project Area) ... 85

Figure Project Layout


P a g e | vi


P a g e | 1 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2019

1 Introduction General Introduction 1. Monitoring and reporting were required and defined in the Project Agreement, PAM

and EMP. So far, only one environmental monitoring report (EMR) covering January-June 2014 was submitted and disclosed on the ADB project website in January 2015. However, the EMRs thereafter were missing. This is the second semi-annual environmental monitoring report for the Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project (the Project or this Project) for the period as of 31 December 2018. It is prepared by the PMO with the assistance of the independent loan implementation environmental consultant (LIEC). The LIEC has been providing project implementation consulting services to the PMO. The PMO resumes the reporting and submits this safeguard report at end of January 2019. Future EMRs will be submitted to ADB semiannually until project completion.

2. This report describes the activities undertaken in the period as of 31 December 2018

with respect to the implementation of the environmental management plan (EMP) of the Project components. This report mainly contains the following activities and topics: (i) the environmental institutional strengthening and capacity building; (ii) mitigation measures undertaken to minimize adverse environmental impacts arising from the construction of the Project facilities; (iii) EMP implementation monitoring activities conducted and monitoring results analysis; (iv) public consultation activities; and (v) conclusions and suggestions.

Description of the Project 3. ADB approved a loan of $70.0 million for Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water

Conservation Demonstration Project on 14 December 2012. The loan was signed on 7 May 2013 and became effective on 27 June 2013. The project improve the value of horticultural crops by planting high-value and high-quality varieties, constructing water conservation infrastructure, promoting sustainable farming practices, and developing institutional capacity.

4. The project’s impact will be improved sustainability of agricultural production in Ningxia. The outcome will be increased quality and value of horticultural crops in Ningxia. The project have four outputs: (i) improved irrigation systems, (ii) improved agriculture farms, (iii) increased grape processing capacity, and (iv) strengthened institutional and farmer capacity. Originally, the project is being implemented over a five-year period with the physical completion of the project by 30 June 2018 (original completion date at appraisal). ADB approved a scope change in December 2017 as per the government request. With the scope change, the loan closing date is extended from 31 December 2018 to 30 June 2020.

5. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Government is the executing agency acting through

Ningxia Finance Department (NFD). The project implementing offices (PIOs) include Ningxia Agriculture Reclamation Group Cooperation (NARG) Limited, Tongxin County Government (TCG), Hongsipu District Government, and Yinchuan Municipality Government (YMG). A project management office (PMO) hosted by Yinchuan Finance Bureau coordinates day-to-day administrative matters on behalf of NFD.



6. The project is classified as Category B for environment by ADB, which is expected to

provide environmental benefits including improved irrigation water use efficiency, reduced farmland soil erosion, reduced use of fertilizers and pesticides, reduced sediment runoff to surface water, and adoption of sustainable agricultural techniques. Key environment related documents including: (i) consolidated initial environmental examination (CIEE) which was circulated to ADB in September 2012; (ii) EMP as elaborated in the CIEE; and (iii) project administration manual (PAM). There are engineering solutions and best practice methods that have been specified in the environmental management plan (EMP) to ensure that the potential adverse environmental impacts/risks are avoided where possible and/or minimized. In line with the EMP requirements, environmental specification clauses have been prepared in the civil work contracts.

7. Due diligence of scope changes. In December 2016, the PMO proposed to add three new subprojects (Binggou, Wuhudun, and Ma’anshan subprojects in Yinchuan Municipality) replacing some existing subprojects completed by government funds or without progress yet. For the existing Hongsipu subproject, a total length of 19.7km access road with asphalt pavement is proposed to newly add. For Tongxin subproject, 666.7 ha of Chinese dates orchards are proposed to be replaced by 666.7 ha of yellowhorn orchards, at same location within same scope as the original CIEE dated September 2012. An environmental addendum was prepared on basis of the domestic EIA prepared for the three new subprojects in Yinchuan Municipality in September 2017. Correspondingly, the EMP was updated in according with the environmental addendum. With these changes, Yinchuan Municipality Government (YMG) is included as a PIO while Yanchi County Government is not involved in the project anymore.

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS 8. The project has made substantial progress since the scope change in December

2017. The overall project progress is about 45% against 70% of time elapsed. Implementation progress of each output is as follows:

(i) Output 1: Improved irrigation system has been installed for 4 vineyard farms

and 1 Chinese date orchard with a total area of 1466.2 hectare (ha), or 58.2% of the planned area. This includes 469.5 ha for NARG, 330 ha for Hongsipu and 666.7 ha of Chinese date orchards in Tongxin. The field works of irrigation structures in Binggou modern agriculture demonstration started in late September 2018 and are planned to complete in June 2019. The field works in Ma’anshan, Wuhudun, and Tongxin are planned to start in March 2019 and to complete in general in July 2019.

(ii) Output 2: Improved vineyards and Chinese date orchards. One of NARG’s six

planned vineyards was established with a total area of 180 ha, or 14.3% of the target area. Vineyards at two farms were rehabilitated with a total area of 289.5, or 21.6% of the planned area. Establishment of new vineyards in Hongsipu and Chinese date orchards in Tongxin has been completed. Yellowhorn plantation in Tongxin planned to start in September 2019 and to complete in November 2019. Shelterbelts establishment in Wuhudun and Ma’anshan are planned to start in March 2019 and to complete in June 2019.



(iii) Output 3: Increased Grape Processing Capacity. The component supports NARG’s grape processing and has been completed in 2015.

(iv) Output 4: Strengthened institutional and farmer capacity. Training for grape

growers and vineyard managers are conducted regularly, including water saving irrigation fertilizer application, and pesticide management. Monitoring and quality control systems were developed under the previous ADB project and have been applied in vineyard management. Farmers associations and water user associations have been well established and play active role in irrigation management and grape growing. Consultants were fielded in October 2016.



Table 1- 1 Implementation Progress and Proposed Changes (as of 31 Dec 2018) No. Indicators Unit of

Measurement Baseline

Value (2011) Progress/ Status Next action plan

1. improved irrigation systems

1a Water-efficient drip and hose irrigation installed in all project vineyards and orchards

N

Improved irrigation system has been installed for 4 vineyard farms and 1 Chinese date orchard with a total area of 1466.2 hectare (ha), or 58.2% of the planned area (2,523ha), including 469.5 ha for NARG, 333.3 ha for Hongsipu, and 666.7 ha of Chinese date orchards in Tongxin1

The field works of irrigation structures in Binggou modern agriculture demonstration started in late September 2018 and are planned to complete in June 2019. The field works in Ma’anshan, Wuhudun, and Tongxin are planned to start in March 2019 and to complete in general in July 2019.

1b Total irrigated area increased by 2,526 ha2 ha 0

1c Annual irrigation water savings of about 3 million m3 from 18.6 million m3 in 2010

m3 1860

Annual water savings of approximately 5.3 million m3 of irrigation water currently being applied flood irrigation and high water demand crops (for details, please see Chapter 4.2)

2. improved vineyards and Chinese date orchards3

2a 180 ha of new vineyards developed under NARG ha 0

One of NARG’s six planned vineyards was established with a total area of 180 ha, or 14.3% of the originally target area (1,256.7ha)4.

Not applicable

2b 800 ha of existing vineyards rehabilitated under NARG ha 0

Vineyards at two farms were rehabilitated with a total area of 289.5ha, or 21.6% of the originally planned area (1,343.3ha) 5.

Not applicable

1 For details, please see the below 2a to 2d. 2 Considering the completed 1466.2ha and newly added three components at mid-term review (For details, please see the below 2e to 2g) 3 NARG decided to cancel uncompleted establishment and rehabilitation of vineyards. NARG’s total plantation area of vineyards is about 9,000 ha and has exceeded its wine making and storing capacity while the sales have not developed proportionally. Moreover, due to the fast growing domestic wineries as well as increasing volume of imported wines, NARG has faced great marketing difficulties and thus will have to limit its making and storing capacity to deal with the changing market. With the support of ADB Loan 2436 Ningxia Integrated Ecosystem and Agriculture Development Project, NARG established 2,400 ha of vineyards fully installed with water-saving irrigation systems. NARG’s total wine making and storing capacity is 45,000 ton per year, of which 10,000 ton was added by the Loan 2436 and 15,000 ton was added by the ongoing ADB project. The current making and storing capacity can support only 6,000 ha of vineyards (the average yield is about 12 ton/ha). 4 (1)Huangyangtan farm (296.7 ha): Canceled. (2)Nuanquan farm (133.3 ha): Canceled. (3)Yuquanying farm (340.0 ha): Canceled. (4)Lianhu Part farm (240.0 ha): Canceled. (5)Qukou farm (180 ha). Completed in 2014. (6)Yuquanying Grape Nursery (66.7 ha). Canceled 5 (1) Huangyangtan farm (543.3 ha): Canceled. (2)Yuquanying farm (666.7 ha): 133 ha completed in 2014. (3)Lianhu Part farm (133.3 ha):156.5 ha completed in 2014.



No. Indicators Unit of Measurement

Baseline Value (2011)

Progress/ Status Next action plan

2c About 333.3 ha of new vineyards developed in Hongsipu district ha 0

the planned 333.3 ha of vineyards establishment had been completed in 2014 including water-saving irrigation systems.

Loan savings about $1.9 million will be used to upgrade agricultural roads about 19.7 kilometers (km) within the original vineyards established under the project. (newly proposed at mid-term review, and approved in 2017)

2d About 666.7 ha of Chinese dates planted in Tongxin ha 0

The planned Chinese dates orchards (666.7 ha) had been completed using government funds in 2013

2e About 481 ha of yellow-horn planted in Tongxin County ha 0

(newly proposed at mid-term review, and approved in 2017)

The field works in Tongxin are planned to start in March 2019 and to complete in general in July 2019. Yellowhorn plantation in Tongxin planned to start in September 2019 and to complete in November 2019.

2f6 About 468 ha of a water saving and conservation demonstration farm developed at Bingou

ha 0


The field works of Binggou modern agriculture demonstration started in late September 2018 and are planned to complete in June 2019.

2g About 111 ha of a comprehensive modern agriculture farm development at Ma’anshan

ha 0


The field works in Ma’anshan are planned to start in March 2019 and to complete in general in July 2019.

2h About 257 ha of shelterbelts established ha 0


Binggou: 165ha Wuhudun: 40ha Ma’anshan: 33ha Tongxin: 19ha Shelterbelts establishment is planned to start in March 2019 and to complete in June 2019.

6 The figures of 2e to 2h are sourced from the November 2018 monthly report from the IAs.



No. Indicators Unit of Measurement

Baseline Value (2011)

Progress/ Status Next action plan

2i About 40% of jobs created under the project filled by women Percent 0%

3. increased grape processing capacity

3a About 15,000 tons of grape processing capacity constructed tons 0

The component supports NARG’s grape processing and has been completed in 2015, including 5,000 ton in NARG’s Nuanquan Farm was funded using government funds.

4. strengthened institutional and farmer capacity

4a

About 5,000 farmers trained in water and soil conservation, sustainable horticultural management, and plant disease prevention and pesticide management

number 0

Training for grape growers and vineyard managers are conducted regularly, including water saving irrigation fertilizer application, and pesticide management. Monitoring and quality control systems were developed under the previous ADB project and have been applied in vineyard management. Farmers associations and water user associations have been well established and play active role in irrigation management and grape growing. Consultants were fielded in October 2016 and October 2018 respectively. About 23 staff (including from the PMO and PIOs, of which with 12 female staff) trained in project contract management, procurement, environmental safeguard on 29 October 2018.

4b

About 40 staff from the PMO and PIOs trained in project management, procurement, financial management, and disbursement

number 0

4c

About 300 staff from cooperatives and the WUAs trained in sustainable horticultural management

number 0

4d A marketing and business strategy for the NARG developed and implemented

Y / N N Not applicable in this environmental safeguard monitoring report

4e Wine sales outside Ningxia by NARG increased from 20% in 2010 to 30%

Percent 20% Not applicable in this environmental safeguard monitoring report

4f At least 40% of trainees on horticultural management are women

Percent 0%



2 Institutional Setup and Responsibilities for EMP

Implementation and Supervision, Institutional

Strengthening and Training 9. In order to protect the regional environment of each project area and ensure the

effective control and remission for all kinds of bad effect during project construction, the PMO/PIOs implemented strict and scientific tracking, and normative environmental management and environmental monitoring in the whole process of the project.

2.1 Responsibilities and Authorities for Implementation

10. The Ningxia Finance Department is the executing agency (EA). A leading group

(LG) has been established to help guide the project. The LG is directed by the Vice-chairman of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Government, and includes members from the Ningxia Development and Reform Commission, the Ningxia Water Resources Department, the Ningxia Finance Department, the Ningxia Economic Committee, the Ningxia Forest Bureau, the Ningxia Agriculture and Livestock Department, the Ningxia Environmental Protection Department, the Ningxia Science and Technology Department, the Ningxia Transportation Department, the Ningxia Education Department, the Ningxia Civil Affairs Department, the Ningxia Construction Department, the Ningxia Agriculture Reclamation Group Company, Ltd (NARG), and the Ningxia Poverty Relief Office.

11. The PMO is co-located in the Ningxia Finance Department. Delegated by the EA, and the PMO has overall responsibility for supervising the implementation of mitigation measures and reporting to ADB. The PMO is also responsible for replying to petitions and/or complaints from affected persons, if such petitions and/or complains are appealed to the PMO.

12. The PMO and PIOs have setup basic institutional capacity and staff resources to oversee the EMP implementation, including a Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) system. To meet the government requirements for simplified administration, the functions of project management were transferred from NFD to YMG in May 2017. The new PMO was established under Yinchuan Finance Bureau following the government’s approval in April 2018. From then on, the PMO on behalf of the executing agency takes responsibilities of daily administration. Mr. Qiao Jingxing (+86 -159 0960 3020) was designated as the PMO’s new environmental officer to supervise overall project EMP implementation. An individual environmental consultant was also mobilized in September 2018 to assist PMO to strengthen environmental management in line with ADB requirements, and in November 2018 provided a thematic training on ADB SPS (2009) to PMO and the PIOs with a detailed data list for environmental reporting and a template for internal monitoring.

