Hadron Physics at FAIRFacility for Antiproton and Ion Research

Volker MetagII. Physikalisches InstitutUniversity of Giessen, Germany

• Facility Layout and Characteristics• Scientific Areas and Goals• Hadron Physics• Project Organization and Time Schedule

FAIR: Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research

SIS 100

HESR

SIS 300

CBM

PP Super-FRS

Atom. Phys.

GSI as of today

Elec.CoolerPANDA

CR+RESR

NESRFLAIR

FAIRFacility for Antiprotonand Ion Research

FAIR: Facility for Antiproton and Ion ResearchFAIR: Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research

Primary Beams

•1012/s; 1.5 GeV/u; 238U28+

•Factor 100-1000 over present in intensity•2(4)x1013/s 30 GeV protons•1010/s 238U73+ up to 25 (- 35) GeV/u

Secondary Beams

•Broad range of radioactive beams up to1.5 - 2 GeV/u; up to factor 10 000 inintensity over present

•Antiprotons 3 - 30 GeV

Storage and Cooler Rings

•Radioactive beams•e – A collider•1011 stored and cooled 0.8 - 14.5GeV antiprotons

•Cooled beams•Rapidly cycling superconducting magnets

Key Technical Features

research areas:FAIRFacility for Antiproton and Ion Research • Nuclear Structure Physics and

Nuclear Astrophysics with Radioactive Ion-Beams

• Hadron Physics with p - Beams

• Physics of Nuclear Matter withRelativistic Nuclear Collisions

• Plasma Physics with highly bunched Laser- and Ion-Beams

• Atomic Physics and Applied Science

• Accelerator Physics

Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei – Radioactive Beams at FAIRStructure and Dynamics of Nuclei – Radioactive Beams at FAIR

Proton-rich nuclei•Proton radioactivity•Proton - neutron pairing•Isospin symmetry•Tests of standard model

and symmetries•Nucleosynthesis

Neutron-rich nuclei•Neutron drip line•Shell quenching•Skins and halos•Loosley bound systems•Soft collective modes•Nucleosynthesis

Superheavy elements•Shell stabilization•Long-lived nuclei

Nuclear Astrophysics at FAIR: the origin of elementsNuclear Astrophysics at FAIR: the origin of elementsP

roto

n nu

mbe

r Z

Accreting white dwarf

Nova Cygni 1992

Sun

Elements in our solar system

Neutron number N

• nucleosynthesis of heavy elementsin explosive stellar events proceedsalong chains of unstable nuclei

beams of unstable nuclei provide:• masses, decay-, reaction rates• stellar conditions in terrestrial

laboratories (highly charged ions)

improved modelling ofsynthesis process

Production of exotic nuclear beams by fragmentationProduction of exotic nuclear beams by fragmentation

1GeV/u U + H

About 1000 nuclear residues identified

A/Z-resolution ~10-3

1 AGeV U + H ⇒ X

Radioactive Ion Beam Intensities at FAIRRadioactive Ion Beam Intensities at FAIR

Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma –Relativistic Nuclear Beams at FAIR

Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma –Relativistic Nuclear Beams at FAIR

study of compressed baryonic / strange matter in nucleus-nucleuscollisions up to laboratory energies of 35 AGeV

important probe: dilepton pairs

QCD- phase diagram

Physics of Dense Plasmas and Bulk Matter at FAIRPhysics of Dense Plasmas and Bulk Matter at FAIR

SIS 18

Ion BeamHeating Jupiter

Sun Surface

Magnetic Fusion

solid statedensity

Tem

pera

ture

[eV

]

Density [cm-3]

LaserHeating

PHELIX

Ideal plasmas

Strongly coupled

plasmas

Sun Core

InertialCofinement

Fusion

• Properties of high density plasmas• Phase transitions and equation of state• Laser – ion interactions with and in plasmas

Transition from the perturbative to the non-perturbative regimeof Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)

Transition from the perturbative to the non-perturbative regimeof Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)

q

q q

qgluon (g)

quarks, gluonsone gluon exchange

perturbativeQCD: αS << 1

non-perturbativeQCD: αS ≤ 1

hadrons:baryons, mesonsmodels, lattice QCD

Challenging problems in non-perturbative QCDChallenging problems in non-perturbative QCD

• Why are quarks confined within hadrons?• How are hadrons constructed from their constituents?•What is the relation of parton degrees of freedom and thelow energy structure of hadrons?

