new physics & exotic hadron searches @
DESCRIPTION
New physics & exotic hadron searches @. BESIII. SuperBelle. &. S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨. BEPCII & SuperKEKB. ARES RF(LER ). ARES RF(HER ). L=2x10 35 cm -2 s -1 (2012) 8x10 35 cm -2 s -1 (2017). SuperKEKB & BEPCII each provide 10x luminosity increases over the current state-of-the-art. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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New physics & exotic hadron searches @
S. L. Olsen
스티픈 올슨
BESIII SuperBelle&
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BEPCII & SuperKEKB
L=2x1035cm-2s-1 (2012) 8x1035cm-2s-1 (2017)
ARES RF(LER)
ARES RF(HER)
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2010
SuperKEKB
BEPCII
CLEO-c
SuperKEKB & BEPCII eachprovide 10x luminosity increasesover the current state-of-the-art
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BESIII & Super Belle
1 T SC solenoid: p/p ~ 0.5% @ p~1GeV
/K separation up to 1.2 GeV
CsI (~90% x 4) m(0) ~4 MeV
Muon detection ~80% x 4 p>0.5 GeV
Si strip/pixel vertex detector z~70m
1.5 T SC solenoid: p/p ~ 0.3% @ p~1GeV
/K separation up to ~4 GeV
CsI (~90% x 4) m(0) ~4 MeV
Muon detection ~80% x 4 p>0.5 GeV
Both are modern, state-of-the-art detectors
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Physics at BESIII & SuperBelle
• New physics searches– Tests of SM predictions for processes with heavy
virtual particles
– Search for decays that are forbidden in SM • • J/+e-
• …
• Exotic hadron physics– XYZ particles u c
ucc c
H+?+Squarks?
+Winos?
tetraquarks?
quark-gluon
hybrids?
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New Physics Searches
• Need SM processes that:– involve massive virtual particles – where SM prediction is precise and reliable
• CP-violating phases• F-B asymmetry in BK*l+l-
• 0- meson: P+l+ decays• CP violation in the c-quark sector• …
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CP-violating phases
(SM predictions for CPV phases are uneffected by QCD Corrections & are, in principle at least, robust.)
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SM: CP violation phase is all in the CKM flavor-mixing matrix
b
s
d
VVV
VVV
VVV
b
s
d
tbtstd
cbcscd
ubusud
'
'
'
CPV phases are in the corners
t
d
W+
b
Vub
W+
u*
Vtd
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B0
1: Interfere BfCP with BBJ/KS
td
td
B0
Vtb
V*
Vcb
KS
J/
J/
KS
V*2
Vtb
V*td
td
Vcb
B0B0
+
sin21
Vcb has no KM phase
Vtd has a KM phase 1
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“principle” of 1 measurement
Flavor-tag decay(B0 or B0 ?)
J/
KS
ee
more B tags
more B tags
zt=0
sin21
This is for CP=-1; for CP=+1, the asymmetry is opposite
“entangled” BB_
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B-Factory results
B0 tag_B
0 tag
sin21= 0.671 ±0.024 Belle + BaBar (2008)
1 = 21.1o ± 0.9o well measured!
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Role of phases in the CKM flavor-mixing matrix was recognized by the Nobel Foundation
A single irreducible phase in the weak interaction matrix can accounts for the CPViolations that are observed in kaon and B decays.
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Peggy Lee(American singer 1920-2002)
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Next: CPV in penguin decays
, ’, K+K-, …
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Why penguins?
16SM Charged Higgs SuperSymmetry
Not all penguins are alike!
New physics penguins can modify SM predictions
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sin21 with SM bs penguins
Vts: no KM phase
SM: sin21 = sin21 from BJ/ K0
Any difference non-SM particles in the loop
penguin
Vtd
Vtd
+
1
B B, ’,
1
, ’,
*
*
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Dalitz plot analysis of BKSK+K-
StrongK+K- peak in M(K+K-) dist
but that is not all
M2 (K-KS)
M2 (K+KS)
Needs a model for B0KSK+K- decays
& a full. t-dependent Dalitz analysis
time-dependent!
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( KS)
1
(f0(980) KS)
1
SM result
Room for ~10x improvement Super Belle/KEKB
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Electro-weak penguins: B—K* l+l-
no gluons here(so SM predictions
for the lepton sectorare robust & reliable)
K*B
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Ali, Mannel, Morozumi, PLB273, 505 (1991)
AFB(BK*l+l-)(q2)
SM pred’n for AFB is not sensitive to (poorly known) QCD corrections
F B
NF-NB
NF+NB
=
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Hints of an anomaly?
