nemo: network mobility in ipv6 applicability to intelligent … · 2007-11-30 · hnd-ovr secur mac...
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Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007
NEMO: Network Mobility in IPv6-
Applicability toIntelligent Transport Systems (ITS)
IETF NEMO WG & MonAmi6 WG Chair
INRIA IMARA project-team / JRU LARA
http://www.lara.prd.fr
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 2
Introduction: IPv6 Mobility Needs and UsagesIPv6 is the opportunity to use the Internet differently
New usages that nobody would ever think of in IPv4New usages = new services = new equipments = new business
End systems are becoming mobilePDAs, Mobile Phones, Laptops, Vehicles
Networks are becoming mobileSensor networks in vehiclesAccess networks in vehicles (bus, aircraft, taxi)PANs (Personal Area Networks): emergency units, army, everyone
Usages:Health-care (elderly or disabled people)Telematic/ITS (emergency call, fleet management, navigation, ...)Emergency units (Army / Police / Fire Crew)Education / Journalism / Tourism
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 3
ITS Usage: Need for communicationsITS: Intelligent Transportation Systems
Benefits of communicationsCollision avoidance (time critical)Vehicular congestion avoidance (time critical)Automatic driving (time critical)Fleet managementRemote Control & MonitoringOn-board entertainment
Communication protocol architecture from ISO TC204WG16 (CALM)
Based on IPv6 and mobility features (NEMO, etc)IETF is defining the standardsISO is defining the architectureOther bodies are validating the concept
Europe: CVIS - http://www.cvisproject.orgJapan
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 4
IP-Layer Mobility: Various communication medium
Internet
HA
V2V & V2I communication crucial for ITSIn-vehicle devices will require (continuous) Internet connectivityInternet connectivity will be provided transparently to theapplications through a range of access technologiesGPRS/3G, IEEE 802.11 a/b/g, IEEE 802.11p, DSRC, ...
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 5
IP-layer Mobility: In-vehicle network
Internet
HA
Vehicles will be fully networkedIn-vehicle networkPrefix (MNP: Mobile Network Prefix) is assigned to the mobilenetworkOn-board units (MNNs) have their addresses taken from MNP
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 6
IP-layer Mobility: Addressing in IPv6
AR Prefix-1::id_MR
HA
BR
Prefix-1
Prefix-2::id_MR
AR Prefix-2
Prefix-X::id_MR
Address must be topologically correctEach interface must have an @ formed after the prefix advertised on thelink where it is attachedChange of point of attachment = change of IP subnetChange of IP subnet = change of @ & routing directive
ProblemChanging IP address breaks connectionsRetaining IP address breaks routing
Mobility support mechanismsneeded to maintain ongoing sessions
Prefix-X::id_MR
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 7
IP-Layer Mobility: Network Mobility Support
HA
NEMO Basic Support manages mobility of the entire network.Only the Mobile Router manages mobilityCurrent address recorded at the HA (dedicated server)Nodes inside the moving network do not need to participatein mobility management
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 8
MNP P1/60
MR
NEMO: NEtwork MObility Basic Support (RFC 3963)
AR
InternetHA
P1/60 -> P2::/128 (MR-CoA)
Prefix P2/64
Prefix P1/48
NEMO WGCharter: http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/nemo-charter.html
Movement to a foreign linkMR and MNNs retain their initial addressesMR obtains a CoA on the foreign link
Registration with HAMNP -> MR-CoA instead of MR-HoA-> MR-CoA
RoutingEncapsulation between HA and MR
MNPS:MR D:HA
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 9
Network Mobility Support: Benefit
NEMO Basic Support
Network complexity brought back to the routerOnly the mobile router manages mobility and maintains Internet accessthrough ore or several access technologiesNodes behind the mobile router are standard IPv6 nodes with no mobilitysupport mechanisms
Mobile IPv6
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 10
MONAMI6: MObile Nodes And Multiple Interfaces in IPv6Charter: http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/monami6-charter.html
Path Set Up: How to establish multiple tunnels simultaneously ?MN/MR Must be able to register multiple CoAs
Path Selection: How to select the appropriate tunnel ?Policies must be exchanged between the HA and MN/MR
HA (Central System)HA (Central System)
MR (Vehicle System)MR (Vehicle System)
3::13::11::11::1
2::12::11::11::1
CoACoAHoAHoA
Binding CacheBinding Cache
InternetInternet
Mobile Edge Multihoming: IETF MonAmi6
802.11 interface: CoA 2::1 GPRS interface: CoA 3::1
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 11
MIP6
IPv6
MULTI6
NEMO
MIPSHOP
HostMobility
Multihoming
NetworkMobility
Signaling and handoffoptimization