• What is the origin of hadron masses?• How are hadrons modified when embedded in nuclei?• Do glueballs (ggg) and hybrids (qqg) exist?

⇒ New experimental approach: antiproton beams up to 15 GeV/c

High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) and Detector ConceptHigh Energy Storage Ring (HESR) and Detector Concept

510410δp/p

cGeV151.5pp;1s2cm32102L

−−−=

−=−−⋅=

electron cooler

universal detectorPANDA

p-injection

circumference 442 m

max. bendingpower 50 Tm

HESR

p

detector features:measurement and identification ofγ, e± , µ±, π±, K±, p, phigh rate capabilityfast trigger scheme

Physics program at the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR)Physics program at the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR)

J/ψ spectroscopy confinement

hidden and open charm in nuclei

glueballs (ggg) hybrids (ccg)

strange and charmed baryons

in nuclear field

fundamental symmetries:

p in traps (FLAIR)

inverted deeply virtual Compton scattering

CP-violation (D/Λ - sector)

charmonium spectroscopy: testing confinementcharmonium spectroscopy: testing confinement

unique window to study interplay of perturbative and non-perturbative effects

• energy levels, widths, decay modes⇒ details of QQ interaction

non-perturbative effects

open problems in J/Ψ spectroscopy:

• search for ηc'-state • confirm 1P1-state • measure transition rates • identify states above DD threshold

advantage pp: direct formation of all states

comparison e+e- versus ppcomparison e+e- versus ppCrystall Ball

e+e- interactions: only 1-- states formed other states populated in secondary decays (moderate mass resolution)

production of χ1,2

'ee ψ→−+

2,1γχ

ψγγ /J−+γγ ee

pp reactions: all states directly formed (very good mass resolution)

formation of χ1,2

ψγ /J−+γ ee

2,1pp χ→

E 760 (Fermilab)

σm (beam) = 0.5 MeV

GlueballsGlueballs

characteristic feature of QCD: self-interaction among gluons

predicted masses: 1.5 - 5.0 GeV/c2

candidate: f0(1500): 0++; Γ=110MeV no flavour blind decay mixing with neighbouring scalar meson states

→ search for higher lying glueball states

mixing with (qq) and (QQ) excluded for exotic states (e.g., JPC = 2+-)

→ less mixing, width ≤ 100 MeVonly ≈10 (QQ) states in 3 – 4 GeV/c2

C.J. Morningstar and M. Peardon,PRD60 (1999) 034 509

decay mode: 2+-→Φη ( l = 2)

Hybrids Hybrids )qgq( *

predicted masses: 3.9 - 4.5 GeV/c2

lowest state: JPC = 1–+ (exotic)width: could be narrow (LGT: ≈ 10 MeV)preferred decays:(ccg) → (cc) + X

light quark hybrids:

charmed hybrids:

candidates:JPC = 1–+ at 1.4 GeV/c2 → ηπ–

JPC = 1–+ at 1.6 GeV/c2 → ρ0π–

e.g. 1-+ → χc + (ππ)l=0 (C. Michael, hep-lat/0207017)J/ψ + γ

e+e-

synergy effect: parallel operation of physics programssynergy effect: parallel operation of physics programs

FAIR and its members

FAIR ProjectFrance

FZ-Jülich

Russia

INDIAItalyResources, Finances, Manpower and Hardware Contributions

Demands of the Project towards partners

UK

SwedenChina

GSI

FAIR Council(Representatives of Institutions)

France FZ-Jülich RussiaFinnland Spain UKSwedenGSI

Project Management

Italy

Finnland

Obs. EU

Obs. China

Obs. India

Observ. USA

FAIR: Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research