13. Implementing agencies (IA) include the Yinchuan Municipality Forestry Department, the Tongxin County Finance Department, the Hongsipu District Finance Department, and NARG. The IAs have each established project



implementing offices (PIOs) to coordinate the preparation and implementation of the sub-Projects.

14. The IAs are largely responsible for environmental management and implementation of mitigation measures. The IAs ensure that the EMP is carried out. The IAs also engage design institutes, EIA institutes, and IEMs to help with environmental management at the preparation, design, construction, and operation phases. The IAs are responsible for arranging environmental monitoring reviews and responding to any adverse impacts beyond those foreseen in the EIAs. The IAs also address requests for mitigation measures from county and district EPBs and ADB. If affected persons appeal petitions and/or complaints to an IA, the IA will reply within 30 days, based on consultations with the IEM and other relevant institutes and/or agencies as necessary.

15. Construction contractors are responsible for implementing mitigation measures during construction, while the IAs will be responsible for implementing such measures during the operation.

16. In accordance with the EMP, each IA sets up an environmental management unit (EMU) that generally requires two employees. The EMU is responsible for: (i) implementing the EMP and developing further implementation details; (ii) supervising contractors‘ implementation of mitigation measures during construction; (iii) implementing training programs for contractors; (iv) incorporating environmental management, monitoring, and mitigation measures into construction and operation management plans; (v) developing and implementing internal routine environmental monitoring; (vi) reporting performance of the EMP to the PMO and responsible agencies; and (vii) assisting the IA in replying to petitions and/or complaints appealed from affected persons, if such petitions and/or complaints are appealed to the IA. The EMU is supported and supervised respectively by the IA, EMC, IEM, and county or district EPB.

17. The PMO, IAs, and contractors each nominate dedicated, trained, and qualified

environment specialists to undertake environmental management activities and ensure effective EMP implementation. Project management consultants engaged by the PMO including EMC assist the EA/PMO and IAs in preparing quarterly project progress reports and carrying out training programs.

18. County and district EPBs, delegated by NEPD, conduct regular and random environmental compliance monitoring and inspection during construction and operation. The EMS at the municipal level conducts environmental monitoring and inspection. On the basis of the environmental monitoring and inspection, the EPB will impose fines and order corrective actions, if necessary.



Construction Phase Environmental Management Organization Setup Diagram

Operation Period Environmental Management Organization Setup Diagram Table 2-1: Environmental Responsibility Matrix and Implementation Status(as of 31

Ningxia Leading Group

Ningxia Project Management Office

Design Department City (county) Project Management Office

Local governmental organizations contain all levels environmental protection agencies, and agricultural competent departments

Environmental Protection Staff（Ningxia Project Management Office）

Ningxia Leading Group

Ningxia Project

City (county) Project Management Office



Dec 2018)

Agency Phase Responsibility Implementation status during this reporting period

Design Institutes Preparation Review and select alternatives (technological, design, location, etc.)

Complied with

Design Update the EMPs in cooperation with EIA institutes, and incorporate mitigation measures in engineering detail designs and contracts

Complied with

EIA institutes Preparation Prepare EIAs and EMPs for subprojects, including public consultations

Complied with

NEPB Preparation Review and approve EIAs, including the EMPs

Complied with

Test Operation

Review and approve project completion environmental audit report, and order corrective actions if necessary

Not yet due

PPTA consultant Preparation Prepare IEE including EMP, including public consultations

Complied with

PMO Preparation Coordinate and supervise EIAs, IEE and public consultations

Complied with

Design Review and approve environmental measures

Complied with

Tendering and Contracting

Incorporate EMP clauses in bidding documents and contracts

Being complied with

Construction Advise and supervise implementation of mitigation measures

GRM Deal with petitions and/or complains, if such petitions and/or complains are appealed to the PMO

Being complied with

IAs Preparation Review and endorse IEE, including the EMP, for posting at ADB website

Complied with

Design Review and approve environmental measures

Complied with

Tendering and Contracting


Being complied with

Construction Ensure implementation of mitigation measures, and public consultations; With EMC, conduct internal environmental monitoring and inspection, supervise implementation of the EMP, and conduct public consultations

Test Operation

Conduct project completion environmental audit, including sampling and lab tests, and prepare project completion environmental audit report

Not yet due

Operation Ensure proper operation of subproject facilities according to design standards, and implementation of mitigation measures and public consultations

Not yet due

GRM If petitions and/or complains are submitted to IAs from affected persons, reply to the affected persons within 30 days

Being complied with

Procurement agency Tendering and Contracting


Being complied with

Contractors Construction Implement mitigation measures Being complied with GRM Tries to resolve a concern arose by

affected persons during construction directly with the affected persons



Agency Phase Responsibility Implementation status during this reporting period

County / District EPBs Construction Advise and supervise implementation of mitigation measures

Being complied with

EMC (contracted by PMO)

Construction Conduct internal monitoring and inspection, and public consultations

Being complied with

IEMs Construction Conduct independent monitoring (including public consultations), and prepare periodic monitoring reports to IAs

Being complied with

EMSs (on behalf of county / district EPBs)

Construction Conduct monitoring Being complied with

Operation Conduct regular and unannounced environmental monitoring and inspection

Not yet due

EMC Test Operation

Assist IAs in conducting environmental audit and preparing progress reports to the PMO

Not yet due

Operation Conduct internal environmental monitoring and inspection, supervise implementation of the EMP, and conduct public consultations

Not yet due

IEMs Test Operation

Assist IAs in conducting environmental audit and preparing progress reports to the PMO

Not yet due

Operation Conduct independent monitoring (including public consultations), and prepare periodic monitoring reports to IAs

Not yet due

Project managers GRM Tries to resolve a concern arose by affected persons during construction directly with the affected persons

Being complied with

Township governments, subdistrict offices

GRM If petitions and/or complains are submitted to township governments and/or subdistrict offices from affected persons, reply to the affected persons within 2 weeks

Being complied with

Village committees GRM If petitions and/or complains are submitted to village committees from affected persons, reply to the affected persons within 2 weeks.

Being complied with

EIA = environmental impact assessment, EMC = environmental management consultant, EMP = environmental management plan, EPB = environmental protection bureaus, GRM = grievance redress mechanism, IA = implementing agency, IEE = initial environmental examination, IEM = independent environmental monitor, EMS = environmental monitoring station at city or county level, IA = project implementing agency, PMO = provincial project management office, PPTA = project preparatory technical assistance. Source(s): Domestic EIAs, consultations with PMO, NEPD, county and district EPBs, and IAs.



Table 2-2. Contact Information of EHS staff/GRM focal points at Various Agencies Involved in the Project (as of 31 Dec 2018)

Institution

Name of Company Position

Name of EHS staff

Contact Information (phone number/email)

PMO Ningxia PMO (set up under Yinchuan Finance Bureau)

Director Mr. Zhang Zhi

+86 13895088195

Executive deputy director

Ms. Xie Rong

+86 18909565769

Both EHS officer or GRM focal point

Mr. Qiao Jingxing

+86 15909603020 [email protected]

ADB PRCM Project officer Mr. Niu Zhiming

[email protected]

PRCM Environmental officer

Mr. Li Ning [email protected]

PIOs Yinchuan municipal landscaping maintenance station

Director Mr. Wu Liwei

+86 18295210111


Mr. Ma Chunlong


Hongsipu forestry bureau Director Wang Qingshan

+86 18152339081


Yang Xiaodong


Tongxin financial bureau Director Mr. Ma Congbo

-


Mr. Yang Ning


NARG project management office

Director Gou Jinping Both EHS officer or GRM focal point

Yao Jun +86 0951-3971992

Yuquanying farm Tian Feng +86 0951-8450225 Qukou farm Wang

Shaojun +86 0955-5691245

Lianhu farm An Hongwei

+86 0953-3049030

Tendering agent

China Fareast International Tendering Company

- Mr. Yang Xiaofeng

+86 13995099098

LIEC - Loan implementation environmental consultant (LIEC)

Mr. Nie Mingtao

+86 18086056438

Construction supervision Company(s) (CSCs) for sample contracts in Yinchuan

YC-WN-2018001 Binggou water saving and ecological agricultural demonstration zone bid 1: Pumping station and reservoir engineering

Ning Xia Xinyuan Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.

Contract manager Mr. Yang Yinhe

+86 19995494825


Mr. Zhao Fangyu

+86 13895677205

YC-WN-2018002 Pump station and reservoir engineering (semi-underground) (bid 2)



+86 19995494825


Mr. Zhao Fangyu

+86 13895677205

YC-WN- Ning Xia Contract manager Mr. Yang +86 19995494825

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]



Institution


Name of EHS staff


2018004 Main water transmission pipelines - bid 1

Xinyuan Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.

Yinhe Both EHS officer or GRM focal point

Mr. Zhao Junhong

+86 13993868207

YC-WN-2018005 Main water transmission pipelines - bid 2



+86 19995494825


Mr. Zhao Junhong

+86 13993868207

YC-WN-2018014 Land fertilizing and consolidation



Mr. Li Dongsheng


YC-WN-2018019 Operation road and loop road (bid 1)



+86 19995494825


Mr. Zhao Junhong

+86 13993868207

Contractors for sample contracts in Yinchuan

YC-WN-2018001 Binggou water saving and ecological agricultural demonstration zone bid 1: Pumping station and reservoir engineering

Shaanxi Province Xianyang City Construction and Installation Engineering Corporation

Contract manager Mr. Zhou Kai

+86 18995183207


Mr. Kang Ligang

+86 15809575662

YC-WN-2018002 Pump station and reservoir engineering (semi-underground) (bid 2)

Zhonghong International Construction Engineering Group Co., Ltd.

Contract manager Mr. Tang Ling

+86 18995183207


Mr. Xu Haifu +86 15825322228


Ningxia Shitong Construction Group Co., Ltd.

Contract manager Mr. Ma Chengwu

+86 18295108818


Mr. Li Pengjun

+86 13259511618


Ningxia Shitong Construction Group Co., Ltd.

Contract manager Mr. Ma Chengwu

+86 18295108818


Mr. Li Pengjun

+86 13259511618

YC-WN-2018014

Ningxia Sengong

Contract manager Mr. Zhou Ziwei

+86 13709509212



Institution


Name of EHS staff


Land fertilizing and consolidation YC-WN-2018019 Operation road and loop road (bid 1)

Landscaping Engineering Co., Ltd.


Mr. Hu Zijian


YC-WN-2018019 Operation road and loop road (bid 1)

Yinchuan First Municipal Engineering Co., Ltd.

Contract manager Mr. Ma Lijun +86 13519593215 Both EHS officer or GRM focal point

Mr. Tian Bao

+86 13519574519

2.2 Institutional Strengthening and Training 19. An assessment undertaken during the project preparatory technical assistance

indicates that the PMO has adequate technical and institutional capacities for project implementation. However, the IAs have weak capacity in environmental management and monitoring. For proper implementation of the EMP, it is necessary to strengthen the capacity of the IAs.

20. It is considered that the two-tier implementation arrangement— PMO and IAs provide a reasonable framework for project management and control. The definition of roles, responsibilities and relationships between the PMO, IAs, and other relevant agencies (e.g., NEPD, county and district EPBs) is adequate to ensure the effective implementation of the project.

21. Environmental specialists in the PMO, IAs, and contractors receive training in

environmental management, environmental monitoring and supervision, mitigation planning, emergency response, environmental policymaking, and other environmental management techniques. Funding of this training is included in the project budget and in the operation and maintenance budget in the operation phase.

22. The Farmer Field Schools (FFS) is a key component of the training, and increases capacity in fertilizer and pesticide application approaches and techniques. The following provides a summary of the FFS as described in more detail in ADB, 2012, Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project PPTA, Final Report, Appendix C. The cost estimates for FFS have been provided for in Appendix C and have not been included as part of the EMP cost estimate.

23. The IAs have proposed to apply the FFS training method. Assuming 4,669 farmers are planned to be trained, and one field school class has a maximum of 15 farmers per session, and at least one session (class) lasts one day, for at least 6 sessions per year, then there planned to be almost 1,488 FFS sessions in total per year; or 7,442 sessions of one day during the 5-year project implementation of the grape cultivation program. This would be the absolute minimum. It may well be higher given the fact that many farmers are new to grape cultivation. Very new



technologies and techniques need to be introduced, while already during spring the classes may need to start to plan for the season.

24. The FFS sessions require at least 62 trainers for grape FFS. These trainers should be well trained technicians who also be busy to prepare for the field school days, and visit farmers during the remainder of the month to collect data and advice farmers on the spot with problems they encounter (extension service).

25. The principle for the FFS is that farmers get an allowance for that day to cover his day lost for work and costs of transport, while there are expenses for snacks, lunch, material, transport of trainer. A unit cost CNY 125 per class-day per farmer (or CNY 1,875 per class of 15 farmers) has been assumed in the calculations. However, since an average cost per farmer- session-day is used, the size of the class has no effect on the costs of the FFS subproject.

26. Preliminary cost estimates indicate that about $1.85 million is needed for the FFS program for grape growing farmers during the 5 year period.

27. The FFS include the following: (i) Training and certification of Pesticide Application Operators. Training and certification follows FAO Guidelines (2003) on ‗organization and operation of training schemes and certification procedures for operators of pesticide equipment‘ (see http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/Y2686C/Y2686C00.htm for Chinese-language version). Training should also be provided on procedures for annual testing and calibration of pesticide equipment as per FAO Guidelines (2001) on standards for agricultural pesticide application equipment and related test procedures. (ii) Training on the appropriate application of fertilizers, including the use of soluble forms of nitrogen, potassium and phosphate through drip irrigation systems. The training program should develop and trial these and other technologies with the aim of reducing the amount of fertilizer application per unit area within the project area. The volume of fertilizer used per unit area should be reported as part of the EMP monitoring requirements, allowing the reduction of fertilizer to be quantified. (iii) The training also include (i) use of organic fertilizers, compounds and compost as base fertilizers to reduce nutrient loss, building on the lessons learned from the IEM Project, (ii) application of compound fertilizers including nitrogen, phosphate and potassium according to soil nutrient tests based on the requirements of tree growth, and (iii) capacity building to farmer in appropriate guidelines for inorganic fertilizers application.

