Next Generation One-Man Construction and Smart Construction

Powered by ICT ConstructionJapan Construction Information Center

Yuya ARAKAWA

Overlay for block works

Difference Cut soil

Fill soil

BIM for Earthwork

Survey Design Build Inspectioni-Construction

Install finishing stakes based on design drawings

Shaping by repeating inspection and

earthwork

Earthwork in accordance with finishing stakes

Survey Design InspectionConventional

Conducting survey

Plan view Vertical section

Cross sectionCalculate soil amount for

earthwork based on design drawings

Build

① ②

③

④

Previous Computerized Construction

Increase Efficiency

3D Data 2D Data

Document examination

③Computerized Construction

①3D Survey using UAV ②3D Design & Construction Planning

Quick whole area (high-density) 3D survey is conducted by photographic surveying utilizing drones.

Automatically calculate earthwork volume (soil amount for cutting and filling) based on the difference between 3D survey data (actual terrain) and design drawing.

Automatically control ICT construction machines with 3D design data, implementing IoT at construction sites (*).

Inspection utilizing drones for 3D survey eliminates documentation of as-built drawings and reduces inspection items by 50%.

* IoT (Internet of Things) stands for various devices equipped with sensors to be able to connect to a network.

Communication of 3D design data,

etc.

④Labor-saving Inspection

Orderer

OK

Actual terrain

Design drawing

2

The uniqueness of Japan

Road centerline

Cross sectional shape

• The land area of Japan is 62nd largest in the world.• Complex embankment, earth cut, slopes, and drainage facilities

are required due to the continuity of mountainous regions. • Cross sectional shape could vary significantly.

Main issue

1. Production of 3D schematic design data2. Data conversion operations to enable ICT construction3. Education of young engineers to establish skills to handle

survey instruments

3D schematic design data

• Issue– Complex nature of operations, the data production and editing, acquisition

of software operating skills– Cross examination of 2D drawings of 3D schematic design data

LandXML1.2

Data conversion operations to enable ICT construction

• Issue– The use of 3D schematic design data to generate two sets of data

• Construction machinery MC/MG (Machine Control/Machine Guidance) data• Data to organize construction control values

3D Data

TS Data

MC/MGData

Education of young engineers

• Issue– Guiding engineers without sufficient survey experience to survey

locations can still be time consuming especially when new instruments are being introduced

– The management of survey data at construction office could also be time consuming

Implementing one-man construction using an automatic tracking survey instrument for data measurement operations

Method

1. Visual confirmation using 3D viewer2. Efficiently generate multiple data3. Development of app with survey instruments linkup

Visual confirmation using 3D viewer

• Cross sectional profiles can be connected automatically and data can be edited to connect each cross section.

• The real-time 3D verification feature has also been implemented.

Visual confirmation using 3D viewer

Patent No.5477874 Patent Regarding CAD Data Conversion System and ProgramAutomatically/Semi-automatically analyzes/extracts 3D design data elements from 2D CAD data to generate “3D design data". In addition to planar, longitudinal and traverse review capabilities, it is equipped with verification features including precision review of coordinates and superposition of plan view with 3D data. This is the technology to support creating required data for i-Construction.

Efficiently generate multiple data

• The software can generate two data at the same time.– MC/MG (Machine Control/Machine Guidance) data required for

construction machinery operation. – Data to manage construction control values.

Development of app with survey instruments linkup

Real-time survey point function Cloud link function

The app generates and displays locations to measure construction control values in real-time and guides survey operators and inspectors via voice navigation

Result

1. Greatly reduce operation time to produce 3D schematic design data and organize construction control values

2. Reduction of installation cost of dedicated construction machinery

3. Improved efficiency of one-man construction4. Application in other countries

Greatly reduce operation time to produce 3D schematic design data and organize construction control values

• Accurate 3D schematic design data can be generated.• Simply by importing data uploaded to the cloud, the amount of time

spent managing data has been reduced from several days to just one day.

Reduction of installation cost of dedicated construction machinery

• In one case study project, prisms were installed to the backhoe shovel in order to enable the machine operator to directly verify the smartphone screen.

With the ability to operate simply using survey instruments and tablet devices, 90% cost reduction was achieved in this particular project.

Improved efficiency of one-man construction

Elimination of manual survey operators (cost reduction of 60 man hour in 180-day road construction project = over 1,000,000).

Active participation of second-year female manager and over 300 percent improvement in site operations

• In addition to ICT construction, the system can help overcome issues, such as inexperienced engineers without sufficient surveying skills and lack of engineer availability, through support in staking operations and navigation

Application in other countries

• Visual confirmation function using 3D viewer– In USA, the client supplies 3D data to the contractor. The ability to superimpose

2D drawings and 3D data can address any discrepancy between the client’s supplied data and the site conditions, as well as discrepancies between 2D drawings and 3D data.

– In Germany, the contractor produces working drawings based on rough design drawings supplied by the client. Therefore effectiveness similar to that of Japan may be expected.

• Development of app with survey instruments linkup– In USA, surveying are undertaken at 2-week intervals help reduce inspection time

of inexperienced engineers• General

– Finland uses an Open BIM cloud product called Infrakit. Although the editing of data is not supported, the system can linkup with construction machineries. By synchronizing the system with features of this software productivity can be improved.

Thank you for your kind attention.