naval institute press spring 2016 catalog

7/25/2019 Naval Institute Press Spring 2016 Catalog

1/56

;4% Joo ojr ^.W. @evef B`stbtutn Cncinrs

Wprb`m 945?

@evef

B`stbtutn

Trnss


2/56

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Oju`knk b` 51=7, tan ^.W. @E_EF B@W[B[^[Nbs tan

b`knpn`kn`t ojruc ojr tajsn waj kern tj rnek, tab`l,

spnel, e`k wrbtn b` jrknr tj ekve`gn tan prjonssbjèf,

fbtnrery, e`k sgbn`tbstg u`knrste`kb`m jo sne pjwnr

e`k jtanr bssuns grbtbgef tj mfjief sngurbty. Rjur

cncinrsabp n`surns taet tan @evef B`stbtutn gerrbns

j` bts vbtef cbssbj` es [an B`knpn`kn`t Ojruc jo tan

Wne Wnrvbgnse pfegn wanrn ornn e`k b`knpn`kn`t

knietn cey jurbsa.

5 @nw Tuifbgetbj`s

51 Garj`bgfns Wnrbns

97 Yngn`t Ynfnesns

92 Jref Abstjry Trjmrec

74 ]annf Ijjl Wnrbns

75 Abstjry jo ^`btnk Wtetns @evefJpnretbj`s b` ]jrfk ]er BB

79 Ynvjfutbjèry ]er

79 ]er jo 5159

79 Gbvbf ]er

79 ]jrfk ]er B

77 ]jrfk ]er BB

7> Gjfk ]er

7? _bntèc

7? Breq & Eomae`bste`

7? Emn jo Webf

7? Evbetbj`

7= Iettfnsabps, Knstrjynrs, & Cjrn

72 Ibjmrepay & Cncjbr

;4 Gabè e`k tan Esbe-Tegbstg

;5 Gurrn`t Efflebrs

;5 Nspbjèmn & B`tnffbmn`gn

;5 Obgtbj`

;9 Mn`nref Cbfbtery e`k @evef Abstjry

;9 95st Gn`tury Oju`ketbj` Wnrbns;; Fneknrsabp

;; Yjyef @evy

;; ]nepj`s e`k Wtretnmy

;> Trjonssbjèf Ynekb`m Fbst

;> Ifun & Mjfk Trjonssbjèf Fbirery

;? ^WCG Ynekb`m Fbst

;? Wgerfnt & Mjfk Trjonssbjèf Fbirery

;? @evy Ynekb`m Trjmrec

;= _ntnre`s Efflebrs;= Cjknfb`m

;= @evbmetbj` & Wnece`sabp

;1 @jw Iegl b` Trb`t e`k Evebfeifn b` N-Ijjl

>4 B`knx

>9 Jrknrb`m Bòjrcetbj`

Gjvnr8 J` = Eumust 9441, et We` Kbnmj, Gefbojr`be, sebfjrs j`

ijerk tan gerrbnr Lbtty Aewl(G_ ?7) kbspfeynk e ajcngjcb`m

pn`è`t es tan sabp rntur`nk tj tan ^.W. eotnr jpnretb`m ojr

tn` yners b` Rjljsule, Hepe`. ^WW Mnjrmn ]esab`mtj`(G_@

=7) rnpfegnk Lbtty Aewl es tan @evys gerrbnr jpnretb`m orjc

Hepe`. Lbtty Aewl wes kngjccbssbj`nk b` Cey 9442, eotnr

cjrn tae` ;1 yners jo snrvbgn. (^.W. @evy)

^.W. @E_EF B@W[B[^[N

CNCINY KBWGJ^@[ @J]

Hjb` j`fb`n etwww.us`b.jrm/hjb jr geff 144-977-1=?;

Ingjcn e Cncinr jo tan

^.W. @evef B`stbtutn @J] tj rngnbvn

Cncinr Kbsgju`ts j` EFF Ijjls!

@E_EF B@W[B[^[N TYNWW

WTYB@M 945? GE[EFJMJfflnr vefbk tarjuma Hu`n 5, 945?

Fbst Trbgn j` Eff @nw Ijjls b` tan

;4% JOO

[an ]jrfks Fnekb`m @evef e`k Cbfbtery Tuifbsanr sb`gn 5121. J`fb`n et www.`bp.jrm.

Ojffjw us j` [wbttnrD^[email protected]/@evefB`stbtutn

Fbln us j` Oegnijjl Ojffjw ^s^.W. @evef B`stbtutn


3/56[j jrknr geff 5-144-977-1=?; jr mj j`fb`n et www.`bp.jrm

TABFBT @JFE@[an Ce` ]btajut e Gju`try

Iy Gaugl Toerrnr

Tabfbp @jfe`8 [n Ce` ]btajut e Gju`try bs GauglTerrnrs geptbvetb`m ekeptetbj` j Nkwerk Nvnrntt AefnsEcnrbge` gfessbg [n Ce` ]btajut e Gju`try, strstpuifbsank b`[n Etfe`tbg Cj`tafycjrn tae` e gn`turyemj. Cestnruffy ifn`kb`m abstjry e`k stgtbj`, Terrnr tnffstan stjry j e yju`m ertbffnry jgnr, Tabfbp @jfe`, wajingjcns ncirjbfnk b` Eerj` Iurrs 514= gj`spbregy tjb`vekn tan tnrrbtjrbns j tan Fjubsbeè Turgaesn. B`sbùetb`mabs sgancn aes jgbef epprjvef, Iurr gj`vb`gns @jfe` tjgerry e gjknk cnssemn b`tj tan Jrfne`s nrrbtjry. @jfeàes `j l`jwfnkmn j tan jrcnr vbgn prnsbkn`ts b`tn`knktrnesjè`k Iurr aes `j bkne taet [jces Hnfflnrsj` aeskbsgjvnrnk abs sgancn. Wjj` Tabfbp @jfe` bs b` cbfbtery

gustjky wbta Iurr, gaermnk e` eggnssjry tj tan pfjt.

[n ètbj` ajfks bts irneta es Iurr bs trbnk jr ettncptb`mtj tner epert tan ^`bj`. [n gaermns emeb`st Iurr snncbrj`gfek, iut abs fewynrs ern gfnvnr, e`k Iurr wefls rnn. E`ncierressnk prjsngutbj` fjjls jr e sgepnmjet, e`k nxpe`kstan gaermns emeb`st @jfe` tj b`gfukn knsnrtbj` e`k snkbtbj`.Fner`b`m taet abs jw` gjurt certbef wbff prjgnnk, knspbtnIurrs egqubttef, @jfe` kn`ju`gns abs eggusnrs, kec`s absgju`try, e`k tnffs tan gjurt an wbsans `nvnr emeb` tj anertan wjrks ^`btnk Wtetns es fj`m es an fbvns. [n hukmnsrntur` wbta e` jcb`jus vnrkbgt8 tan prbsj`nrs wbsa wbffin mre`tnk. @jfe` bs sn`tn`gnk tj pnrce`n`t nxbfn eijerk

e snrbns j ^.W. wersabps, `nvnr emeb` tj aner `nws rjc jrspnel j abs gju`try.

Kngekns pess. Wauttfnk rjc jgne` tj jgne`, @jfe` rnefbznsan bs e stetnfnss pnrsj`, nstre`mnk rjc abs lnnpnrs e`k jr-mjttn` iy abs gju`try. Nvn`tueffy pessnk eijerk e` Ecnr-bge` rbmetn b` tan Cnkbtnrre`ne`, @jfe` gjcns b`tj tangustjky j e `nwfy gjccbssbj`nk fbnutnè`t, Ore`l Gurre`.

]an` Ieriery pbretns gepturn e` Ecnrbge` waefnsabp, tanpebr bs krew` b tj e wni j b`tnrètbj ef kngnbt e`k cjrtef ke`mnr. Es e rnsgun cbssbj` bs feu`gank, @jfe` tnegans tan yju m jgnr e fnssj` eijukuty, fjyefty, e`k tan cne`b`m j petrbjtbsc.

Nquef perts ekvn`turn, evef abstjry, e`k cjrefbty tefn,Tabfbp @jfe`8 [n Ce` ]btajut e Gju`trybs cjrn tae` rbmetn kunfs e`k sceff ijet egtbj`s

B`trbgetnfy pfjttnk e`k ineutbuffy greonk, tan jvnf bs e pjbmè`t e`k gfjsnfy jisnrvnk nxecbètbj` j tan auce gj`kbtbj`.GA^GL TOEYYNYbs e jrcnr @evy WNEF tur`nk sgrnn`wrbtnr e`k eutajr. An aes wrbttn` snvn` Ajffywjjk ifjgliustnrs, b`gfukb`m [n Heglef,Ynk

Tfe`nt,Kerlce ,Aerk ermnt,@evy WNEFs, e`k _brus. An bs efsj tan@nw Rjrl bcnsinst-snffb`m eutajr j WNEF ermnt Mnrj`bcj8 [n B`sbknWtjry j tan Cbssbj` tj Lbff Jsece ib` Fekn` , ]errbjr Wjuf8 [n Cncjbr j e @evy WNEF, e`k tan grbtbgeffy eggfebcnk jvnfLbffb`m Gan.

ETYBF 945?| 794 pp. | ?51 x 2 | ObgtbjÀerkgjvnr8 $92.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5->255;->?;-?


4/569 [an ]jrfks Fnekb`m @evef e`k Cbf btery Tuif bsanr sb`gn 5121.

OBYN OYJC [AN WLRWnewjfo Mu`sabps b` tan Cnlj`m KnfteIy Ybgaerk L`jtt

[n Wnewjfvns wnrn e lb`k j spngbef jpnretbj`s jrgn b` tanbr jw` rbmat,prjvbkb`m WNEFs e`k jtanrs b` tan Cnlj`m Knfte wbta tan sjrt j repbkrnspj`sn suppjrt wn gjufk efweys gju`t j`, j cettnr waet. B ec efbvntjkey ingeusn j tanbr irevnry e`k tnègbty. Obrn rjc tan Wlybs tanbrstjry e k bt bs e mjjk j n.Yner Ekc. [jc Aufl Ybgaerks, ^W@,WNEF nec J`n, Xufu Tfetjj`

Obrn ojc tan Wly bs tan strst gjcpfntn abstjry j tan cjst kngjretnk@evy squekrj` j tan _bntèc ]er. Ybgaerk L`jtt tnffs tan kre-cetbg abstjry j tan AEF-7 Wnewjfvns, tan ^.W. @evy's strst e`k j`fyanfbgjptnr mu`sabp squekrj` j tan _bntèc ]er. [n squekrj` wesnsteifbsank b` gju`try tj suppjrt tan est, pumègbjus rbvnr petrjfijets j tan irjw` wetnr evy. Ofyb`m gjciet-wjr` Aunys ijrrjwnkrjc tan Ercy, tan cbssbj` j tan Wnewjfvns qubglfy nxpe`knk tjb`gfukn repbk rnspj`sn ebr suppjrt tj e`y rbn`kfy jrgn b` tan Knfte`nnkb`m bccnkbetn essbste`gn. [n Wnewjfvns b`snrtnk WNEFs knnpb`tj n`ncy tnrrbtjry, e`k nxtregtnk tanc, jon` knspbtn sevemn n`ncyjppjsbtbj`. [ny rnsgunk rbn`kfy gjciete`ts rjc efcjst gnrteb`gepturn jr kneta, e`k nveguetnk tan wju`knk wan` Cnknveg anfb-gjptnrs wnrn jt evebfeifn.

GET[. YBGAEYK L@J[[, W@ (YN[.)bs tan eutajr j [n Ecnrbge` Ofyb`mIjet,Ifegl Get Yebknrs j ]]BB, e`kE Anrbtemn j ]b ms. An bs erngbpbn`t j tan Ekcbref Ertaur ]. Yekjrk Ewerk jr Nxgnffn`gn b`@evef Evbetbj` Abstjry e`k Fbtnreturn e`k tan Efrnk [eynr CeaeÈwerk jr Fbtnrery Egabnvncn`t. An fbvns wbta abs wbn, Nfne`jr, bÒebrex, _brmb`be.

]EY ]B[AJ^[ OYJ@[W[an Ecnrbge` Nxpnrbn`gn b` _bntècIy [ajces G. [aeynr]bta e @nw B`trjkugtbj` iy Mrnmjry E. Kekkbs

". . . B tab`l bt bs j`n j tan inst ijjls Bvn nvnr rnek j` tan wer, wbta pemneonr pemn j mjjk, useifn, kbspessbjètn kete, cuga j bt gju`tnrb tubtbvn.[jces N. Ybgls,Ojrnbm` Tjfbgy

B` 521> [jces G. [eynrs ]er ]btajut Orj`tsjfflnrnk e wnefta jkete e`k eèfysbs j` ^.W. cbfbtery jpnretbj`s kurb`m tan _bntèc ]ee`k prjvbknk e rnsa e`k prjvjgetbvn teln j` tan bècjus gj`bgt

Fj`m jut j prb`t, tabs nw nkbtbj` sajufk egbfbtetn tan j`mjb`m gj`vnrsetbj` eijut ajw tan Ecnrbge` wer b` _bntèc gj`tbùns tj snrves e gjcperbsj` jr cjrn rngn`t .W. jvnrsnes cbfbtery gecpebm`s.

E systncs eèfyst jr tan Jgn j tan Wngrntery j Knn`sn kurb`m tafetn 52?4s e`k nerfy 52=4s, [jces [eynr's wjrl jfflnrs e` b`sbknrs

vbnw j Ecnrbge` cbfbtery stretnmy kurb`m tan _bntèc ]er e`k jajw cbfbtery jpnretbj`s efflngtnk tan _bntècnsn pnjpfn.

[AJCEW G. [AERNY(527?2?) snrvnk b` ucnrjus pjsbtbj`s wbtab`tan ^.W. Knpertcn`t j Knn`sn, rntbrb`m es essbste`t kbrngtjr j tansenmuerks kbvbsbj` j tan @ugfner Ynmufetjry Gjccbssbj`. Kurb`mtan _bntèc ]er, an kbrngtnk tan Wjutanest Esbe kbvbsbj` j systnceèfysbs b` tan jgn j tan Wngrntery j Knn`sn.

MYNMJYR E. KEKKBWbs e` essjgbetn prjnssjr j abstjry et Gaepce`^`bvnrsbty. An bs tan eutajr j@j Wurn _bgtjry8 Cnesurb`m .W. Ercy

Nfflngtbvn`nss, Trjmrnss b` tan _bntèc ]ere`k ]nstcjrnfe`ks ]erYnessnssb`m Ecnrbge` Wtretnmy b` _bnt ec.

ONIYÊYR 945?| 911 pp. | ? x 2 | Abstjry _bntèc ]er?4 i/w pajtjs | 5 cep | 5 fb`n krewb`m

Tepnriegl8 $9;.2> | BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-==?-7

@N]TIFBGE[BJ@W

ONIYÊYR 945?| 794 pp. | ? x 2 | Abstjry _bntèc ]er;9 i/w pajtjs | 5? ceps | *Wajrt Kbsgju`t [nxtijjl

Tepnriegl8 $92.2>* | BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-259-1



ONIYÊYR 945?| 911 pp. | ? x 2 | Abstjry ]jrfk ]er BB594 i/w pajtjs e`k ceps

Aerkgjvnr8 $71.2> (^WEG) | BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-191-2

WGA@NFFIJJ[NE Gjcpfntn Jpnretbjèf AbstjryIy Fewrn`gn Tetnrsj`

[n Lrbnmscerb`ns Wga`nffijjtnest ettegl ijets jr N-ijets tj tanEffbnswnrn tan prbcery Mnrce` evef ettegl u`bts b` gjestef wetnrstarjumajut tan Wngj`k ]jrfk ]er. Jpnretb`m gfjsn tj tanbr verbjusiesns tany ingecn e knvestetb mfy nfflngtbvn wnepj` b` `nerfy eff tanLrbnmscerb`ns tanetnrs j wer, rjc tan Ieftbg tj tan Cnkbtnrre`neè`k tan Ifegl Wne. Bt wes b` tan N`mfbsa Gae``nf, ajwnvnr, taettan Wga`nffijjtn sgjrnk tanbr cjst `jteifn suggnssns, knstrjyb`msjcn jrty wersabps e`k cjrn tae` j`n au`krnk cnrgae`t sabps.

B` ekkbtbj` tj b`tnrgnptbj` e`k ettegl, tan ijets wnrn efsj usnk jrcb`nfeyb m, fe`kb`m seijtemn trjjps, e`k mn`nref nsgjrt kutbns.

j ketn, tanrn aes inn` `j gjcprnan`sbvn jpnretbjèf abstjry j tanWga`nffijjtn. Ajwnvnr, kun tj tan rnfetbvnfy sceff ucinr j u`bts,eutajr Fewrn`gn Tetnrsj` bs eifn tj rngju`t tan kutbns, etns, e`kgernnrs j nega b`kbvbkuef greo b` tabs `nw ijjl. B` ekkbtbj`, tansceffnr Wga`nffijjtns knsbm`nk jr jpnretbj`s efj`msbkn tan gjc-ce`kj u`bts j tan Lfnb`lecpvnri`kn ern gjvnrnk. Es tan wer

prjmrnssnk, Wga`nffijjtns sufflnrnk rjc tan b`grnesnk Effbnk cestnryj tan snes e`k slbns iut tany wnrn e jrcbkeifn jn rbmat tj tan n`k.[bs nw ijjl bs tan strst tj kj uff hustbgn tj tanbr rngjrk j suggnss.