Table 2-3: Institutional Strengthening and Training Program and Implementation

Status(as of 31 Dec 2018)

Activities Target Agencies/ Attendees

Contents Timing Implementation status during this reporting

period Strengthening Institutional Strengthening

PMO, IAs, NEPD, county and district EPBs

Defining institutional arrangements for environmental management, monitoring, and supervision Defining positions and

During project preparation

Complied with

http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/Y2686C/Y2686C00.HTM





period responsibilities Appointing and recruiting personnel

EMC Recruiting and contracting EMC for internal environmental management consultancy and monitoring

Prior to project implementation

Complied with

IEMs Recruiting and contracting IEMs to conduct independent environmental monitoring for subprojects


Complied with

Environmental Management Clauses and Protocols

IAs, procurement agency, EMC

Developing environmental management clauses and incorporating them into construction and operational contracts Developing/refining environmental monitoring protocols Developing environmental emergency response procedures

During project preparation

Being complied with Being complied with Being complied with

Training Environmental Laws, Regulations and Policies

PMO, IAs, contractors

Environmental laws and regulations Environmental policies and plans Basic environmental management Environmental emergency response


Being complied with Being complied with Being complied with To be complied with

EMP Implementation

PMO, IAs, contractors

Responsibility and duties for project construction, management and environmental protection Tasks of environmental protection in the project construction Key environmental protection contents in project construction EMP improvement and corrective actions

Prior to and during project implementation

Being complied with Being complied with Being complied with Being complied with





period

Environmental Monitoring, Inspection and Reporting

IAs, contractors Monitoring and inspection methods, data collection and processing, interpretation of data, reporting system Environmental reporting requirements


Being complied with Being complied with

Field Farmer Schools

IAs, contractors Training and certification of Pesticide Application Operators. Training on the appropriate application of fertilizers and pesticides


To be complied with Being complied with

EMC = environmental management consultant, EMP = environmental management plan, EPB = environmental protection bureau, IA = implementing agency, IEM = independent environmental monitor, PMO = project management office, NEPD = Ningxia Environmental Protection Department. Source(s): Domestic EIAs, and consultations with PMO, NEPD, county and district EPBs, and IAs.

28. Established the project implementation office which is relying on Ningxia Hui

Autonomous Finance Department Project Management Office to ensure that the project participants understand their responsibility fully of executing project environment related activities, also get a better understanding of the reason of carrying out environmental monitoring plan. Training is mainly divided to three levels: Firstly is the project officer; secondly is the technical personnel; thirdly is farmers.

29. Training of Project officer mainly aimed at the project management office of provincial level (regional), municipal (county) who take charge of executing the environment monitoring program, the main training content including local laws and regulations, resources protection and ecological environment protection, etc.

30. Training of technical personnel focuses on the professional side of water

conservancy, forestry, agriculture, juice processing factory, main training about water conservation, forestry and agriculture technology, organic agriculture and product marketing and other aspects.

31. Training of farmers is aimed at all participated farmers in the project area, mainly

about water saving technology, grape, Chinese date and other crop cultivation techniques.



EHS training in Oct 2018, organized by the PMO



Binggou workshop in Oct 2018



Ma’anshan workshop in Oct 2018

Tongxin field meeting in Oct 2018

Hongsipu field meeting in Oct 2018



3 Environmental Mitigations and Compensation

Measures Implemented in the Reporting Period 3.1 Environmental Clauses in Civil Works Contracts

32. All civil works contracts contain provisions on workers’ and community safety, environmental protection and protection of physical and cultural relics. The environmental clauses are summarized below.

Figure Environment, health and safety clauses in the signed contracts and construction method statements (contract package: TX-W-N-2018002 reservoir)

3.2 Environmental Mitigations and Compensation Measures Implemented in the reporting period

33. Potential environmental issues and impacts during the pre-construction, construction and operation phases, as identified by the domestic environmental impact assessment (EIA), as well as corresponding mitigation measures designed to minimize the impacts are summarized in Table 3-1. The mitigation measures were incorporated into the tendering documents (where appropriate), construction contracts and operational management plans, and were undertaken by contractors, the implementing agencies (IAs) under the supervision of the project management office (PMO) and project implementing offices (PIOs) and the Ningxia Environmental



Protection Department (NEPD) when necessary. The effectiveness of these measures was evaluated based on the results of the environmental monitoring to determine whether they should be continued or improvements should be made. Improvements need to be confirmed through stipulated environmental management procedures.

34. National standards for air, water, and noise quality, emissions, and clearance of vegetation, are used as the benchmarks for project monitoring during construction and operation, and are listed in Chapter 4.4. .



Table 3-1: Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures and Implementation Status (as of 31 Dec 2018)

Impact Factor and/or Stage

Potential Impacts and/or Issues

Mitigation Measures Project Implementing Company

Supervising Agency

Implementation status during this reporting

period

A. Pre-Construction (applicable to all components) 1. EIA and Feasibility Study Stage

Site selections The recommended sites/ routes for the individual subprojects were selected from various alternatives so as to minimize adverse impacts on the environment and land resources.

Design Institutes, EIA institutes, IAs

County and District EPBs, NWRD, IAs, NEPD

Complied with

Engineering and technological alternatives

Engineering and technological alternatives were evaluated based on pre-defined environmental and economic criteria.

Design Institutes, EIA institutes, IAs

County and District EPBs, NWRD, IAs, NEPD

Complied with

Water extraction permission

Obtain a water use permit for water input from local Water Resources Bureaus –providing all details required for that application to the WRBs

IAs Local WRBs, PMO, LIEC

Complied with

Public consultations Several rounds of public consultations have been conducted on environmental issues, poverty, and resettlement during feasibility studies, and EIA and IEE preparations.

EIA institutes, PPTA consultants, IAs

PMO, county and district EPBs, ADB

Complied with

2. Design Stage

Updating EMP Mitigation measures defined in the EMP be reviewed, updated and incorporated into the detailed design to minimize adverse environmental impacts.

EIA institutes, Design Institutes, PPTA consultants, IAs

PMO, county and district EPBs

Complied with

3. Due Diligence

Noncompliance with EMP and EIA requirements during construction works

Undertake due diligence reviews of EIA documents and field inspections of ongoing works.

IAs, IEMs, EMC PMO, county and district EPBs

Not applicable






Supervising Agency


period

4. Bidding and Construction Preparation

Bidding documents and contractors‘ qualifications

Environmental section and provisions be included in the bidding documents. Environmental clauses for contractors in reference to this EMP and monitoring plan be included in the construction and supply contracts.

IAs, procurement agency

PMO, ADB Being complied with

The domestic EIA report, IEE report, and this EMP be included in the contract documents

Being complied with

Environmental operation and supervision manual

Contractors be required to prepare an environmental operation and supervision manual, for approval by the IAs.

Contractors IAs, PMO, county and district EPBs

Complied with

Complaints Establish a complaint and information office or appoint a responsible person and the grievance redress mechanism before starting construction. Ensure that staff at the office is well trained to handle conflicts with residents from environmental impacts.

Contractors IAs, PMO, county and district EPBs

Complied with Complied with

Environmental protection training

Environmental specialists and/or officials from NEPD be invited to provide training on implementation and supervision of environmental mitigation measures to relevant persons, especially construction engineers and managers.

NEPD, PMO, EMC

PMO Being complied with






Supervising Agency


period

Engagement of EMC Prior to start of construction, a national environmental management consultant be engaged.

PMO, a national procurement specialist

PMO, ADB Complied with

Engagement of IEMs Prior to start of construction, IEMs be engaged.

IAs PMO, county and district EPBs

Complied with

B. Construction Phase (applicable to all components under construction and having been constructed) 1. Soil Erosion

Excavation Use improved soil preparation methods including pit, strip, and anti-slope based on site condition. Restricted works during dry season (September– June). Preserve topsoil by excavating in strips and stockpiling. Confine stockpiled material with retaining bunds or walls to avoid loss. Construct erosion barriers and temporary detention ponds or containment to control silt runoff as required. Construct intercepting ditches to prevent outside runoff entering excavation stockpile sites, and divert runoff from sites to existing drainage or ponds. Soil exposed for construction or field preparation be stabilized as soon as possible, especially sites close to human

Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, PMO

Being complied with






Supervising Agency


period

residences and other sensitive receptors (e.g., schools, mosques)

Transport and disposal of soils

All soils be used as refill and landscaping materials on site. Settling ponds be built in construction sites. Soils in settling ponds be cleared for use as refill materials.


Being complied with

Construction vehicles Straw or cloth be laid at the entry/exist of each construction site to reduce soil loss from adherence to vehicles. Tires of construction vehicles be cleaned daily of soils


Being complied with

Exposed surfaces Within 1 week of refill and land leveling completion, re-vegetation with native trees and grasses be undertaken.


Being complied with

2. Water Quality Primarily relates to water

Siltation in water bodies due to excavation

If soil erosion mitigation measures are effectively implemented, siltation in water bodies be minimal.

Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEM, PMO Being complied with






Supervising Agency


period

quality in irrigation canals and reservoirs

Wastewater from construction camps

Portable sanitary systems be used on site. Wastewater be collected, transported off site and disposed of to domestic sewerage system. Unauthorized discharge of wastewater into nearby water bodies be prohibited.

Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, PMO, county and district EPBs

Being complied with

3. Air Quality

Dust from crop and material delivery and construction vehicles

Vehicles delivering crops, equipment, and other material to the sites must be covered.


Being complied with

Dust from construction sites

Materials storage sites must be 300 m from residential areas and covered or sprayed with water. For Hongsipu subproject access road (19.7km), commercial asphalt procured negating the need for asphalt mixing on construction sites. No asphalt production or mixing be conducted onsite. The use of closed mixing asphalt road laying equipment is ideal. Construction works must be stopped during strong wind (>40 km/hr) Water be sprayed on active construction roads and excavation sites twice a day. Upon completion of civil works, all construction sites be required to be re-vegetated with trees and grasses.


Being complied with






Supervising Agency


period

Dust from construction roads

Roads used by contractors or suppliers vehicles be kept clear of dust and mud. This be monitored daily and cleaned as required.


Being complied with

Emissions from vehicles and equipment

Vehicle emissions comply with GB18352-2005, GB17691-2005, GB 11340-2005, GB3847-2005, and GB18285-2005. Equipment and machinery emissions must comply with GB16297-1996. A regular inspection and certification system be initiated.

Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, PMO, city and county EPBs

Being complied with

4. Noise Noise from equipment and vehicles

Noise from equipment and machinery comply with GB12523-2011. Provide adequate route for large trucks to keep away from residential areas.


Being complied with

At construction sites within 500 m of the nearest habitation, noisy construction work be stopped between 22:00 and 06:00 hours, or as agreed based on community consultation.

Community complaints about noise

Interviews with residents living adjacent to construction sites be conducted on a weekly basis to identify community complaints about noise, and seek suggestions from community members to reduce noise annoyance. Community suggestions be used to adjust work hours of noise-generating machinery.


Being complied with






Supervising Agency


period

Given that many project sites are remote and with no settlements, noise monitoring is not considered necessary, as long as the above mitigation measures are properly implemented.

5. Solid Wastes

Domestic waste from construction camps

promote best practice waste management focusing on minimisation, reuse, and recycling Minimisation of solid waste generation through appropriate materials procurement, minimising generation of cut vegetation Reuse cleared vegetation for ground cover, reuse of existing trellises and wire for new grape crops, composing organic waste where appropriate, and use multi-compartment collection bins to promote recycling of construction materials.


Being complied with

6. Impact on Flora

Vegetation Prohibit burning vegetation and residual bushes and grasses when clearing planting sites, in compliance with PRC Water and Soil Conservation Law (2011) and PRC Forest Fire Prevention and Control Regulation (2008) Only cut grasses or bushes which are obstacle to planting activities and tree growth in patches or strip shape and pilling them up between planting rows or holes to allow them to naturally decay. When clearing planting sites in patches or strips on land with slopes of more than 15


Being complied with






Supervising Agency


period

degrees, every 30 m clearance cutting should allow a 3 m contour strip to allow for the original vegetation. Preserve existing vegetation where no construction activity is planned or temporarily to preserve vegetation where activity is planned for a later date. Rehabilitate disposal and borrow sites with equivalent or improved native vegetation cover.

7. Social and Cultural Considerations

Traffic jam or block Build interim roads. Select transport routes to reduce disturbance to regular traffic. Divert traffic at peak traffic hours, and reinstating the area to its original condition on completion of construction.

Contractors, IAs OEEs, IEMs, PMO, city and county traffic bureaus

Being complied with

Community health and safety

Erect construction signages/billboards, which include construction contents, schedule, responsible person and complaint phone number, at the entry to each construction site and construction staging area. Inform residents and businesses in advance of the road improvement activities, given the dates and duration of expected disruption and make aware of the project GRM. Place clear signs at construction sites in view of the public, warning people of potential dangers such as moving

Contractors, IAs OEEs, IEMs, PMO, city and county traffic bureaus

Being complied with






Supervising Agency


period

vehicles, hazardous materials, excavations etc. and raising awareness on safety issues. Make all sites secure, and discourage access by members of the public through appropriate fencing/barriers, signage and/or security personnel, as appropriate.

Cultural heritage Cultural heritage sites be preserved where identified, especially for Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty (Wuhudun section). In accordance with the PRC regulations, no person shall destroy, damage, deface, conceal, or otherwise interfere with a relic. Wuhudun subproject construction neither pass through nor involve the protection scope of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty. To better protect the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty, it requires the relevant laws and regulations such as the PRC Cultural Relics Protection Law 2002, PRC Regulations on the protection of the Great Wall 2006 and Notice of Promulgating protection scope of the early Great Wall in Ningxia Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, September 2016 etc., should be strictly complied. The Wuhudun subproject construction should avoid and bypass the Great Wall and the following activities shall be prohibited in the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty: ① earth and bricks taking, tree and crop planting; ② graving and defacing; ③ erecting and installment of unrelated facilities to protect the Great Wall; ④ crossing the Great Wall of the Ming

Contractors, IAs OEEs, IEMs, PMO, Regional Cultural Heritage Department, city and county cultural heritage bureaus

Being complied with






Supervising Agency


period

Dynasty by vehicles; ⑤ displaying appliances that might damage the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty; ⑥ activity implementation in untapped area; ⑦ other activities prohibited by the laws and regulations. If an important site is unearthed, work be stopped immediately and the matter promptly referred to the County, municipal, provincial- or state-level agencies for evaluation and decision on appropriate actions.

Occupational health and safety (OHS)

Contractors implement adequate precautions to protect the health and safety of construction workers. OHS risks be managed by applying measures in the following order of preference: avoiding, controlling, minimizing hazards, and providing adequate protective equipment. The contractors undertake the following activities: Personal protection. Provide personal protection equipment, such as safety boots, helmets, gloves, protective clothing, goggles, and ear protection, in accordance with relevant health and safety regulations for workers. - For Hongsipu subproject access road (19.7km) ,safety goggles and respiratory masks to workers doing asphalt road paving; Emergency preparedness and response. An emergency response plan to take actions on accidents and emergencies be


Being complied with






Supervising Agency


period

prepared, including environmental and public health emergencies associated with hazardous material spills and similar events, and submitted to the local EPBs for review and appraisal. Emergency phone link with hospitals in each County be established. A fully equipped first-aid base in each construction camp be organized. Communication. Ensure that OHS matters are given a high degree of publicity to all persons regularly or occasionally on each construction site. Posters be displayed prominently in relevant areas of the site. Training, awareness and competence. Train all construction workers in basic sanitation, general health and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work.

Implement SITs/HIV/AIDS and other communicable diseases awareness and prevention program to target the local community and construction workers.

Being complied with

C. Operation Phase (applicable to completed components: three vineyard farms of NARG, the vineyard farm of Hongsipu vineyard, Chinese dates orchard of Tongxin) 1. Water Quality Primarily relates to water quality in irrigation

Wastewater from grape processing equipment cleaning

Separate and reuse the seeds and grape skins prior to discharging wastewater Treat wastewater in aerobic ponds prior to release, including use of physical aerators.


Being complied with

Nutrient runoff Training be provided to farmers on proper fertilizer selection, application and procedure.

IAs IAs, County or district EPB

Being complied with






Supervising Agency


period

canals and reservoirs

Fertilizer be applied in soluble forms of nitrogen, potassium and phosphate, through drip irrigation systems. Use organic fertilizers, compounds and compost as base fertilizers to reduce nutrient loss Apply compound fertilizers including nitrogen, phosphate and potassium according to soil nutrient tests based on the requirements of tree growth Provide capacity building to farmer in appropriate guidelines for inorganic fertilizers application. Apply fertilizers according to soil nutrition and demand of tree growth. Apply compounds, including nitrogen, phosphate and potassium in the proper ratio Ditch or hole application methods be used and covered with earth to increase fertilizer effects and lower pollution

2. Water Balance

Water savings At least 90% of new or existing vineyard and Chinese Date and yellow horn orchard land area in the Project install water-efficient irrigation systems such as drip or pipe irrigation with water meters to closely and accurately monitor water consumption. by 2018. The subproject install water meters to

IAs IAs, NWRD Being complied with






Supervising Agency


period

measure all water entering all the subprojects’ production processes at all sites from all sources (pipelines, wells and local reservoirs) and report water consumption quarterly. The project monitoring annual report include documentation of progress of crop and irrigation conversation, and corresponding water use efficiency improvements.

3. Land Degradation

Irrigated farmland Use of drip irrigation systems is likely to mitigate against risk of land degradation due to over irrigation, reducing soil erosion, sediment runoff and soil salinization.

IAs IAs, County or district EPB

Being complied with

Pesticide contamination

Training be provided to farmers on proper pesticide selection, application and procedure in the field farmer schools, including training on: (i) International Code of Conduct on the Distribution and Use of Pesticides (2002); (ii) FAO Guidelines on good practice for ground application of pesticides (2001); (iii) FAO Guidelines on standards for agricultural pesticide application equipment and related test procedures (2001); and (iv) FAO Guidelines on minimum requirements for agricultural pesticide application (2004) (v) Pesticide Management Measures in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, issued by Ningxia Autonomous Region Agriculture and Animal/ Husbandry Department on March 1, 2006 (vi) Integrated pest management program to reduce the potential impact from over

IAs IAs, County or district EPB, agriculture, animal/ husbandry bureaus

Being complied with






Supervising Agency


period

use of pesticides (according to GB 2763—2014, National food safety standard--Maximum residue limits for pesticides in food and a series of lists of Prohibited and Restricted Toxic Chemical Pesticidesetc issued by the Ministry of Agriculture, including but not limited to the following: Announcement No.199th of the Ministry of Agriculture; Announcement No.274th and No.322nd of the Ministry of Agriculture; Announcement No.1157th of the Ministry of Agriculture; Announcement No.1158th of the Ministry of Agriculture; Announcement No.1586th of the Ministry of Agriculture; List of prohibited and restricted toxic chemicals in China(first batch, 1998) ; List of prohibited and restricted toxic chemicals in China(second batch, 2005); Announcement No.194th,and 199th of the Ministry of Agriculture; Announcement No.199th and 1586th of the Ministry of Agriculture; Announcement 1586th of the Ministry of Agriculture; and Announcement No.274th and 1586th of the Ministry of Agriculture). Application of an efficient combination of low toxicity, low-residue and biological pesticides and herbicides. Limit application times to the mornings after the dew, and not during high winds or high afternoon temperatures Controlling the number of spray applications. Where possible, use tunnel or recycling






Supervising Agency


period

sprayers, which provide both drift control and canopy sensing. Select improved varieties and strong seedlings which have the capacity to resist pests and diseases No use of pesticides that are restricted by the WHO, environmentally friendly pesticides only Disposal containers used for pesticides and cleaning Monitor and forecast development trends of pests and diseases, prevention combined with control Adaptation of pollution-free cultivation techniques that are currently being carried out in many fruit gardens.

Fertilizers contamination

Promote fertilizer efficiency and reduction, and actively explore output efficiency, product safety, resource conservation and environment-friendly modern agricultural development model. Promote high-performance slow-release fertilizers with conservation tillage, straw returning, applications of formula fertilizer and organic fertilizer, drip irrigation, water and fertilizer integrated irrigation technology Use gypsum and other conditioning agent combined with engineering measures to improve saline soil.

IAs IAs, County or district EPB, agriculture bureau

Being complied with






Supervising Agency


period

4. Wastewater

Dehydration process in biogas production process, drainage of the softened water system, the boiler sewage and domestic sewage(Binggou subproject)

Biogas dehydration, sofened water system and domestic sewage be treated in septic tank then reused in the biogas fermentation system. Biogas boiler drainage be reused for the plant road water sprinkling as dust suppression. Selection of high quality equipment and fittings, and to strengthen the daily management and repair and maintenance work to prevent and reduce the occurrence of leaking phenomenon. Double anti-seepage treatment of feed tank, waste pool, homogenization pond, biogas slurry and residue pond, drying bed, collecting tank for filtered liquid and open trench for waterline. Both main anti-seepage layer and sub-antiseepage layer use nonwoven geotextiles + HDPE film whose thickness is no less than 1.5mm. The specifications of geotechnical cloth is no less than 600g/m2. The bottom pavement compact soil layer. The filtration coefficient of impervious barrier is ≤ 10-9m/s after taking measures. Ensure the Maánshan livestock wastewater to be drawn off and directed to a storage tank for managed distribution before releasing to farmland and used as liquid fertilizer. Implement provisions of Technical Standard of Preventing Pollution for Livestock and Poultry Breeding (HJ/T81-

EMC,IA of Binggou subproject and Ma’anshan subproject







Supervising Agency


period

Impact on surface water quality from livestock wastewater (for Maánshan subproject) Impact on groundwater quality(for Maánshan subproject)

2001). i. separation of stormwater drainage system and sewerage collection system (stormwater to be stored separately for site use); ii. built sewage collection and distribution system in the project site; iii. no open trenches; iv. drainage vessels with anti-seepage measures or cement pipes to convey wastewater and prevent overflow and infiltration; v. all storage facilities, pre-treatment tanks, digesters, settling tanks, drainage pipes, digestate storage tanks, and rain water collection tanks should be designed with high quality materials and monitored for leaks.

5 Exhaust emission and noise impacts

Biogas boiler gas, odor produced by pretreatment workshop and fugitive odor caused by the biogas plant area (Binggou subproject)

Biogas boiler exhaust gas be released through a 10m high stack, Pretreat treatment workshop exhaust be treated through biological filter pool (deodorant system) then released to the air, Biogas slurry storage be located near tall trees and sprayed with deodorant, etc. In local planning, maintain a 500 m distance around site in compliance with Technical Standard of Preventing Pollution for Livestock and Poultry Breeding (HJ/T81-2001) to prevent residential

EMC,IA of Binggou subproject and Ma’anshan subproject







Supervising Agency


period

Livestock odor, noise and safety (NH3 and H2S), for Maánshan subproject

development.

6. Solid Waste

Using agricultural film

Implement local government developed comprehensive plastic film recycling program and subsidy policy; Monitor and enforce plastic film recycling measures through local recycling system, double-entry mechanism and other regulatory system (for details please see the para. 106 of the Addendum); Capacity building be conducted for local famers during operation period, improving their consciousness to the impact of residual agricultural film for production, taking active actions to restore and clean agricultural film and reducing agricultural film usage. What’s more, training them to use degradable agricultural film.

EMC,IAs/farmers/agricultural residual film recycling outlets and agricultural residual film processing plants

PMO, local governments, local finance, auditing , agriculture, animal and husbandry, discipline inspection and other departments

Being complied with

Waste branches and leaves from trimming of ecological shelter forest

Hire local farmers. to recycle waste branches and leaves for fertilizer, feed or fuelwood

EMC,IAs/farmers PMO Being complied with

Unplanned or unsound disposal of livestock solid wastes (for Maánshan subproject)

All livestock solid waste generated in animal production shall be handled and disposed of by arrangements on-site or off-site. Off-site arrangements must have the capacity and willingness to accept waste in the long term.

EMC,IA of Ma’anshan subproject







Supervising Agency


period

7. Health and safety

Health and safety of operating staff

Operating staff be protected from workplace hazards by; i. safe storage and handling of pesticides, and chemicals for disinfection of facilities and livestock, ii. safe handling of pesticides, chemicals, serums, and veterinary pharmaceutics in laboratories; iii. personal protection gear for work hazards; iv. staff protection from exposure to animal diseases.

EMC, IAs PMO and local safety production supervision and health departments

Being complied with

8. Environmental management

Insufficient environmental management capacity

Conduct training for environmental management Conduct training for the grape processing plant staff, to ensure staff are competent in plant processes and occupational health and safety measures Refine and maintain a grievance redress mechanism.

EMC, IAs PMO Being complied with

ADB = Asian Development Bank, DRC = development and reform commission, EIA = environmental impact assessment, EMC = environmental management consultant, EMP = environmental management plan, EPB = environmental protection bureau, GB = Guo Biao (national standards), IA = implementing agency, IEE = initial environmental examination, IEM = independent environmental monitor, m = meter, NEPD = Ningxia Environmental Protection Department, NFD = Ningxia Finance Department, OEE = onsite environmental engineer, PMO = project management office, PPTA = project preparatory technical assistance, PRC = People‘s Republic of China, WRB = water resources bureau. Sources: Domestic EIA report, and consultations with county and district EPBs.



35. In conclusion, the overall project mitigation measures have been implemented in line

with the EMP.



4 Summary of Environmental Monitoring

4.1 Monitoring plan

36. The implementation of environmental monitoring program in construction project is mainly in two stages, the first stage is monitoring in construction phase; the second stage is the monitoring after putting into operation. According to the project environment characteristics, construction phase and operation period environmental monitoring program are shown in Table 4-1.

37. This program considers the scope of monitoring, environmental media, monitoring parameters, time and frequency, implementing and supervising agencies. The monitoring follows the methodology provided in the national standard methods for monitoring pollutants. Other associated standards are national environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge/emission standards.

38. Internal monitoring and inspection. The PMO nominate at least one qualified full-

time environmental management staff member to undertake environmental management and monitoring activities. The PMO further engage a national environmental management consultant (EMC) to assist the PMO and IAs including project implementing offices (PIOs) in carrying out internal monitoring and inspection, reporting to ADB through quarterly project progress reports, annual environmental monitoring reports, and a project completion report, and conducting necessary training. The PMO and IAs, with assistance from the EMC, conduct internal monitoring and inspection on the progress of the EMP, information on project implementation, the environmental performance of the contractors, and environmental compliance, considering reports submitted by contractors, environmental monitoring stations (EMSs), environmental institutes, and independent environmental monitors (IEMs).

39. Monitoring and inspection. EMS at the municipal level be responsible to undertake regular and random monitoring and inspection before, during, and after construction, as well as in the event of emergencies. If abnormalities are found, the EPB impose a fine and issue a notice of rectification with a specific deadline.

40. Independent environmental monitoring. Local environmental monitoring agencies and/or companies be engaged by IAs as IEMs. Each IEM include an environmental safeguard specialist to conduct independent environmental monitoring. The independent environmental monitoring be conducted to ensure that contractors appropriately implement mitigation measures and that project environmental objectives are achieved. The results of the environmental monitoring form part of quarterly project progress reports, annual environmental monitoring reports, and a project completion report that be submitted to the ADB. IEMs assist NFD including the PMO in reporting to ADB the project progress on environmental issues through quarterly project progress reports, annual environmental monitoring reports, and a project completion report.

