nikhef sac 8 july 2019 pdf · 2019. 7. 8. · parul aggarwal phd artem zapara phd hidde makaske msc...

ELECTRON-EDMSteven Hoekstra electron-EDM program leader Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity University of Groningen

LOW-ENERGY PRECISION MEASUREMENTS

faculty of mathematics and natural sciences

van swinderen institute forparticle physics and gravity

faculty of mathematics and natural sciences

van swinderen institute forparticle physics and gravity

NL-eEDMMeasuring the electron-EDM with BaF molecules

Scientific staff:Anastasia Borschevsky Rick Bethlem Steven Hoekstra Klaus Jungmann Rob Timmermans Wim Ubachs Lorenz Willmann

PhD students:Parul Aggarwal Alexander Boeschoten Kevin Esajas Pi Haase Yongliang Hao Virginia Marshall Thomas Meijknecht Maarten Mooij Anno Touwen Artem Zapara

PostdocsMalika Denis Yanning Yin

Dutch National Institute for (astro)Particle Physics

Master students:Hidde Makaske Sander Vermeulen Kees Steinebach Mark Buisman Rutger Hof Paul Hofland

Bachelor students:Mairéad O’Shea Scanlan Attie Hendriks Jente Joosten Richard Borchers Marit Fiechter

The Electric Dipole Moment of the electron (eEDM)Is the electron round?

an eEDM violates time-reversal symmetryfigure reference: Nature 553, 144 (2018)

Future perspective

This proposalThO (2018)This proposal

This project BaF

ThO(2014)

YbF(2011)

Tl(2002)

multi-Higgs

left rightsymmetric

extendedtechnicolor

lepton flavour-changing alignment

split SUSY

SO(10)GUT

seesaw neutrino Yukawa couplings

accidentalcancellations

approx.CP

approx.universality

naive SUSY heavyfermions

10 −25 10 −26 10 −27 10 −28 10 −29 10 −30 10 −31 10 −32 10 −33 10 −34 10 −38 10 −39

electron-EDM |de | (e cm)

TheStandard

Model

3 10 30 TeVProbing physics at high energies:

This blue region

is ruled out

Probing new physics with the eEDMThO

(2018)This project

BaF

cryogenic source decelerator state preparation interaction optical detectionlaser coolingguide

operational

significant infrastructure available; modest investment required

new; significant investment

molecular laser cooling

cryogenic sourceand guide

decelerator intensity upgrade

Phase 3: measurementPhase 2: testing and combiningPhase 1: construction

PhD 7

PhD 6,postdoc 1

PhD 5

PhD 4

PhD 3

PhD 2

PhD 1

2017 2019 2021 2023

supersonic beam of BaF,interaction zone design

systematics and simulations

calculation of molecular properties

Spectroscopy of BaF

EDM measurement on an intense, slow and cold BaF beam

EDM measurement

with fast BaF beam

lasercooling of

slow BaF

deceleration of cryogenic

BaF

data collection,analysis

Task Leader Position

4c

4b

4a

3b

3a

2

1

Bethlem

Jungmann

Timmermans

Willmann

Borschevsky

Hoekstra

Ubachs

Task Supervisor Student

High eEDM sensitivity by using intense beam

of slow molecules





PhD 7

PhD 6,postdoc 1

PhD 5

PhD 4

PhD 3

PhD 2

PhD 1

2017 2019 2021 2023




Spectroscopy of BaF


EDM measurement

with fast BaF beam

lasercooling of

slow BaF


BaF



4c

4b

4a

3b

3a

2

1

Bethlem

Jungmann

Timmermans

Willmann

Borschevsky

Hoekstra

Ubachs

Task Supervisor Student

Phase 2a fast beam eEDM

Phase 2b slow and intense beam

OverviewPhase 1

construction





PhD 7

PhD 6,postdoc 1

PhD 5

PhD 4

PhD 3

PhD 2

PhD 1

2017 2019 2021 2023




Spectroscopy of BaF


EDM measurement

with fast BaF beam

lasercooling of

slow BaF


BaF



4c

4b

4a

3b

3a

2

1

Bethlem

Jungmann

Timmermans

Willmann

Borschevsky

Hoekstra

Ubachs

PeopleKevin Esajas PhDMaarten Mooij (VU) PhDRutger Hof MscPaul Hofland (VU) MscYanning Yin PostdocLeo Huisman TechnicanWim Ubachs StaffSteven Hoekstra StaffRick Bethlem Staff

VU source Goal: best BaF source possible Status:

- Reached important milestone: - Two weeks ago first signal of BaF!

