nepal: vertical shaft brick kiln (vsbk) and other ... · vertical shaft brick kiln (vsbk) and other...

NEPAL: Vertical Shaft Brick Kiln (VSBK) and other Sustainable Construction Practices (SCP) Presented by: Heini Müller Senior Technical Advisor

Sustainable Construction Practices

Introduction

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Skat_founda+on Switzerland

Project start; January 2012 Project end; March 2015 Project activities are focused in 10 districts with very high infrastructure growth, however, VSBK’s are established all over the country

NEPAL

Reduce energy consumption and “black carbon” and “CO2 – emission” from the building material production sector


Project Objective

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Project Strategy

Increase the DEMAND for & SUPPLY of sustainable construction practices

Vertical Shaft Brick Kiln


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VSBK is the world’s cleanest brick firing technology In 2014: 70 VSBK shafts are operating in Nepal

35 VSBK shafts = 15 existing supported & 20 newly constructed by Switch Asia SCP Project

Focus technology group

VSBK performance compared with FC ND Straight line firing


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VSBK performance compared with FC ND Straight line firing


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Type

Energy Emissions

MJ / kg brick MJ per 100,000 bricks

Mass Emission Load

[ mgSPM/ kgbrick]

SO2 [ mgSO2 / kgbrick]

CO2 [ gCO2 / kgbrick]

Black Carbon BC

[ mgCarbon/ kgbrick]

VSBK Nepal 0.83 183,000 150 17 41 1.4

Fixed Chimney – Natural Draft, Straight Stacking

1.16 (+40%)

255,000 (+40%) 1,140 (+660%) 375 (+ 2,106%) 186 (+354%)

148 (+10,500%)

Rat Trap Bond


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Natural aggregate

Compared to English masonry bond, Rat Trap Bond uses 30% less bricks, 50% less cement and sand and is an excellent insulation brick wall and if bricks are fired in a VSBK, a staggering 60% less energy is required

Using natural aggregate for concrete work saves 15% cement and achieves the same compressive strength as crushed aggregates. Due to its natural form, workability can be achieved with a low water /cement ratio


RCC Door and Window frames


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Use of prefabricate RCC Door and Window frames, is reducing illegal forest cutting, is 50 % less costlier than timber, is not prone to termite attacks and above all provides new job opportunities through new enterprise. Initial frame mould, or business investment is below 500 $


Filler slab roofing technology proven


Achievements

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Filler slab: Overall concrete slab cost saving is 15% to 25% and concrete saving is 30%

Micro concrete roofing tile technology proven


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Micro concrete roofing tiles (MCR) Elegant roofing tile, cost and energy efficient, job creation end enterprise promotion with as low as 500 $ initial business investment

Achievements

Riverbed roofing tile technology proven


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Riverbed tiles, initial investment: 10 $ and 1 bag of Cement, production at riverside

Achievements

Ferro-cement channel roofing technology proven


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Ferro-cement roofing elements, local job creation, strong and appropriate for lightweight foundation design

Achievements

Behavioral changes have started


Achievements

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Local contractors for” National Highway Roads” are using Natural Aggregates for concreting works

More and more people apply sustainable construction practices (Load bearing RTB house) in Kapilvastu, Nepal

VSBK has become a challenge for the “establishment” and is being opposed by the “Business as usual”


Main Achievements

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Problems regarding sustainability in the construction has been realized by the government of Nepal

This project has proven “Sustainable Construction” options; application and skills are available

VSBK technology licenses are misused to construct other brick firing technologies


Main Challenges

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Seven Group situated in Chebetar in Gorkha Muncipality-9 is the first kiln in the district using VSBK technology which is energy efficient and emits 30-40 percent less CO2 compared to

traditional kilns.

República Newspaper reports; (14. May 2014)

Weak government policy and enforcement capacity


Main Challenges

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Social reluctance towards new technologies; behavioral changes need time

Skilled labor migrate to Gulf and other countries for “Better pay”

Capacity building


Solutions

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Rat Trap Bond and other construction skill training for men and women

Awareness creation


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Through local media, technical seminars, community visits & documentary films, Entrepreneur (EP) to EP site visits, group discussions, leaflet distributions, exhibition participation, website, national and international workshops

Solutions

Regional environment / emission policy enforcement


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Government officials visits to sustainable building material production units; an important and necessary experience for formulating an appropriate regional environment / emission policy

Solutions

Commercial dissemination of services


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Strengthening the capacity of Supply Chain Actors (SCA) such as the VSBK Association to provide professional services to new VSBK enterprises

Solutions

To meet the challenges for sustainable construction practices, technical and economical viable options are field proven and available in Nepal


Conclusion

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However, NON of the options will positively impact the Himalayan region and will become mainstream without a regional environment / emission policy and its strict enforcement.

Mr. Al Gore: 40% of the worlds population depend on the water from of the Himalayas.


Conclusion

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Therefore, gearing up practical actions to mitigate climate change must increase in a massive and international coordinated approach. NOT acting NOW is not an option for mankind

Thank you! SCP Project Head Office NEPAL P. O Box 6530, Manbhawan, Lalitpur

Phone No: +977-01-5554947 / 5554957 Fax: +977-01-5554947

Team Leader: Senior Technical Advisor Mr. Christian Wagner Mr. Heini Müller email: [email protected] email: [email protected] Please visit our website at: www.vsbk-scp.org

nepal: vertical shaft brick kiln (vsbk) and other ... · vertical shaft brick kiln (vsbk) and other...

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