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Different Cross-sections-DIFFERENT THRESHOLDS..and OPACITIES



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The The innerinner blowupblowup of last of last JanuaryJanuary 2005 2005 solarsolar flareflare



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AntiAnti--neutrinosneutrinos are the best are the best



Neutrino CROSS SECTIONSNeed for Large Volumes and Amplifiers



UnstableUnstable tau versus tau versus muonsmuons at at highesthighest energyenergy A A NEUTRINO AMPLIFIERNEUTRINO AMPLIFIER D.FargionD.Fargion etet al. 1999al. 1999-- DF.ApJDF.ApJ 2002 and DF 2002 and DF etet al. al. ApJApJ 2004, DF 2004, DF etet al NIM 07, al NIM 07, NuclNucl PhysPhys B 09B 09




D.Fargion The Astrophysical Journal,570,p.909. 2002

ICRC-1999



Why Horizontal – Upward Tau Showeringis so much linked to neutrino mass and mixing ?

Because mixing, even for minimal masses guarantee the flavour transformation from Muon Neutrinos to the Tau Neutrinos.Galactic and cosmic distances are huge respect

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B

D.Fargion, M.Grossi, M.De

Santis,

P.G. de Sanctis

Lucentin

http://it.arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Fargion_D/0/1/0/all/0/1

http://it.arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Grossi_M/0/1/0/all/0/1

http://it.arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Santis_M/0/1/0/all/0/1

http://it.arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Lucentin_P/0/1/0/all/0/1



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D.Fargion The Astrophysical Journal,570,p.909. 2002




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UHECR versus Neutrino UHECR versus Neutrino AstronomiesAstronomies

••AttentionAttention: : NotNot just just oneone UHECR : UHECR : nuclei or nuclei or nucleonnucleon




CompositionComposition puzzlepuzzleAUGER AUGER Michael Unger , Pierre Michael Unger , Pierre AugerAuger JulyJuly




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CEN-A UHECRs




ConclusionsConclusions: UHECR : UHECR byby HeHe--likelike and and UHE Tau at UHE Tau at horizonshorizons•• The The LightestLightest Nuclei UHECR Nuclei UHECR maymay explainexplain the the

AUGER AUGER anisotropyanisotropy signalsignal bentbent byby verticalvertical galacticgalactic fieldfield: No : No VirgoVirgo maybemaybe due due toto earlyearly GZK GZK forfor HeHe and and apparentapparent Super Super GalacticGalactic correlationcorrelation byby unfortunateunfortunate chance chance

•• FutureFuture--presentpresent AugerAuger UHECR UHECR mustmust cluster cluster aroundaround CenCen A spread A spread alongalong B_galB_gal. . AxisAxis. . MostlyMostly in NORTH side. The Ande in NORTH side. The Ande ShadowsShadows in AUGER in AUGER hideshides taustaus

•• Neutrino Neutrino apperanceapperance alsoalso the the edgeedge IN AMIGA IN AMIGA AND HEAT AND HEAT lowerlower edgesedges




First First newnew predictionspredictions forfor HeHe




More at More at PeVsPeVs spread spread energyenergy



MAGIC , while pointing a GRB , SGR or BL Lac Below The Horizons (~ 1% of the GRB-SGRs

events ) on rock behave (near EeV n t energy) as a 75 km3 NEUTRINO TELESCOPE

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astro-ph/0511597D. FargionProgh.Part.Nucl.Phys.57

(2006) 384-393.

http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Fargion_D/0/1/0/all/0/1




In In ConclusionConclusion, , whilewhile Nuclei Nuclei shineshine up up HorizontallyHorizontally, , upup--wardward Tau Tau airair--ShowerShower rise rise byby a Neutrino Sky under a Neutrino Sky under ourour ownown SkySky

: the : the EarthEarth …….Within.Within a a fewfew 22--3 3 yearsyears in AUGERin AUGER--AMIGAAMIGA--HEATHEAT

P, He

P, He



Thank you for the invitation andyour kind attention



SUSY Underground SUSY Underground withwith showersshowers

••IfIf UHE UHE neutralinoneutralino are are bornborn byby UHECR at the UHECR at the samesame rate of rate of UHE UHE neutrinosneutrinos ((asas in in topologicaltopological model model evaporationevaporation))