RUG source Goal: get quickly operational Status:

- designed, built, operational - SrF: velocity ~150-200 m/s - Reached important milestone:

- production of SrF from metal target

Cryogenic sources (RUG and VU)

Guide Goal: increase #molecules into decelerator Status: will be implemented in september





PhD 7

PhD 6,postdoc 1

PhD 5

PhD 4

PhD 3

PhD 2

PhD 1

2017 2019 2021 2023




Spectroscopy of BaF


EDM measurement

with fast BaF beam

lasercooling of

slow BaF


BaF



4c

4b

4a

3b

3a

2

1

Bethlem

Jungmann

Timmermans

Willmann

Borschevsky

Hoekstra

Ubachs

Decelerator upgrade

PeopleParul Aggarwal PhDArtem Zapara PhDHidde Makaske MscLeo Huisman TechnicianRick Bethlem StaffSteven Hoekstra Staff

Measurement of transformer bandwidth

Decelerator upgradeHigh-voltage upgrade 5 -> 10 kV Goal: 10x more molecules Status: transformer prototype tested, bandwidth in spec: 1.5 kHz to 20 kHz

Phase as a function of frequency

frequency (Hz)

phas

e (d

egre

es)





PhD 7

PhD 6,postdoc 1

PhD 5

PhD 4

PhD 3

PhD 2

PhD 1

2017 2019 2021 2023




Spectroscopy of BaF


EDM measurement

with fast BaF beam

lasercooling of

slow BaF


BaF



4c

4b

4a

3b

3a

2

1

Bethlem

Jungmann

Timmermans

Willmann

Borschevsky

Hoekstra

Ubachs


Re-alignment of the decelerator Goal: fix kink, improve module alignment Status:

- changed direction of decelerator - improved alignment - improved connections - Reached important milestone:

- HV conditioning complete






PhD 7

PhD 6,postdoc 1

PhD 5

PhD 4

PhD 3

PhD 2

PhD 1

2017 2019 2021 2023




Spectroscopy of BaF


EDM measurement

with fast BaF beam

lasercooling of

slow BaF


BaF



4c

4b

4a

3b

3a

2

1

Bethlem

Jungmann

Timmermans

Willmann

Borschevsky

Hoekstra

Ubachs


Re-alignment of the decelerator Goal: fix kink, improve module alignment Status:

- changed direction of decelerator - improved alignment - improved connections - Reached important milestone:

- HV conditioning complete


PhD Thesis defence 24-5-2019





PhD 7

PhD 6,postdoc 1

PhD 5

PhD 4

PhD 3

PhD 2

PhD 1

2017 2019 2021 2023




Spectroscopy of BaF


EDM measurement

with fast BaF beam

lasercooling of

slow BaF


BaF



4c

4b

4a

3b

3a

2

1

Bethlem

Jungmann

Timmermans

Willmann

Borschevsky

Hoekstra

UbachsMethod development for highest accuracy

PeoplePi Haase PhDYongliang Hao PhDDiewertje Douglas MscMalika Denis PostdocAnastasia Borschevsky Staff

0 10 20 30 40 500

1

2

3

4

5

E eff (

GV/

cm)

Applied electric field (kV/cm)

Effective electric field in BaF

X2Σ

A2Π

B2Σ

v=0

A' ∆

X2Σ

A2Π

B2Σ

X2Σ

A2Π

B2Σ

A' ∆

A' ∆

v=0 v=0v=1 v=1v=2 v=1 v=2 v=2

ener

gy (c

m-1)

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

CaF SrF BaF

0.8170.9960.992

0.977 0.981 0.9640.023 0.019 0.034

7.0e-4 4.2e-4 7.7e-4

3.3e-4

2.4e-3

9.0e-6

1.2e-3

2.0e-3

2.6e-5

1.1e-5to v≥3

1.3e-4

to v≥3

to v≥3

1.1e-58.4e-6

1.0e-55.3e-6

Effective electric field in BaF Goal: interpretation of measurement Status: most accurate value determined. Results in 2 papers, with analysis of systematic effects in calculation.

BaF molecular structure Goal: laser cooling, state transfer Status: identified best cooling scheme, paper published in Journal of Chemical Physics

Calculation of molecular properties





PhD 7

PhD 6,postdoc 1

PhD 5

PhD 4

PhD 3

PhD 2

PhD 1

2017 2019 2021 2023




Spectroscopy of BaF


EDM measurement

with fast BaF beam

lasercooling of

slow BaF


BaF



4c

4b

4a

3b

3a

2

1

Bethlem

Jungmann

Timmermans

Willmann

Borschevsky

Hoekstra

UbachsGoal: flexible laser system: state preparation, cooling and molecule detection Status: laser system operational

PeopleVirginia Marshall PhDOliver Böll TechnicianLorenz Willmann Staff

Laser systems





PhD 7

PhD 6,postdoc 1

PhD 5

PhD 4

PhD 3

PhD 2

PhD 1

2017 2019 2021 2023




Spectroscopy of BaF


EDM measurement

with fast BaF beam

lasercooling of

slow BaF


BaF



4c

4b

4a

3b

3a

2

1

Bethlem

Jungmann

Timmermans

Willmann

Borschevsky

Hoekstra

UbachsGoal: create a BaF beam for spectroscopy and fast-beam eEDM Status: supersonic beam operational

- very cold beam ~ 1K - combined with IR excitation and fluorescence detection zone

- spectroscopy of BaF: lifetime measurement of electronic excited state in BaF - paper submitted.