FE]YN@GN TE[NYWJ@ aes spn`t ce`y yners rnsnergab`m espngts j

Mnrce` èvef jpnretbj`s e`k aes wrbttn` cjrn tae` tn` ijjls j`verbjus espngts j tan -ijet wer, cjst rngn`tfyK`btzs Fest Mecifne`kIfegl Ofem.

[AN ^.W. GJEW[ MÊYK B@ ]]BBIy Cefgjfc O. ]bffjumaiy

[n b`tbcetn vbnw j tan .W. Gjest Muerks krecetbg ]jrfk ]er Brngjrk aes fj`m inn` gj`sbknrnk e gfessbg. Obrst puifbsank b` 52>=e`k jut j prb`t jr yners, tan ijjl bs `jw evebfeifn b` pepnrieglAe`ksjcnfy bffustretnk wbta cjrn tae` twj au`krnk pajtjmrepastan ijjl snrvns es e u`bqun cncn`tj j j`n j tan cjst bffustrbjus

pnrbjks b` tan Gjest Muerks twj-au`krnk-yner abstjry.

[n eutajr jfflnrs e stjry rnpfntn wbta b`gbkn`ts j knvjtbj` einyj`k tan geff j kutykerb`m rnsguns, ekvn`turjus abma-snecbssbj`s, anrjbg gjciet egtbj`tj gfnerfy kncj`stretn tan vbterjfn tan snrvbgn pfeynk b` tan Effbnk wer nffljrt. E snesj`nk ]jrfk]er B vntnre` waj hjb`nk tan Gjest Muerk ncpjrery Ynsnrvnb` 52;9, Cefgjfc ]bffjumaiy aes gjvnrnk nvnry espngt j tanGjest Muerks b`vjfvncn`t b` tan wer et sne, b` tan ebr, e`k eajcn. Orjc tan b`vesbj` j @jrce`ky, wanrn Gjest Muerkscn`fe`knk tajuse`ks j Ecnrbge`s e`k rnsgunk sjcn 5,>44 stre`knkb` tan sur, tj Muekefgeèf, wanrn tany rnsgunk tarnn gjcpe`bns jCerb`ns treppnk j` tan inega, tabs garj`bgfn vbvbkfy rngju`ts tansn

wnff-kjgucn`tnk jpnretbj`s e`k fbttfn-l`jw` stjrbns j b`kbvbkuetrbucpas e`k tremnkbns es wnff.

CEFGJFC O. ]BFFJ^MAIR(52979444) wes e` b`vnstcn`t gju`snfjb` Erfb`mtj`, Cessegausntts, wanrn an hjb`nk tan Gjest Muerk

Ynsnrvn b` 52;9 es e fbnutnè`t e`k snrvnk es slbppnr j e petrjf ijetb` Ijstj` Aerijr. B` 52;> an wes eppjb`tnk abstjrbgef jgnr jtan Obrst @evef Kbstrbgt e`k fetnr wrjtn Gjest Muerk b`stbtutbjèfabstjrbns et e ètbjèf fnvnf.

ONIYÊYR 945?| ;99 pp. | 1 x 54 | Abstjry @evef949 i/w pajtjs | 9= i/w ceps

Tepnriegl8 $7?.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-?4?-7


6/56; [an ]jrfks Fnekb`m @evef e`k Cbf btery Tuif bsanr sb`gn 5121.

@N]TIFBGE[BJ@W YNI^[[EF

[an GBE Ynspj`ks tj tan WnètnB`tnffbmn`gn Gjccbttnns Wtuky jo BtsKntn`tbj` e`k B`tnrrjmetbj` Trjmrec

Nkbtnk iy Ibff AerfjwB` Kngncinr 945; tan Wnètn Wnfngt Gjccbttnn j`B`tnffbmn`gn (WWGB) rnfnesnk e` nxngutbvn succery je sbx-tajuse`k-pemn stuky j tan GBEs kntn`tbj` e`kb`tnrrjmetbj` j ef Uebke tnrrjrbsts. [juma wbfkfybègguretn, iekfy gj`gnbvnk, e`k pjjrfy nxngutnk, tansuccery wes wbknfy eggnptnk es egt. B` nerfy 945>tabs succery wes puifbsank b` ijjl jrc e`k tbtfnk[n Wnètn B`tnffbmn`gn Gjccbttnn Ynpjrt j` jrturn .Cjst prnss eggju`ts bm`jrnk tan egt taet tan WWGBcb`jrbty steffl e`k tan gurrn`t GBE fneknrsabp bssunktanbr jw` rnpjrts e`k tjjl mrnet bssun wbta tan st`k-b`ms.Yniuttefprnsn`ts tan rnst j tan stjry. Bt b`gfuknsnbmat nsseys rjc jrcnr sn`bjr GBE jgbefs waj ernknnpfy l`jwfnkmneifn eijut tan prjmrec iut wnrn`nvnr b`tnrvbnwnk iy tan WWGB steffl kurb`m tan cjrntae` jur yners tan rnpjrt wes b` prnperetbj`.Yniuttefefsj b`gfukns tan jgbef rnspj`sns rjc tan WWGBcb`jrbty e`k GBE.

Yniuttef kniu`ls swnnpb`m mn`nrefbzetbj`s cekniy tan WWGB steffl, ce`y j wabga aevn inn` ifb`kfyeggnptnk es egt. Cjrnjvnr,Yniuttefjfflnrs tan gj`tnxte`k nxpfeètbj`s `ngnssery tj u`knrste`k way, b` tankeys jffjwb`m 2/55 es tan ^`btnk Wtetns kneft wbta rnef

e`k mrjwb`m tarnets tj bts ajcnfe`k, Ecnrbge n`memnkb` tabs emmrnssbvn b`tnrrjmetbj` prjmrec.

Gj`trbiutjrs

MNJYMN H. [N@N[bs tan jrcnr kbrngtjr j Gn`trefB`tnffbmn`gn.

TJY[NY H. MJWWbs tan jrcnr gaebrce` j tan AjusnTnrce`n`t Wnfngt Gjccbttnn j` B`tnffbmn`gn.

MN@. CBGAENF _. AERKN@, ^WEO (YN[.), bs tan jrcnr kbrngtjr j tan Gn`tref B`tnffbmn`gn Emn`gy e`k @etbj ef Wngurbty Emn`gy.

HJA@ CgFE^MAFB@bs tan jrcnr knputy kbrngtjr j Gn`tref B`tnffbmn`gn.

CBGAENF CJYNFFbs tan jrcnr knputy kbrngtjr j tan Gn`tref B`tnffbmn`gn Emn`gy.

H. TABFBT C^KKbs tan jrcnr knputy kbrngtjr j tan GBE Gju`tnrtnrrjrbsc Gn`tnr e`k OIB @etbjèf Wngurbty Ire`ga.

HJWN E. YJKYBM^NX HY.bs tan jrcnr kbrngtjr j tan @etbjèf Gfe`knstb`n Wnrvbgn e`k kbrngtjr j tan GBE Gju`tnrtnrrjrbsc Gn`tnr.

Nkbtjr IBFF AEYFJ]bs e jrcnr ]abtn Ajusn, Tn`temj`, e`k GBE spjlnsce`.

E_EBFEIFN @J]| 7>9 pp. | = x 54 | Tjfbtbgef Wgbn`gn Gurrn`t EooebrsTepnriegl8 $5?.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5->255;->1=->



ONIYÊYR 945?| ;44 pp. | ? x 2 | Abstjry Cbfbtery5= i/w pajtjs | 5 fb`n krewb`m

Tepnriegl8 $9;.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-=>1-9

E TYBWJ@NY'W K^[RMrnet Nsgepns b` ^.W. Cbfbtery AbstjryIy Yjinrt G. Kjyfn

@j j`n aes stukbnk tan Ecnrbge` TJ] nxpnrbn`gn cjrn tajrjumafytae` Yjinrt G. Kjyfn, e`k wbta tabs ijjl an aes emeb` sajw` us tanineuty e`k anrjbsc b` tan anert j tan Ecnrbge` TJ] waj rnusns tj

lùglfn u`knr. E Trbsj`nrs Kuty bs e ijjl jt cnrnfy jr tajsn b`tnrnstnkb` cbfbtery abstjry iut jr e`yj`n waj wbsans tj u`knrste`k tan trunnssn`gn j auce` nnkjc.]bffbec H. Cbffnr, nkbtjr, Gbvbf ]ercemezb`n

[rjumajut jur ètbj`'s abstjry Ecnrbge` snrvbgncn` e`k gbvbfbe`saevn rnsbstnk geptbvbty b` nvnry jrc, krewb`m j` spngbef pjwnrsj b`mnùbty, kntnrcbètbj`, e`k petrbjtbsc tj nsgepnsjcntbcnsrnpnetnkfy. Yjinrt Kjyfn's pn`ntretb`m fjjl et sjcn nxtrejrkbèrynsgepns iy Ecnrbge`s irnels nw mrju`k b` nsgepn psygajfjmy, sank-kb`m fbmat j` tan typns j pnjpfn waj try tj irneljut e`k tajsn wajkj jt. [bs n`mrjssb`m stuky prjins tan pnrsjèf e`k sjgbef bcpegtsj nsgepn, tan ce`y cjtbvetbj`s taet spur suga egts, e`k tan gj`gnptj tan nsgepnr es tan bknef prbsj`nr e`k tan uftbcetn petrbjt.

YJINY[ G. KJRFNbs e etbvn j Tabfeknfpabe, Tn``syfve`be. An snrvnkes e èvef jgnr rjc 52?= tj 52=5, b`gfukb`m Wjuta _bntèc b`52?1, 52=4=5. An rngnbvnk abs TaK rjc Ijwfb`m Mrnn` Wtetn^`bvnrsbty e`k bs e prjnssjr j abstjry et tan Ore`gbsge` ^`bvnrsbtyj Wtnuin`vbffn, Jabj.

[AN HBAEKBW[ [AYNE[[an Yn-gj`qunst jo tan ]nst:Iy Teuf Cjjrgreot

[bs tbcnfy e`k gj`trjvnrsbef ijjl nxecb`ns tan b`tnrètbjèf e`kkjcnstbg tarnets tj tan ]nst rjc hbaekbsc. Bt gj``ngts tan kjtj tabs Bsfecbg u`kecn`tefbst cjvncn`t tarjumajut tan CbkkfnNest, Esbe, e`k Erbge, nxpfeb`b`m waet tan cjvncn`t cne`s jrtan ]nst, b` pertbgufer Irbteb`, iut efsj gj`tb`n`tef Nurjpn e`k ta^`btnk Wtetns. Eonr irbny tregb`m tan jrbmb`s j hbaekbsc rjc tatbcn j tan prjpant Cuaeccek tj tan prnsn`t, [n Hbaekbst [rneeèfyzns tan eff-jut rjc tan wers b` Breq e`k Emae`bste` e`k

ajw tansn gj`bgts unfnk tan rbsn j tan snf-styfnk Bsfecbg Wtetne`k jtanr tnrrjrbst mrjups. [n ijjl efsj nxecb`ns tan nxtn`t tj

wabga tansn mrjups pjsn e tarnet tj ]nstnr` sjgbnty e`k gj`gfuknwbta summnstbj`s jr knnetb`m tabs nxbstn`tbef tarnet tj tan ]nstnr`wey j fbn.

TE^F CJJYGYEO[ aes rj`tfb`n nxpnrbn`gn rnpjrtb`m erju`k tanwjrfk es e gjrrnspj`kn`t jr prb`t, rekbj e`k _ jr `nerfy jrtyyners. An bs gurrn`tfy vbsbtb`m prjnssjr et Gerkbffl ^`bvnrsbty e`kkbrngtjr j tan Gn`trn jr Ojrnbm` Tjfbgy Eèfysbs, Fj`kj`.

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IE[[FNWABT EYBXJ@EE` Bffustretnk AbstjryIy Teuf Wtbffwnff

[n stjry j tan sabps gernnr bs prnsn`tnk b` prjusnfy bffustretnk kntebf.Wtbffwnff gj`kugtnk ùcnrjus b`tnrvbnws wbta Erbzjè vntnre`s e`kn`ks up wbta e geptbvetb`m mrjup pjrtrebt j jgnrs e`k n`fbstnkcn`. An efsj prjvbkns abmafy rnekeifn b`sbmat b`tj tan swemmnr e`kprjnssbjèfbsc taet cekn up tan j`gn-b`vb`gbifn Iettfnsabp @evy.Fbirery Hjurèf

[n trembg sbmat j tan ^WW Erbzjèiur`b`m eonr tan ettegl j`Tnerf Aerijr bs ntgank b` tan gjffngtbvn cncjry j tan `btnk Wtetnsgbtbzn`s taet fbvnk tarjuma taet bècjus key. [n sabp susteb`nkcjrn fjssns b` j`n key tae` e`y jtanr sabp b` tan ^.W. @evys abs-tjry5,5== cn`. @jw evebfeifn b` pepnriegl, IettfnsabpErbzjèknsgrbins b` kntebf tan iettfnsabps twn`ty-stvn-yner gernnr, b`gfukb`mtan ettegl et Tnerf Aerijr, vbe tan rbvntb`m stjrbns j anr survbvjrs.Teuf Wtbffwnff krews j` `nerfy j`n au`krnk b`tnrvbnws j jrcnrgrnwcn` e`k gju`tfnss jgbef kjgucn`ts tj prnsn`t e uff abstjryj tan ecjus wersabp.

TE^F W[BFF]NFFbs e` b`knpn`kn`t abstjrbe` e`k rntbrnk èvef jgnr.An wjrlnk jr tabrty yners et tan ^.W. @evef B`stbtutn es e` jrefabstjrbe` e`k nkbtjr j @evef Abstjry cemezb`n. An bs tan eutajrjr nkbtjr j e kjzn` ijjls, b`gfukb`m jur j` iettfnsabps e`k eèwerk-wb` b`m vjfucn j` tan @evy's strst Erbge` Ecnrbge` jgnrs,[n Mjfkn` [brtnn`.

^.W. IE[[FNWABTWE` Bffustretnk Knsbm` AbstjryIy @jrce` Orbnkce`Wabp Tfe`s iy Efe` Yevn` e`k E.K. Ielnr BBB

@evef abstjrbe`s e`k n`tausbests efbln wbff st`k ^.W. Iettfnsabpstj intan cjst gjcprnan`sbvn rnnrn`gn evebfeifn j` tan n`tbrn knvnfjp-cn`t j ^.W. iettfnsabps, rjc tanCeb`ne`k nxesj 511?, tarjumatanCj`te egfess j ]jrfk ]er BB, up tj tan rngjccbssbj`nkBjwesFbln tan jtanr ijjls b` @jrce` Orbnkce`s knsbm`-abstjry snrbns^.W. Iettfnsabps bs iesnk fermnfy j` jrcnrfy gfessbstnk b`tnrèf ^.W@evy rngjrks.

Orbnkce`, e fnekb`m eutajrbty j .W. wersabps, nxpfeb`s tan pjfbtbgee`k tnga`bgef retbjèfns jr iubfkb`m iettfnsabps e`k rngju`ts tannvjfutbj` j nega knsbm`. Efe` Yevn` e`k E.K. Ielnr BBB aevn grn-etnk kntebfnk sgefn jutijerk e`k pfe` vbnws j nega iettfnsabp gfesse`k j cehjr cjkbstgetbj`s tj ce`y gfessns. @ucnrjus pajtjmrepagjcpfncn`t tan tnxt.

@JYCE@ OYBNKCE@ bs j`n j Ecnrbges inst-l`jw` èvef eèfystse`k abstjrbe`s, tan eutajr j jvnr jrty ijjls, e`k e rnmufer gjccn`tetjr j` tnfnvbsbj` e`k b` tan prnss.

E.K. IELNY BBBbs e abmafy rnmerknk èvef eutajrbty l`jw` jr abwjrl es e` bffustretjr e k wrbtnr. An wes jrcnrfy nkbtjr j Gjcie

Ofnnts. EFE@ YE_N@bs e Irbtbsa-ijr` èvef abstjrbe`, bffustretjr, e`kprjnssbj ef sabp-cjknf iubfknr wajsn wjrl rnqun`tfy eppners b`cjknffb`m cemezb`ns.

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[AYJ^MA [AN _EFFNRCy Geptbvbty b` _bntèc

Iy ]bffbec Ynnknr Hr.

Gjfj`nf Ynnknr's stjry j ajw an ingecn tan fest sjfkbnr gep-turnk iy tan n`ncy b` Wjuta _bntèc e`k ajw an n`kurnkgeptbvbty e`k tan` e jrgnk cerga `jrta up tan Aj Gab Cbàrebf bs ewn-b`spbrb`m. Abs wbff tj survbvn, e`k tan gjuremn e`ksegrbstgn knce`knk j abc, celn tabs ijjl aerk tj put kjw`.Hjsnpa F. Meffjwey gj-eutajr jo ]n ]nrn Wjfkbnrs J`gn...

e`k Rju`me`k ]n Ern Wjfkbnrs Wtbff

[rjuma tan _effny bs tan geptbvetb`m cncjbr j tan fest .W. Ercysjfkbnr teln` prbsj`nr kurb`m tan _bntèc ]er. E èrretbvn jgjuremn, ajpn, e`k survbvef, [rjuma tan _effnybs cjrn tae`

hust e wer stjry. Bt efsj pjrtreys tan tarbff e`k ajrrjr j gjciet,tan ner e`k e`xbnty j geptbvbty, e`k tan stjrbns j rbn`ksabps

jrmnk e`k rbn`ks fjst.B` 52=5 ]bffbec Ynnknr wes e sn`bjr gepteb` j` abs sngj`k tjurb` _bntèc. An aek jw` ercnk, stxnk-wb`m J_-5 Cjaewlsj` sngrnt cbssbj`s knnp b`tj n`ncy tnrrbtjry b` Fejs, Gecijkbe,e`k @jrta _bntèc j` abs strst tjur. An rntur`nk es e anfbgjptnr

pbfjt nemnr tj nxpnrbn`gn e wajfn `nw pnrspngtbvn es e Gjiremu`sabp pbfjt. Infbnvb`m taet @bxj`s _bntècbzetbj` wjufksjj` n`k tan wer, Ynnknr wes e`xbjus tj snn gjciet egtbj`.j abc, bt eppnernk taet tan Ecnrbge`s aek prnvebfnk, inetn`tan _bnt Gj`m, e`k wnrn pessb`m nvnrytab`m jvnr tj tan Wjuta_bntècnsn Ercy sj taet Ecnrbge`s gjufk fnevn.

