Nickel Alloys-Properties and Uses

Nickel-Chromium Alloys

Electric resistance Nichrome Alloy 80/20: it has high mechanical strength at the elevated temperatures about 1100oC, up to which it doesn’t lose oxidation resistance properties. It hardly losses metallic properties upon heating. It is used in resistance wire, electrical resistors, employed for heating elements in domestic and industrial applications.

Electric resistance alloy Nichrome 60/15: It is an electrical resistance alloy with the highest operating temperature about 1000oC. It is used in heating elements for home based and industrial applications to get high oxidation resistance.

Inconel 600: It offers outstanding resistance to chloride ion stress corrosion cracking , high resistance to corrosion to pure water and alkaline media. It is used in chemical and food treatment, thermal processing, tooling and apparatus, nuclear reactors and electronic components.

Inconel 601: It has high oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance at the elevated temperatures with high mechanical strength. It is used in industrial incinerators, furnaces, petrochemical units and other processing plants, baskets, muffles and gas turbines.

Inconel 625: Nickel-chromium-molybdenum hard alloy matrix that provides high strength without heat processing, useful in the variety of corrosive conditions. This alloy is used in chemical plants, aerospace and seawater engineering, pollution control devices and nuclear reactors.

Inconel 718: Excellent corrosion resistance with high tensile and creeping strength up to 700oC. High weldability and good resistance to postweld cracking. It is used in aero-engines , gas turbines, aerospace engineering, nuclear reactors, nuclear fuel spacers and spring.

Inconel X-750: It provides intense resistance to oxidation and resistance with high tensile and creeping strength at temperature limits about 700oC. It is used in gas turbines, rocket engines, nuclear reactors, pressure vessels, apparatus, and aircraft architecture.

Incoloy 800: it has higher creeping resistance. The high strength outcomes from the nearest control of magnitudes of elements such as carbon, aluminum and titanium in combination with the elevated temperature annealing. It is used in process piping, heat exchanger, carburizing devices, heating element shielding and nuclear steam producer pipes.

Incoloy 800H/800HT-It is used in chemical and petrochemical processing in the power production units for heavy duty heater and reheating tubing in commercial furnaces and heat processing devices.

Hastelloy X:it is used in industrial furnaces, heat processing equipment and nuclear plants.

Nimonic 80A: Nickel-Chromium (Ni-Cr) alloy precipitation hardenable through inclusion of aluminum and titanium with high corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance and high tensile and creeping strength up to 815oC. It is used in process piping, heat exchangers, carburization apparatus, heat processing shielding, and nuclear steam producing tubing.

Heat Resistant Steel: An austenitic Nickel-chromium-iron-molybdenum alloy has high tensile strength at high temperatures. It is particularly used in manufacturing high quality aircraft components. It is used in producing industrial turbines, blades, after burner springs, heat resistant fasteners.

Incoloy 825: It provides outstanding resistance to both reducing and oxidizing acids, sulfuric, phosphoric acid, stress corrosion cracking as well as localized corrosion like pitting and crevice corrosion. It is used in downhole tubular for deep, corrosive wells, pollution control scrubbers etc.

Carpenter 20Cb3: It has good resistance to hot sulfuric acid and several aggressive conditions, particularly resistance to stress corrosion cracking. It is weldable, machinable and cold formable. It is used in chemical processing devices, oil and gas well piping, heat exchangers, process piping as well as valve apparatus.

Hastelloy B2: it provides excellent resistance to hydrofluoric acid at whole magnitudes and temperature limits. It can adhere to hydrogen chloride, sulfuric, acetic and phosphoric acids with outstanding resistance to pitting corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. It is used in process piping, tanks, heat exchangers, petrochemical plants, fit for chemical processing in welding conditions.

Hastelloy C276: it offers intense resistance to corrosion in the various vigorous conditions. The magnitude of molybdenum makes this alloy resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion. The small magnitude of carbon decreases carbide precipitation while welding. It is used in pollution control, chemical processing, pulp and paper manufacture and waste processing.