BABAR, arXiv:0804.4412
Belle, PRL 96, 251801 386M
384M657MBelle
Preliminary
• Data points are all above the SM
• (Ml+l-2 dist & branching fractions
~agree with SM expectations.)
Belle
Published
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0- meson pure leptonic decays: P+ l+
All inputs well measured except fP, which can be computed by LQCD
B+ (or D+ or Ds)+
Q
q
SM prediction (W+ only):
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Latest B-factory result
)()(154 2122
3635sig syststatN
435.037.0
38.037.0 10)]()(65.1[)(
syststatB B
Preliminary
(arXiv: 0809.3834, BELLE-CONF-0840)
Semileptonic B tags only (BD*l )
3.8σ signal significance Measurement above SM expectation, discrepancy
~1.4-2σ
(CKMfitter 2008 prediction)
0.09 40.13( ) (0.78 ) 10B B SM
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Belle limits on charged Higgs
Ruled out (95% CL) by Bf(BXs)
Ruled out by Bf(B++)
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(Almost) all of CMS’ accessible range for an MSSM H+ is already ruled out
Ruled out by Belle
Accessible at LHC
RegionLeftForLHC
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D+(Ds+)l+ at BESIII
CLEO-c signals:D+
Ds+ LQCD preds (~2% precision)
Clean expt’l signals. BESIIIcan achieve high precision.
3 SM-Expt discrepancy for fDs;statistical errors dominate
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CPV in D meson decays at BESIII
• No KM phases in cs or cd– Any CPV seen in D meson decay would
indicate new physics
• To observe CP-viol. you need both a CPV phase & a non-zero strong phase– c.f. D± K+K-± has lots of resonances
with large strong phases
Op
posit
e s
ign
for
matt
er-
an
tim
att
er
Same sign formatter-antimatter
b
s
d
VVV
VVV
VVV
b
s
d
tbtstd
cbcscd
ubusud
'
'
'
No SM CPV phases here
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D± K+K-±
D±
…
K*K’
KK
model
),(),( 22
21
)(22
21 mmAeammM r
r
ir
Wr
)(
1),(
21
21
222
21 miMmM
mmArrr
r
“strong” phases
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Fit for D+ D- differencesCLEOc , with 818 pb-1 at the ’’
arXiv 0807.4545
ACP = (-0.03 ±0.84 ± 0.29)%
BESIII will have >20x more data
M+ - M-
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Summary (New Physics)
• Super Belle & BESIII have unique opportunities to search for New Physics– Reaches beyond the LHC for some scenarios
• Room for a factor ~10 improvement in precision before SM limitations are reached.
• Tantalizing hints of new phenomena show up in B-factory & CLEO-c data.
• Dalitz analyses becoming increasingly important
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Comment
• New Physics Searches are prime motivators for Super-Belle & BESIII– “pays the bills”
• New discoveries will “belong to” the host laboratories & the expt’l teams in entirety – SNU included
• SNU group needs “signature” topics & expertise– Dalitz analyses?– exotic hadrons?– …
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Exotic hadrons atBESIII & SuperBelle
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Motivation for exotic hadrons
Perkin’s textbook, Introduction to High Energy Physics, pg.118
“The states observed in nature consist of three-quark combinations (the baryons) and quark-antiquark combinations (the mesons).”
Particle Physics Textbooks
u cuc
c c
But QCD suggests that tetraquarks and quark-gluon hybrids also occur.
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How to find an exotic hadron
• Find a hadron with quantum numbers that can’t be produced by qqq or qq combos– Pentaquark: S=+1 baryon =
– Charged or strange “charmonium:” e.g. Z+=
• Find cc or bb mesons that don’t fit into an unassigned qq “quarkonium” level.
s dud
u
u cdc
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predicted
measured
Charmonium meson spectrum
Only a few charmonium levels are still available
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Neutral “X” & “Y” mesons
BaBar
BK +-J/
M(+-J/M(J)
X(3872)
M(J/
Y(3940)
X(3940) X(4160)
e+e-DD*J/ e+e-D*D*J/
M(DD*) M(D*D*)
Y(4260)
Belle
Belle
Belle
Y(4
008
)?
e+e-ISR+-J/
Y(4350) & Y(4660)
e+e-ISR+-’
M(+-J/)
M(+-’)
e+e-ISRcc
M(cc)
M(J/
BaBar
BaBar
Belle
Belle
Belle
Belle
’
X(3872)
(Decay to finalstates with a ccpair & qi=0 )
JPC=1++
JPC=1--
???