IETF: IPv6 Mobility Activities
MobileIP
MIP4
MonAmi6
Shim6
MObile Nodes AndMultiple Interfaces
in IPv6
Host Mobility SupportProto: Mobile IP,HMIPv6, FMIPv6End sysyems that change point ofattachmentWG: MIP4, MIP6, MIPSHOP (+ IRTFMobOps)
Network Mobility SupportProto: NEMO Basic SupportEntire networks that change point ofattachmentWG: NEMO
Ad-hoc networksRouting protocols for infrastructure-less networksWG: MANET
MultihomingWG: MonAmi6, Shim6
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 12
IETF NEMO WG: Status
Charter: http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/nemo-charter.html
Aug. 2000: Initial discussion started in Mobile IP WGOct.2002: NEMO (NEtwork MObility) WG created
Chairs: Thierry Ernst / TJ Kniveton2002-2006 missionsdefine terminolog & requirementsstandardize a basic solution for network mobility supportissue problem statement for RO and multihoming
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 13
IETF NEMO WG: Status
Document StatusRFC 3963: NEMO Basic SupportRFC 4885: NEMO TerminologyRFC 4886: NEMO Goals and RequirementsRFC 4887: NEMO Home Network ModelsRFC 4888: NEMO Route Optimization Pb StatementRFC 4889: NEMO Route Optimization Sol. Space AnalysisRFC 4980: NEMO Multihoming AnalysisNEMO MIB: ongoingNEMO Prefix Delegation: ongoing
Related documents in MIP6 WGProblem Statement: Dual Stack MobilityMobile IPv6 Support for Dual Stack Hosts and Routers (DSMIPv6)
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 14
IETF NEMO WG: Status
2007 missionsGather NEMO requirements from 3 use casesAutomobileAviationPersonal mobile router
68th IETF presentation materialhttp://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/07mar/index.html
July 2007: Moving forwardNEMO, MonAmi6 and MIP are merging into a single WGMobility EXTensions for IPv6 (MEXT)
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 15
IETF MonAmi6 WG: StatusMONAMI6: MObile Nodes And Multiple Interfaces in IPv6
Charter: http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/monami6-charter.htmlInitial discussion started in the Mobile IP WG
Need and solutions to support multiple & simultaneous interfacesNeeded for NEMO and Mobile IP deployment
Oct. 2005: MONAMI6 WG createdChairs: Thierry Ernst / Nicolas Montavont
DeliverablesMotivations for a node using multiple interfaces and thescenarios where it may end up with multiple addressesAnalysis explaining what are the limitations for mobile hostshaving multiple addressesA protocol extension to Mobile IPv6 (RFC 3775) and NEMOBasic Support (RFC 3963) to support multiple registrationsA "Flow/binding policies exchange" solution for an exchangeof policies between mobile host/router and Home Agent
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 16
ISO TC204 WG16: CALMISO TechnicalCommittee 204: Currently 12 active WGs
http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_technical_committee.html?commid=54706
WG 16: Wide Area CommunicationsSince Y 2000 / Led by Russell Shields (Ygomi)CALM: Communication Architecture for Land Mobile
Renamed from Communications Air-interface, Long and Medium rangeDocs:
Web: http://www.calm.huCALM Handbook
7 sub-WGsSWG 16.0: CALM ArchitectureSWG 16.1: CALM MediaSWG 16.2: CALM NetworkSWG 16.3: Probe DataSWG 16.4: Application ManagementSWG 16.5: Emergency notifications (eCall)SWG 16.6: CALM ad-hoc subsystem
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 17
ISO TC204 WG16: 7 Sub Working Groups
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 18
Variable Message Sign
Hot-Spot(Wireless LAN)
Terrestrial BroadcastRDS, DAB
UMTSWiMAX
Beacon•CALM-M5•CEN-DSRC•CALM-IR
GPS, Galileo
Info-Broadcaster
BroadcastTransmitter
Vehicle-to-Vehicle (M5, IR, MM)
GSM-GPRS
Sat-Comm
PDA,SmartPhone
The generic Comm ArchitectureThe generic Comm Architectureis CALMis CALM
ISO TC204 WG16: CALM Communication Media
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 19
ISO TC204 WG16: CALM Communication MediaCommunication architecture allowing V2V, V2I andcontinuous Internet access through multiple radiotechnologies (potentially used simultaneously)
Media:Cellular (CALM 2G/3G) – cf CD 21212 & CD 21213Infrared light (IR) – cf CD 21214Microwave (CALM M5) – cf CD 21215
IEEE 802.11 a/b/g (WIFI)IEEE 802.11p (mobile WIFI)
Millimeter waves (CALM MM) – cf CD 21216Microwaves CEN DSRC
IPv6:Internet connectivityUnification layer of underlying technologiesStandardized at the IETF to replace IPv4 (current version)2128 available global addresses (instead of 232)
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 20
ISO TC204 WG16: Communication Scenarios
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 21
ISO TC204 WG16: CALM Architecture
CALMARCHITECTURECALMARCHITECTURE
- Standards thatareoutsideCALMscope- Standards thatareoutsideCALMscope SAP - ServiceAccessPoint–DataTransfer
SAP - ServiceAccessPoint–Management
MediaFunctionblocksshownabovemaybepartof amorecomprehensivecommunicationsdevice.