Fnss tae` e yner fetnr, wabfn prjvbkb`m suppjrt tj jrgns et taninsbnmnk iesn j In` Ant, Ynnknrs gajppnr wn`t kjw` b` eecb`m gjrlsgrnw. [juma Ynnknr survbvnk tan gresa, an wesgepturnk eonr nvekb`m tan n`ncy jr tarnn keys. An wes anfk jr

wnnls b` hu mfn gemns injrn n`kurb`m e mrunfb`m jrgnk cergaj` tan Aj Gab Cbà rebf, gjstb`m tan fbvns j snvn` j abs mrjupj twn`ty-snvn` TJ]s. Bcprbsj`nk b` tan jtjrbjus prbsj`s jAe`jb, Ynnknrs tnègbty b` tan egn j u`bcembèifn aerksabpbs jt j`fy e geptbvetb`m stjry, iut snrvns es e` b`spbretbj` tj eff.

B` [rjuma tan _effny]bffbec Ynnknr saerns tan tjrcn t e`k peb` j abs jrknef, iut kjns sj b` tan fbmat j tan ajpn taet an nvnr fjst. Abs cncjbrnb`jrgns tan tancns j gjuremn e`k segrbstgn, u`kyb`m ebta, strn`mta j ecbfy, fjvn j gju`try, fjyefty ecj`m gjcrekns, e`k e rnefbzetbj` j ajw

prngbjus bs tan rnnkjc eff tjj jon` teln` jr mre`tnk. Wurn tj rnsjètn wbta tajsn snrvb`m b` tan ercnk jrgns waj gj tbùn tj egn tan knce`kj gjciet, [rjuma tan _effny wbff efsj eppnef tj rneknrs fjjlb`m jr e pjwnruf, rbvntb`m stjry.

]BFFBEC YNNKNY HY.bs e rntbrnk Ercy gjfj`nf e`k abmafy kngjretnk gjciet vntnre` j tan _bntèc ]er. An rngnbvnk tan Wbfvnr Wter jr meffe`try,twj Kbstb`mubsank Ofyb`m Grjssns jr anrjbsc, e` Ebr Cnkef jr vefjr, e`k tarnn Turpfn Anerts jr wju`ks rngnbvnk kurb`m tan nvn`ts rnfetnk b`tabs stjry. Wb`gn cbfbtery rntbrncn`t, an aes gj`tbùnk tj in b`vjfvnk b` fneknrsabp treb`b`m e`k nkugetbj` jr tan ^.W. Ercy e`k @EJ WpngbefJpnretbj`s Ojrgns. B` 945;, an wes b`kugtnk b`tj tan ^.W. Ercy Evbetbj` Aeff j Oecn.

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WAJ[ OYJC [AN WLREcnrbge` TJ]s b` Wwbtznrfe`kIy Getary` H. Trb`gn

Cs. Trb`gn's stuky . . . bs prjj taet etrjgbtbns wbff aeppn` wan`nv-nr j`n b`kbvbkuef bs mbvn` u`ganglnk pjwnr jvnr e`jtanr.]effWtrnnt Hjurèf

[bs ijjl nfjqun`tfy ekkrnssns e fbttfn l`jw` espngt j ]]BB.Gajbgn

@jw evebfeifn b` pepnriegl, Wajt ojc tan Wlyu`gjvnrs j`n j tanmrnet, kerl sngrnts j ]jrfk ]er BB8 `nutref Wwbtznrfe`k sajt e`k

jrgnk kjw` ^.W. ebrgreo n`tnrb`m Wwbss ebrspegn e`k bcprbsj`nktan survbvjrs b` b`tnr`cn`t gecps, knteb`b`m cjrn tae` e tajuse`kEcnrbge` ynrs intwnn` 52;7 e`k tan wers n`k. ]abfn gj`kbtbj`set tan gecps wnrn eknquetn e`k auce`n jr b`tnr`nns waj jinynktanbr geptjrs jrknrs, tan nxpnrbn`gn wes er kbfflnrn`t jr tajsn wajettncptnk tj nsgepn. [ny wnrn anfk b` spngbef pn`btn`tbery gecpsb` gj`kbtbj`s es iek es tajsn b` sjcn prbsj`nr-j-wer gecps b` @ezbMnrce`y. ]an` tan wer n`knk b` Nurjpn, sbxty-j`n Ecnrbge`s feyiurbnk b` e sceff vbffemn gncntnry `ner Inr`.

Getary` H. Trb`gn irb`ms tj fbmat kntebfs j tabs fbttfn-l`jw` npbsjknes san knsgrbins tan nvn`ts e`k nxecb`ns tan Wwbss hustbstgetbj` jrtanbr pjfbgy. [n eutajr krews j` strst-pnrsj` eggju`ts e`k u`pui-

fbsank sjurgns, b`gfukb`m b`tnrvbnws wbta nynwbt`nssns e`k survbvb`mEcnrbge` prbsj`nrs, e`k kjgucn`ts anfk iy tan Wwbss mjvnr`cn`te`k tan ^.W. Ebr Ojrgn.

GE[AYR@ H. TYB@GNbs tan eutajr j snvnref j`-stgtbj` ijjls b`gfuk-b`mKneta b` tan Ieftbg8 [n ]]BB Wb`lb`m j tan]bfanfc Mustfjffl,jr wabga san wj` tan 9457 Cbfbtery ]rbtnrs Wjgbnty j EcnrbgesOju`knrs Ewerk.

[AN WEBFB@M OYBME[NE Abstjry b` Wabp CjknfsIy Yjinrt Merkb`nr

[n @etbjèf Cerbtbcn Cusnuc b` Mrnn`wbga ajusns tan fermnsgjffngtbj` j sgefn sabp cjknfs b` tan wjrfk. Ce`y j tan cjknfs ernjgbef, gj`tncpjrery ertbegts cekn iy tan greoscn` j tan Yjye@evy jr tan sabpiubfknrs tancsnfvns, re`mb`m rjc tan cbk-snvn`-tnn`ta gn`tury tj tan prnsn`t key. Es suga tany rnprnsn`t e tarnn-kbcn`sbjèf ergabvn j u`bqun bcpjrte`gn e`k eutajrbty. rnetnk eabstjrbgef nvbkn`gn, tany jfflnr cjrn kntebf tae` nvn` tan inst pfe`s, e`kkncj`stretn nxegtfy waet tan sabps fjjlnk fbln b` e wey taet nvn` ta

st`nst cerb`n peb`tnr gjufk jt egabnvn. @jw evebfeifn b` pepnriegltabs ijjl tnffs tan stjry j tan nvjfutbj` j tan grubsb`m sabp u`knr sebfBt b`gfukns e fermn ucinr j cjknf pajtjs eff b` uff-gjfjr es wnff esgfjsn-up e`k kntebf vbnws. [nsn ern geptbj`nk b` knpta, iut ce`y erefsj e``jtetnk tj jgus ettn`tbj` j` b`tnrnstb`m jr uùsuef neturns

Eftajuma pbgtjrbef b` ncpaesbs, [n Webfb`m Orbmetnwnevns tan pbgturnb`tj e` eutajrbtetbvn tnxt, prjkugb`m e` uùsuef e`k ettregtbvn jrcj tnga`bgef abstjry. ]abfn tan snrbns wbff in j pertbgufer b`tnrnst tjsabp cjknfnrs, eff tajsn wbta e` b`tnrnst b` sabp knsbm` e`k knvnfjpcn`t wbff in ettregtnk tj tan b`-knpta eèfysbs j tansn ineutbuffy

prnsn`tnk ijjls.

YJINY[ MEYKB@NYbs tan eutajr j tarnn ijjls j` sebfb`m grubsnrsb`gfukb`m Orbmetns j tan @epjfnj`bg ]ers, puifbsank b` 9444 e`krn-rnfnesnk b` pepnriegl b` 944?. Abs fest ijjl wes e `nw e`k n`fermnknkbtbj` j ]ersabps j tan @epjfnj`bg Nre.

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KEC@ [AN [JYTNKJNW!Eppfyb`m tan @evys Fneknrsabp Trb`gbpfnstj Iusb`nss

Iy Gept. Efng Oresnr, ^W@ (Ynt.)Ojrnwjrk iy Ekc. Hecns Wtevrbkbs, ^W@ (Ynt.)Ewern`nss j tan fneknrsabp trebts nxabibtnk iy EkcbrefOerremut b` abs ecjus jrknr8 Kec` tan tjrpnkjns! Ouffspnnk eanek! ge` celn e`y ceèmnr ejet jr esajrn cjrnsuggnssuf. Efng Oresnrs nxpnrbn`gn es e @evy gepteb` e`k tan

prnsbkn`t j e kbvbsbj` j ur`nr Irjekgestb`m aes teumatabc taet fneknrsabp esajrn ge` in cjknfnk eonr gn`turbnsj fneknrsabp et sne. B Kec` tan jrpnkjns! Oresnr utbfbznsabs jw` nxpnrbn`gns b` tan ^.W. @evy e`k tan gjrpjretn

wjrfk tj bffustretn tabs gj`gnpt.

]btab` tan strst sbxty sngj`ks j abs b`kugtbj` tj tan .W.

@evef Egekncy, Cbksabpce` Oresnr wes pjsnk wbta equnstbj` tj wabga an e`swnrnk, B kj`t l`jw. [bs qubglfyprjvnk tj in e` uèggnpteifn e`swnr b` tan @evy, rnmerkfnssj tan qunstbj`. ]abfn kjb`m tan rnqubsbtn pusa-ups taetjffjwnk, an fner`nk taet tanrn wnrn j`fy jur weys tjrnspj`k tj e qunstbj` jr e` jrknr8 @j nxgusn, sbr, Bff st`kjut, sbr, Rns/`j sbr, e`k Eyn-eyn, sbr. Orjc tansn jurrnspj`sns Oresnr fner`nk tan jur lny gj`gnpts tj inb`m e`nfflngtbvn fneknr ejet jr esajrn8 eggju`teibfbty, tab`lb meanek, ntabgs, e`k cjtbvetbj`.

Kec` tan jrpnkjns!jfflnrs gj`grntn ekvbgn jr fnekb`m b`tan wjrl pfegnmbvb`m stnp-iy-stnp rngjccn`ketbj`s

tj n`gjuremn rneknrs b`tj ekjptb`m tabs kbfflnrn`t wey jepprjegab`m fneknrsabp. Trjvbkb`m e rnsa e`k u`gj`vn`-tbjèf pnrspngtbvn, Gepteb` Oresnr mbvns pnrsjèf e`k abstjr-bg nxecpfns eijut tan fneknrsabp trebts j sabp gepteb`s e`ksummnsts ajw fneknrs b` e`y jrme`bzetbj` cey ekept tanctj celn tanbr gernnrs e`k iusb`nssns suggnssuf.

Eggjrkb`m tj Oresnr, tansn jur lny fneknrsabp gj`gnpts erntan iesbg prb`gbpfns `ngnssery tj prnvn`t jrme`bzetbjèfgaejs inst succnk up iy e ]eff Wtrnnt Hjurèfnkbtjrbefj` fneknrsabp et sne e`k esajrn8 ]an` cn` fjsn gj`stkn`gn e`k trust b` tajsn waj fnek, jrknr kbsb`tnmretns b`tj gaejs e`k purpjsnuf sabps b`tju`gj`trjffeifn knrnfbgts.

GET[. EFNG OYEWNY, ^W@ (YN[.)bs e mrekuetn j tan ^.W. @evef Egekncy. An aes aek twj u`bqun gernnrs8 gjcce`kb`m twj @evy cbssbfn sabps e`k

fetnr snrvb`m es prnsbkn`t j e kbvbsbj` j ur`nr Irjekgestb`m. An wes efsj e` j`-ebr cbfbtery eèfyst jr G@@ e`k wes e munst j` tanFerry Lb`mWajw. ]abfn an wes b` gjcce`k j tan ^WW Gepn Wt. Mnjrmn(GM =5), tan sabp ner`nk tan ^WWErbzjèCncjrbef rjpay jr inb`m tan cjstgjciet-rneky sabp b` tan nnt.

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@N]TIFBGE[BJ@W



H^[FE@K[an @evef Wteoo Epprngbetbj`Nkbtnk iy ]bffbec Wgafbnaeuowbta Wtnpan` CgFeumafb`

Hutfe k, tan fermnst èvef iettfn j tan Obrst ]jrfk ]er, wes tan cjstgj`trjvnrsbef n`memncn`t b` tan Yjyef @evys abstjry. Oeffb`m wnffsajrt j tan tjtef vbgtjry nxpngtnk iy tan puifbg, bt repbkfy sperlnkermucn`t e`k bff-wbff wbtab` tan Yjyef @evy, b`gfukb`m kbsemrnncn`tsecj`m tajsn b` bts abmanst nganfj`s, ce`y j wajc aek inn` kbrngtfyb`vjfvnk b` tan iettfn. [n strst ettncpt tj prjkugn nvn` e` jihngtbvnrngjrk wes knfeynk e`k anevbfy gn`sjrnk, iut tabs wes jffjwnk iy e

cjrn ecibtbjus sgancn tj wrbtn e `j-ajfks-ierrnk grbtbqun j tannnts pnrjrce`gn jr usn b` treb`b`m uturn jgnrs et tan @evef WtefflGjffnmn. [bs ingecn tan `jw bècjus @evef Wteffl Epprngbetbj ,

wabga wes nvn tueffy knncnk tjj kecemb`m, bts puifbgetbj` ge`gnfnk,e`k eff prjj gjpbns jrknrnk knstrjynk. Cn`tbj`nk b` vbrtueffy nvnryijjl j` Hutfe`k sb`gn, iut uèvebfeifn tj tanbr eutajrs, tan kjgucn`taes knvnfjpnk e` efcjst fnmn`kery stetus j e ijjl tjj nxpfjsbvn tj

puifbsa. Ajwnvnr, knspbtn tan jrknr tj knstrjy, e nw gjpbns survbvnk.re`sgrbink rjc j`n j tan gjpbns,Hutfe`krnvnefs tabs fj`m-abkkn`

wjrl jr tan strst tbcn. Bt gj`teb`s nxpnrt cjknr gjccn`tery e`knxpfeètjry `jtns tj put bt b` prjpnr gj`tnxt. @jw nvnryj`n b`tnrnstnkb` Hutfe k ge` rnek tabs ijjl e`k hukmn jr tancsnfvns.

]BFFBEC WGAFBNAEÔ, e` Ecnrbge èvef abstjrbe`, aek e fbntbcnecibtbj` tj puifbsa e cjknr` nkbtbj` j [n @evef Wteffl Epprngbetbj`,iut kbnk injrn an gjufk snn bts gjcpfntbj`. Bt aes inn` gerrbnk tjrubtbj` iy e`jtanr Ecnrbge` èvef wrbtnr, W[NTAN@ CGFE^MAFB@.

[AN ]EY INMB@W[an @evy's Nerfy Gerrbnr Yebks, OnirueryCey 52;9Iy Kevbk Fnn Yussnff

[n ]er Inmb`s rnvnefs b` kntebf tan nvn`ts j tan nerfy gerrbnr rebks iytan ^.W. Tegbstg Ofnnt emeb`st tan Hepe`nsn b` tan strst aef j 52;9 b` tanTegbstg ]er. Eonr tan ettegl j` Tnerf Aerijr, gerrbnr ebrpjwnr wjufkteln j` tan suprncn jffln`sbvn rjfn emeb`st Hepe`nsn jrgns b` tan strst

paesn j tan wer. Ecnrbges est gerrbnr tesl jrgns, wbta tanbr ebrgreosquekrj`s e`k pjwnruf suppjrt wersabps, tjjl j` tan gaeffn`mniut tan Tegbstg Ofnnt gerrbnr jrgn aek e tjtef j tarnn gerrbnrs b` tanTegbstg j` = Kngncinr 52;5.

