Nearly Zero Energy Buildings in municpal practice

Evi Tzanakaki

Architect MSc

Department of Buildings, Energy Efficiency Division

nZEB Definition

DIRECTIVE 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings

‘nearly zero-energy building’ means a building that has a very high energy performance, as determined in accordance with the

Common general framework for the calculation of energy performance of buildings.

The nearly zero or very low amount of energy required should be covered to a very significant extent by energy from renewable sources, including energy from renewable sources produced on-site or nearby

“Energy performance of buildings” directive 2010/31/EU

• 2019: nZEB-standard for public buildings

• 2021: ALL new buildings (and renovations)

• „achieving cost-optimal levels…“ 2010/31/EU, Art. 4.1

new/existing buildings

different categories of buildings.

a Member State shall not be required to set minimum energy performance requirements which are not cost-effective over the estimated economic lifecycle

nZEBs:

Challenges for the decade

Greece on the road to nZEB?

All new buildings category B

Also buildings with major renovation

National Plan for increasing nZEB

- Specifications

- Intermediate targets

Achievement of intermediate targets?

Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (new and renovated)

2010 to date

2015

2019 2021

after 2013 ?

GREEK LAW 4122 (19/2/2013) Transposition of the 2010/31/EU Directive

Building Code Law 4067/2012 Article 25 Incentives for minimal energy consumption buildings

1. A+ buildings including maximum energy efficiency, CHP and RES receive 5 % increase of the building coefficient

2. buildings with total energy consumption <10 kWh/m2/year receive 10% increase of the building coefficient

Towards nZEB in Greece

Optimal solution?

requirements shall take account of general indoor climate conditions, in order to avoid possible negative effects such as inadequate ventilation, as well as local conditions and the designated function and the age of the building

Optimal solution?

Assumption:

1.nZEBs will become mainstream in Europe, if stakeholders and the public are well informed and both consider sustainable building as a matter of course

2.The wide-spread use of sustainable building technologies can be accelerated by creating local seeds as starting points for technology diffusion all over Europe.

on the road to nZEB

What can be done?

1. Currently, there is a lack of intense actions to spread knowledge about nZEB.

2. Citizens will be better prepared and more willing to adopt nZEB, if their municipality sets an example

3. Raising awareness towards nZEB among local authorities and building planners becomes a key factor.

4. As soon as you overcome the lack of technical knowledge, municipalities get more & more interested in nZEB and RES

5. Municipalities are proud to participate in (inter)national initiatives

nZEBs in municipal

practice: Assumptions

1. nZEB requires a motivated town administration (mayor or high-level officials)

2. Financial crisis and / or missing funds – lack of money

3. nZEB standards not established at national level

4. nZEB requirements usually not set in municipalities

5. Green procurement is still limited in many countries

6. No building projects within timeframe of your action

7. Building professionals and owners should work together Integrated Energy Design Process beginning at the very first stage

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nZEBs in municipal

practice: Challenges

Close cooperation with the municipality leading to nZEB-tender for a new elementary school (EE requirements & mandatory IED incl. RES):

STANDARDS SET FOR TENDER

• 40% of total primary energy from RES

• 60% of hot water supplied by RES

• Min. of 20W installed electric capacity per m² covered by RES (PV, Wind…)

• Max. 30kWh/m²a heating demand

• Max. 20kg/m²a CO2-emissions

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nZEBs in municipal

practice: Example: Meran/Merano IT

Municipal nZEBs in Europe

AIDA project SHINING EXAMPLES

new nZEB buildings

renovated nZEB buildings

32 Apartments 60,96 to 88,71 m² net

area

Energy demand for

heating

11,6 kWh/m²a

PV-system 400 m² (50 kwp) on the

roof

Heating and

domestic hot water

system

200 m² solar thermal

collectors

District heating

Pictures: Arch. Nussmüller, AEE INTEC

Residential Building Renovated to a Plus Energy Building in Kapfenberg / Austria (in 2012/13)

Plus-Energy-Office Renovated to a Plus Energy Building in Vienna / Austria (2012/13)