PeopleParul Aggarwal PhDVirginia Marshall PhDSander Vermeulen MscSteven Hoekstra StaffLorenz Willmann Staff

Supersonic beam

2% SF₆ and 98% Ar

PMT

Ba target

Skimmer

AOMTi:Sa

Nd:YAG

0th

Probe laser pulses

Ablation pulse

1st

Even-Lavie valve

BaF beam58 cm





PhD 7

PhD 6,postdoc 1

PhD 5

PhD 4

PhD 3

PhD 2

PhD 1

2017 2019 2021 2023




Spectroscopy of BaF


EDM measurement

with fast BaF beam

lasercooling of

slow BaF


BaF



4c

4b

4a

3b

3a

2

1

Bethlem

Jungmann

Timmermans

Willmann

Borschevsky

Hoekstra

UbachsGoal: create controlled electric (strong) and magnetic (weak) field region Status:

- design of magnetic shield, magnetic field coils and electric field plates finished - delivery of shield, coils and plates expected. Prototype field coil manufactured @ nikhef.

PeopleThomas Meijknecht PhDLeo Huisman TechnicianOliver Böll TechnicianLorenz Willmann StaffKlaus Jungmann Staff

Interaction zone

Magnetic field shielding Prototype field coil

Summary of status: phase 1 completed

status

cryogenic source operational

decelerator upgrade ongoing

molecular properties done

laser systems operational

supersonic beam operational

spectroscopy of BaF done

interaction zone design done





PhD 7

PhD 6,postdoc 1

PhD 5

PhD 4

PhD 3

PhD 2

PhD 1

2017 2019 2021 2023




Spectroscopy of BaF


EDM measurement

with fast BaF beam

lasercooling of

slow BaF


BaF



4c

4b

4a

3b

3a

2

1

Bethlem

Jungmann

Timmermans

Willmann

Borschevsky

Hoekstra

Ubachs

Phase 2: fast beam eEDM and cold slow beam

fast beam eEDMlaser systems Virginia interaction zone Thomassystematics Alexanderdata acquistion Anno

cold slow beamcryogenic source Maarten, Yanningdecelerator Parullaser systems Virginia





PhD 7

PhD 6,postdoc 1

PhD 5

PhD 4

PhD 3

PhD 2

PhD 1

2017 2019 2021 2023




Spectroscopy of BaF


EDM measurement

with fast BaF beam

lasercooling of

slow BaF


BaF



4c

4b

4a

3b

3a

2

1

Bethlem

Jungmann

Timmermans

Willmann

Borschevsky

Hoekstra

Ubachs

now





PhD 7

PhD 6,postdoc 1

PhD 5

PhD 4

PhD 3

PhD 2

PhD 1

2017 2019 2021 2023




Spectroscopy of BaF


EDM measurement

with fast BaF beam

lasercooling of

slow BaF


BaF



4c

4b

4a

3b

3a

2

1

Bethlem

Jungmann

Timmermans

Willmann

Borschevsky

Hoekstra

Ubachs

Cold slow beam

Fast beam eEDM

Goal: 106 molecules/shot

Goal: statistics @ 10-28 level

Proud of the team!

extra material

Meetings: •weekly paper discussion by students •bi-weekly friday eEDM meetings with all involved • separate staff meetings • yearly meeting in september: look back, plan ahead •2017 & 2019: International summerschool ‘Search for

new physics with low-energy precision tests’

Meeting and management structureManaging the program: •decision on major investments: SH, LW, RB •electronic logbook and document sharing

Summer school June 2019

EPJD 72:197 (2018)

Key numbers

Cryogeniccooling

Stark deceleration lasercooling

StatePrep. Coherent Spin precession

5 K 50 mK 150 μK

Ablation

T=1000 K

Apply external fields

10 ns 100 μs 25 ms 3-5 ms 15 ms

Statereadout

N= 1x1013

Guide

20 K

4x109

180 m/s 30 m/s<v>=375 m/s

5x1010 2x106 1,6x106 9x105 7x105

Key numbers

Cryogenic source data June 2019

nikhef sac 8 july 2019 pdf · 2019. 7. 8. · parul aggarwal phd artem zapara phd hidde makaske msc...

Documents