••ThanThan UHE UHE neutralinoneutralino maymay showershower in Underground Km^3in Underground Km^3



RealReal Energy Energy releasedreleased per SUSY per SUSY ShowersShowers: : ImprintImprint of of SelectronsSelectrons (and (and SquarkSquark) mass) mass



UHE UHE neutralinoneutralino scattering scattering ontoonto relicrelic light light neutrino neutrino leadingleading toto SneutrinoSneutrino -- BurstBurst

The UHE Neutralino-neutrino ShowersIn a Sneutrino-Burst as neutrino-anti-neutrino In Z-Burst model.A remind for ZBurst model, ableTo solve UHECRPuzzle by light relic0.4-0.1 eVneutrinoMass.



25 APRIL 2008 : a 25 APRIL 2008 : a hugehuge FlareFlare

•• Wow! Satellite Wow! Satellite CatchesCatches BrightBright SolarSolar FlareFlare FromFrom a a AnotherAnother StarStar•• Satellite Satellite CatchesCatches BrightBright SolarSolar FlareFlare FromFrom a a AnotherAnother StarStar

•• NASA's NASA's SwiftSwift satellite satellite pickedpicked up up oneone ofof the the brightestbrightest solarsolar flaresflares everever seenseen —— notnot fromfrom ourour ownown sunsun,,•• butbut a star 16 a star 16 lightlight--yearsyears awayaway. . ThisThis flareflare packedpacked the the powerpower ofof thousandsthousands ofof solarsolar flaresflares combinedcombined, , •• and a and a flareflare ofof thisthis magnitudemagnitude fromfrom ourour ownown sunsun wouldwould havehave strippedstripped EarthEarth's atmosphere and 's atmosphere and

sterilizedsterilized•• the the planetplanet. . AstronomersAstronomers saysay the the flareflare wouldwould havehave beenbeen visiblevisible toto the the nakednaked eyeeye on on AprilApril 25, 2008 25, 2008 •• ifif the star the star hadhad beenbeen easilyeasily observableobservable in the night in the night skysky at the at the timetime. As . As itit waswas, the , the flareflare's 's brightnessbrightness•• causedcaused SwiftsSwifts' ' UltravioletUltraviolet//OpticalOptical TelescopeTelescope toto shutshut down down forfor safetysafety reasonsreasons..•• ButBut SwiftSwift waswas ableable toto studystudy the the flareflare forfor overover 8 8 hourshours withwith itsits XX--rayray capabilitiescapabilities..

•• The The SwiftSwift satellite satellite normallynormally searchessearches forfor gamma gamma rayray burstsbursts,,•• and and isis surroundedsurrounded withwith detectorsdetectors thatthat look look forfor burstsbursts ofof light.light.•• The The spacecraftspacecraft thenthen ""swiftlyswiftly" and " and autonomouslyautonomously rere--pointspoints itselfitself toto the location the location ofof the the burstburst..•• HoweverHowever, , thisthis waswas no gamma no gamma rayray burstburst, just a , just a solarsolar flareflare. . ButBut whatwhat a a solarsolar flareflare!!

•• The star, EV The star, EV LacertaeLacertae, , isis a a basicbasic redred dwarfdwarf, the , the mostmost common common typetype ofof star in the star in the universeuniverse..•• ItIt shinesshines withwith onlyonly oneone percentpercent ofof the the SunSun's light, and 's light, and containscontains onlyonly a a thirdthird ofof the the SunSun's mass.'s mass.•• ItIt's 's oneone ofof ourour closestclosest stellar stellar neighborsneighbors, , butbut normallynormally isis notnot visiblevisible withwith the the nakednaked eyeeye, , •• asas itit holdsholds a a magnitudemagnitude ofof --10.10.




Radio versus UHECRRadio versus UHECR




UHECR versus IR: A UHECR versus IR: A clearclear NearbyNearby UniverseUniverse SignalSignal??



IcecubeIcecube mightmight butbut marginallymarginally



SkimmingSkimming meteoritesmeteorites and and asteroidsasteroids




Air Air ShowersShowers on the Crown on the Crown arrayarray telescopetelescope




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