41. Results of monitoring be used to evaluate: (i) the extent and severity of environmental impacts compared with the predicted impacts, (ii) performance of the



environmental protection measures and other project requirements, (iii) trends of impacts, and (iv)overall effectiveness of the EMP. Effectiveness of mitigation measures and monitoring plans be evaluated through a feedback reporting system. Modification of measures required by the EMP be performed, if necessary.

42. The environmental monitoring program is in Table 4-1. So far, an EMR was submitted and disclosed on the ADB project website in January 2015(https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/prc-ningxia-irrigated-agriculture-water-conservation-demonstration-project-jan-jun-2014-emr), which concludes overall compliance, however, indicates the issue of lacking monitoring data. Cost estimates for the environmental monitoring program are in Table 4-2. Before implementing the monitoring plan, responsible agencies provide more accurate estimates of the costs and present a further detailed breakdown of the cost estimates. During project implementation, the costs are adjusted based on actual requirements.

Table 4-1: Environmental Monitoring Program and Implementation Status(as of 31

Dec 2018)

Item Parameters Location Time and Frequency

Implementing Agency

Supervising Agency

Implementation status during this reporting period

A. Internal Monitoring and Inspection 1. Progress on EMP and project implementation

Follow parameters set for monitoring and inspection, audit, and independent monitoring

All sites

Weekly

Contractors, SC

PMO, IAs, EMC , NEPD, ADB

Being fulfilled.

2. Environmental Performance

Being fulfilled

3. Environmental Monitoring

Being fulfilled.

B. Project Monitoring* 1. Water Conservation

Convert existing flood irrigated crops to drip / pipe irrigated agriculture. Record: hectares of land in which drip irrigation is installed; kilometers of drip irrigation pipes installed along crop rows which were previously flood-irrigated

All sites

Annual EMSs IAs, county and district EPBs

Being fulfilled.

https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/prc-ningxia-irrigated-agriculture-water-conservation-demonstration-project-jan-jun-2014-emr

https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/prc-ningxia-irrigated-agriculture-water-conservation-demonstration-project-jan-jun-2014-emr




Implementing Agency

Supervising Agency


2. Appropriate application of pesticides, herbicides and fertilizer; plastic film and its collection/recycling

Visual inspection to confirm application of fertilizer, pesticides and herbicides in accordance with operational phase mitigation measures listed above.

Record actual volumes of herbicide/pesticide/fertilizer applications/ plastic film and its collection/recycling during and after the project.

Annual EMSs IAs, county and district EPBs

Being fulfilled.

3. Wastewater discharge from grape processing facilities,

pH, COD, TSS

100 meters downstream from the discharge outlet of each grape processing facility;

Monthly sampling during discharge periods from grape processing facilities.

EMSs IAs, county and district EPBs

Being fulfilled.

4. Surface water quality

PH, COD, TSS Closest artificial reservoirs to Wuhudun and Maánshan subprojects

Monthly EMSs IAs, county and district EPBs

Being fulfilled.

5. Cultural heritage

Great wall of Ming Dynasty

Wuhudun subproject

Monthly IAs, EMC Ningxia city and Xingqing district cultural relics departments

Being fulfilled.




Implementing Agency

Supervising Agency


6. Land degradation improvements

Visual inspection for gully, sheet erosion, or surface expressions of saline soil. Conduct Photographic documentation of construction sites before, during and after the project at set locations (especially at sites which may be especially vulnerable to land degradation).

1 monitoring location for each site

Inspect at beginning of construction and quarterly thereafter. Visual inspection of all sites.

EMSs

IAs, county and district EPBs

Being fulfilled.

7. Shelterbelts

Visual inspection for (a) the number of hectares planted, (b) the planting survival rate. Conduct Photographic documentation during each inspection.

1 monitoring location for each site

Inspect at beginning of construction and quarterly thereafter. Visual inspection of all sites. Conduct Photographic documentation.

EMSs

IAs, county and district EPBs

Being fulfilled.

C. Project Completion Environmental Audit 1. Water Balance Visual inspection

to confirm at least 90% of new or existing vineyard and Chinese Date land area in the Project have installed water-efficient irrigation systems such as drip or pipe irrigation by 2016.

Visual inspection of all sites to document area of land converted to drip or pipe irrigation, and new areas of irrigated land with drip or pipe irrigation.

Upon project completion


Not yet due




Implementing Agency

Supervising Agency


2. Appropriate application of pesticides, herbicides and fertilizer

Visual inspection to confirm application of fertilizer, pesticides and herbicides in accordance with operational phase mitigation measures listed above.

Visual inspection of all sites

Upon project completion


Not yet due

D. Independent Environmental Monitoring 1. Mitigation Measures by Contractors

Mitigation measures to be implemented by contractors (listed in Table 3-1)

All sites

Annually IEMs IAs, county and district EPBs

Being fulfilled.

BOD = biochemical oxygen demand, COD = chemical oxygen demand, dB(A) = A-weighted decibel, EMC = environmental management company/consultant, EMP = environmental management plan, EMS = Environmental Monitoring Station at the city level, EPB = Environmental Protection Bureau, IEM = independent environmental monitor, the IEMs be independent third parties hired by the IAs, IA = implementing agency, Leq = equivalent continuous noise level, m = meter, NH3-N = ammonia nitrogen, pH = measure of acidity and alkalinity, PM10 = particulate matter smaller than 10 micrometers, PMO = project management office, NEPD = Ningxia Environmental Protection Department, TN = total nitrogen, TP = total phosphor, TSP = total suspended particulates, TSS = total suspended solids Source(s): Domestic EIAs, and consultations with PMO, county and district EPBs, and IAs. * Independent government monitoring include compliance and contractor monitoring, and is outside the scope of this Project EMP. 43. Internal supervision report:

In the construction phase, signatory supervision company with the cities (counties) implement internal supervision, and reflect the results in the regular construction report. The report content should be summed up as follows: the environmental problems in construction; mitigation measures which be taken possibly; the influence result to the environment and the surrounding area. According to the requirements of the environmental management plan, construction side should accept training for taking measures to alter the adverse effects timely, or have the ability of improving and taking mitigation measures, implementing agencies should cooperate with construction side to take measures appropriately and timely. In construction phase, implementing agencies should draw up detailed internal environmental monitoring scheme and measures, and submit to cities and counties project management office in time.

44. External monitoring report: In project construction phase and operation period, monitoring content mainly include: construction and operation activities; environmental conditions; monitoring sampling locations; analyze the results; monitoring explanation and meaning of results; put forward improvement suggestions. Environmental monitoring report are implemented by each county (city), they statistically process the monitoring data, summarize through the tabular form, write



the monitoring report, and submit to Ningxia project management office; Ningxia Project Management Office write general environmental monitoring report in accordance with the report submitted by cities and counties PMO, then submit to Ningxia Project Leading Group and ADB.

45. Some monitoring forms submitted by project implementation agencies to the project management office are still not complete, especially some blank cells written by using monitoring data is not easy to measure and monitor. However, it does not seriously distorted and/or affect the monitoring results.

4.2 Monitoring Results Ecology, vegetation and Land Use Trends

46. Detailed records of satellite maps and field photos of the project area please see the Appendix 1. Vegetation status in Ningxia (related to the Project Area) please see the Appendix 2. Soil status in rural Ningxia(related to the Project Area) please see the Appendix 3. From the view of environmental protection and ecological protection, ecological type in the project area is unitary and the ecological structure is relatively simple, implementation of overall project is well. Throughout the project implementation area, the environment condition is quite good which reflecting there is no serious environmental pollution incidents, no large amounts of solid wastes which is from the construction site or due to the improper handling operation activities, and no obvious environmental deterioration in appearance, also no complaints about environmental problems from the public in project implementation area.

Estimated project ecological and environmental benefits derived (as of 31 Dec 2018)

47. Combating land degradation and desertification. The Improved irrigation system has been installed for 4 vineyard farms and 1 Chinese date orchard with a total area of 1466.2 hectare (ha) which has the potential to make a positive contribution towards combating land degradation and desertification in Ningxia, through the application and promotion of improved agricultural practices, including the following: The overall outcome is reduced soil erosion and increase land productivity. (i) Drip and pipe irrigation replacement of current flood irrigation practices on approximately 1466.2 ha of existing farmland resulting in reduced water requirements; reduced farmland soil erosion of 4,912t/year; and reduced discharge of nutrients, pesticides, and sediment into surface water and groundwater; (ii) Improved agricultural practices, including promoting the use of organic fertilizers such as manure, promoting zero-tilling practices to reduce disturbance of soil, and inclusion of intercropping to increase soil stability; and



(iii) Expansion of dryland agriculture on approximately 1466.2 ha of degraded land contributing to increased soil stabilisation (through establishment of shelterbelts and cropped land) and increased soil quality (through the application of organic fertilizers).7

48. Improved irrigation water use efficiency. The Improved irrigation system installed for 4 vineyard farms and 1 Chinese date orchard with a total area of 1466.2 hectare (ha) is expected to save approximately 5,2788 MLs of irrigation water currently being applied flood irrigation and high water demand crops. The project improve water use efficiency on approximately 1466.2 ha of land. Improved irrigation water efficiency brings environmental benefits including providing a buffer for adaptation to the potential impacts of climate variability, and demonstration of sustainable agriculture techniques that can be replicated.

49. Carbon sequestration. The project establish approximately grapes, Chinese date trees, and forested shelterbelts on land currently supporting sparse vegetation. The establishment of new vegetation has the potential to sequester carbon dioxide. Based on published average rates for carbon sequestration for agriculture and forestry 9 , the area of newly established grapes, Chinese dates, and forested shelterbelts result sequestration to between 3,079 tons of carbon dioxide per year.

Physical Environment

50. Detailed climate of the project area please see the Appendix 4. In the context of global climate change, Ningxia is also experiencing quietly climate change, and the impact on the region's economic and social development are becoming increasingly evident. This also increases the impact on agriculture. Climate change caused instability in crop yields, decreased quality, increased pests and diseases, increased agricultural production costs. Winter wheat moved north, wolfberry expanded south, grape varieties diversification grew and the proportion of late-maturing varieties gradually increased. Global warming makes the thermophilic crops such as corn, rice yields increased; and climate guaranteed rate of double cropping in the irrigated area improved. Hi cool wheat and potato crops have cut trend. At the same time, rising temperatures decreases air humidity, increases agricultural water consumption, so the water shortage is even more severe.

51. Environment Quality in the Project Area including water quality and air quality please see the Appendix 5. In 2017, monitoring results at six state-controlled sections of the Yellow River in Ningxia reached GradeⅡwhich is excellent quality, the overall water quality improved. In 2017, the proportion of average fine air quality in five prefecture-level cities in the region was 76.4%, up 1.2 percentage points year-on-year.

52. It is important to maintain compliance throughout the entire project implementation

including trial-operational stage. The individual environmental consultant (LIEC)

7http://www.worldbank.org, at 3.35t/ha of annual soil erosion reduction. 8 Estimated based on the IEE dated 2012, ie, water savings at 240m3/mu/year. 9 To estimate carbon sequestered (in metric tons of CO2) by additional forestry acres in one year, simply multiply the number of acres by 0.85 mt CO2 acre/year, ie, 2.1 mt CO2/ha/year. (source: https://www.epa.gov/)

http://www.worldbank.org/



visited the project sites in November 2018; reviewed the EMP implementation status through 2014-2018 and found overall compliance with the updated EMP requirements; and advised that disturbance to original site ecology be minimized where possible and stringent construction site management be implemented to avoid any adverse impact to the Great Wall of Wuhudun; also reminded the PIOs of the potential environmental impacts from the associated facilities - vineyard and grape processing facilities (e.g. in Hongsipu)－ which have wastewater implications. The PIOs reported that wastewater collection and treatment facilities were under construction. The individual environmental consultant collect relevant information from the PIOs and document such compliance status in future EMRs to ADB. Besides, the PMO/PIOs confirmed that no environmental complaint or grievance has been received so far.

4.3 Cost Estimates for Environmental Management 53. The IAs with help from the PMO develop detailed plans for procurement of

equipment and materials, and civil works for implementing mitigation measures and monitoring plans. Environmental considerations be incorporated into the bidding documents and contracts to ensure environmentally responsive procurement.

54. Cost estimates for mitigation measures, environmental monitoring, and environmental administration are summarized in Table 4-2. The total cost for five years of project environmental monitoring and training is estimated to be CNY 1,496,250 (including the proposed newly added road in Hongsipu and replacement of yellowhorn orchard in Tongxin). Before implementing a monitoring plan, responsible agencies present a more detailed breakdown of the estimated budget. During project implementation, the budgets be adjusted based on actual requirements. Contractors bear the costs for all mitigation measures during construction, land preparation and planting, which be included in the bidding documents and contracts. The IAs bear costs related to mitigation measures during operation. Costs related to environmental supervision during construction, land preparation and planting and operation be borne by the IAs. Costs for capacity building be borne by the project as a whole. During the operation phase, the training costs be included in the operation and maintenance budget.

Table 4-2: Cost Estimates (CNY) for EMP to be covered by the ADB Loan

Year 1 (2014)

Year 2 (2015)

Year 3 (2016)

* Year 4 (2017)

Year 5 (2018)

Year 6 (2019)

Detailed EMP development 89,000 - - - - Environmental training and capacity building

45,000 45,000 45,000 45,000 45,000

Construction phase monitoring 61,357 61,357 61,357 61,357 61,357 61,357

Operational monitoring - 260,000 260,000 260,000 Contingency (5%) 9,768 5,318 5,318 5,318 5,318 3,068 Total per year 205,125 111,675 111,675 371,675 371,675 324,425 Grand total 5 years 1,496,250

* As of December 2016, the overall project progress was about 43% against 60% of time elapsed. Project activities other than those involved in scope changes have been completed.



55. Itemised annual costs are provided in Table 4-3. These costs be entirely funded by the executing agency and not from the ADB loan.

