NATIVE AMERICAN NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURE IN S.C.CULTURE IN S.C.

SC Indians were part of the Woodland IndiansSC Indians were part of the Woodland Indians

They developed agriculture and potteryThey developed agriculture and pottery

They also huntedThey also hunted

They built semi-permanent villagesThey built semi-permanent villages

PeriodPeriod DateDate LivelihoodLivelihood Artifacts/Artifacts/

EventsEvents

Pre-projectile pointPre-projectile point 13,000-9,00013,000-9,000

B.C.B.C.

Big Game HuntingBig Game Hunting Scrappers/Scrappers/

ChoppersChoppers

Paleo-IndianPaleo-Indian 9,000-8,000 B.C.9,000-8,000 B.C. HuntingHunting Small stone toolsSmall stone tools

Spear pointsSpear points

ArchaicArchaic 8,000-1,000 B.C.8,000-1,000 B.C. Hunting and GatheringHunting and Gathering Thick bowlsThick bowls

Ground stone axes, Ground stone axes, bows/arrowsbows/arrows

WoodlandWoodland 1,000 B.C. – A. D. 1,000 B.C. – A. D. 1,1501,150

Hunting, Gathering Hunting, Gathering and Gardeningand Gardening

Small villagesSmall villages

Burial moundsBurial mounds

Small arrowheadsSmall arrowheads

Polished axesPolished axes

MississippianMississippian A.D. 1150 - 1550 A.D. 1150 - 1550 Hunting, Gathering, Hunting, Gathering, small farmingsmall farming

Large villagesLarge villages

Temple moundsTemple mounds

Axes/arrowheadsAxes/arrowheads

Decorated potteryDecorated pottery

HistoricHistoric A.D. 1500A.D. 1500 Hunting, Gathering, Hunting, Gathering, Farming, TradingFarming, Trading

Small villagesSmall villages

Decorated potteryDecorated pottery

Axes/arrowheadsAxes/arrowheads

(Spanish/french/(Spanish/french/

English settlers)English settlers)

CLANS AND FAMILYCLANS AND FAMILY

Clans named after animalsClans named after animals

Kinship came from the female side of the Kinship came from the female side of the familyfamily

GOVERNMENT / CHIEFSGOVERNMENT / CHIEFS

DECISIONS MADE BY CONSENSUS DECISIONS MADE BY CONSENSUS OF ALL ADULTS OF ALL ADULTS

WOMEN COULD BE CHIEFSWOMEN COULD BE CHIEFS SEPARATE CHIEFS FOR WAR AND SEPARATE CHIEFS FOR WAR AND

PEACEPEACE

ROLES OF MEN AND WOMENROLES OF MEN AND WOMEN

MEN – HUNTED, CLEARED LAND, MEN – HUNTED, CLEARED LAND, WENT TO WAR, TAUGHT THE BOYS WENT TO WAR, TAUGHT THE BOYS (fire was used to clear the land)(fire was used to clear the land)

WOMEN – PLANTED AND HARVESTED WOMEN – PLANTED AND HARVESTED THE CROPS, TRAINED THE GIRLSTHE CROPS, TRAINED THE GIRLS

RELIGIOUS BELIEFS

BELIEVED IN LIFE AFTER DEATH BELIEVED SPIRITS LIVED IN ALL THINGS THE GREAT SPIRIT WAS THE CREATOR

OF EVERYTHING SHAMAN – MEDICINE MAN WHO LED IN

WORSHIP

CROPSCROPS MAIZE (CORN) WAS THE PRIMARY MAIZE (CORN) WAS THE PRIMARY

CROPCROP

ALSO PLANTED SQUASH, BEANS, ALSO PLANTED SQUASH, BEANS, MELONS, PUMPKINS, TOMATOES AND MELONS, PUMPKINS, TOMATOES AND POTATOESPOTATOES

HUNTINGHUNTING

USED STONE ARROWHEADSUSED STONE ARROWHEADS DEER – THE PRIMARY ANIMAL THAT DEER – THE PRIMARY ANIMAL THAT

WAS HUNTED. THEY ALSO HUNTED WAS HUNTED. THEY ALSO HUNTED BEAR, TURKEY, BUFFALO AND OTHER BEAR, TURKEY, BUFFALO AND OTHER ANIMALSANIMALS

VILLAGES AND HOUSES VILLAGES WERE USUALLY BUILT ALONG RIVERS SC INDIANS LIVED IN WIGWAMS OR LONGHOUSES PALISADES WERE WALLS BUILT AROUND THE

VILLAGES FOR PROTECTION MOUNDS WERE CONSTRUCTED AS BURIAL OR

TEMPLE SITES