Ekc. ]bffbec O. Aefsnys esl Ojrgn 1, pjsbtbj`nk j` tanN`tnrprbsne`k Yner Ekc. Ore`l Hegl Ofntganrs esl Ojrgn 5=, j` tan Rjrltjw`nxngutnk tan strst rebk j` Hepe`nsn pjsbtbj`s j` 5 Oniruery 52;9, wbtaettegls j` tan Cersaeff e`k Mbfinrt Bsfe`ks. Yebks j` Yeieuf, ]elnBsfe`k, e`k Cergus Bsfe`k jffjwnk. [n cjst kerb`m gerrbnr rebk wetan u`jrtajkjx Kjjfbttfn Yebk j` Hepe` btsnf, j` 51 Eprbf, wan`sbxtnn` .W. Ercy I-9> cnkbuc ijcinrs feu`gank rjc tanAjr`nt

[juma tan gerrbnr rebks aek fbcbtnk cetnrbef nfflngt j` Hepe`s gj`tbùb`m ekve`gn b` tan Tegbstg, tany ybnfknk vefueifn jpnretbjèf nxpnrbn`gjr .W. gerrbnr jrgns, lnpt jpn` tan fb`ns j gjccu`bgetbj`s tj Eustrefbe, e`k ijjstnk cjrefn. [n rebk j` jlyj b`spbrnk tan nfeijretn

Hepe nsn pfe` tj jggupy Cbkwey Bsfe`k b Hu`n, rnsuftb`m b` e cehjgerrbnr iettfn e`k tan ^.W. @evys mrnetnst vbgtjry.

KE_BK FNN Y^WWNFFbs tan eutajr j sbx ijjls b`gfukb`m Jmfntajrpe`k Gjfj bef Mnjrmbe8 E Abstjry, 5=775=17e`kNestnr` Ebr Fb`nsE Abstjry, 529?5225. An rnsbkns b` Cbftj`, Mnjrmbe.

ETYBF 945?| 9>? pp. | ? x 2 | Abstjry ]jrfk ]er B>7 gaerts e`k kbemrecs

Aerkgjvnr8 $7;.2> (^WEG) | BWI@8 2=1-5-1;179-75=-2

ETYBF 945?| 9>? pp. | > x 1 | Abstjry ]jrfk ]er BB9; i/w pajtjs

Aerkgjvnr8 $7;.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5->91-5



@N]TIFBGE[BJ@W

ETYBF 945?| 911 pp. | ?51 x 2 | Abstjry Cbfbtery*Wajrt Kbsgju`t [nxtijjl

Aerkgjvnr8 $72.2>* | BWI@8 2=1-5-?19;=-447-2

W[YE[NMRGj`tnxt e`k Ekeptetbj` orjc Ergabkecus tj EbrpjwnrNkbtnk iy Ybgaerk H. Iebfny Hr., Hecns ]. Ojrsyta Hr.,e`k Cerl J. Rnbsfny

Ajw kjns j`n n`memn b` tan stuky j stretnmy : Wtretnmy8 Gj`tnxt e`kEkeptetbj` ojc Ergabkecus tj Ebrpjwnrermuns taet stretnmy bs `jthust gj`gnr`nk wbta ecessb`m l`jwfnkmn< bt bs efsj eijut rngjm`bzb`mjur bcpnrngt u`knrste`kb`m j tan n`vbrj`cn`t e`k rnspngtb`m tangjcpfnx èturn j ekeptetbj` tj tan u`jrnsnn` jr u`nxpngtnk. B`nssn`gn, tan strj`mnst stretnmbsts ern tajsn waj gjccbt tj e` nku-getbj` taet guftbvetns e cjrn ajfbstbg e`k ekeptbvn wey j tab`lb`m.

]bta taet tajumat b` cb`k, tan gj`trbiutjrs tj Wtretnmy, nega egurrn`t jr jrcnr prjnssjr et tan Wgajjf j Ekve`gnk Ebr e`k WpegnWtukbns, wbknfy gj`sbknrnk tan Knpertcn`t j Knn`sns prncbnrsgajjf j stretnmy, jfflnr weys j tab`lb`m stretnmbgeffy eijut e verbntyj suihngt cettnrs, rjc gfessbgef abstjry tj gyinrpjwnr.

Tregtbtbj`nrs b` tan prjnssbj` j ercs, pnraeps cjrn tae` e`y jtanrprjnssbj , cust ncpfjy grbtbgef tab`lb`m wanrn tan eppfbgetbj` jpjwnr j` fe`k, et sne, b` tan ebr, e`k b` spegn e`k gyinrspegn erngj`gnr`nk. Wtretnmynxecb`ns verbjus sui-kbsgbpfb`ns rnmerkb`m tanusn j pjwnr, e`k bffucbètns kbfflnrn`t epprjegans tj tab`lb`m wabgaaevn bcpfbgetbj`s inyj`k tan bcpfncn`tetbj` j jrgn.

YBGAEYK H. IEBFNR HY.bs tan Kne` j Wtukn`ts e`k prjnssjr j Wtret-nmy e`k Wngurbty Wtukbns, ^WEO Wgajjf j Ekve`gnk Ebr e`k WpegnWtukbns (WEEWW), Cexwnff EOI, Efeiece. HECNW ]. OJYWR[A HY.bs tan Kne` j tan Ebr Gjcce`k e`k Wteffl Gjffnmn et Cexwnff EOI,Efeiece. CEYL J. RNBWFNRbs e jrcnr gjfj`nf e`k essjgbetn prjnssjret WEEWW e`k ajfks e TaK b` b`tnrètbjèf rnfetbj`s rjc Kuln^`bvnrsbty. An gurrn`tfy tnegans jr Ebr Gjcce`k e`k Wteffl Gjffnmn.

Wnrbns8 [re`sojrcb`m ]er

GRINYWTEGN B@ TNEGN E@K ]EYIy Certb` G. Fbibglb

B` e wjrfk b` wabga gyinrspegn bs ingjcb`m nvnry gju`trys gn`tnr jmrevbty, tan bssun j gyinrwer ge` `j fj`mnr in bm`jrnk. Gyinrspegnb` Tnegn e`k ]er bs tan strst gjcprnan`sbvn, b`strugtbjèf mubkn tjtan gaeffn`mn j gyinrwer8 ajw tj gj`kugt bt iut, cjrn bcpjrte`tfyajw tj evjbk bt usb`m e cbx j gyinrsngurbty pjfbgbns gjupfnk wbtakntnrrn`gn, nsgefetbj , sbmèfb`m, e`k `jrcs stretnmbns. [n rnsuft jjvnr twn`ty yners j eèfysbs e`k essnsscn`t iy eutajr Certb` GFbibglb, tabs tnxt sajufk in j pertbgufer b`tnrnst tj tajsn gj`gnr`nk

wbta tan gurrn`t e k uturn gaeffn mns taet egn tan kbmbtef rj`tbnr.

Gyinrspegn b` Tnegn e`k ]erprnsn`ts e gjcprnan`sbvn u`knrste`kb`m j gyinrsngurbty, gyinrwer, e`k gyinrtnrrjrbsc. Orjc iesbg gj`gnpts tj ekve`gnk prb`gbpfns, Fbibglb nxecb`ns tan sjurgns e`k gj`snqun`gns j systnc gjcprjcbsns, ekkrnssns ajw gyinrsngurbty pjfbgbnge` strn`mtan` gju`trbns knn`snsfnevb`m tanc fnss susgnptbifn tjgyinrettegl, e`k nxpfjrns gyinrsngurbty b` tan gj`tnxt j cbfbteryjpnretbj`s, abmafbmatb`m u`bqun espngts j tan kbmbtef iettfnmrju`ke`k stretnmbg usns j gyinrwer. An prjvbkns tan tnga`bgef e`k mnjpjfbtbgef ju`ketbj`s j gyinrwer `ngnssery tj u`knrste`k tan pjfbgbnsjpnretbj s, e`k stretnmbns rnqubrnk jr senmuerkb`m e` b`grnesb`mfyj`fb`n b`restrugturn.

CEY[B@ G. FBIBGLB bs e kbstb`mubsank vbsbtb`m prjnssjr et tan ^.W

@evef Egekncy e`k e sn`bjr ceèmncn`t sgbn`tbst et tan YE@KGjrpjretbj`. Abs wjrl b vjfvns tan ètbjèf sngurbty bcpfbgetbj`j b`jrcetbj` tnga`jfjmy, `jteify es bt b`vjfvns gyinrsngurbty e`kgyinrwer. An fbvns b` Ln`sb`mtj`, Ceryfe`k.

Wnrbns8 [re`sojrcb`m ]er

H^@N 945?| ;2? pp. | = x 54 | Abstjry Cbfbtery Wtretnmy> Obmurns | > [eifns | *Wajrt Kbsgju`t [nxtijjl

Aerkgjvnr8 $=;.44* | BWI@8 2=1-5-?19;=-479-2



ETYBF 945?| 99; pp. | 2 x 54 | Abstjry @evef944 i/w pajtjs e`k fb`n krewb`ms

Aerkgjvnr8 $=?.2>(^WEG) | BWI@8 2=1-4-1=495-24?-5

[AN ]JYFK JO [AN IE[[FNWABT[an Knsbm` e`k Gernnrs jo Gepbtef Wabps jo tan]jrfk's @evbns 524452>4

Nkbtnk iy Irugn [eyfjr

[bs `nw vjfucn bs b`tn`knk tj prnsn`t e mfjief vbsbj` j tan knvnf-jpcn`t j tan wjrfks iettfnsabps b` tan strst aef j tan 94ta gn`tury.B` e gjffngtbj` j gaeptnrs iy nxpnrts rjc erju`k tan wjrfk, negaj tan wjrfks èvbns bs nxpfjrnk vbe tan knsbm`, iubfkb`m e`k gernnrj e sbm`bstge`t iettfnsabp. B` ekkbtbj`, tan ijjl efsj nxecb`ns tangjccu`btbns j jgnrs e`k cn` taet snrvnk b` tajsn sabps e`k,cjrn irjekfy, tan sjgbntbns e`k ètbj`s taet iubft tanc. ]abfn sabps

rjc tan Yjyef @evy, tan ^.W. @evy, tan Lrbnmscerb`n, tan BcpnrbefHepe nsn @evy, tan Cerb`n @etbj efn e`k tan Ynmbe @evefn ern mbvn`sbm`bstge`t gjvnremn, sj ern tajsn rjc tan sceffnr èvbns, b`gfukb`mEustrbe-Au mery, Yussbe, e`k urlny. Nega gaeptnr nxpfeb`s tan jrbmb`sj e pertbgufer sabp, anr bcpjrte`gn es e etbjèf sycijf, e`k anr pfegnb` tan nnt. [n mn`nsbs j anr knsbm` efj`m wbta pertbgufers j anr

prjtngtbj`, ercecn t, e`k prjpufsbj` systncs ern gjvnrnk, e`k tangj`strugtbj` prjgnss e`k feu`gab`m knsgrbink. [n sabps gjcpfncn`te`k jrme`bzetbj` ern kntebfnk, e`k kebfy rjutb`n e`k wetgaste`kb mb` ijta pnegn e`k wer nxpfeb`nk. Fbn j` ijerk tan sabpnetb`me`k sfnnpb`m jr jgnrs, retb`ms, kbsgbpfb`n, pey, cjrefn, pnts e`kcesgjtsern gjvnrnk es wnff es e uff eggju`t j tan sabps gernnr, sjtaet tan kbstb`gtbvn gaeregtnr j nega vnssnf e`k evy ncnrmns. [bs bs

e abmafy jrbmbèf e`k sbm`bstge`t ijjl e`k e cust-aevn jr b`kbvbkuefsb`tnrnstnk b` sabp abstjry.

IY^GN [ERFJYbs tan eutajr j [n Iettfngrubsnr ACW Ajjk e`k^-Ijet Ettegl Fjms, ijta cehjr rnnrn`gn wjrls b` evef abstjry.

H^[FE@K8 [AN ^@OB@BWANK IE[[FNE Tnrsjèf Abstjry jo e @evef Gj`trjvnrsyIy @bgl Hnffbgjn

J`n au`krnk yners eonr Hutfe`k, tan strst e`k fermnst n`memncn`t jkrnek`jumats b` tan twn`tbnta gn`tury, abstjrbe`s ern stbff stmatb`mtabs gj`trjvnrsbef e`k cbsu`knrstjjk iettfn. ]aet wes b` egt stretnmbg vbgtjry ste`ks jut sterlfy emeb`st tan ieglmrju`k j ibttnpuifbg kbseppjb`tcn t b` tan Yjyef @evy e`k kngekns j kbvbsbvegrbcj y e`k vnry puifbg b`stmatb`m intwnn` tan gecps suppjrtb`mtan twj cjst sn`bjr gjcce`knrs, Hnffbgjn e`k Inetty. Iesnk j` tanfetnst rnsnerga, [n ^`st`bsank Iettfnrntnffs tan stjry j tan iettfn

rjc ijta e Irbtbsa e`k Mnrce` pnrspngtbvn, gferbyb`m tan gj`tnxj Mnrce`ys b`nvbteifn èvef gfesa. Bt efsj tregns tan kbsputn l`jwès tan Hutfe`k Gj`trjvnrsy taet n`sunk u`tbf Ekcbref Hnffbgjnkneta b` 527>. Eutajr @bgl Hnffbgjn bs u`bqunfy pfegnk tj tnff tanstjry j Hutfe`k. Abs èvef gj``ngtbj`s ern strj`m8 abs etanr, tansngj`k Nerf Hnffbgjn snrvnk es Obrst Fjrk j tan Ekcbrefty wabfn absmre`ketanr, Wbr Hja` Hnffbgjn gjcce`knk tan Mre`k Ofnnt jr tanstrst twj yners j tan wer, rjc 525; tj 525?. Wbr Hja` wes ecjusfyknsgrbink iy Gaurgabff es inb`m tan j`fy ce` waj gjufk aevn fjstan wer b` e` eonr`jj`.

@BGL HNFFBGJN aes fbvnk abs wajfn fbn u`knr tan saekjw j Hutfe`k[n n`kurb`m gj`trjvnrsy surrju`kb`m abs mre`ketanrs egtbj`

j` taet key b`spbrnk abc tj u`knrteln e cehjr b`vnstbmetbj` j taniettfn e`k e` eèfysbs j tan ermucn`ts taet jffjwnk. [bs ijjlbs tan rnsuft.

CER 945?| 7>9 pp. | ? x 2 | Abstjry ]jrfk ]er B74 bffustretbj`s pfus gaerts

Aerkgjvnr8 $7>.2>(^WEG) | BWI@8 2=1-5-1;179-795-?


16/56; [an ]jrfks Fnekb`m @evef e`k Cbf btery Tuif bsanr sb`gn 5121.

@N]TIFBGE[BJ@W

ETYBF 945?| ;44 pp. | ?71 x 251 | Ynonrn`gn Cbfbtery In`nsttsTepnriegl8 $92.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5-?19;=-49?-1

[AN CBFB[EYR EK_E@[EMN,945? NKB[BJ@[an Cbfbtery.gjc Mubkn tj Cbfbterye`k _ntnre`s In`nstts

Iy [nrry AjwnffOjrnwjrk iy Wefvetjrn E. Mbu`te, Cnkef jo Aj`jr Yngbpbn`t

Ynvbsnk e`k upketnk nvnry yner, [n Cbfbtery Ekve`temn, 945?Nkbtbj bs tan cjst rnfbeifn in`nstts mubkn jr Ecnrbge`s waj aevne`swnrnk tan geff tj snrvn b` tan cbfbtery. [nsn in`nstts ecju t tjibffbj`s b` sgajfersabps, nkugetbjèf in`nstts, ajcn fje` muere`tnns,e`k cbfbtery kbsgju`ts. [n 945? nkbtbj` b`gfukns YBGEYN Trbcne`k paercegy upketns, 945? pey e`k effjwe`gn retns, egtbvn kutynkugetbj` prjmrec gae`mns, `nw @evy sne pey gaerts, `nw vntnre`suppjrt rnsjurgns, nxpe`knk snrvbgn cncinr prjtngtbj` pjfbgbns, e`kgae`mns b` snrvbgn cncinr f bn b`sure`gn.

[NYYR AJ]NFFbs tan kbrngtjr j Wtretnmbg Effbe`gn e`k Jutrnegaprjmrecs jr Cbfbtery.gjc. E rntbrnk Gjest Muerk gabn pntty jgnr,an fest snrvnk es e gernnr knvnfjpcn`t ekvbsjr. ]abfn et Cbfbtery.gjc,an aes wjrlnk wbta tan Knpertcn`t j Knn`sn tj wrbtn tan gj`tn`tjr urijET, tan KjKs j`fb`n tre`sbtbj` essbste`gn prjmrec. Bèkkbtbj`, Ajwnff wes tan fnek j` e tnec j suihngt cettnr nxpnrts

waj knvnfjpnk tan cbfbtery slbffs cetgab`m tjjf jr tan Knpertcn`tj _ntnre`s Efflebrs _EOjr_nts wnisbtn. An aes usnk e gjcibètbj` jtrekbtbjèf e`k `j`-trekbtbjèf nkugetbj` rnsjurgns, cbfbtery tubtbjèssbste`gn e`k tan MB Ibff tj gjcpfntn abs IW e`k CIE.

B@ T^YW^B[ JO [AN NWWNQAnrjbsc e`k Auirbs j` tan Abma Wnes b` tan]er jo 5159

Iy In` Aumans

J` 9? Jgtjinr 5159, kurb`m tan wer intwnn` Irbteb` e`k ta^`btnk Wtetns, tan rbmetn ^WWNssnxsnt sebf j` tan cjst rncerleifn

vjyemn b` tan nerfy abstjry j tan .W. @evy. Eonr rju`kb`m GepnAjr` b` Wjuta Ecnrbge, san prjgnnknk tj systncetbgeffy knstrjytan Irbtbsa Wjuta Wnes waefb`m nnt. ]an` `nws rnegank tan Yjye@evys Wjuta Ecnrbge` stetbj` et Ybj kn He`nbrj, ACW Tajninwefeu`gank b` pursubt. Wj inme` j`n j tan cjst nxtrejrkb ery gaesn

b` èvef abstjry.B` Tursubt j tan Nssnxjffjws tan ekvn`turns j ijta tan au`tnre`k tan au`tnk, telb`m b`tj eggju`t tan ajst j gjfjruf gaeregtnrtaet grjssnk tanbr petas efj`m tan wey. rebtjrjus @e`tuglnt waefnrsGabfne` rnvjfutbjèrbns, Irbtbsa spbns, e Tnruvbe` vbgnrjy, e`k inffbgjsn Tjfy`nsbe` bsfe`knrs eff pfey e rjfn. [n irbffbe`t ynt veb`mfjrbjuGepteb` Tjrtnr j tan Nssnx, abs `ncnsbs Gepteb` Hecns Abffyer jtanTajnin, e`k twj yju`m cbksabpcn`, Kevbk Oerremut e`k Effn`Merkb`nr, snrvn es prb`gbpef èrretjrs. Orjc mbe`t-tjrtjbsn tur`b`mnxpnkbtbj`s j` tan Mefepemjs Bsfe`ks tj tan pnrbfs j rju`kb`m GepnAjr`b`gfukb`m knspnretn slbrcbsans wbta spner-tjtb`m ètbvns j`tan Cerqunses e`k e knnetnk kunfbst ifnnkb`m abs fbn jut j`tj ifegl

vjfge`bg se`kstan rneknr bs bccnrsnk b` tan e`testbgef wjrfk jtan Irbtbsa e`k Ecnrbge` snecn` waj strummfnk jr suprncegy jvnrtan wjrfks jgne`s b` tan su`snt yners j tan emn j sebf.

IN@ A^MANW bs e tneganr e`k fngturnr. Abs prnvbjus ijjls b`gfuknGj`qunr jr Kbn!, [ny Waeff @jt Tess, [n Wbnmn j Ojrt ]bffbec

An`ry, e`k[n Irbtbsa B`vesbj` j tan Ybvnr Tfetn 514?=.

CER 945?| 9;4 pp. | ? x 2 | Abstjry ]er jo 515994 bffustretbj`s

Aerkgjvnr8 $;?.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5-;=719-7?;-1



AJ]EYK A^MANWEvbetjrIy Mnjrmn H. Cerrntt

E cestnruf stuky j j`n j evbetbj`s cjst n`bmcetbg, cystnrbjus, e`kesgbètb`m stmurns. [jrjumafy rnsnergank, gjmn`t, e`k wrbttn` b` e

vbvbk styfn, Mnjrmn Cerrntts ijjl bs e` nxtrejrkbèry eggjcpfbsacn`t, ecust jr e`yj`n b`tnrnstnk b` Aumans e`k abs rncerleifn gj`trbiutbj stj evbetbj` tnga`jfjmy e`k ebr tre`spjrt.Kr. Ybgaerk T. Aeffbj`,ojrcnr Fb`kinrma Trjonssjr jo Enrjspegn Abstjry, Wcbtasj`beB`stbtutbj`

_nry n`mrjssb`m, b`jrcetbvn, e`k wnff wrbttn` . . . gjvnrs eff evbetbj`rnfetnk espngts j tabs jutste`kb`m iut nrretbg bnrs esgbètb`m e`kuftbcetnfy trembg fbn.Kjèfk W. Fjpnz, Knputy Kbrngtjr, @etbjèfEbr e`k Wpegn Cusnuc

Mnjrmn H. Cerrntt, e jrcnr tnst pbfjt jr evbetjr Ajwerk Aumans,snperetns egt rjc stgtbj` tj tnff tan b`sbkn stjry j tan mn`bus wajsnt bmat spnnk rngjrks b` tan 5274s e`k wn`t j` tj knvnfjp sjcn jEcnrbges cjst ecjus ebrgreo e`k wnepj`s. [n eutajr krews jàbs wnefta j nxpnrbn`gns e`k tajsn j jtanr Aumans gj`stke`ts tjteln rneknrs b`sbkn Aumanss gjcpfnx e`k gfe`knstb`n wjrfk. Cerrnttb`tnmretns stjrbns j Aumans tan egn pbfjt wbta Aumans tan knsbm`nre`k iusb`nssce` waj ingecn Ecnrbges strst ibffbjèbrn.

MNJYMN H. CEYYN[[nw 511 gjciet cbssbj`s b` Wjutanest Esbejr tan Ebr Ojrgn kurb`m tan _bntèc ]er e`k fetnr wjrlnk twn`ty

yners es e tnst pbfjt jr tan Aumans Ebrgreo Gjcpe`y. Cerrntt bs eOnffjw j tan Wjgbnty j Nxpnrbcn`tef nst Tbfjts e`k fbvns wbta abs

wbn, He , b` Gefbjr`be.

95W[ GN@[^YR L@JQBùn`gn, Wne Tjwnr, e`k Abstjry ojr tan Cjknr` NreNkbtnk iy Kevbk Lja`n`

Gjccj. Kukfny ]rbmat L`jx tjjl e pregtbtbj`nrs epprjega tjcerbtbcn abstjry, anfpb`m tj recn e mfjief cbssbj` jr tan .W. @evyAevb`m mrekuetnk wbta tan ^.W. @evef Egekncy Gfess j 512=, angjcce knk e verbnty j wersabps e`k em anekquertnrs. An snrvnkb` gjciet kurb`m tan 5121 Wpe`bsa-Ecnrbge` ]er, tan Ijxnr Yninffbj`, e`k b` tan Tabfbppb`ns. ]bta b`tnffbmn`gn, L`jx fnek nffljrts tjnsteifbsa tan spngbef rnfetbj`sabp intwnn` tan Yjyef @evy e`k ^.W@evy kurb`m twj wjrfk wers. Anfpb`m tj rnefbzn tan vbsbj`s j e èvy

sngj`k tj `j`n L`jx essbstnk Trnsbkn`t Ore`lfb` K. Yjjsnvnft b`nkugetb`m Ecnrbge`s tj u`knrste`k tan nxus intwnn` wer e`k pnegn^`fbln ercbns jr ebr jrgns, L`jx ermunk taet evbns prjvbknk u`bqucne`s, `jt tj celn wer iut tj prnsnrvn pnegn, `jt tj in prnketjryiut tj sabnfk tan rnn knvnfjpcn`t j gjccnrgn, jt tj u`snttfn ta

wjrfk iut tj steibfbzn bt tarjuma tan prjcjtbj` j few e`k jrknr.

95st Gn`tury L`jx jfflnrs e prbcnr j` tan tab`lb`m j tan ce` wajnxnrtnk e` n`jrcjus bùn`gn j` tan ^.W. @evy kurb`m tan strst stoy

yners j tan twn`tbnta gn`tury. Abs bknes j` qunstbj`s j stretnmyfneknrsabp, e`k cerbtbcn jpnretbj`s rnceb` rnfnve`t tj èvef prjnssbjèfs b`tj tan twn`ty-strst gn`tury e`k inyj`k.

KE_BK LJA@N@ner`nk e TaK wbta tan Feumatj` Gaebr j @eveAbstjry et tan `bvnrsbty j Fj`kj`, Lb`ms Gjffnmn. An bs tan eutajj Gjcce`knrs ]b`` e`k L`jwfns8 ]b``b`m tan ^-Ijet ]er wbta

B`tnffbmn gnes wnff es snvnref jtanr wjrls.

Wnrbns8 95st Gn`tury Oju`ketbj`s

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18/56? [an ]jrfks Fnekb`m @evef e`k Cbf btery Tuif bsanr sb`gn 5121.

@N]TIFBGE[BJ@W

[AN IE[[FN JO CBK]ER[an @evef B`stbtutn Mubkn tj tan ^.W. @evy'sMrnetnst _bgtjry

Nkbtnk iy [ajces G. Aj`n

E cestnruf, eff-nciregb`m wjrl kntebfb`m ijta tan Ecnrbge` e`kHepe`nsn sbkns j tan pbvjtef Iettfn j Cbkwey b` ]jrfk ]er BB. . . .\Aj`nS prjvbkns e` eisjfutnfy nssn`tbef e`k nxgnptbjèffy gjcprnan`sbvnekkbtbj` tj tan fbirerbns j cbfbtery abstjrbe`s e`k e`yj`n b`tnrnstnkb` e gjcpfntn e`k supnrify eèfyznk u`knrste`kb`m j j`n j tan cjstbcpjrte`t èvef iettfns nvnr.Kjumfes _. Wcbta, prjonssjr jostretnmy e`k pjfbgy, ^.W. @evef ]er Gjffnmn, Abstjrbe` Mn`nref

jo tan @evef Jrknr jo tan ^`btnk Wtetns [n Iettfn j Cbkwey, gjccncjretnk e`ùeffy b` tan ^.W. @evy,

werre`ts gfjsn ettn`tbj`. [bs @evef B`stbtutn mubkn b`gfukns sjcn jtan cjst vbire`t e`k b`jrcnk eggju`ts iy b`kbvbkuefs waj jumatj` ijta sbkns j tan Hu`n 52;9 iettfn. [n e`tajfjmy puffs tjmntanrcncjbrs, ertbgfns, nxgnrpts rjc jtanr @evef B`stbtutn Trnss ijjls,e`k rnfnve`t mjvnr`cn`t kjgucn`ts tj anfp rneknrs u`knrste`k

waet aeppn`nk e`k nxpfeb` way tan iettfn wes sj sbm`bstge t tj tanèvef snrvbgn. Bt efsj b`gfukns snfngtbj`s rjc snvnref bcpjrte`t @evefB`stbtutn jref abstjrbns. Orjc tan n`fbstnk ce`s pnrspngtbvn tj tanekcbrefs, jr ijta Ecnrbge`s e`k Hepe`nsn, [n Iettfn j Cbkweyn`surns taet rneknrs snn tan ^.W. @evys mrnetnst vbgtjry es tan pertbg-

bpe`ts nxpnrbn`gnk bt.[AJCEW G. AJ@N, e jrcnr nxngutbvn b` tan Jgn j tan Wngrnteryj Knn`sn, bs e` ewerk-wb``b`m eutajr j ce`y pepnrs e`k ijjlsj` èvef suihngts, b`gfukb`m Ecnrbge e`k Irbtbsa Ebrgreo Gerrbnr

Knvnfjpcn`t, 525252;5. An aes teumat et tan @evef ]er Gjffnmne`k tan @etbjèf Knn`sn ^`bvnrsbty ecj`m jtanr b`stbtutbj`s. Anrnsbkns b` Erfb`mtj`, _brmb`be.

[AN OYN@GA @E_R B@ ]JYFK ]EY BBIy Yner Ekcbref Teuf Eupae` e`k Hegquns Cjrkef

Trbjr tj tabs ijjls jrbmbèf puifbgetbj` b` 52>2, fbttfn aek inn` kj`ntj kbspnf gjùsbj` rnmerkb`m waet rneffy aeppn`nk tj tan Orn`ga@evy kurb`m ]jrfk ]er BB. Onw pnjpfn rnefbznk tan trembg sbtuetbj`j e gju`try jrgnk tj gepbtufetn tj e trekbtbjèf n`ncy. Eonr tabsaucbfbetb`m nxpnrbn`gn, tan @evy, b` bts ettncpts tj prnsnrvn Ore`gnjrnbm` pjssnssbj`s e`k tj suppfy tan cjtanr gju`try, ju`k btsnf tjrìntwnn` tan gj`bgtb`m b`tnrnsts j b`vjfvnk b`tnrèf e`k b`tnrètbjè

pjfbtbgs. Ojrgnk tj sguttfn pert j tan nnt et jufj`, tan rnceb`knju`k tancsnfvns vbnwnk wbta wery suspbgbj` iy ijta tan Mnrce`

e`k tan Effbns.[et tan Orn`ga @evy wes eifn tj survbvn et eff bs e cb`jr cbregfn[et bt sj wnff prnsnrvnk bts uè`bcbty es tj rntur` tj tan stmat e`k

pertbgbpetn b` tan stèf vbgtjry bs b` btsnf e trbiutn tj tan cjref, kbsgbpfb`n, e`k trekbtbj s taet ketn iegl tj tan grusekns. [n Orn`ga @evyb` ]jrfk ]er BBbs jw evebfeifn b` pepnriegl.

YNEY EKCBYEF TE^F E^TAE@(512;5219) snrvnk b` ]jrfk ]er Be`k ]jrfk ]er BB. Eonr snrvb`m es Cb`bstnr j tan Orn`ga @evy, anrnsbm`nk j` 5> @jvncinr 52;9. An puifbsank ùcnrjus ijjls j`èvef e`k pjfbtbgef abstjry.

HEU^NW CJYKEF(525414) wes e Orn`ga evef abstjrbe`. An eutajrnk

twn`ty ijjls j` ]jrfk ]er BB, tan cjst bcpjrte`t j wabga rnfetntan stjrbns j tan gj`spbgujus nvn`ts b` tan abstjry j tan Orn`ga@evy8 tan @jrwnmbe` gecpebm`< tan iettfns j Ku`lbrl, Keler, e`kGeseife`ge< e`k tan wer b` B`kjgabè.

H^@N 945?| ;>? pp. | ?51 x 2 | Abstjry ]jrfk ]er BB7; i/w pajtjs | 55 ceps

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CEYMB@ JO _BG[JYRObvn Iettfns taet Gae`mnk tan Oegn jo Cjknr` ]erIy Kjumfes CegmrnmjrOjrnwjrk iy Yjinrt C. Gbtb`j

B Cermb` j _bgtjryKjumfes Cegmrnmjr tnffs tan rbvntb`m stjrbns j stvncbfbtery iettfns j tan twn`tbnta gn`tury, nega j`n e tur`b`m pjb`t bàbstjry. Inmb``b`m wbta tan Irbtbsa Nxpnkbtbjèry jrgn ajfkb`m tanfb`n et tan Iettfn j Cj`s b` 525; e`k gj`gfukb`m wbta tan Iettfn jNestb`m b` 5225 kurb`m Knsnrt Wtjrc,Cermb` j _bgtjrytnesns jut egj``ngtbj` intwnn` tansn iettfns e`k tnegans bts rneknrs e` bcpjrte`tfnssj` eijut ajw uturn iettfns ge` in wj`.

Ncpaesbzb`m cbfbtery stretnmy, jrgn knsbm`, e`k cjknr`bzetbj`,Cegmrnmjr fb`ls nega j tansn snncb`mfy bsjfetnk iettfns tancetbgeffy.Et tan gjrn j abs eèfysbs, tan eutajr rncb`ks tan rneknr taet tj insuggnssuf, cbfbtery egtbj` cust efweys in gj`mrun`t wbta ètbjèfgufturn, mnjmrepay, e`k sgbn`tbstg-b`kustrbef gepegbty. An tanjrbzns taetstretnmy e`k mnjpjfbtbgs ern uftbcetnfy cjrn bùn`tbef tae` bknjfjmy.Cegmrnmjr strnssns taet b ètbj`-stetns we`t tj in suggnssuf, tany custeggnpt tan `nnk jr e`k tan b`nvbteibfbty j gae`mn. [n stvn werstmatb`mkreces b` tabs ijjl, rn`knrnk b` vbvbk kntebf iy fbvnfy prjsn, jfflnrce`y fnssj`s j` tan tegtbgef, jpnretbjèf, e`k stretnmbg fnvnfs j wer.

GJF. KJ^MFEW CEGMYNMJY, ^WE (YN[.)bs e kngjretnk gjciet vntnre`wbta e TaK b` b`tnr etbjèf rnfetbj s rjc tan `bvnrsbty j _brmb`be.An bs tan eutajr j stvn ijjls e`k bs tan nxngutbvn vbgn prnsbkn`t jIurln-Cegmrnmjr Mrjup FFG, e knn`sn e`k jrnbm` pjfbgy gj`suftb`mstrc b` @jrtanr` _brmb`be.

[^Y@EIJ^[ E@K KNGNT[BJ@Greotb`m tan Kjuifn-Grjss e`k tan [anjry jo JutsIy Iertj` ]aefnyNkbtnk iy Wuse` Wtrettj` Eylrjyk

urèijut e`k Kngnptbj`gjcib`ns twj j spycestnr Iertj` ]aefny'cjst pjtn`t eèfysns j tan greo8 urèijut8 Greob`m tan Kjuifn-Grjse`k ]an` Kngnptbj` Oebfs8 [n [njry j Juts. Nega nxecbètbj` knfvnb`tj nxtn`sbvn gesn stukbns tj nsteifbsa `jt j`fy ju`ketbjèf u`knr-ste`kb`ms j nssn`tbef nspbjèmn prb`gbpefs, iut efsj grnetns mubke`gn jtanbr pregtbgef eppfbgetbj` j` ijta b`kbvbkuef e`k mjvnr`cn`tef sgefns

Kngnptbj` bs e iesbg tegtbg usnk iy effbns e`k n`ncbns efbln, iut wanìjta prjtemj`bst e`k e`temj`bst pfy tan secn trekn, bt bs tan cestnj tan kjuifn-grjss waj gjcns jut tan vbgtjr. urèijut e`k Kngnptbj`nxecb`ns ajw tj tur` tan teifns j` e` jppj`n`t e`k usn tanbrjw` kngnptbj` emeb`st tanc. [rjuma tabrty-nbmat gesn stukbns, tabscj`jmrepa kbssngts tan kjuifn-grjss tj rnvnef tan psygajfjmbgeiettfn j wbts et bts gjrn.

