nicolas gutierrez, olaf jensen, michael melnychuk, & suresh sethi with trevor branch and daniel...
TRANSCRIPT
Nicolas Gutierrez, Olaf Jensen, Michael Melnychuk, & Suresh Sethi
with Trevor Branch and Daniel Schindler
UW School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences
The Global Fisheries Crisis: Ecological, Economic, and Social Dimensions
Outline
1. Status of global fisheries
2. Drivers of fishery development
3. Management options for sustainable fisheries:
Catch Shares
Co-Management
OLD
TAR
GET
NEW
TAR
GET
Impacts of fishing
Current status
Trends in fishery indicators
development year = catch first reaches 25% of max annual catch
Fishery development 1950-2004
No trend
Fishing deeper
Fishing smaller
Harvest better opportunities first
Fishing is a mature industry
Effects of catch share systems
Log Response Ratio
-3.5 -3.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5
C:Q
Effort
Bycatch
Discards
Exploitation
Biomass MeanVariance
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*
**
**
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Essington 2010, PNAS
Exploitation under different management types
log(mF2000)
Co
un
t
5
10
15
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
K-ICESJ-SAfricaI-ArgentinaH-NZG-AustraliaF-sAtl_GOMexicoE-AtlUSAD-AtlCanadaC-PacCanadaB-USWCA-Alaska
log(mF2000)
Co
un
t
5
10
15
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
K-ICESJ-SAfricaI-ArgentinaH-NZG-AustraliaF-sAtl_GOMexicoE-AtlUSAD-AtlCanadaC-PacCanadaB-USWCA-Alaska
log(mF2000)
Co
un
t
5
10
15
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
K-ICESJ-SAfricaI-ArgentinaH-NZG-AustraliaF-sAtl_GOMexicoE-AtlUSAD-AtlCanadaC-PacCanadaB-USWCA-Alaska
log(mF2000)
Co
un
t
5
10
15
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
K-ICESJ-SAfricaI-ArgentinaH-NZG-AustraliaF-sAtl_GOMexicoE-AtlUSAD-AtlCanadaC-PacCanadaB-USWCA-Alaska
log(mF2000)
Co
un
t
5
10
15
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
K-ICESJ-SAfricaI-ArgentinaH-NZG-AustraliaF-sAtl_GOMexicoE-AtlUSAD-AtlCanadaC-PacCanadaB-USWCA-Alaska
log(mF2000)
Co
un
t
5
10
15
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
K-ICESJ-SAfricaI-ArgentinaH-NZG-AustraliaF-sAtl_GOMexicoE-AtlUSAD-AtlCanadaC-PacCanadaB-USWCA-Alaska
Effort control(n=15)
TAC only(n=71)
TAC withcatch shares(n=35)
Fre
quen
cy
EuropeSouth AfricaArgentinaNew ZealandAustraliaUS SE coast/Gulf of MexicoUS NE coastCanada east coastCanada west coastUS west coastUS Alaska
log of F : Fmsy ratio-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1
log of F : Fmsy ratio
TAC with catch shares
TAC only
Effort control
± s.e.
Giving stakeholders a lasting stake
● Catch shares align incentives of individual
fishermen with management goals
● Generally work with developed regulatory agencies
● At the community level, how might incentives of a
group of resource users be aligned with
management objectives ?
● Institutional arrangement where responsibility for resource
management is shared between the government and user groups
Fisheries Co-Management
Modified from Ostrom 2009 Science
Global Review● Success Score (SS):
Σ Outcomes = 8
● ~ 50% with SS ≥ 6
n = 121
mean ± SE
0-12-34-56-78
Keys for co-management success
Conclusions• Many fisheries are overfished or collapsed, but many are healthy or
recovered.
• Pattern of profit-driven fishing evident at a global scale. Commercial fishing is now a mature industry.
• We can achieve sustainable fisheries with appropriate management including catch shares and co-management.
Acknowledgments• Co-authors on Worm et al. 2009: Boris Worm, Ray Hilborn, Julia Baum, Trevor Branch, Jeremy Collie, Chris
Costello, Mike Fogarty, Beth Fulton, Jeff Hutchings, Simon Jennings, Heike Lotze, Pamela Mace, Tim McClanahan, Coilin Minto, Steve Palumbi, Ana Parma, Dan Ricard, Andy Rosenberg, Reg Watson, Dirk Zeller
• Global fishery development data are from the Sea Around Us Project and the Fisheries Economics Research Unit of the University of British Columbia
• Funding: National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Lenfest Oceans Program, David H. Smith Conservation Research Fellowship, National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship