Topic: Ohio Native Americans

Social Studies Content Statements:

Various groups of people have lived in Ohio over time including prehistoric and historic American Indians – interaction among these groups have resulted in both cooperation and conflict.

Writing : I Can Statements

I Can Use Research to Help My Writing

• I can conduct short research projects to help me learn about topics. W.4.7

• I can research and use what I have experienced to gather information. W.4.8

• I can provide a list of sources that I used for gathering information. W.4.8

Answers to look for:

• What caused early people to cross over into North America?

• How did the people cross into North America?

• What is the definition of prehistoric and historic people?

• What prehistoric tribes settled in Ohio and when?

• What are Indian mounds and where are they located in Ohio?

Unit on Historic and Prehistoric American Indians

Student Responsibilities/Assignments

• Read through the PowerPoint slides.

• Write out underlined vocabulary words and meanings to study for quiz.

• At the end of each presentation student will complete summative assessment using slides.

• When the unit is completed, student will research one Ohio prehistoric or historic tribe using rubric. Choice of tribe will be done by student but approved by teacher.

• Research notes will be completed and submitted to teacher according to writing schedule given to student. Bibliography will also be required.

• From research, student will complete a book or PowerPoint, which will consist of written information and pictures of chosen tribe. Project will be submitted to teacher. (Book can be completed using Shutterfly.)

Vocabulary Words

• Please take notes on vocabulary words and given definitions throughout PowerPoint presentation. A quiz will be given on these words at the end of the unit.

Lesson 1 Ohio Pre-Historic

and Historic Native Americans

Vocabulary Words

** Prehistoric People – people who lived before written history (no written records).

** Historic People – people who lived after written history (we know how they lived by what was written down and documented).

Movement

One Theory:

• 40,000 years ago, in the

latter stages of the Ice Age, herds of roaming animals such as bison, mastodons and mammoths and small horses wandered back and forth crossing a land “bridge” called the Beringia, between Asia and North America.

** Theory - a general principle or set of principles that explains facts or events of the natural world.

** Beringia – the land bridge exposed and connecting Asia and North America during the Ice Age.

• Bands of people called nomadic people hunted these animals as a source of food and followed them into North America.

**Nomadic People:

People who move from

place to place to hunt

and gather food. They

do not settle in one

place.

Land bridge from Asia (Russia today) and North America (Alaska today) traveled by Early People.

Glaciers Melt

• Glaciers began to melt and the water level rose and covered the land bridge.

• Both the people and animals could not return to Asia. They continued their migration down into North America.

People migrated for many centuries moving about the Americas.

Archaeologists believe people reached what is now known as Ohio 15,000 years ago.

** Migrate – to move from one region to another region and settle in that region.

** Archaeologist – A scientist who studies past human life and cultures by the recovery and examination of remaining material.

Another Theory:

• The American Indians believe that they were always in the North and South Americas.

• The American Indians believe the prehistoric animals and people began in North America and they migrated from North America into Asia.

Timeline of Prehistoric Peoples

Fort Ancient People

• The Fort Ancient culture thrived in southern Ohio and northern Kentucky. Villages were made up of a number of circular or rectangular houses surrounding an open plaza. The Fort Ancient people continued to build small burial mounds, but gradually shifted to burials in a cemetery area with no mounds.

Serpent Mound

• Fort Ancient culture built Serpent Mound in Adams County, Ohio.

Hopewell People

• Around 200 B.C, the beginning of the Middle Woodland period, a new Native American culture developed that spread throughout the Midwest (then known as the Eastern Woodland) identified as Hopewell.

• The Hopewell people lived in rectangular homes with thatched roofs. The Hopewell communities hunted, gathered food, and farmed.

Prehistoric Indian Tribes Click on the link and watch the video

• http://westernreservepublicmedia.org/onestate/onestate101.htm

Evaluation

• Which two continents did Beringia connect?

• When do scientists believe the first inhabitants of North America arrived?

• What caused early people to cross the land bridge into North America?

• What caused the strip of land known as Beringia to disappear?

• When do scientists believe people first reached the area known today as Ohio?

• Which prehistoric animals crossed Beringia?

• Where do Native people believe their ancestors came from?

• Name three prehistoric tribes.