@j cettnr ajw wnff greonk, ajwnvnr, tanrn bs efweys e gae`gn taet ekngnptbj` wbff ebf. Iut ebfurn bs jt tan n`k j e kngnptbj`, e`k nvnèbfnk kngnptbj` jpnretbj`s ge` ybnfk rnsufts. urèijut e`k Kngnptbj`

pjrns jvnr sbxty cjrn gesn stukbns tj kntnrcb`n way e kngnptbj` wbfebf, stnps tj prnvn`t e ebfnk jpnretbj`, e`k ajw tj tur` taet ebfurnb`tj e suggnss.

IEY[J@ ]AEFNR(52919457) wes e rnsnerga prjnssjr b` tan Knpertcn`t j Knn`sn Eèfysbs et tan ^.W. @evef Tjstmrekuetn Wgajje`k e gj`sufte`t e`k eutajr jr tan @etbjèf B`tnffbmn`gn Gju`gbfsOjrnbm` Kn`bef & Kngnptbj` Gjccbttnn (OKKG). Kr. ]aefny

wes e` b tnrèffy rn jw`nk sgajfer e`k eutajrbty j` kngnptbj` e`kgju`tnr kngnptbj`.

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@N]TIFBGE[BJ@W

J[ANY [B[FNW B@ [AN WNYBNW[an ^.W. @evef B`stbtutn j` ]jcn` b` tan @evy8 [an AbstjryTepnriegl8 $52.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-21;->

[an ^.W. @evef B`stbtutn j` ]jcn` b` tan @evy8 [an Gaeffn`mnsTepnriegl8 $52.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-21?-2

[an ^.W. @evef B`stbtutn j` tan ^.W. @evef Egekncy8 [an AbstjryTepnriegl8 $52.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-211-7

[AN CEYB@N GJYTW E[ ]EYOrjc tan Ecnrbge` Ynvjfutbj` tj tan prns-n`t key, tan ^.W. Cerb`n Gjrps aes jon`

fnk tan stmat emeb`st Ecnrbges n`ncbns. [nsnfngtbj`s b` tabs e`tajfjmy jfflnr b`sbmatsb`tj Cerb`n jpnretbj`s b` Ljrne b` 51=5e`k emeb` b` tan 52>4s, tan Wpe`bsa Ecnr-bge` ]er, _bntèc, tan strst Muf ]er, Breq,Emae`bste`, e`k cjrn.

Cey 945?| 5=? pp.> x 1 | Abstjry Evbetbj`

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CEYB@N GJYTW E_BE[BJ@Oecjus es ijjts j` tan mrju`k, ^.W.Cerb`ns aevn fj`m pfeynk e vbtef rjfn b` tan

ebr es wnff. B` tansn pemns, rneknrs wbff st`kijta abstjry e`k eèfysbs es @evef B stbtutneutajrs rngjrk e`k essnss tabs fnssnr-l`jwìut sbm`bstge`t espngt j Fnetanr`nglgjciet jvnr tan fest gn`tury.

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_BN[@EC8 E YN[YJWTNG[B_Nrun tj bts rjfn es prjvbknr j e` jpn`jruc, tan @evef B`stbtutn aes knvjtnk

ce`y pemns tj tan _bntèc ]er. B` tabsrntrjspngtbvn e`k b`trjspngtbvn gjffngtbjèutajrs prjvbkn e fjjl iegl et taet gj`trjvnrsbef wer b` snerga j u`knrste`kb`mfnssj`s fner`nk, rngjm`btbj`, e`k, b` sjcngesns, gfjsurn.

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^.W. @E_EF B@W[B[^[N GAYJ@BGFNW[n .W. @evef B`stbtutn Garj`bgfns snrbns jgusns j` tan rnfnve`gn j abstjry iy nxpfjrb`m tjpbgs fbln sbm`bstge`t iettfns, pnrsjèfbtbns, e`k snrvbgngjcpj`n`ts. eppb`m b`tj tan ^.W. @evef B`stbtutn's rjiust ergabvns, tansn gernuffy snfngtnk vjfucns anfp rneknrs u`knrste`k ùe`gnk suihngts iy

prjvbkb`m u`bqun pnrspngtbvns e k sjcn j tan inst gj trbiutbj s taet aevn anfpnk saepn evef tab`lb`m jvnr tan ce y kngekns sb`gn tan B`stbtutnju`kb`m b` 51=7.

[an ^.W. @evef B`stbtutn j` tan ^.W. @evef Egekncy8[an Gaeffn`mnsTepnriegl8 $52.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-497-=

[an ^.W. @evef B`stbtutn j` tan ^.W. @evy YnsnrvnTepnriegl8 $52.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-224-?



WNYBNW NKB[JY[AJCEW H. G^[FNY, snrbns nkbtjr, aes inn` snrvb`m tan ^.W. @evy b` verbjus gepegbtbns jr cjrn tae` stoy yners. [n eutajr j ce`y ertbgfns e`kijjls, b`gfukb`m snvnref nkbtbj`s j [n Ifunheglnts Ceùefe`kE Webfjrs Abstjry j tan ^.W. @evy, an bs gurrn`tfy tan Kbrngtjr j TrjnssbjèTuifbsab`m et tan @evef B`stbtutn Trnss e`k Ofnnt Trjnssjr j Wtretnmy e`k Tjfbgy wbta tan @evef ]er Gjffnmn. An aes rngnbvnk tan ]bffbec TGfncn`ts Ewerk jr Nxgnffn`gn b` Nkugetbj` es cbfbtery tneganr j tan yner et tan ^.W. @evef Egekncy, tan Efrnk [eynr Ceae` Ewerk jr @evefFbtnreturn, tan ^.W. Cerbtbcn Fbtnreturn Ewerk, tan @evef B`stbtutn Trnss Eutajr j tan Rner Ewerk, e`k tan Gjccjkjrn Kukfny ]. L`jx @evefAbstjry Fbntbcn Egabnvncn`t Ewerk prnsn`tnk iy tan ^.W. @evef Abstjrbgef Oju`ketbj`.

[AN TE@ECE GE@EF]bta tan Teèce Geèf gurrn`tfy u knr-mjb`m e cehjr nxpe`sbj`, bt bs epprjprbetn

e`k n`fbmatn`b`m tj fjjl iegl tj tan nerfykeys j tabs rncerleifn e`k sjcnwaetprnsucptujus prjhngt. ]bta bts suiste`-tbef cerbtbcn bcpegt, bt bs `jt surprbsb`mtaet tan geèf wes tan suihngt j cugatajumat-prjvjlb`m kbefjm b` tan @evefB`stbtutns u`bqun jruc.

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_BN[@EC8 GJEW[EF E@KYB_NYB@N ]EYOEYNEcj`m tan verbjus espngts j tan ^.W.

@evys b`-gju`try nxpnrbn`gns b` _bnt-èc, sceff-greo jpnretbj`s ern ecj`m tancjst sbm`bstge`t. Ynvnefnk b` tabs gjffng-tbj` rjc tan @evef B`stbtutns ergabvnsern Jpnretbj`s Cerlnt bcn, Mecn]erkn`, e`k WNEFJYKW, es wnff sjcnfnssnr-l`jw` espngts j tan @evys bgj`-jgfestbg vn`turn b`tj tan mrnn` e`k irjw`

wetnrs j Wjutanest Esbe.

Hu`n 945?| 5=? pp.> x 1 | Abstjry _bntèc

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[AN GJEW[ MÊYK[n .W. Gjest Muerk aes fj`m snr vnk tabcerbtbcn ètbj` b` bcpjrte`t e`k jon`

vbtef weys, e`k aes fj`m inn` e rngurrb`mtjpbg b` tan @evef B`stbtutns jpn` jrucFbn-sevb`m, bgn-irnelb`m, iujy-tn`kb`me`k ajcnfe`k sngurbty ern hust e nw j tance`y u`gtbj`s j tabs kbcbùtbvn snrvbgnce`ketnk rnspj`sbibfbtbns.

Hufy 945?| 5=? pp.> x 1 | Abstjry @evef

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BWI@8 2=1-5-?19;=-4;?-?



@N]TIFBGE[BJ@W

JTNYE[BJ@ CN@EGN[an Keler Nxpnkbtbj` e`k tan Kukfny @jrta EooebrIy Ertaur H. Cerknr@nw B`trjkugtbj` iy Ierry Mjuma

Gj`tbùb`m j` rjc Ertaur Cerknrs prnvbjus ijjl,Orjc tan Ker-ke`nffns tj Jre`8 Wtukbns j tan Yjyef @evy b` Tnegn 525>52;4, tabs`nxt vjfucn b`vnstbmetns tan Effbnk nxpnkbtbj` j Wnptncinr 52;4,

wbta Kn Meuffn prnsn t, wabga u`suggnssuffy ettncptnk tj irnel tanOrn`ga et Keler ewey rjc tan _bgay Mjvnr`cn`t.

E pnt jpnretbj` j Trbcn Cb`bstnr Gaurgabff, tan jpnretbj` wes

u`knrteln` emeb`st eff ekvbgn, e`k bt tur`nk jut tj in e stesgj. B` taneutajrs wjrks, Cnègn nxncpfbstnk, b` bts mn`nsbs, pfe``b`m, e`knxngutbj , eff taet ge` mj wrj`m b` werern< e` jpnretbj` jufnk upiy u`jrnsnn` gj`tb`mn`gbns, tan eggbkn`ts j wer, e`k auce` nrrjr,e`k emeb`st e ieglmrju`k j u`kun pjfbtbgef b`tnrnrn`gn, bèknquetn

pfe``b m, e`k aef-ielnk gj-jpnretbj` intwnn` Effbns.

^sb`m Ekcbrefty e`k Geib`nt pepnrs, es wnff es prbvetn sjurgns jb`jrcetbj`, Cerknr wnevns e slbffnk gjursn tarjuma eff tan gjcpfnxcetnrbef tj prjkugn e cestnrfy gesn-stuky j ajw e` jpnretbj` bscju`tnk e`k ajw bt ge` mj kbsestrjusfy wrj m. Bt bs e gfessbg, tremb-gjcbg bffustretbj` j tan jm j wer.

EY[A^Y H. CEYKNYwes e cntbgufjus rnsnerganr, tneganr, e`k wrbtnr.

An wes pnraeps tan cjst kbstb`mubsank abstjrbe` j tan cjknr`Yjyef @evy. An anfk e ùcinr j tnegab`m pjsts, rngnbvnk gju`tfnssaj`jrs, e`k puifbsank stonn` cehjr wjrls j` Irbtbsa èvef abstjry.Cerknr kbnk b` 5214.

KNE[A J@ [AN ANFFWABTWTrbsj`nrs et Wne b` tan Tegbstg ]erIy Mrnmjry O. Cbga`j

E gernuffy rnsnergank e`k pjbmè`tfy tjfk tefn j tajuse`ks j Ecnrbge`waj kbnk et sne et tan ae`ks j tanbr jw` gju`trycn`. [n egt taet tanbrùcinrs wnrn mrnetnr tae` tan ùcinr j knetas b` tan ifjjkbnst j ef

Tegbstg wer iettfns, Jlbèwe, bs sajglb m. . . .Wbcufte njusfy hukbgbjussycpetantbg, e`k gjcpnffb`m b` abs prnsn`tetbj`, Cbga`j aes prjkugnke cust rnek ijjl jr e`yj`n b`tnrnstnk b` Tegbstg wer abstjry.YjmnrY. Kb`mce`, eutajr joMajst jo ]er8 [n Wb`lb`m jo tanEwe Ceru

e`k Hepe`nsn-Ecnrbge` Ynfetbj`s, 52;>522>

@jw evebfeifn b` pepnriegl,Kneta j` tan Anffsabpsgarj`bgfns tan trunkbcn`sbj`s j tan Effbnk TJ] nxpnrbn`gn et sne. Bt bs e kbsturib`mstjry< ce`y infbnvn tan Ietee` Kneta Cerga nvn` pefns iy gjcperbsj`. Wurvbvjrs knsgrbin tanbr jrknef b` tan Hepe`nsn anffsabps es taneisjfutn wjrst nxpnrbn`gn j tanbr geptbvbty. Greccnk iy tan taju-se`ks b`tj tan ajfks j tan sabps, cjvnk rjc bsfe`k tj bsfe`k e`k putj wjrl, tany n`kurnk eff tan ajrrjrs j tan prbsj` gecps cem`bstnktn`jfk. Mrnmjry Cbga`j krews j` Ecnrbge`, Irbtbsa, Eustrefbe`, e`kKutga TJ] eggju`ts es wnff es Hepe`nsn gj`vjy abstjrbns, kngfessbstnkrekbj b`tnffbmn`gn rnpjrts, e`k e wnefta j ergabvef sjurgns tj prnsnè kntebfnk pbgturn j tan ajrrjr.

MYNMJYR O. CBGA@Jbs tan sj` j e ]jrfk ]er BB suicerb`nr wajsnijet pertbgbpetnk b` j`n j tan bècjus tjrpnkjb`ms j e Hepe nsnanffsabp. An aes wrbttn` twnfvn `j`stgtbj` ijjls, snvnref j tancewerk wb``nrs, e`k cjrn tae` jrty ertbgfns. An e`k abs wbn, Wuse`fbvn b` Nrbn, Gjfjrekj.

H^FR 945?| 71; pp. | ? x 2 | Abstjry ]jrfk ]er BB94 i/w pajtjs | 7 ceps

Tepnriegl8 $9?.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-?79-9

H^FR 945?| 794 pp. | > x 1 | Abstjry @evef5? pajtjs e`k ceps

Tepnriegl8 $9;.2>(^WEG) | BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-=9>-5



[AN WNEWBGL EKCBYEF@nfsj` e`k tan Anefta jo tan @evyIy Lnvb` Irjw`

Ekcbref Fjrk Ajretbj @nfsj` kbk `jt n`hjy rjiust mjjk anefta.Orjc abs gabfkajjk an wes prj`n tj ce`y j tan ebfcn`ts sj gjccj`kurb`m tan nbmatnn`ta gn`tury, e`k eonr an hjb`nk tan Yjyef @evy angj`tregtnk nvnrs taet urtanr u`knrcb`nk abs strn`mta. @nvnrtanfnss,an sew cjrn egtbj` tae` cjst jgnrs, e`k wes jon` wju`knk. Abssbgl`nss cekn abc u`bqunfy ewern j tan bcpjrte`gn j anefta e`kstt`nss tj tan ngbn`t ru``b`m j e nnt, e`k tabs `nw ijjl b`vnstbmetns@nfsj`s pnrsjèf gj`trbiutbj` tj bcprjvb`m tan wnfern j tan cn`

an gjcce`knk. Bt re`mns rjc bssuns j kbnt, aymbn`n, e`k bcprjvnkcnkbgef pregtbgns. Infbnvb`m prnvn`tbj` wes inttnr tae` gurn, @nfsj`wn`t tj mrnet fn mtas tj jiteb` rnsa prjvbsbj s, b`sbstnk j` gfne`fb`nssb` abs sabps, e`k u`knrstjjk tan rnfetbj`sabp intwnn` cn`tef e`k

paysbgef anefta, wjrlb m tbrnfnssfy tj lnnp up tan cjrefn j abs cn`.@nfsj s bùn`gn b` evef anefta wes aumnfy sbm`bstge`t, e rjfn wabgatabs ijjl rnvnefs b` kntebf jr tan strst tbcn.

LN_B@ IYJ]@bs tan guretjr j tan Efnxe`knr Ofncb`m Cusnuc et Wt.Cerys Ajspbtef, Tekkb`mtj` e`k e` nxpnrt j` tan abstjry j cnkbgb`n.An bs tan eutajr jObmatb m Obte`kTjxnk & Wgurvbnk.

IFJGLEKNGrubsnr ]eroern e`k tan Wtervetbj` jo Mnrce`yb` ]jrfk ]er J`n

Iy Wtnvn Y. Ku``

Ifjgleknbs tan stjry j e fj`m-ru``b`m trekn iettfn et sne intwnnÌrbteb` e`k Mnrce`y kurb`m tan Obrst ]jrfk ]er. Nega gju`tryjumat jr survbvef, iut tabs ijjl jgusns j` tan stjry j tan @jrtanrÌerremn e`k tan 54ta Grubsnr Wquekrj`.

[n Yjyef @evys rjfn kurb`m ]jrfk ]er B kn`yb`m Mnrce`y eggnsstj tan sne, trekn, e`k vbtef rnsjurgns wes grugbef tj anfpb`m Irbteb`

wb` tan wer j` tan ]nstnr` Orj t. [n @jrtanr` Ifjglekn, fjgetnkegrjss tan bàjspbteifn wetnrs intwnn` Bgnfe`k e`k Wgjtfe`k, wes tjirb`m tan Mnrce` ngj`jcy tj bts l`nns e`k knstrjy anr ajcn rj`tcjrefn. Fblnwbsn, tan Yjyef @evys suggnss b` `nmetb`m Mnrce`yettegls j` Irbtbsa gjccnrgn prnvn`tnk cuga sufflnrb`m b` Irbteb`.

Wtnvn Ku`` vbvbkfy knsgrbins tan stèf knstrugtbj` j Mnrce` suregnvnssnf gjccnrgn werern. An nxecb`ns tan Ecnrbge` rnegtbj` tjtan Irbtbsa èvef ifjglekn e`k tj Mnrce`ys wer j` trekn es wnff esMnrce`ys trnetcn`t j Ecnrbge` sebfjrs teln` prbsj`nr. Ku`` efsjgj`sbknrs gae`mns b` stretnmy ncpfjynk iy ijta sbkns.