2Gcellularstdbyreference
CALM2GManagerISO21212
SAP
2Gcellularstdbyreference
CALM2GManagerISO21212
SAP
NetworkingManagementISO21210-3
CALMsystem
ManagementEntity(CME)
ISO21210-2
NETWORKINTERFACERoutingandMediaSwitchingbasedon IPv6
ISO21210-1
Non-CALM-awarePoint-to-pointAPPLICATIONS
Convergence LayerISO15628/ISO21210-5
SAP
CALM-AwareAPPLICATIONS
Layer5-7INTERNETSTANDARDS
SAP
SAP SAP
CommonStation,PHY, MAC,LLCManagersISO21210-4
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
DirectoryServicesISO21210-5 SAP
SAP
Non-CALM-awareIP (Internet)
APPLICATIONS
Convergence LayerIPsocket/ISO21210-5
SAP
SAPSAP
SAP
CALMMM
CALMMMManagerISO21216
SAP
CALMMM
CALMMMManagerISO21216
SAP
CALMM5
CALMM5ManagerISO21215
SAP
CALMM5
CALMM5ManagerISO21215
SAP
CALMIR
CALMIRManagerISO21214
SAP
CALMIR
CALMIRManagerISO21214
SAP
3Gcellularstdbyreference
CALM3GManagerISO21213
SAP
3Gcellularstdbyreference
CALM3GManagerISO21213
SAP
In- VehicleNetwork
LowerLayers
In-VehicleNetConvergenceISO212??
SAP
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 22
ProprietaryProtocolB
Proprietaryor
DedicatedRadioInterface
ProprietaryProtocolC
Proprietaryor
DedicatedRadioInterface
ProprietaryProtocolA
Proprietaryor
DedicatedRadioInterface
App. 1 App. 2 App. 3ALL ITS
APPLICATIONS
TCP UDP
Stream &RealtimeProtocols
ISODSRCL7
HTTP/SMTPProtocols
MAC
802.11pWAVE
InitHnd-ovrSecur
MAC
2G/3GGSM
InitHnd-ovrSecur
MAC
IR
InitHnd-ovrSecur
L2/UDP
…
IPv6 layer
ServiceQoS
InterfaceSelection
Handover
InterfaceQoS
ISO TC204 WG16: CALM Architecture
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 23
ISO TC204 WG16: CALM NetworkingCALM Networking: ISO 21210
21210-1: Internet Connectivity (Committee Draft)21210-2: Fast Application (draft)
Medium Selection & SwitchingHorizontal handover: between access points using the same mediaVertical handover: heterogeneous handoversPurpose: Continuous communication during handoffSelect the most appropriate media based on application needs
IP & non-IP servicesBased on IPv6 and mobility features (NEMO, MIPv6, etc)IPv6 not considered for time critical applications (collision avoidance)
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 24
CVIS: FP6 Integrated Project (IP)Cooperative Vehicle-Infrastructure System
http://www.cvisproject.orgFrom Feb. 2006 till Feb. 201061 partners / 12 countries / Total Budget: 41 Millions Euros
ObjectivesDevelop, trial & demonstrate
Inter-operable architecture for vehicular communicationsNovel applications for:
Cooperative traffic and road network monitoringCooperative road & traffic network management & controlCooperative logistics & fleet managementCooperative public transport & intermodality
VisionUse and extend existing standardsProduce open design and softwareOutput intended to be reused by other EC projects
CVIS: FP6 Integrated Project (IP)
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 25
CVIS: FP6 Integrated Project (IP)Communication Sub-Project (SP 2.1 COMM): Vehicle-Infrastructure communications
± 23 partnersApprox 23% of CVIS overall budgetSpecify & Implement communication architectureLiaison with other EU-funded projects / ISO / IETF / C2C-CC
Communication architecture inspired from ISO TC 204WG16 'CALM' architecture
CALM is adapted and simplified
CALM: Communications Air-interface, Long and Mediumrange
CALM Handbook: http://www.calm.hu
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 26
CVISHost
CVISRouter
Antenna
OEMGateway
SENS
SENS
CtrlCtrl
CVIS: Vehicle ConfigurationIn-vehicle IPv6 subnet
CVIS Router: Mobile Router maintaining Internet Access throughseveral physical interfacesCVIS Host: run dedicated ITS applicationsOEM: Gateway between IP and CAN
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 27
Roadside System
Vehicle System
CVIS: IPv6 Communications between subsystems