Office Tower of the Vienna University of Technology Gross floor area 7.322 m² (10 storeys)

Energy demand

for heating

3,4 kWh/m²a

Energy demand

for cooling

2,5 kWh/m²a

Energy demand

for lighting

5,6 kWh/m²a

Energy demand

for ventilation

1,0 kWh/m²a

PV-system Austrias largest PV

system on the roof

and the facade

Heating and

domestic hot

water system

Heat pump & district

heating

Blood bank of Catalonia nZEB Office building

• Office building (16.600m²)

• Exterior Wall U=0.3 W/m²K, G-Value

glass front 0.27

• Heating demand 8 kWh/m²a

• Cooling demand 24 kWh/m²a

• Solar thermal and photovoltaic system

on the roof

Vocational school (school, office, workshop, dorm & canteen) nZEB in Amstetten, Austria

Multifunctional

building

Energy

demand for

heating

20 kWh/m²a

PV-system 5 kwp tracking

system

Heating and

domestic hot

water system

Biomass district

heating system

Green Neighborhood in Agia Varvara Nearly Zero Energy Retroffitng of 4 Social Housing Blocks

Funding

Source

Operational Programme „Environment and

Sustainable Development“

+ Sponsors (technology providers)

Phase 1st block shell retrofit complete

Teneder procedrues started for the remaining

Energy demand for

heating

32 kWh/m²a

Energy demand for

cooling

17,85 kWh/m²a

Energy saved 76%

Geothermal Heat

Pumps contribution

0,350MWp

21,7 kWh/m²a

PV-system 0.040 MWp

Budget 7.154.194

public +

256.408 private

Municipal Library of Loutraki Renovation and addition, integration of passive solar systems

Energy demand for

heating

1,36 kWh/m²a

Energy demand for

cooling

57,68 kWh/m²a

Energy saved 91% Heating

41% Cooling

Geothermal Heat

Pumps

16,6 kW heating

14,0 kW cooling

Building

envelope

• Increased insulation

• Trombe wall

• Green roof

• External moveable shading systems

Municipal practice

continued…

Multi-family house

Kapfenberg

Plus Energy Network

Reininghaus - Smart City Graz

www.sb13.org/index.php/en/programme/excursions

Multi-family house Zanklhof

• Decarbonisation in the building sector can be achieved „easily“ and should therefore be realised.

• Inertness of the building sector measures should be taken right now and show high effectiveness

• Policy measures for minimum standards & national implementation of EPBD (31/2010/EU)

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Lessons Learnt (1)

• Combined heat & power (CHP) district heating systems in urban areas (high heat density)

• Many interlinkages between energy efficiency, heat- and electricity sector and energy storage; role model Denmark

• High potential for solar- and ambient heat in nZEBs due to low flow temperature

• PV becomes more and more attractive

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Lessons Learnt (2)

• Do not create competition among energy efficiency and renewable energy sources, instead push an optimal use of synergies!

• The requirements of a sustainable energy supply are enormous; all available options are needed!

• It‘s a long way but be positive…

Lessons Learnt (3)

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Technische Universität Wien, Energy Economics Group, AT

AEE - Institute for Sustainable Technologies, AT

CIMNE BEEGROUP, Building Energy and Environment, ES

Centre for Renewable Energy Sources and Saving, EL

EURAC research Institute for Renewable Energy, IT

Geonardo Environmental Technologies Ltd., HU

HESPUL - énergies renouvelables & efficacité énergétique, FR

IREC - Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, ES

Greenspace Live Ltd., UK

Energy Cities, FR Co-ordinator:

Raphael Bointner

Vienna University of Technology, Energy Economics Group (EEG)

Bointner@eeg.tuwien.ac.at, +43(0)1-58801-370372, www.eeg.tuwien.ac.at

Affirmative Integrated

Energy Design Action - AIDA

Visit our homepage!

Special thanks:

Raphael Bointner

Vienna University of Technology

Energy Economics Group (EEG)

www.eeg.tuwien.ac.at

Thank you for your attention!

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