Ifjgleknirb`ms tj fbn tan nxpnrbn`gns j tajsn waj ce``nk tanifjglekn e`k grnetns e vbvbk pbgturn j tan ke`mnrs j kuty b` tab

abmafy sbm`bstge`t, iut jvnrfjjlnk espngt j ]jrfk ]er B.

W[N_N Y. K^@@aes e spngbef b`tnrnst b` tan Yjyef @evy j tan fetn_bgtjrbe`, Nkwerkbe`, e`k Obrst ]jrfk ]er nres. An bs tan eutajr j[n Wgepnmjet, [n Gjwerk:, e`k tan stjry j tan strst Irbtbsa iettfnsabp

Ojrcbkeifn, tj in su`l iy e tjrpnkj. An fbvns b` ]jrgnstnrsabrn e`ksjutawnst Ore`gn.

ONIYÊYR 945?| 9>? pp. | ? x 2 | Abstjry @evef79 bffustretbj`s

Aerkgjvnr8 $72.2> (^WEG) | BWI@8 2=1-5-1;179-95=-9

H^FR 945?| 9>? pp. | ? x 2 | Abstjry ]jrfk ]er B54 i/w bffustretbj`s

Aerkgjvnr8 $79.2>(^WEG) | BWI@8 2=1-5-1;179-7;4-=


24/56

@N]TIFBGE[BJ@W A^@[NYW E@K LBFFNYW

_jfucn 98 E`tb-Wuicerb`n ]eroernorjc 52;7

Iy @jrce` Tjfcer e`k Nkwerk ]abtce`

Es e ste`k-efj`n wjrl, jfucn 5 j @jrce` Tjfcere`k Nkwerk ]abtce s Au`tnrs e`k Lbffnrsbs tancjst vefueifn e`k gjcprnan`sbvn wjrl j` tan suihngt j

e`tb-suicerb`n werern (EW]) tj ketn. ]an` jfucn9 bs rnfnesnk, tan gjcpfntn snt wbff ingjcn tan ste`kerkrnnrn`gn jr nvnry espngt j EW] jc 5==> tj tan n`k jtan Gjfk ]er.Kwbmat Y. Cnssbcnr, eutajr joOb k

e`k Knstrjy8 E`tbsuicerb n ]eroern b` ]jrfk ]er B

Au`tnrs e`k Lbffnrsbs e gjcprnan`sbvn twj-vjfucnabstjry j eff espngts j E`tb-Wuicerb`n ]erern(EW]), gjvnrb`m bts inmb``b`ms b` tan fetn 51ta Gn`-

tury tarjuma tan bcpjrte`t rjfn j prnsn`t e`tb-suice-rb`n systncs e`k jpnretbj`s. [n strst vjfucn kbsgussnsEW] jpnretbj`s up tj ]jrfk ]er BB, n`kb`m b` nerfy52;7, e`k tabs sngj`k vjfucn gj`tbùns rjc 52;7tj tan prnsn`t. B` ekkbtbj` tj tegtbgef e`k stretnmbgèrretbvns j cehjr EW] gecpebm`s, tabs wjrl gjvnrstan nvjfutbj` j EW] sn`sjrs, wnepj`s, pfetjrcs,e`k tegtbgs.

[n sngj`k vjfucn jAu`tnrs e`k Lbffnrsinmb`s et tantur`b`m pjb`t j tan Iettfn j tan Etfe tbg, wan` Effbnknffljrts jrgnk tan ^-ijets tj wbtakrew rjc tan @jrtaEtfe`tbg. ]bta gryptjfjmbg irneltarjumas, mrjwb`m

ùcinrs j nsgjrt e`k fj`m-re`mn petrjf ebrgreo, e`k`nw wnepj`s, tan Effbnk e`tb-suicerb`n ekve`temncju`tnk qubglfy. B` tan Tegbstg tanetnr, Tjfcer e`k]abtce` gj`sbknr tan jon`-jvnrfjjlnk EW] ekve`g-ns taet tan Hepe`nsn cekn kurb`m ]jrfk ]er BB.

ur`b`m tj tan Gjfk ]er, tan eutajrs nxecb`n tanEW] knvnfjpcn`ts tabs gj`rj`tetbj` cjtbvetnk bìjta tan ]nst e`k tan Wjvbnt ^`bj`. [n supnrpjw-nrs kurb`m tabs nre knvnfjpnk suicerb ns ercnk wbtaùgfner wnepj`s, e`k nega grnetnk tnga`bquns tj gju`tnr tan b`tn`sbstnk suicerb`n tarnets. Tjfcer e`k ]abtce` kbsguss tan nxtn`sbvn e`tb-suicerb nespngts j tan Guie` Cbssbfn Grbsbs e`k tan Oeflfe`ks Gj`bgt, e`k gj`sbknr EW] knvnfjpcn`ts b`tj tan nerfy 95st Gn`tury.

[n sngj`k vjfucn jAu`tnrs e`k Lbffnrsgjcpfntns tan cjst b`-knpta abstjry j EW] nvnr puifbsank. ]rbttn iy twj j tan cjst l`jwfnkmneifn

sgajfers j` tan suihngt, bt bs e cust jw` jr e`yj`n b`tnrnstnk b` evef abstjry.

@JYCE@ TJFCEYbs e` eèfyst, gj`sufte t, e`k eutajr spngbefbzb`m b` evef, evbetbj`, e`k sgbn`gn e`k tnga`jfjmy bssuns. An aes inn` e gj`sufte`jr ekvbsjr j` èvef-rnfetnk bssuns tj tarnn ^.W. snètjrs, tan Wpnelnr j tan Ajusn, e`k tan Knputy Gju`snfjr tj tan Trnsbkn`t, es wnff es tj tanKbrngtjr j tan Fjs Efecjs @etbjèf Feijretjry. An aes wrbttn` jr gjeutajrnk cjrn tae` stoy puifbsank ijjls e`k ùcnrjus ertbgfns j` èvef,evbetbj , tnga`jfjmy, e`k b`tnffbmn`gn suihngts.

NK]EYK ]AB[CE@stukbnk nfngtrbgef n`mb`nnrb`m et tan Cessegausntts B`stbtutn j nga`jfjmy e`k fetnr ner`nk e TaK b` taet stnfk rjc tan `bvnrsbtyj Ceryfe`k. Kurb`m abs ;4-yner @evy gbvbfbe` gernnr, Kr. ]abtce` anfk sn`bjr ceèmncn`t pjsbtbj`s b` verbjus @evy e`k Knpertcn`t j Knn`sjrme`bzetbj`s, b`gfukb`m tan Wbxta Ofnnt, Knn`sn Ekve`gnk Ynsnerga Trjhngts Emn`gy (KEYTE), e`k tan Jgn j tan Wngrntery j tan @evy. Eonrntbrb`m rjc tan Knpertcn t j tan @evy b` 5221, Kr. ]abtce` snrvnk es tan sn`bjr nkbtjr j tan cemezb`n ^`knrsne ]erernjr snvnref yners.

H^@N 945?| 9;4 pp. | 1 x 54=1 | Abstjry @evef;1 i/w pajtjs | 7 ceps | 9 stmurns

Aerkgjvnr8 $;2.2>| BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-12=-1

9 [an ]jrfks Fnekb`m @evef e`k Cbf btery Tuif bsanr sb`gn 5121.



[AN IBM N[an Wtjry jo tan ^WW N`tnrprbsn, Bffustretnk NkbtbjÌy Nkwerk T. Wteffljrk. [bs anevbfy bffustretnk `nw nkbtbj` tnffs tan gfessbg tefn j tan wersabptaet gj`trbiutnk cjrn tae` e`y jtanr tj tan èvef vbgtjry emeb`st Hepe`.

[n .W. @evef B`stbtutn mretnuffy egl`jwfnkmns tan mn`nrjus stè`gbef suppjrt e`k b`vefu-eifn pert`nrsabp j tan eyfjr ecbfy e`k N`tnrprbsn Yn`t-E-Ger b` aj`jr j bts Oju`knr,Hegl eyfjr, e kngjretnk @evy stmatnr pbfjt waj nw jffl j tan ^WWN`tnrprbsnkurb`m ]jrfk]er BB. eyfjr stertnk abs gjcpe`y eonr tan wer, ècb`m bt jr tan ebrgreo gerrbnr b` wabgaan snrvnk. 792 i/w bcemns, 7? gjfjr bcemns, ; ceps, 5 gaert

Trebsn ojr tan Trnvbjus Nkbtbj`

Eonr rnekb`m Gjcce`knr Wteffljrks fjvb`mfy kntebfnk seme, yju cey wnff wj`knr8 ]ay kbk`ttany prnsnrvn tan Ibm N jr pjstnrbty, hust es tany kbk Jfk Brj`sbkns. Erbzjè Ynpuifbg

Anr ekcbrnrs wbff in mretnuf tj Gjcce`knr Wteffljrk jr prnsnrvb`m sj cuga j anr sjwnff. @nw Rjrl bcns

[n uìnfbnveifn gernnr j tan irevnst e`k cjst nfflngtbvn wersabp Ecnrbge nvnr iubft, nxgbt-b`mfy rngjrknk. Fbon

E` egtbj`-peglnk krece j fbvb`m cn` b` e sabp wbta e sjuf. We` Ore`gbsgj Nxecb`nr

945?| >;; pp. | 2 x 59Aerkgjvnr8 $=>.44BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-149-2

IE[[FNWABT CBWWJ^YBE` Bffustretnk Abstjry

Iy Teuf Wtbffwnff wbta krewb`ms iy Efe` I. Gansfny.TeuWtbffwnff aes gjcpbfnk wae

cust `jw ste`k es tan \^WWCbssjurb sS knb`btbvn abstjry.Ecnrbge` @nptu`n7=4 i/w pajtjs, 54 i/w fb`nkrewb`ms

[AN IE[[FNGY^BWNYACW AJJKE` Bffustretnk Ibjmrepay,525?52;5Iy Irugn eyfjr. Bffustretbj`s

iy [jces Wgacbk. Ynprnsn`t-b`m stvn yners j rnsnerga, [n

Iettfngrubsnr ACW Ajjk bsnesbfy tan cjst gjcprnan`sbvnijjl nvnr puifbsank j` tabsmrnet wersabp. 5=2 i/w & ;5gjfjr pajtjs

EW ]N YNGEFFYncb`bsgn`gns jo tan@evef Egekncy Gfessjo 52>9Nkbtnk iy _bgn Ekcbref Hecns

E. Wemnrajfc, ^W@ (Ynt.).[n strst ijjl j bts lb`kegjffngtbj` j rncb`bsgn`gns

wrbttn` iy cncinrs j tan^.W. @evef Egekncy gfess j52>9bs e tnstecn`t tj tan

vefun j e @evef Egekncynkugetbj`. 57 i/w pajtjs,? i/w bffustretbj`s

945>| 911 pp. | ? x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $72.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-122-9

945>| 9=9 pp. | 1 x 54Tepnriegl8 $;;.2>(^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5-1;179-9;1-?

945>| ;=9 pp. | 1 x 55Tepnriegl8 $?4.44BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-975-=

E@ ^@[ELN@ YJEKWtretnmy, [nga`jfjmy,e`k tan Abkkn` Abstjry joEcnrbges Cjibfn BGICs

Iy Wtnvn` E. Tjcnrjy. [n

strst abstjry j tan Ecnrb-ge` cjibfn b`tnrgj`tb`n`tefieffbstbg cbssbfn (BGIC), etnga`jfjmy tan ^`btnk Wtetnsspn`t jur kngekns e`k ibf-fbj`s j kjffers grnetb`m iut`nvnr knpfjynk. = i/w pajtjs,51 i/w bffustretbj`sWnrbns8 [re`sojrcb`m ]er

945?| 74; pp. | ? x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $;;.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-2=7-2

ECNYBGE WTYNEKWANY WEBFW^.W. Wnepjwnr b` tan52ta Gn`turyGjcpbfnk e`k nkbtnk iy Gfeytj`

Y. Ierrjw Hr. @nw b` pepnr-iegl, jurtnn` wrbtnrs sajwajw Ecnrbge` cn` e`k mjjkstrevnfnk tan sne b` Ecnrb-ge`-cekn sabps tj nxtn`k tangju`trys gjccnrgn, pjfbtbgefbùn`gn, e`k gufturn. 95 i/wbffustretbj`s, 7 fb`n krewb`ms,5 cep

945>| 9>? pp. | ? x 2Tepnriegl8 $92.2>BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-959-?


26/56; [an ]jrfks Fnekb`m @evef e`k Cbfbtery Tuifbsanr sb`gn 5121.

YNGN@[FRYNFNEWNKTÎ

FBGE[BJ@W

[AN IYB[BWAIE[[FNWABT524?52;?Iy @jrce` Orbnkce`.]bta u`bqun eibfbty tj recn tnga`jfjmbns wbtab` tan gj`tnxt jpjfbtbgs, ngj`jcbgs, e`k stretnmy, @jrce` Orbnkce` jfflnru`bqun b`sbmat b`tj tan knvnfjpcn`t j tan Yjyef @evygepbtef sabps. 7>4 bffustretbj`

IYB[BWA E@KGJCCJ@]NEF[A]EYWABT GECJÔFEMNJO ]]BB_jfucn 98 Iettfnsabps e`kEbrgreot Gerrbnrs

Iy Cefgjfc Mnjrmn ]rbmat.Cerbtbcn ertbst ]rbmat gj`-tbùns abs knpbgtbj`s j tanu`jbgbef peb`t sgancnstaet ekjr`nk tan gepbtef

sabps j tan Yjyef @evy e`kGjccj`wnefta. >9> gjfjrbffustretbj`s

945>| 5?4 pp. | = x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $?;.2>(^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-==>-?

945>| ;44 pp. | 2 x 55Aerkgjvnr8 $1>.44(^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5->255;->?9-9

[AN IYB[BWA GEYYBNYW[YBLN OFNN[Eotnr 52;>Iy Kevbk Ajiis.Kevbk Ajiisfjjls et tan pjst-]jrfk ]er

BB jrtu`ns j tan cjst pjw-nruf nnt b` tan Yjyef @evy.5?4 bffustretbj`s

OYNCE@[FNWWÎCEYB@NWAjw Effbnk Wuicerb`nrse`k ]nstnr` Eustrefbe`sAnfpnk tj ]b` tan ]er b`

tan TegbstgIy Cbgaenf Wturce. Ynfetnajw gjuremn, gjjpnretbjè`k gjccu`bty cekn Ornce`tfn ermueify tan cjssuggnssuf cbfbtery jutpjsj ]jrfk ]er BB rjc tanste`kpjb`t j trjjp cjrefn5= i/w pajtjs, 9 ceps

945>| ;14 pp. | ?1 x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $>2.2>(^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-?45-1

945>| 9;1 pp. | ? x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $79.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-1?4-9

NCIEWWR [J [ANNEW[NY@ GJ^Y[WEcnrbge's Wngrnt Obrst Tbvjt[jwerk Esbe, 51797=

Iy E`krnw G. E. Hecpjfnr.

Kjns e wj`knruf hji j gj`-vnyb`m tan tnxturn j tan jut-werk fjjlb m Ecnrbge` sjgbntyj tan nre j Heglsj`, jgqun-

vbffn, e`k Kerwb`'s kbsgjvnr-bns, e`k tan u`gnrteb` Gabètany cnt. Hecns Oeffjws,[n Etfe`tbg. ; i/w pajtjs,51 i/w bffustretbj`s, 2 ceps

945>| 9>? pp. | ?1 x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $;;.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-;5?-5

INOJYN [AN BYJ@GFEK]ersabp Knsbm` e`kKnvnfjpcn t, 515>51?4

Iy Kevbk L. Irjw`.Ijta eiefe`gnk eggju`t j mn`nrefknvnfjpcn`ts b` sabpiubfk-b`m e`k e` b`-knpta stukyj tan sabps tancsnfvns. 9>4bffustretbj`s

[AN IF^NHEGLN['WCE@ÊF, 9>[A NKB[BJ@Iy [jces H. Gutfnr. Ojr jvnre gn`tury, tabs vn`nreifn ijjlaes inn` e ce`ketjry pert jnvnry Webfjrs sne iem. Trbcer-bfy b`tn`knk tj snrvn Webfjrs(rjc snecn` tj ekcbrefs),tabs ijjl aes fj`m inn` usnkiy pjtn`tbef rngrubts, @evyiuffls, e`k gjffngtjrs. 1? i/w

pajtjs, 29 i/w bffustretbj`s

* Wajrt Kbsgju`t nxtijjl

[AN IYBKMN[J EBYTJ]NYFjmbstbgs Wuppjrt ojr YjyefOfyb`m Gjrps Jpnretbj`s j`tan ]nstnr` Orj`t, 525;51Iy Tntnr Kyn.Knsgrbins ajw tanknvnfjpcn`t j tan ebr wnepj`j` tan ]nstnr` Orj`t kurb`m

]]B gae`mnk tan wey taetrnsjurgns wnrn ncpfjynk tjnxpfjbt e tnga`jfjmbgef jppjr-

tu`bty. 5> i/w pajtjs, 5 cepWnrbns8 Abstjry joCbfbtery Evbetbj`

945>| 99; pp. | 2>1 x 551Aerkgjvnr8 $?2.2>(^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-?4>-?

945>| ?=9 pp. | ? x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $7;.2>*BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-2=;-?