Internet
Central System
TunneledIPv6
(MNN)
VehicleHost
MobileRouter
Antenna
VehicleGateway
SENS
SENS
CtrlCtrl
Service
Centre
Control
Centre
Internet
Authority
Databases
HomeAgent
CentralHost
Gate-way
BorderRouter
CentralHost
Gate-way
BorderRouter
CentralHost
Gate-way
BorderRouter
VMS Ant
SENSCtrl
AccessRouter
RoadsideHost
RoadsideGateway
BorderRouter
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 28
Standard Automotive PC Hardware + RTLinux
AdvancedRouting
Antenna(Roof Layer)
Media HW
PlatformCore
Functions
CALM SWExtensions
5 +MDSRC
/GPSGalileo 2 /3G G IR
COMMManager
Rooftop Antenna IR
-Media plug in Manager
CVIS Router Platform Layers
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 29
FOAMHMI Security Vehicle API Mntg Agent
Operating System and Hardware
-Real timeapps
COMOserver
POMAMapping server
( )native JVM
( )Runtime environment OSGi
ParkBooking
SmartAccess
.DangGoods
CooperativeDriving
CooperativeGuidance
Apps
Services
PlatformCore
Functions
CALM Manager
Middleware
9
CVIS Router Platform Layers
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 30
CVIS: Communication Architecture Key FeaturesNEMO: Maintain Internet access
Continuous communication during handoffHorizontal handover: between access points using the same mediaVertical handover: heterogeneous handovers
MonAmi6: Mobile Edge multihomingManage simultaneous access to the Internet (multiple interfaces)
Medium Selection & SwitchingSelect the most appropriate media based on application needs
IPv4-IPv6 TransitionAllow IPv6 communications over IPv4 access networksAllow CVIS nodes to communicate with IPv4
IP & non-IP servicesIP not considered for time critical applications (e.g. collisionavoidance)
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 31
ITS Usage: Related Activities MonAmi6 WIDE
ICAR
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 32
ITS Usage: Related ActivitiesWIDEICAR
MonAmi6
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 33
ITS Usage: Self-Driving Cars (INRIA IMARA / LARA)IMARA Current Activities and Plans
Studying V2V and V2I communications under specific vehiculartraffic and IP access network patterns (experiment & simulation)Integrating NEMO & MANET (MANEMO)Using CVIS implementation
We are now actively pushing for ... ... IPv6
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 34
NEMO Usage: Emergency Units (PAN + Telematic)Techno
Wearable devices (IP phone, laptop, carrried by emergency doctor) +devices kept in vehicle (heartbeat sensor, GPS, ...)Vehicle maintains access to the Internet (multiple technologies) andprovides connectivity to wearable devices (WIFI)
ServicesVideo/Images transmitted from the accident to the headquarters (so far,dialogue with headquarters was made using a cellular phone)Heartbeat and temperature provided by sensors
Mobile ER Pilot Test in Japan (NAIST)http://www.ipv6style.jp/en/special/20051031_2/index.shtml
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 35
NEMO Usages: ValidationConformance and Interoperability testing
ETSIIPv6 test specifications and methodology (based on TTCN3 newtesting language)Plugtests
TAHI IPv6 and Moonv6 interoperability eventsEuropean Commission and associated projects
STFs (236, 256, 276)Go4IT, ANEMONE projects, …
IPv6 Logo Program Word-Wide Initiative5 teams in the technical committee (v6LC) linked to the IETF: Asia(TAHI, BII, TTA), USA (IOL-UNH),NEMO Basic Support in Gold logo
Current trend in EC projects is towards IPv6 (& NEMO)a testbed is needed for evaluating scenarios and solutions in real-life conditionssetting up required components of testbed is cumbersome
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 36
NEMO Validation Testbed: ANEMONEFP6 STREP
First large-scale IPv6 mobility-oriented testbed in Europehttp://www.ist-anemone.eu