Table 4-3: Construction Phase Environmental Monitoring Costs

Environmental Aspect Cost Estimate (CNY) Construction Phase Environmental Monitoring Costs Independent environmental monitoring 30,000 Ambient Air 30,000 Water quality 15,000 Ambient Noise 18,000 Vegetation disturbance and soil and erosion 30,000 Operational Phase Environmental Monitoring Annual Cost Estimate Independent environmental monitoring 50,000 Water Quality 84,000 Ambient Air Quality 10,800 Ambient noise 20,000 Soil quality Monitoring 63,000 Greening 1,800 Soil and water conservation 25,000 Pests and diseases 3,600 Total 381,200

4.4 Performance Indicators 56. Table 4-4 outlines acceptance criteria for key aspects of the environmental

performance of the project.

Table 4-4: Performance Indicators(as of 31 Dec 2018)

Item Parameters Targets Achievements Water Conservation Water use In the project area total irrigated

area has been increased by 37,850 mu (2,523 ha), but depending on annual weather fluctuations, annual irrigation water consumption has been reduced in the order of 10 million m3. Irrigation water use should be 1.9 ML/ha (plus or minus 20%)

The Improved irrigation system installed for 4 vineyard farms and 1 Chinese date orchard with a total area of 1466.2 hectare (ha) is expected to save approximately 5.3 million m3 of irrigation water currently being applied flood irrigation and high water demand crops.

Wastewater discharge from grape processing facilities**

pH TN TP BOD COD TSS

5.5–8.5mg/L 30 mg/L 10 mg/L 100 mg/L 100 mg/L 100 mg/L

Not available. To be reflected in future reporting periods.

Irrigation water quality** pH TN TP BOD COD TSS

5.5–8.5mg/L 30 mg/L 10 mg/L 100 mg/L 100 mg/L 100 mg/L

Not available. To be reflected in future reporting periods.



Air quality10 SO2 PM10

150 ug/m3 150 ug/m3

Complied. 10-55 ug/m3 in 2017 Complied. 90-117 ug/m3 in 2017

Noise11 Leq (dB(A))

Not exceeding 60 decibels [dB(A)] in daytime and 50 dB(A) in nighttime

Complied. 24-hour average level: 52.5 dB(A) in 2017

* Based on average concentrations from base line monitoring detailed in Table 11 of the IEE dated in 2012.

Table 4-5: Monitoring index system for farmland, woodland, grassland and orchard type and Its Achievements (as of 31 Dec 2018)

Time

Location

Type

I. Vegetation Index 1 2 3 4 5 6

Forest &Grassland coverage region

Woodland area

Shrub &Grass area

Abandoned Land area

Cultivated area

Exotic Invasion Number

% hm2 hm2 hm2 hm2 2018-6-

28 Qukou Farm FWGO 10.2 473 210 None 2520 None

2018-6- 29

Lianhu Farm FWGO 9 230 86 None 1233 None

2018-6- 30

Yuquanying Farm

FWGO 9 471 200 None 2267 1

2018-7- 1

Hongsipu Xiaojiayao

FWGO 333

Source: the IAs

Time Location Type II. Natural Conservation Area Index

III. Soil & Soil Erosion Index

IV. Air Quality Index

1 1 2 3 4 1

Soil Salinization

Soil Erosion

Day Num. of Dust and Sand Wind

Day Num. of Storm Wind

Day Num. of Flood

Odor

hm2

t/(km2

/a) d/a

2018-6-28 Qukou Farm FWGO No No 26 13 5 No 2018-6-29 Lianhu Farm FWGO No No 30 15 5 No

2018-6-30 Yuquanying Farm

FWGO No No 30 15 5 No

2018-7-1 Hongsipu Xiaojiayao

FWGO No No 40 7 No

Source: the IAs

10 2017 Annual Environmental Statement in Ningxia, http://www.nxep.gov.cn/info/2796/101489.htm. The 2018 Annual Environmental Statement in Ningxia has not yet issued. 11 Ibid.

http://www.nxep.gov.cn/info/2796/101489.htm



Time Location Type

V Groundwater Quality Index 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Groundwater Bury in Irrigation Well

Turbidity

SS pH Nitric Acid Density (Nitrate

Nitrogen)

Integration Water Quality

Index Still Water % Draw Water

hm2 m3/h NTU TDS,

mg/L mg/L Level

2018-6 -28

Qukou Farm

FWGO 6.3 12 80 No 863 7.87 7.4 II

2018-6 -29

Lianhu Farm

FWGO

2018-6 -30

Yuquanying Farm

FWGO 4.8 10.8 80 No 863 7.73 7.4 II

2018-7 -1

Hongsipu Xiaojiayao

FWGO

Source: the IAs

WLFP: wetlands, landscape lakes and fishing ponds; FWGO: farmlands, woodlands, grasslands & orchards; CC: subcomponent in construction; CO: subcomponent in operation

4.5 Public Consultation 57. Future plans for public involvement during the design, construction, and operation

phases were developed during the project preparation. These plans include public participation in (i) monitoring impacts and mitigation measures during the construction and operation stages, (ii) evaluating environmental and economic benefits and social impacts, and (iii) interviewing the public after the project is completed. They include several types of consultations, e.g., site visits, workshops, investigation of specific issues, interviews, and public hearings (Table 4-6).

58. Public participation plans are part of the project implementation and management plan. The IA is responsible for public participation during project implementation. The IAs also establish environmental management units (EMU) for supervising implementation, continuing public consultation, monitoring progress, and responding to grievances. The staff at the offices be well trained to handle crisis situations or conflicts with residents due to distress from environmental impacts. Costs for public participation activities during project construction are included in the project funding. The costs are estimated as CNY3,000 for each expert workshop, CNY5,000 for each public workshop, and CNY6,000 for each press conference. Costs for public participation activities during operation be covered by the IA. In addition, the established feedback mechanisms ensure timely feedback and measures to address any concerns raised by the project affected communities.



Table 4-6: Public Consultation Program and Implementation Status (as of 31 Dec 2018)

Organizer Approach and/or Times Subjects Participants Implementation

status during this reporting period

1. Project Preparation PMO, IAs, Design Institutes, EIA institutes, county and district EPBs

EIA public opinion surveys: once for each subproject Socioeconomic and AP surveys Public consultation meeting and questionnaire: once for overall project Site visits: at least twice per year

Priority, design, environmental benefits and impacts, social benefits and impacts, mitigation measures, attitudes toward subproject project, and suggestions

PMO, IAs, Design Institutes, EIA institutes, country and district EPBs, other regional, municipal, county and district government stakeholders, community representatives

Fulfilled.

2. Construction PMO, IAs, EMC, IEMs

Public consultation and site visits: at least once a year

Adjusting mitigation measures if necessary, construction impacts, comments and suggestions

Residents within construction area

Being fulfilled.

Public information session: at least once a year

Adjusting mitigation measures if necessary, construction impacts, comments and suggestions

Representatives of residents and social sectors

Being fulfilled.

3. Test Operation

PMO, IAs, EMC, IEMs

Questionnaire survey: at least once during test operation Site visits: multiple, depending on results of project completion environmental audit

Comments and suggestions on operational impacts, public suggestions on corrective actions

Local residents and social sectors, county and district EPBs

Not yet due.

4. Operation

PMO, IAs Site visits: once every 6 months by IEMs and PMO

Irrigation system operational performance, informal interviews with local residents

Farm manager, local residents adjacent to farms

Not yet due.



Organizer Approach and/or Times Subjects Participants Implementation status during this reporting period

Expert workshop or press conference: as needed based on public consultation and workshop

Expert comments and suggestions on corrective measures

Experts from residents, social sectors, media

AP = affected person, EIA = environmental impact assessment, EMC = environmental management consultant, EPB = environmental protection bureau, IEM = independent environmental monitor, IA = implementing agency, PMO = project management office, NEPD = Ningxia Environmental Protection Department. Source(s): Domestic EIAs, and consultations with PMO, NEPD, county and district EPBs, and IAs.

4.6 Grievance Redress Mechanism 59. Public participation, consultation and information disclosure undertaken as part of

the local EIA process, assessment, and development of resettlement plans; and consultations undertaken by the project consultants have discussed and addressed major community concerns. Continue public participation and consultation has been emphasized as a key component of successful project implementation. As a result of this public participation and safeguard assessment during the initial stages of the project, major issues of grievance are not expected. However, unforeseen issues may occur. In order to settle such issues effectively, an effective and transparent channel for lodging complaints and grievances has been established.

60. In the event of a grievance issue, the basic stages established for redress are outlined below and depicted (which was translated into Chinese and distributed by the EA to residents in the project). Note that Steps 1-5 are for the project construction phase, and steps 2-5 are for the project operation phase.

(i) Stage 1. If a concern arises during construction or operation of the project, the affected person tries to resolve the issue of concern directly with the contractor project manager (i.e. the superintendent overseeing the works). If successful, no further follow-up is required. (ii) Stage 2. If not successful, the affected person can submit an oral or written petition/complaint to the village committee. 12 For an oral complaint, the village committee must make written records properly. The village committee must give a clear reply within 2 weeks. The IEM assist the village committee in replying to the affected person. Village committees are not part of the formal project structure, but provide an obvious first line of support for an affected resident in a village. The village committees represent the government at the community-level and provide the link to the county-level agencies, which in turn link to the IAs, and respectively higher levels, as required. (iii) Stage 3. If the affected person is not satisfied with the reply in Stage 2, he/she can appeal to the township government after receiving the reply in Stage 1 and the township government must give a clear reply within 2 weeks. The IEM assist the

12 In the project cities/counties, the village committees are aware of their responsibilities and regulatory procedures.



township government in replying to the affected person. (iv) Stage 4. If the affected person is still not satisfied with the reply of township government, he/she can appeal to the IA. The IA, through the PMO and PIOs, must inform the ADB project officer as soon as the complaint is recorded, by submitting relevant documents. The IA, through the EMU established in the IA, must prepare a clear reply in consultation with the EPB, EMC, and IEM, and give it to the affected person within 30 days. (v) Stage 5. If the affected person is still not satisfied with the reply of the IA, he/she can appeal to the PMO after receiving the reply of Stage 4. The PMO must report to ADB as soon as the complaint is recorded by submitting relevant documents, and prepare a clear reply in consultation with the EMUs, EMC, IEMs, and ADB. The PMO must give the reply to the affected person within 30 days. The PMO assess the situation, contact the affected person and Government project counterparts, and design and implement the course of actions. The ADB project team be kept informed of progress by the PMO and provide advice as necessary. (vi) Note. The EA and PMO ensure that clear lines of communication are identified for each responsible agency in the GRM, including the PIOs, IAs, village committees, and contractors. These lines of communication include: (a) the names of specific contact personnel in each agency; (b) contact work telephone numbers for these personnel and their office; (c) if available, contact fax numbers and/or email addresses. Contact names and details for each agency be presented in Chinese language, prior to the distribution of this below figure as a project poster among communities in the project sites. Both the EA and PMO each designate a specific contact person in their respective agencies, who be responsible for collecting, documenting, and tracking any complaints received through the PIOs, IAs, village or township committees, or work contractors, and for ensuring that any affected persons are responded to in a timely fashion.



Figure : Summary of Grievance Redress Mechanism for Project Construction and

Operation

4.7 Reporting and Supervision 61. Monthly construction reports. During the construction, land preparation and planting

period, contractors submit monthly construction reports to the IAs. The reports summarize: (i) environmental issues during construction, land preparation and planting; (ii) mitigation measures taken, if any; and (iii) consequences of the impacts on the environment and/or surrounding communities.



62. The contractors be trained to take immediate actions to remedy unexpected adverse impacts or ineffective or inefficient mitigation measures, as required by the EMP. IAs also respond to these reports in order to ensure that the contractors have taken appropriate and timely action. Additional measures may be taken, if needed, to ensure that all issues raised by the reports are appropriately addressed.

63. The reported environmental issues, mitigation measures, and the impacts be reported to the PMO quarterly, and NEPD and county and district EPBs semi-annually, then ADB annually. NEPD, county and district EPBs and ADB may request that further environmental mitigation actions be taken, as they deem necessary, and may determine further mitigation measures for different stages, if necessary.

64. Monitoring reports. On behalf of the IAs, the local EPBs delegate monitoring to the local EMSs. The EMSs conduct regular and random environmental monitoring activities before, during, and after construction, land preparation and planting, as well as in the event of emergencies, according to the PRC environmental regulations. The monitoring reports include: (i) project background, (ii) construction, land preparation and planting and operation activities, (iii) environmental conditions, (iv) measurement or sampling taken during auditing and their locations, (v) analytical results, (vi) interpretation and implication of the monitoring results, (vii) determination of the status with regard to applicable regulations and standards, and (viii) recommendations for improvement. These reports be submitted to the IAs which forward those to NEPD, county and district EPBs, and the PMO.

65. Independent environmental monitoring reports. IEMs submit independent environmental monitoring reports on an annual basis to IAs which forward those to the PMO, NEPD, county and district EPBs, and ADB. The reports emphasize: (i) progress made in implementing the EMP, (ii) implementation of mitigation measures, (iii) environmental compliance, (iv) institutional strengthening and training, (v) public consultations, and (vi) problems and corrective actions taken, including any complaints (number, type/kind, issues, resolution) sent to the GRM.

66. Quarterly project progress reports and project completion report. Based on the monthly construction reports, project monitoring and audit reports, and independent environmental monitoring reports submitted to the PMO, the PMO, with assistance from the EMC, report to ADB on a quarterly basis the progress of the EMP, information on project implementation, and the environmental performance of the contractors, through quarterly project progress reports. Any complaints received under the GRM should be reported in the quarterly project progress reports and annual environmental monitoring reports submitted to ADB. In addition, within 3 months of physical completion of the project, the PMO submit to ADB a project completion report that describes the achievements in relation to the project's expected impact, outcome, and outputs including environmental terms. ADB may request that further environmental mitigation actions be taken, as they deem necessary, and may determine further mitigation measures for different stages, if necessary.