945>| 74; pp. | ?1 x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $;;.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-172-1

E GJ@ONKNYE[N IBJMYETAR[an Grubsn jo tan GWW Wanè`kjeaIy Kwbmat Wturtnve`t Aumans.[bs bs e ibjmrepay j esabp e`k e grubsn, e`k e cbgrjgjsc j tan Gj`nknr-etn-Ecnrbge` nxpnrbn`gn. 5= i/w bffustretbj`s, 5 cep,7 sabp kbemrecs

945>| 9=9 pp. | ?1 x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $;5.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-1;5-5



OYN@GA KNW[YJRNYW[jrpbffnurs kNsgekrne`k Gj`trn-[jrpbffnurs,529952>?

Iy Hja` Hjrke` e`k Hne`Cjufb`.Intwnn` tan wjrfkwers, Ore`gn prjkugnk sjcnj tan fermnst e`k estnstknstrjynrs b` tan wjrfk, Gj`-trn-jrpbffnurs. [nsn supnr-knstrjynrs e`k tan cjrn gj`-

vn`tbjèf jrpbffnurs kNsgekrnern tan jgus j tabs ijjl. 514i/w pajtjs & fb`n krewb`ms

OYN@GA ]EYWABTWB@ [AN EMN JO WEBF,5=1?51?9Knsbm`, Gj`strugtbj`,Gernnrs e`k OetnsIy Yb ]b`stnfk e`k Wtnpan` W.Yjinrts.[bs ijjl gj`teb`s eèiu`ke`gn j b`jrcetbj` j`tan gj`strugtbj` e`k gernnrsj sjcn j tan cjst ekve`gnk,b``jvetbvn Orn`ga sabps j tan

emn. 944 bffustretbj`s

945>| 9;4 pp. | 2 x 55Aerkgjvnr8 $=2.2> (^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-1?1-1

945>| 7>9 pp. | 2 x 55Aerkgjvnr8 $=?.2> (^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-?92-9

OYJC [ANKEYKE@NFFNW [J JYE@Wtukbns jo tan Yjyef @evy b`]er e`k Tnegn 525>52;4Iy Ertaur H. Cerknr. B`trjkug-tbj` iy Ierry Mjuma.[bs gjf-fngtbj` j nsseys wes strst pui-fbsank b` 52=;, e`k tan egttaet bt rnceb`s rnfnve`t tjkeybs e tnstecn`t tj Cerknrs fnm-egy es ermueify tan mrnetnst

èvef abstjrbe` j tan twn`-tbnta gn`tury. 57 pfetns e`k> gaerts

945>| 794 pp. | > x 1Tepnriegl8 $79.2> (^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5->255;->1>-5

OYJC _NYWEBFFNW [JCNYW NF-LIBY[an Trjcbsn joE`mfj-Orn`ga @evefGjjpnretbj`, 5252;4

Iy Mnjrmn N. Cnftj`. @nwb`sbmats b`tj tan kbpfjcegyj j`n j tan cjst u`fblnfyrnfetbj`sabps b` tan twjkngekns injrn ]jrfk ]er BB 8tan effbe`gn j tan Yjyef @evy

e`k tan Orn`ga nnt. 5? i/wpajtjs, 9 ceps

945>| 911 pp. | ?1 x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $;9.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-1=2-;

O^NAYNY GJ@ONYN@GNWJ@ @E_EF EOOEBYW527252;>

Iy Hel Ceffce`` Wajwnff[bs gjffngtbj` j strst-ae`keggju`ts j Abtfnrs cnntb`mwbta abs @evy gjcce`knrs b`gabn bs nssn`tbef jr e`yj`nb`tnrnstnk b` ]jrfk ]er Bèvef abstjry. 94 i/w bcemne`k ceps

945>| ;14 pp. | ? x 2Tepnriegl8 $7;.2>(^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-4-=>42?-;71-1

A^@[NYW E@K LBFFNYW_jfucn 58 E`tb-Wuicerb`n ]eroern orjc5==? tj 52;7

Iy @jrce` Tjfcer e`k Nkwerk ]abtce`.[n strstgjcprnan`sbvn abstjry j eff espngts j E`tb-Wuicerb`n

]erern (EW]) rjc bts inmb``b`ms b` tan 51taGn`tury tarjuma tan bcpjrte`t rjfn j prnsn`t e`tb-suicerb`n systncs e`k jpnretbj`s. 75 i/w pajtjs,; ceps, 7 stmurns, ; teifns

945>| 99; pp. | 1 x 54=1Aerkgjvnr8 $;;.2>BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-?12-?

ACW _BG[JYRTJGLN[CE@ÊF 514>Ekcbref @nfsj`s ]ersabpet [reoefmerIy Tntnr Mjjkwb .[bs pjglnt

ceùef bs e gjcpfntn e`k gj`-gbsn mubkn tj j`n j tan wjrfkscjst ecjus wersabps, Ekcb-ref @nfsj`s uffy prnsnrvnkemsabp ACW _bgtjry. ?4 i/wbffustretbj`s

ACW TBGLFN[an Wwbotnst Wabp b`@nfsj`s [reoefmer Ofnnt

Iy Tntnr Ajrn. Ojrnwjrk iyE`krnw Fecinrt. Trjvbkns

e gjcpfntn abstjry j ACWTbglfn, rjc anr inmb``b`ms ese gbvbfbe` vnssnf geffnk Wtb`m,tarjuma anr 54-mu` gj`vnr-sbj` tj e wersabp, e`k tan`j` tj anr suisnqun`t kncbsnwan` san re` emrju`k b` 5141es san n`tnrnk Gekbz Aerijr.1 i/w & 1 gjfjr bffustretbj`s

945>| 529 pp. | > x 1Aerkgjvnr8 $7;.2> (^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-4-=>42?-;7>-=

945>| 591 pp. | > x =Aerkgjvnr8 $9;.2> (^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-9>7-2

MJK E@K WNE TJ]NY[an Bùn`gn jo Ynfbmbj`j` Efornk [aeynr CeaeÌy Wuze``n Mnbssfnr.[n strstwjrl tj nxecb`n b` e kntebfnk

e`k gj`tnxtuef wey ajw Cea-e`s ebta bùn`gnk abs vbnwsj` wer, pjfbtbgs, e`k jrnbm`rnfetbj`s. 5; i/w pajtjs

945>| 914 pp. | ?1 x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $72.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-1;7->


28/56



WNECE@WABT B@ [ANEMN JO WEBFE` Eggju`t jo Wabpae`kfb`mjo tan Webfb`m Ce`-J-]er,5?4451?4Iy Hja` Aerfe`k. Bffustretnkiy Cerl Cynrs, YWCE O/

EWCE. [n knst`btbvn ijjlj` ae`kfb`m squern-rbmmnksabps, Aerfe`k nxpfjrns tanabstjrbgef knvnfjpcn`t j

snece`sabp ecj`m tan wjrfkscehjr evbns. 7>4 i/w pajtjs& fb`n krewb`ms.

945?| 794 pp. | 54 x 59Aerkgjvnr8 $?2.2> (^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-4-1=495-2>>-2

WABTAE@KFB@MO^@KECN@[EFW OJYFB[[JYEF GJCIE[ WABTWE@K [AN @N] OYBME[NW

Iy Hjsnpa E. Memfbe`j. [nstrst eutajrbtetbvn ijjl j` tantanjry e`k pregtbgn j krbvb`m^.W. @evy wetnrhnt sabps,jrbmbèffy l`jw` es FbttjrefGjciet Wabps (FGW). 9 i/wpajtjs, ;> i/w bffustretbj`s

* Wajrt Kbsgju`t nxtijjl

945>| 911 pp. | ? x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $72.2>*BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-199-4

WABTW OJY EFF @E[BJ@WHja` Irjw` & Gjcpe`yGfyknie`l, 51;=52=5Iy Be` Hja`stj`.[n Gfykn-ie`l sabpyerk iubft sjcn jtan cjst ecjus vnssnfs b`cerbtbcn abstjry. Bts anrbtemnijests j mrnet tre`setfe`tbgfb`nrs fbln Fusbte`be, Uunn`

Cery, e`k UN9, es wnff esbgj`bg wersabps fbln tan iet-

tfngrubsnrAjjk, e`k Irbteb`sfest iettfnsabp, ACW _e`-muerk. ;44 i/w bffustretbj`s

945>| 71; pp. | 2 x 551Aerkgjvnr8 $=1.2> (^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5->255;->1;-;

WLR WABTWE Abstjry jo tan Ebrsabp b`tan ^`btnk Wtetns, 9>taE``bvnrsery Nkbtbj`

Iy ]bffbec O. Eftajffl. WlyWabps rnceb`s tan mjfk ste`-kerk j èvef ebrsabps. [jcGrjuga, sn`bjr guretjr, Enrj-èutbgs Knpertcn`t, @etbjèf

Ebr e`k Wpegn Cusnuc. 9;4i/w pajtjs, 9 i/w fb`n krew-

b`ms, 7 i/w ceps

945?| 77? pp. | 1 x 54=1Tepnriegl8 $>2.44BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-957-7

WJ^[A TEGBOBGGE^FKYJ@]jrfk ]er BBs MrnetOjrmjttn` Iettfnmrju`ks

Iy Efe` Yncs. Ewerk-wb``b`m eutajr Efe` Yncs irbffbe`tfy tnffs j tan gecpebm`b` tan Wjuta Tegbstg, e rnmbj`fj`m jvnrfjjlnk, jfflnrb`m ijtatan ibm pbgturn e`k tan jxajfn vbnw. Cbfbtery Jgnr

;9 i/w pajtjs , 5? ceps

945>| 759 pp. | ?1 x 2Tepnriegl8 $95.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-2;;-2

[^KJY ]EYWABTCEYR YJWNE Tajtjmrepabg ErgabvnIy Kjumfes CgNfvjmun. E nwsnfngtbj` b` tan Eètjcy j

tan Wabp snrbns, ukjr ]ersabpCery Yjsn bs e u`bqun b`sbmatb`tj tan ergabtngturn e`k gj`-strugtbj` j tan bgj`bg sabpj tan ukjr pnrbjk. ;4 i/wpajtjs, 944 i/w krewb`ms

945>| 5;; pp. | 2 x 2Tepnriegl8 $;>.2> (^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-515->

[AN [AYNNC^WLN[NNYW JO [ANEYCR EBY OJYGNWOrjc Abtfnr's OjrtrnssNurjpe tj Abrjsabce

e`k @emeselbIy Yjinrt J. Aerknr. YjinrtAerknr prjvbkns e rern b`sbknrsfjjl et tan I-5= pbfjt, ijc-ierkbnr, e`k èvbmetjr wajcFbncemezb`n geffnk tan tarnncuslntnnrs j tan Ercy EbrOjrgns. 74 i/w pajtjs

945>| 911 pp. | ?1 x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $72.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-249-2

W[YBLB@M [ANAJY@N[W @NW[@evef Evbetbj` e`k tanJrbmb`s jo WtretnmbgIjcib`m b` ]jrfk ]er B

Iy Mnjfflrny F. Yjsse`j e`k[jces ]bfknìnrm.Trjvbknstan brst nxtn`sbvn eèfysbsj tan @jrtanr` Ijcib`mMrjup, tan @evys cjst b``j-

vetbvn evbetbj` b`btbetbvn j]]B e`k j`n j tan wjrfksstrst knkbgetnk stretnmbg ijci-b`m prjmrecs. 74 i/w pajtjs

945>| 74; pp. | ? x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $;2.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-724-;

[JYGA@jrta Eorbge e`k tan Effbnk Teta tj _bgtjryIy _b`gn`t T. JAere.JAere prjvbkns e rnsa fjjl etJpnretbj` jrga, e snrbns j sbcufte`njus ecpabibjusfe`kb`ms, eukegbjus gjcce`kj e`k peretrjjp esseufts,e`k tan Etfe`tbgs ibmmnst èvef iettfn, jumat egrjss etwj tajuse`k cbfn spe` j gjestfb`n b` Orn`ga @jrtaErbge. 91 i/w pajtjs, 95 ceps

945>| 71; pp. | ?1 x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $;2.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-197-=



YNGN@[FRYNFNEWNKTIFBGE[BJ@W

]EYWABT 945>Nkbtnk iy Hja` Hjrke` wbtaWtnpan` Kn`t. [n 7=ta nkb-tbj` j tan e`ùef egekncbg

puifbgetbj` knvjtnk tj tan

knsbm`, knvnfjpcn`t, e`ksnrvbgn abstjry j tan wjrfksgjciet sabps. >4 i/w pajtjs,>4 fb`n krewb`ms

945>| 941 pp. | = x 54Aerkgjvnr8 $>2.2> (^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-?44-5

]EYWABTW EO[NY]EWAB@M[J@[an Knvnfjpcn`t jo tan ObvnCehjr Ofnnts, 52995274Iy Hja` Hjrke`.]ersabps Eonr

]esab`mtj` bs u`bqun b` btsgjvnremn j tan pjfbtbgef e`kstretnmbg ieglmrju`k j tan

]esab`mtj` rnety j 5299,prjvbkb`m spngbbg eèfysbsj ajw tan èvbns j Irbteb`,tan ^.W., Hepe`, Ore`gn, e`kBtefy rnspj`knk. 5=4 i/wbffustretbj`s

945>| 7>9 pp. | ?1 x 2Tepnriegl8 $7;.2> (^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5->255;->17-=

]ANYN RJ^[A E@KFE^MA[NY MJ]bta [an Guttb`m Nkmnb` Eomae`bsteÌy FtGjf Wnta ]. I. Ojfsjc

^WCG. E cestnrpbngn taekrews yju rjc tan strst pemnAnrn bs tan rew, u`b`gab`mtruta eff bè`try iettefbj`l`jw.Ib`m ]nst, gjcieCerb`n, essbste`t sngrnteryjo knon`sn, e`k eutajr jo[]rj`m ]ere`k J`n Cbffbj`Wtnps. 5> i/w pajtjs, 9 ceps

945>| 729 pp. | ?1 x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $7;.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-1=5-1

[AN ^.W. @E_EFB@W[B[^[N J@@E_EF B@@J_E[BJ@Nkbtnk iy Hja` N. Heglsj`.[bsn`try b`tj tan ]annf Ijjlsnrbns gj`sbknrs tan èturnj tnga`jfjmbgef b``jvetbj`b` tan ^.W. @evy, e`k bt kbs-gussns tan ce``nr b` wabgatan @evy bs gurrn`tfy ekjptb`m`nw tnga`jfjmbns fbln rjijtbg

e`k eutj`jcjus systncs,GRINY, e`k FEWNYW.Wnrbns8 ]annf Ijjls

945>| 99; pp. | > x 1Tepnriegl8 $95.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-1;2-=

^.W. @E_R ]EYWABTW &E^QBFBEYBNW B@GF^KB@M^.W. GJEW[ MÊYK[an Gjcpfntn Mubkn tj tanWabps & Ebrgreot jo tan OfnntIy Wtnvn Iusa. B` tabs pjglnt-sbznk rnnrn`gn ijjl jrme-`bznk b`tj sngtbj`s gjvnrb`mtan .W. @evy, Cbfbtery Wne-fbo Gjcce`k, e`k tan ^.W.Gjest Muerk, Wtnvn Iusa aes

treglnk tan knvnfjpcn`t j^.W. tnga`jfjmy e`k tegtbgs.5;7 gjfjr pajtjs

_NYR WTNGBEF WABTWEikbnf-Gfess OestCb`nfeynrs jo]jrfk ]er [wjIy Ertaur G. @bgajfsj`.[nstrst uff-fn`mta ijjl eijuttan Eikbnf-gfess est cb`n-feynrs, wabga wnrn gj`sbk-nrnk tan estnst e`k cjstvnrsetbfn tj snrvn b` tan Yjyef@evy kurb`m ]jrfk ]er BB.

594 i/w krewb`ms & pajtjs,9; gjfjr prjstfns

945>| 99; pp. | > x 1Tepnriegl8 $52.2> (^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5->255;-979-;

945>| 941 pp. | 1 x 54Aerkgjvnr8 $>>.2> (^WEG)BWI@8 2=1-5-1;179-97>-?

WRYN@W WJ@ME Gj``jr Wterl @jvnfIy Gfeukn Inruin. Cjvn jvnr, Hegl Yye`, Wyrn`s Wj`mbs e trncn`kjusfy n`hjyeifn tarbffnr e`k e rbvntb`m jvnfj evef ekvn`turn.Gaugl Toerrnr,@nw Rjrl bcnsinst-snffb`m eutajr joWNEF ermnt Mnrj`bcj

Ynekb`m Wyrn`'s Wj`mbs fbln rbkb`m e iuffnt. Bt telns jfflet supnrsj`bg spnnk e`k knfbvnrs stu``b`m jrgn.Hja`Mbfstrep, eutajr joEmeb`st Eff N`ncbns

945>| 95? pp. | ? x 2Aerkgjvnr8 $91.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-25>-2

]AN@ [AN CN@ MJ JOO [J ]EYTjncsIy _bgtjrbe Lnffy. ]an` tan Cn` Mj Jffl tj ]erbs esupnri b`trjkugtbj` tj e pjnt wn'ff in anerb`m e fjt rjces tbcn mjns iy.Kevbk Fnace`, nkbtjr, [n Jxojrk

Ijjl jo Ecnrbge` Tjntry

945>| 2? pp. | > x 1Aerkgjvnr8 $9=.2>BWI@8 2=1-5-?59>5-24;-7


31/56[j jrknr geff 5-144-977-1=?; jr mj

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