BK J/
BK J/
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3872MeV
• Only one unfilled 1++ level • Mass is too low for the X(3872)• c1’J/ violates Ispin
•Bf(X3872J/)>4%
• (J/) should be >>(J/)•expt: (J/) <<(J/)
• There is only 1 unfilled 1-- charmonium level (& at least 3 1-- Y states)• (J/(’)) for Y states too large for charmonium
c1’
No obvious available cc assignments for these states
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Are there similar states with:
•s •c•d•c
•u •c•d•c
•Z+
•Zs0
•non-zero charge?
•non-zero strangess?
•non-zero charge & strangeness?•u •c
scZs+
“smoking guns” for non qq meson states
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The Z(4430)+(±’) meson candidate
M(
±’)
GeV
BK +’
Z(4430)
M2 (±’)
GeV
2
M2(’) GeV2
S.-K. Choi et al (Belle) PRl 100, 142001
Veto
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Could this be a reflectionfrom the K channel?
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Cos vs M2(’)
16 GeV2
22 GeV2
M2(
’)
+1.0
-1.0
cos
M (’) & cosare tightly correlated;a peak in cos peak in M(’)
(4.43)2GeV2 0.25
’
K
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Can interference between K partial waves produce a peak?
Only S-, P- and D-waves seen in data
inte
rfere
Add incoherently
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Can we make a peak at cos≈0.25
with only S-, P- & D-waves?
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Can we make a peak at cos≈0.25
with only S-, P- & D-waves?
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Can we make a peak at cos≈0.25
with only S-, P- & D-waves?
Not without introducing other, even more dramatic
features at other cos (&,, other M’) values.
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BaBar doesn’t see the Z(4430)+
Belle: = (4.1±1.0±1.4)x10-5
M2(±’) GeV2
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C. Hearty @ SLAC’s B-factory Symposium
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BK’ Dalitz-plot analyses
KZ+
K2*’
K*’
K’
Default Model
’
K*(890)’
K*(1410)’
K0*(1430)’
K2*(1430)’
K*(1680)’
KZ(4430)
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Results
Toy MC: fit CL=36%
1
1
2 3
2
34 5
4
A5
B
A
C
B
C
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Results with no Z(4430) term
Toy MC: fit CL=0.1%
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3 4
5
1 2 3 4 5
A
B
C
A B
C
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Dalitz analysis results
Signif: 6.5Published results
Mass & significance similar,width & errors are larger
With Z(4430)
WithoutZ(4430)
Belle: = (3.2+1.8+9.6 )x10-5 0.9-1.6
BaBar:
No contradiction
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Candidates for exotic mesons in the s-quark sector
Accessible at BESIII
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J/ pp
This is the c,pp
the J/’sspin=0 partner
What is this???
M(pp) GeV
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Fit the M(pp) distribution
Best fit to this peakis a resonance withpeak mass below thepp mass threshold
M=1835 MeV no know 100MeV resonance
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Actual fit
M=1830.6 ± 6.7 MeV/c2
< 153 MeV/c2 (90% CL)
J/pp in the BES expt
0 0.1 0.2 0.3
2/dof=56/56
fitted peak location
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A pp bound state (baryonium)?
p n p p
deuteron:
loosely bound 3-q 3-
q color singlets with Md = 2mp-
baryonium:
loosely bound
3-q 3-q color singlets with Mb = 2mp-
?
attractive nuclear force attractive force?
There is lots & lots of literature about this possibility
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Expectation for pp bound state meson
mp +mp
Above threshold
Xpp ~100%
below-threshold p
and p annihilate to
mesons
I=0, JPC=0-+ init. state:pp ’ is common
(h’ = mostly ss)
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Look in J/ ’
M(’)
M=1833 MeV 70MeV
mp+mp
BESII
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X(1835)’ @ BESIII
M(’) GeV/c2 2.5 days @ BES-III
M(’) GeV/c2
2 yrs @ BESII
M(’) GeV/c2
X(1835)
X(1835)
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J/ f0(980) @ BESII
“Y(2175)”?????
By next summer, BESIII should have 300M J/decays&, eventually 10,000M J/ decays
(with 58M J/decays)
A much better detector
= ~100% ss
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Proposed WCU research @ BESIII & (Super)Belle
• Continue collaboration with S. -K. Choi– Dalitz analyses of Blight hadrons + (cc) with existing Belle data
• Systematic scan of J/’X & X @ BESIII– Search for s-quark sector exotics
• New physics searches in D(Ds) decays@ BESIII– D+ / D- K+K-± Dalitz plot differences– D+(Ds) l+ purely leptonic decays– …
• Get ready for SuperBelle
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