Variety of test sitesWide-area outdoor & IndoorTypes: Campus / Metropolitan
Multiple IPv6 access technologies802.11 a/b/g, HiperLan, UMTS, GPRS
Mobility servicesNEMO / MIP6 / MCoAHA
IPv6 multimedia servicesWeb, Voice over IP, IP TV, Video on DemandExperimental IP Multimedia Subsystem
Security & Access control mechanismsTLS / IPsec
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 37
NEMO Validation Testbed: ANEMONE
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 38
Conclusion: NEMO from Research to DeploymentIETF is in charge of IPv6 protocols standardization (bricks)
WGs NEMO / MonAmi6 / MIP6 / etc.
Complete architecture are defined somewhere elsee.g. ISO for ITS (ISO TC204 WG16 – CALM)
NEMO implementations & products:SHISA (BSD), NEPL (Linux), CISCO, etc.
Test & ValidationANEMONE (EC IST 6th Framework http://www.ist-anemone.eu/)Proof of Concept: Progressing technical know-how (e.g. CVIS)Conformance test & interoperability
Deployment:coming soon
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 39
Conclusions: ITSISO is defining the CALM architecture
Uses IETF standards (IPv6, NEMO, etc)CVIS is validating the CALM architecture conceptCVIS know-how can improve ISO standards and help the IETF todevelop new standards needed for ITS communications
IP is the convergence layerwill allow interoperability between V2V and V2I architectureswill allow interoperability between dedicated ITS applications andother Internet usageswill save costs and boost innovation
IPv6 is not an option for wide development of IP-based ITSapplications
ITS needs the advanced features provided by IPv6 (NEMO, etc)ITS needs a large address space: millions of vehicles with multipledevices each requiring a public global address
Toomany vehicles for NAT
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 40
Conclusions: The ITS WorldThe ITS world
Well-marketed and organized industryExisting businesses very reluctant to new technologiesStrong inertia to changeProprietary communication systemsLimited IP-based solutions / use cellular networks
The IST world and IPv6Only discovering IPv6No experience in IPv6 development and operationDoesn't know what are the benefits of IPv6 and the limits of IPv4The more informed ones think that the transition from IPv4 to IPv6is transparent to their businessIPv6 not an option for wide development of IP-based ITSapplicationsNot considering IPv6 from the early design will bring costs
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 41
Conclusions: IPv6 FactsWhen do we need to start to think about IPv6 ? NOW !
DeploymentNot considering IPv6 from the early design will bring costsIPv6 is currently being deployed (not an utopia) and doesn'trequired to shut down IPv4IPv6 will be the norm by the time new usages get deployedMake sure applications deployed today are IPv6-compliant
IPv4 address space exhaustion date recently revisedIANA count down set to Dec. 2009http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/http://xkcd.com/c195.htmlhttp://www.arin.net/statistics/statistics.pdfhttp://www.arin.net/announcements/20070521.html
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007 42
Conclusion: France and IPv6A long history
INRIA involved in IETF specifications since the first dayINRIA developed first IPv6 stack
G6Association set up 10 years ago to deploy an IPv6 testbed betweena number of universities –IPv6 fully operational within RenaterIPv6 training (tutorials, etc)IPv6 book
IPv6 Task Force FranceLaunched at the Sénat in Sept.2002Part of the G6 since 2007: http://www.g6.asso.fr/tffNot enough involvment from the industryMostly academia
Thierry Ernst – Global IPv6 Summit – Mexico - November 2007
Questions ?
IETF NEMO WG & MonAmi6 WG Chair
INRIA IMARA project-team / JRU LARA
http://www.lara.prd.fr