Hastelloy C22: Outstanding resistance to reducing and oxidizing conditions and those with combined acids. It is specifically important for offering resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion to acid halide conditions. It is used in chemical processing, pollution control, flue gas desulfurization, waste incineration and pulp and paper processing units.

Inconel 686: It offers corrosion resistance in the various intense conditions. It is used in the several conditions that occur in the chemical processing, pollution control, pulp and paper preparation, air pollution control, stack liners.

Nickel, Nickel-Copper alloy, Nickel-Iron alloy

Nickel 200: It is a commercially pure nickel 99.6% with high mechanical characteristics and resistance to diverse range of corrosive conditions. It is used in processing apparatus, specifically to main the purity of product in dealing with foods, synthetic fibers and alkalies.

Nickel 201: It is similar to Nickel 200 wrought nickel containing lower magnitude of carbon that provide it superiority in brittleness above 300oC when it is cold treated. It is used in providing mechanical properties for different temperature limits.

Monel 400: Nickel-copper alloy offers elevated temperature strength with convenient machinability, outstanding corrosion resistance in the different conditions such as marine, hydrofluoric acid and alkali acids. It is used in the seawater applications, chemical and hydrocarbon treatment units, heat exchangers, coastal desalination units.

Monel K500: It is a precipitation hardenable nickel-copepr alloy that has corrosion resistance similar to alloy 400 with higher strength and hardness. It has small magnetic permeability and non magnetic at temperatures lower than -100oC. It is used in seawater engineering, chemical and hydrocarbon treatment equipment, and heat exchangers.

Copper-Nickel alloy 70/30: It provides very high corrosion resistance and erosion resistance. It has highs strength and ductility, employed in areas that need high temperatures and pressures. It has wide use in marine service, seawater power plant, desalinization plants, oil refineries and in chemical processing, marine water tubes.

Copper-Nickel alloy 90/10: It has higher resistance to corrosion, erosion and impingement corrosion caused by turbulent flow of water in high velocity and static water. It has good weldability. It is used in marine service, power plants, desalinization plants, oil refineries, chemical processing industry, seawater ductile tube.

Constantan: It has moderate resistiviy of 49 micro-ohm-cm and low temperature coefficient of resistance with a smooth resistance-temperature plot over the broad limits. It is used in thermocouples wires compose of iron, copper of chromel strain gauge alloy.

Permalloy 45%: It has the maximum permeability among all soft magnetic metals. It can produce more powerful magnetic fields with nominal electric current by utilizing an electromagnet core constructed of permalloy. It is used in susceptible relays, and AC transformers, solenoid core, stepping motor core and components of watch.

Permalloy 78%-Permalloy offers excellent magnetic permeability, small coercivity, approximate zero magnetostrictive properties and high anisotropic magnetoresistance. The small magnetcstriction is crucial for commercial applications. It is used for tape core recorder, heads, motor cases and CRT shield covers.

Nilo Iron-Nickel 42%:Low and small constant coefficient of thermal expansion from room temperature to 350oC. It is utilized for semiconductor industrial parts, core of copper clad wire for sealing to glass covers of electric bulbs and radio. It is used in bimetallic thermostate strip, rods, ceramic to metal seals with alumina ceramics and different glass to metal seals.

Kovar: It is vacuum melted, iron-nickel-cobalt, low expansion with chemical composition of controlled within small limits to ensure precise thermal expansion characteristics. It is utilized for hermetic seals with the tougher Pyrex glasses and ceramic materials. The power tubes, microwave tubes, transistors, diodes, IC chips etc.

Invar: It is a nickel-iron nominal expansion alloy constituted of 36% nickel. It maintains almost constant configuration over the broad temperature limit. It has a small coefficient of expansion from cryogenic temperatures to 260oC. It is used in measuring equipments, laser parts, bimetallic thermostatic strip, rods, tanks and piping for storage and transportation of liquefied gases.

SuperInvar: It is a nickel-iron low expansion alloy that contains 4% cobalt with nickel in invar. It retains constant configuration across the different temperature ranges and has nominally higher strength as compare to invar. It is utilized in bimetallic, thermostat rods and tube assemblies for temperature maintainers.