67. The environmental reporting plan is presented in Table 4-7.



Table 4-7: Environmental Reporting Plan and Implementation Status (as of 31 Dec 2018)

Reports From To Frequency Implementation status during this reporting period

Construction, land preparation and planting reports

Contractors IAs Monthly Being fulfilled

Project monitoring reports

EMSs IAs (forwarded to PMO, NEPD, and county and district EPBs)

As per the PRC regulation

Being fulfilled

Independent environmental monitoring reports

IEMs IAs (forwarded to PMO, NEPD, and county and district EPBs) and ADB

Annual Being fulfilled

Quarterly Project Progress Reports and Project Completion Report

PMO, EMC

ADB

Quarterly and within 3 months of physical completion of the project

Being fulfilled

ADB = Asian Development Bank, EMC = environmental management consultant, EPB = environmental protection bureau, EMS = environmental monitoring station at city or county level, IEM = independent environmental monitor, IA = implementing agency, NEPD = Ningxia Environmental Protection Department, PMO = project management office, PRC = People‘s Republic of China-. Source(s): Domestic EIAs, and consultations with the EPBs, IAs, NEPD, and PMO.



Note: The following environmental related reports were prepared for the Project in this reporting period (as shown in the table below): Environmental Protection Operation And Supervision Plan/Manuals, by contractors Environmental supervision monthly reports, by the CSCs; The second semi-annual EMR, by the LIEC. Summary of the Completed Environmental Related Reports during this Reporting Period (as of 31 December 2018) No. Environmental Reports and preparer Reporting Period Prepared in/on Submitted in/on Semi-annual EMR 1 The second semi-annual EMR by the loan implementation environmental

monitoring consultant 1 July 2014 to 31 December 2018

Jan 2019 31 Jan 2019

IA’s OHSE documents 2 Three IAs’ monthly reports Nov 2018 14 Dec 2018 Dec 2018 3 Tongxin sample civil works contract’s OHSE clauses (TX-W-N-2018002

reservoir) Contract negotiation stage N/A Oct 2018

Contractors’ site specific EMP, soil erosion prevention plan, safety/occupational/health management plans 4 YC-WN-2018001 Binggou water saving and ecological agricultural

demonstration zone bid 1: Pumping station and reservoir engineering (dust control plan, traffic management plan, safety check management guidelines, fire prevention guidelines, PPE dissemination records, summary of EMP implementation expenses incurred)

Commencement of construction period

May 2018 Dec 2018

5 YC-WN-2018002 Pump station and reservoir engineering (semi-underground) (bid 2) (dust control plan, traffic management plan, safety check management guidelines, fire prevention equipment dissemination records, PPE dissemination records, summary of EMP implementation expenses incurred)


May 2018 Dec 2018

6 YC-WN-2018004 Main water transmission pipelines - bid 1 (dust control plan, safety check management guidelines, fire prevention equipment management guidelines, fire prevention management guidelines, summary of EMP implementation expenses incurred)


May 2018 Dec 2018

7 YC-WN-2018005 Main water transmission pipelines - bid 2 (dust control plan, safety check management guidelines, fire prevention equipment management guidelines, fire prevention management guidelines, summary of EMP implementation expenses incurred)


May 2018 Dec 2018

8 YC-WN-2018014 Land fertilizing and consolidation (dust control plan, safety check management guidelines, fire prevention equipment management guidelines, fire prevention management guidelines, summary of EMP implementation expenses incurred, earth and stone balance)


May 2018 Dec 2018

9 YC-WN-2018019 Operation road and loop road (bid 1) (dust control plan, traffic management plan, safety check management guidelines, , fire prevention management guidelines, PPE dissemination


May 2018 Dec 2018



No. Environmental Reports and preparer Reporting Period Prepared in/on Submitted in/on records, summary of EMP implementation expenses incurred, earth and stone balance)

Contractors’ Emergency preparedness plan 10 YC-WN-2018001 Binggou water saving and ecological agricultural

demonstration zone bid 1: Pumping station and reservoir engineering (for pipeline breakage)


N/A Dec 2018

11 YC-WN-2018002 Pump station and reservoir engineering (semi-underground) (bid 2) (for pipeline breakage)


N/A Dec 2018

12 YC-WN-2018004 Main water transmission pipelines - bid 1 (for machinery injury)


N/A Dec 2018

13 YC-WN-2018005 Main water transmission pipelines - bid 2 (for machinery injury)


N/A Dec 2018

14 YC-WN-2018014 Land fertilizing and consolidation (for pipeline breakage)


N/A Dec 2018

15 YC-WN-2018019 Operation road and loop road (bid 1) (emergency preparedness plan)


N/A Dec 2018

Contractors’ environmental/safety/occupational health training, public consultation records 16 YC-WN-2018001 Binggou water saving and ecological agricultural

demonstration zone bid 1: Pumping station and reservoir engineering (safety education guidelines, public consultation records)

During construction period, as required

N/A Dec 2018

17 YC-WN-2018002 Pump station and reservoir engineering (semi-underground) (bid 2) (safety training records, public consultation records)


N/A Dec 2018

18 YC-WN-2018004 Main water transmission pipelines - bid 1 (safety education guidelines, safety training records, public consultation records)


N/A Dec 2018

19 YC-WN-2018005 Main water transmission pipelines - bid 2 (safety education guidelines, safety training records, public consultation records)


N/A Dec 2018

20 YC-WN-2018014 Land fertilizing and consolidation (safety education guidelines, safety training records, public consultation records)


N/A Dec 2018

21 YC-WN-2018019 Operation road and loop road (bid 1) (safety education guidelines, safety training records, public consultation records)


N/A Dec 2018

CSCs or contractors’ Environmental supervision monthly reports (representative) 22 YC-WN-2018001 Binggou water saving and ecological agricultural

demonstration zone bid 1: Pumping station and reservoir engineering Sept 2018 Oct 2018 Nov 2018

25 Sept 2018 25 Oct 2018 25 Nov 2018

25 Sept 2018 25 Oct 2018 25 Nov 2018

23 YC-WN-2018002 Pump station and reservoir engineering (semi-underground) (bid 2)

Sept 2018 Oct 2018 Nov 2018

25 Sept 2018 25 Oct 2018 25 Nov 2018

25 Sept 2018 25 Oct 2018 25 Nov 2018



No. Environmental Reports and preparer Reporting Period Prepared in/on Submitted in/on 24 YC-WN-2018004 Main water transmission pipelines - bid 1 Sept 2018

Oct 2018 Nov 2018

25 Sept 2018 25 Oct 2018 25 Nov 2018

25 Sept 2018 25 Oct 2018 25 Nov 2018

25 YC-WN-2018005 Main water transmission pipelines - bid 2 Sept 2018 Oct 2018 Nov 2018

25 Sept 2018 25 Oct 2018 25 Nov 2018

25 Sept 2018 25 Oct 2018 25 Nov 2018

26 YC-WN-2018014 Land fertilizing and consolidation Sept 2018 Oct 2018 Nov 2018

25 Sept 2018 25 Oct 2018 25 Nov 2018

25 Sept 2018 25 Oct 2018 25 Nov 2018

27 YC-WN-2018019 Operation road and loop road (bid 1) Sept 2018 Oct 2018 Nov 2018

25 Sept 2018 25 Oct 2018 25 Nov 2018

25 Sept 2018 25 Oct 2018 25 Nov 2018



5 Conclusions and Recommendations 68. From the view of environmental and ecological protection, overall project

implementation situation is good. Throughout the project implementation area, the environment condition is quite well, especially the ambient air quality is good. And there is no serious environmental pollution incidents, no pollutants put into the surrounding area, no large amounts of solid wastes from the construction site or improper handling operation, no obvious environmental deterioration in appearance.

69. Some monitoring forms submitted by project implementation agencies to the project management office are still not complete, especially some blank cells written by using monitoring data is not easy to measure and monitor. However, it does not seriously distorted and/or affect the monitoring results.

5.1 Key issues 70. It is important to maintain compliance throughout the entire project implementation

including trial-operational stage. The aforementioned individual environmental consultant visited the project sites in November 2018; reviewed the EMP implementation status through 2014-2018 and found overall compliance with the updated EMP requirements; and advised that disturbance to original site ecology be minimized where possible and stringent construction site management be implemented to avoid any adverse impact to the Great Wall of Wuhudun; also reminded the PIOs of the potential environmental impacts from the associated facilities - vineyard and grape processing facilities (e.g. in Hongsipu)－ which have wastewater implications. The PIOs reported that wastewater collection and treatment facilities were under construction. The individual environmental consultant collect relevant information from the PIOs and document such compliance status in future EMRs to ADB. Besides, the PMO/PIOs confirmed that no environmental complaint or grievance has been received so far.

5.2 Suggestions 71. Project Management Office recheck all monitoring forms; urge subproject

implementation agencies which has submitted incomplete monitoring form and monitoring personnel who were not complete their monitoring tasks responsibly to replenish blank and/or wrong cell. If the monitoring personnel of the implementation agency are not competent for monitoring duty, the PMO under assistance from the LIEC will take some technical trainings of capacity building for promoting the monitoring ability and standard of whole project monitoring team.

List of Appendices Appendix 1 Satellite maps and photos Appendix 2 Vegetation status in Ningxia(related to the Project Area) Appendix 3 Soil status in rural Ningxia (related to the Project Area) 88 Appendix 4 Climate in the Project Area Appendix 5 Environment Quality in the Project Area



Appendix 1 Satellite maps and photos Satellite maps -Qukou farm (new vineyard, 180 ha, [email protected],E105.840406), completed in 2014

9 May 2010 prior to project appraisal 12 Feb 2013 at implementation

10 Jul 2015 at component completion 2 May 2018 at operation

Note: Based on Google Earth Pro 2019

mailto:[email protected],E105.840406



Satellite maps -Yuquanying farm (vineyard rehabilitated),133 ha completed in 2014 (centered@ N38.2663103, E105.99929,2977)

15 Sept. 2012 prior to project appraisal 5 Oct 2014 at implementation

10 Jul 2015 at component completion 28 Mar 2018 at operation




Satellite maps - Lianhu Part farm (vineyard rehabilitated):156.5 ha completed in 2014 ([email protected],E105.9815487)

12 Feb 2013 prior to project appraisal 22 Apr 2014 at implementation

10 Jul 2015 at component completion 23 Sept 2018 at operation




Satellite maps - Xiaojiayao farm of Hongsipu (new vineyard, 333.3 ha): completed in 2014 ( centered@ N37.3327495,E106.1473305)

2012 prior to project appraisal (not available) 13 Apr 2013 at implementation

7 Dec 2013 at component completion 29 May 2016 at operation




Site photos in Oct 2018 (taken by the LIEC)

Vineyard established

Existing reservoir Roads to be rehabilitated under ADB loan funds



Satellite maps – Wangdatao village at Tongxin dates site 1 (The two sites’ total Chinese dates orchards (666.7 ha) had been completed using government funds in 2013, centered@ N36.9426269,E105.8182431)

5 Oct 2012 prior to project appraisal 8 Mar 2013 at implementation

24 Sept 2014 at component completion 28 Sept 2018 at operation




Satellite maps – Yujialiang village at Tongxin dates site 2 (The two sites’ total Chinese dates orchards (666.7 ha) had been completed using government funds in 2013, centered@ N36.9815346,E106.0184053)

8 Apr 2011 prior to project appraisal 8 Mar 2013 at implementation

24 Sept 2014 at component completion 28 Sept 2018 at operation




Satellite maps – Binggou (modern agriculture demonstration construction started in 2018, E106°34′3″~106°36′27″ / N38°23′14″~38°25′58″)

30 Jul 2015 prior to project mid-term review 11 Mar 2018 at implementation, prior to construction

15 May 2018 during construction Note: Based on Google Earth Pro 2019



Site photos in Oct 2018(taken by the LIEC)

Onsite project management office put into operation August 2018 Reservoir under construction

Administration center under construction Irrigation water transmission line under construction



Satellite maps – Wuhudun (shelterbelt only, construction not yet started in 2018, E106°27′17″~106°28′8″ / N38°19′37″~38°21′15″)

10 Sept 2017 prior to project mid-term review 11 Mar 2018 at implementation, prior to construction





Wuhudun site East to the Ming Dynasty’s Great wall

East to the Ming Dynasty’s Great wall with fence Land cover vegetation status



Satellite maps – Ma’anshan (modern agriculture demonstration construction not yet started in 2018, E106°22′45″~106°24′24″ / N38°09′)

10 Sept 2017 prior to project mid-term review 11 Mar 2018 at implementation, prior to construction





Onsite project management office Existing reservoir

Existing farmland reclaimed under other domestic project Existing landcover vegetation status



Satellite maps – Tongxin (yellowhorn planting construction not yet started in 2018, E106°22′45″~106°24′24″ / N38°09′)

1 Mar 2017 prior to project mid-term review 15 Jan 2018 at implementation, prior to construction

28 Sept. 2018 , prior to construction Note: Based on Google Earth Pro 2019




Existing reservoir Proposed site

Proposed site Surrounding farming status



Appendix 2 Reference: Vegetation status in Ningxia (related to the Project Area) Reference: Monitoring vegetation dynamics during the growing season in Ningxia based on MOD13Q1 data [ZHAO Zhuowen, ZHANG Lianpeng, LI Xing, et al. 2017. Monitoring vegetation dynamics during the growing season in Ningxia based on MOD13Q1 data[J]. Progress In Geography, 36 (6): 741- 752. ] Abstract: In order to ascertain the dynamics of vegetation and its impacting factors in the period of 2000-2014, based on MOD13Q1, the DEM data, and the land use classification map, this study analyzed the characteristics of the spatiotemporal distribution and future trends of the administrative areas of Ningxia Autonomous Region at different altitudes and slopes, as well as with different types of vegetation, using the Sen + Mann-Kendall nonparametric test, the Hurst index, and other methods. Based on the center of gravity migration model and transition matrix, this study analyzed the temporal change of vegetation patterns from 2000 to 2014. The results are as follows: (1) NDVI values were high in the north and the south, but low in the central area, due to its arid condition; NDVI values were significantly positively correlated with elevation and slope. (2) The transition matrix of vegetation coverage shows that the percentage of area of higher vegetation grew from 17.29% in 2000 to 31.55% in 2014, which was mainly developed from lower vegetation coverage in the beginning of the period. (3) The center of gravity migration direction indicates that moderate and higher vegetation cover centers moved: the moderate vegetation cover center migrated toward the northeast by 129.49 km, and the higher vegetation cover center migrated toward the southeast by 89.49 km. (4) The trends of NDVI show that overall, NDVI of Ningxia improved from 2000 to 2014. The area where the values of NDVI significantly increased accounted for 59.63% of the total area, while the slightly improved area accounted for 31.72% of the total. The significantly improved area of woodland and paddy accounted for 71.50% and 70.80% of the total woodland and paddy areas. The significantly improved area of NDVI firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of elevation and slope. The area in the south with increased NDVI was larger than that in the north. (5) The trend of NDVI change indicates that vegetation restoration in Ningxia is sustained—89.24% of the vegetation-covered area continued to show an improving trend, while 5.7% continued to decrease, which was mainly in the Yellow River irrigated district. The areas in southern Ningxia where NDVI presented a positive sustained development was greater than that in the north. Key maps:



Fig.1 Land use classification map (a) and spatial distribution pattern of NDVI in

Ningxia(b), 2000-2014

Fig.3 Change of NDVI for different land cover types during the growing season, 2000-

2014

Fig.4 Trend of vegetation change in Ningxia during 2000-2014(a), Hurst index of vegetation in Ningxia(b) Future trend of vegetation cover change in Ningxia (c)



Fig.9 Distribution and variation of NDVI with different administrative areas in

Ningxia, 2000-2014

Yinchua

Qukou farm

Lianhu part

Yuquanying farm

Hongsip

Tongxin



Appendix 3 Reference: Soil status in rural Ningxia (related to the Project Area)

Reference: Quality of Soil Environment in Ningxia Rural Areas and Assessment MA Juan(Environmental Monitoring Center Station of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region，Yinchuan，Ningxia 750002) Abstract: Through soil survey and monitoring of 25 representative villages in Ningxia which involves planting ， breeding ， tourism ， ecology and SO on ， with Soil Environment Quality Standard(GBl5618-1995)as the evaluation basis ， soil environmental quality was evaluated．Among 125 soil monitoring sites，cadmium，

mercury，arsenic，lead，chromium five project all reached the secondary standard，the comprehensive pollution index was less than 0．7．the soil pollution level was I belonging to cleanness safety level．the content was equivalent with background value of the element， indicating that Ningxia rural soil environmental quality is in good condition，not subjected to heavy metal pollution，soil environmental quality in the rural area is safe．



Appendix 4 Reference: Climate in in Ningxia (related to the Project Area) Reference paper: The Thirteen Five Year Plan to Address Climate Change in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(Revised)13-extracted Issued by Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Development and Reform Commission, on September 30, 2018 Section 1 of Chapter 1: The impact of global climate change on Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region …In the context of global climate change, Ningxia is also experiencing quietly climate change, and the impact on the region's economic and social development are becoming increasingly evident. -Temperatures generally increased. Since 1961, the region's average temperature increased by 1.6 to 2.9℃. Remarkably, merely from 2001 to 2015 the region's annual average temperature increased by 1.1℃. From the geographical distribution, the most significant temperature rise in irrigated areas, increased by 2.2℃. Heating in central arid zone and southern mountainous areas were 2.1℃ and 1.8℃. In 2015, Yongning County has history of extreme temperature which reached 39.5℃ since meteorological records were available. -Precipitation decreased significantly. Since 1961, the region's precipitation decreased, and the north-south distribution is extremely uneven. The 50-years average annual precipitation fell by 28.6 mm, ie, an average reduction of 5.7 mm per 10 years; the average annual precipitation in the southern mountainous area is 484 mm and 292 mm for the central arid zone, when the irrigated area in the north is only 179 mm, which were reduced by 53.7 mm, 41.5 mm, 12.2 mm. -Increased sunshine hours. For over 50 years, the average annual sunshine were 2,711 hours, showing a slight increase in the overall trend. From space distribution, the north-south sunshine trends change differently, 50 hours of sunshine in northern mid-irrigated areas reduced by 47.5 hours, 41.5 hours reduced in the central arid zone, and southern mountainous area increased by 74.5 hours. -Increase the impact on agriculture. Climate change caused instability in crop yields, decreased quality, increased pests and diseases, increased agricultural production costs. Winter wheat moved north, wolfberry expanded south, grape varieties diversification grew and the proportion of late-maturing varieties gradually increased. Global warming makes the thermophilic crops such as corn, rice yields increased; and climate guaranteed rate of double cropping in the irrigated area improved. Hi cool wheat and potato crops have cut trend. At the same time, rising temperatures decreases air humidity, increases agricultural water consumption, so the water shortage is even more severe. -Frequent extreme weather events. Rising temperatures and less rainfall accompanied with frequent occurrence of extreme weather events. Over the past 50 years frequency of drought increased, spring drought and autumn drought in the southern mountain area have aggravated the trend. The frequency and involved areas have rising trend especially in spring, summer, autumn drought occurred after 2000, triggered a more urban and rural drinking water shortage, resulting in soil erosion of central and southern

13 http://www.nxdrc.gov.cn/info/1036/20354.htm

http://www.nxdrc.gov.cn/info/1036/20354.htm



area, grassland degradation, increased the vulnerability of the ecological environment. Dust storms, frost, super wind, cold, freezing rain and snow, fog and haze-prone, have affected traffic, transport, power, tourism and other industries. -Increase in adverse effects on human health. Climate change, particularly high temperatures, leads to increased morbidity and mortality in the population. The threat of chronic disease deaths due to temperature increases, the incidence of the region’s infant hand-foot-mouth disease increased; so were elderly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular and respiratory systems, resulting in adverse effects on human health and life expectancy… Section 2 of Chapter 1: Status of work in the Twelve Five Year Plan… - Carbon reduction achieved significant results.... a substantial increase in water use efficiency. Water consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 39.3%. The cumulative in water consumption per unit of industrial added value has declined by 30.67%.... - Forests and other carbon sinks continued to increase. Relying on national key ecological forestry projects such as the three-north shelterbelt, restoring farmland to forest, natural forest protection, grazing prohibition, anti-desertification, wetland conservation, reforestation, afforestation and other ecological projects were in-depth implemented. The region's forest coverage rate increased from 11.9% in 2010 to 12.6% in 2015, the forest stock volume reached 8.24 million cubic meters, greening rate of urban built-up area more than 36%, wetlands area 3.10 million hectares….. Section 3 of Chapter 2: Main Goals

By 2020, the main objective is to address climate change:... - Carbon sinks further enhanced. New afforestation area of 5 million hectares and forest stock volume reach 9.95 million cubic meters, forest coverage to 15.8%. - To further improve the efficiency of water use. Irrigation water effective utilization ratio to increase to 0.53, per yuan GDP water consumption decrease by 25% compared to 2015, water consumption per yuan industrial added value down by 18% compared with 2015....

key Indicators in the Thirteen Five Year Plan (Extracted)

No. Indicators Unit 2015 2020 Remarks

Carbon sinks Forest coverage rate % 12.63 15.8 Anticipatory

Forest stock volume Ten thousand cubic meters 835 995 Anticipatory

Water resource management

Ten thousand yuan GDP water consumption

cubic meter/Ten thousand yuan 260 180 Binding

Agricultural irrigation water effective utilization ratio % 0.50 >0.53 Anticipatory

Per yuan industrial added value of water m3 44 37 Anticipatory

Surface water at or better than Class III % 66.7 73.3 Binding

Ecological environment

Rehabilitated desertification and desertified land area mu 250 450 Anticipatory

The number of days in urban air quality reaching Class II in municipal level cities

% 74 > 78 Binding

Note: the data in [] means the cumulative number of 5 years…



Appendix 5 Reference: Environment Quality in Ningxia (related to the Project Area)14 1. Surface water. In 2017, monitoring results at six state-controlled sections of the Yellow River in Ningxia reached GradeⅡwhich is excellent quality, the overall water quality improved. The water quality of the 9 tributaries of the Yellow River was generally mildly polluted; the water quality of the 8 important lakes along the Yellow River was generally mildly polluted; ...; the water quality of the 13 main yellow-storage ditches was generally heavy.

Comparison of water quality classes in different sections of Ningxia section of the Yellow River Section name Section function Applicable

classes15 Water Quality Water quality-

year change 2017 2016 Zhongwei Ningxia- Gansu provincial

boundary Class II Class II Class II No significant

changes Jingshawan Wuzhong City- Zhongwei

City boundary Class II Class II Class II No significant

changes Yesheng highway bridge

Wuzhong City- Yinchuan City boundary

Class II Class II Class II No significant changes

Yingu highway bridge

Yellow River water quality Class II Class II Class II No significant changes

Pingluo Yellow River Bridge

Yinchuan City- Shizuishan City boundary

Class III Class II Class III Has improved

Mahuanggou Ningxia- Inner Mongolia provincial boundary

Class III Class II Class III Has improved

2. Ambient air quality. In 2017, the proportion of average fine air quality in five prefecture-level cities in the region was 76.4%, up 1.2 percentage points year-on-year; the average concentration of 6 air pollutants monitored was 3 ups and 3 drops, and the average concentration of inhalable particulate matter (PM10) increased by 2.9 year-on-year. The average concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) decreased by 8.7 percentage points year-on-year; the average concentration of sulfur dioxide (SO2) decreased by 21.4 percentage points year-on-year; the average concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) increased by 14.3 percentage points year-on-year; the average concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) year-on-year decline was 5.3 percentage points; the average concentration of ozone (O3) increased by 8.5 percentage points year-on-year. The main pollutants affecting the ambient air quality of the whole district (5 cities) are inhalable particulate matter, ozone, fine particulate matter and sulfur dioxide. The fine weather in Yinchuan City and Zhongwei City decreased by 15 days and 8 days respectively, and the fine weather in Shizuishan City, Wuzhong City and Guyuan City increased by 18 days, 12 days and 10 days respectively.

14 2017 Annual Environmental Statement in Ningxia, http://www.nxep.gov.cn/info/2796/101489.htm. The 2018 Annual Environmental Statement in Ningxia has not yet issued. 15 In China, water quality is broken into five categories described as ‘good’ (Grades I, II, and III) or ‘poor’ (Grades IV and V or V+, which cannot support drinking). Grades represent official water quality classifications based on China's Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard as reported by the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China.

http://www.nxep.gov.cn/info/2796/101489.htm



2017 Environmental Air Quality Excellent Days Statistics units: day City Number of days

of effective monitoring

Excellent days number (Class II

or better)

Percentage of excellent days (%)

Annual change

Class I Class II

Yinchuan 365 237 64.9 -15 9 228 Shizuishan 365 254 69.6 18 4 250 Wuzhong 365 292 80.0 12 28 264 Guyuan 365 330 90.4 10 41 289 Zhongwei 365 281 77.0 8 38 243 The whole region 365 279 76.4 4 24 255

Note: As the new standard of measurement for air quality, AQI is a quantitative description of the air quality index. The major pollutants involved in the analysis including fine particulate matter (PM2.5), inhalable particles (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO).According to “Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality Index (on trial)” (HJ633-2012), AQI is divided into six levels in total, with Level one being the best and Level six being the worst.

3. Precipitation. In 2017, the region collected 204 precipitation samples, which PH distribution ranged 6.47-8.57, at a mean of 7.35, so the year did not appear the phenomenon of acid rain. 4. Dust weather. In 2017, due to the weather process such as the strong cold air entering the northwest (cold front transit), there were 7 sand and dust weather processes in the whole district. Among them, the secondary dust weather (Yangsha) and the third-grade sandstorm weather (sand storm) are three times: four grades of sand and dust weather (strong sandstorm). The five prefecture-level cities in the region are affected to varying degrees. Compared with the previous year, the first sandstorm

AQI Air Quality Health Implications 0–50 Excellent No air pollution. 51–100 Good Few hypersensitive individuals should reduce the time for outdoor activities. 101–150 Minor

pollution Slight irritations may occur, children, and those who with breathing or heart problems should reduce outdoor exercise.

201–300 Heavily Polluted

Healthy people will be noticeably affected. People with breathing or heart problems will lack exercise tolerance. Those patients, children and elders should remain indoors.

300+ Severely Polluted

Even healthy people will lack endurance during activities. There may be strong irritations and symptoms. So all people should avoid outdoor activities.



weather occurred 25 days earlier, and the frequency of occurrence decreased, but the pollution intensity and damage degree were enhanced. 5. Rural ambient air. The Ningxia National Regional (Rural) Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station is located in Liangfanchang, Biandangou Town, Wuzhong City. In the year of 2017, the effective monitoring days of Liangfanchang's ambient air was 356 days. According to the “Environmental Air Quality Standards” (GB3095-2012), the number of days in which Liangliangchang's ambient air reached the standard (excellent) was 296 days, and the proportion of days reached was 83.1%. The proportion of mild, moderate, and severely polluted days accounted for 10.4% (37 days), 2.0% (7 days), and 4.5% (16 days) respectively. The main pollutants affecting air quality were PM10. NO2, as the primary pollutants accounted for 96.7% (58 days) and 3.3% (2 days). 6. Rural environmental quality. In 2017, 30 rural village environmental quality pilot villages were monitored, and the monitoring results showed that the overall environmental quality of rural areas remained stable. The proportion of ambient air quality compliance days (good days) in 30 pilot villages was 70.0%, the primary pollutants were PM10; the ambient air SO2 compliance rate was 100%, the N02 compliance rate was 99.3%, and the PM10 compliance rate was 86 7%. Affected by regional hydrogeological factors, monitoring items such as total hardness, manganese, sulfate, and fluoride in drinking water sources in some villages exceeded the standard. The water quality of surface water bodies around the pilot villages is between Class III and Class V, which can basically meet the irrigation water requirements of farmland. The soil pollution level of each pilot village is graded and is a clean (safe) level.

(This page is intentionally left blank)

ningxia irrigated agriculture and water conservation ... · teiar – tabular environmental impact...

Documents