national institutes of health building 37 modernization katie l. mcgimpsey mechanical option the...

National Institutes of HealthBuilding 37 Modernization

Katie L. McGimpseyMechanical Option

The Pennsylvania State UniversityDepartment of Architectural

EngineeringSpring 2005 Thesis


NIH Building 37 ModernizationSpring 2005

The PennsylvaniaState University

Presentation Outline

• General Project Information

• Project Team• Existing Conditions• Redesign Goals• Mechanical

Redesign• Solar Analysis• Structural Analysis• Conclusions• Acknowledgements• Questions




General Project Information• Located in Bethesda, Maryland

on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) campus

• Began modernization phases in 1997

• $82.8 million




Project Team• Owners:

– National Institutes of Health (NIH) – National Cancer Institute (NCI)

• Architects: – FLAD & Associates, Inc.– Louviere, Stratton & Yokel (LSY)

• Engineers: – AEPA Architects & Engineers, P.C.– Affiliated Engineers, Inc. (MEP)– James Posey Associates, Inc. (Consulting

Engineers)– Aerosol Monitoring & Analysis (Environmental)– Rathgeber/Goss Associates (Structural)– JBG Engineers (Audiovisual)

• General Contractor: – Whiting Turner

• CM: – Smith Management Construction, Inc.




Existing Conditions

• Architectural Features– Two circulation towers– Four utility corridors

• Architectural Design– 21,889 m2 (235,613 ft2)– 6 stories above grade– Offices & laboratories– Mechanical penthouse




Existing Conditions

• Electrical/Lighting– Underground duct system from Bldg 36– Main distribution: 4000A, 480Y/277V, 3-phase, 4-wire– Transformers: (3) 2500kVA, 13.8kV to 480Y/277V, 3-

phase, 4-wire– Fluorescent light fixtures: RF suppression ballasts– Laboratory lighting density = 2.5 W/m2




Existing Conditions

• Structural– Steel column grid matrix– Pre-cast concrete panels– Pre-tensioned concrete floor

slabs

• Roof System– Concrete slab on metal roof

deck– Roof drains




Existing Conditions

• Mechanical– (8) 100% OA AHUs supplying to a zoned VAV system

• Approximately 28,000-29,000 L/s (59,000-61,000 cfm)

– (8) Fume exhaust fans 32,000 L/s (68,000 cfm)– District heating/cooling

• Chilled water: 6ºC, (3) constant speed tertiary pumps• Steam: 20,000 lbs/hr, 165 psi

• Fire Protection– Passive System

• Corridors: 1 hour fire rating• Independent risers for fume hoods

– Active System • Zoned automatic sprinkler system




Redesign Goals

• Mechanical– Energy Efficient – Decreased Cooling Load– Cost Savings– State-of-the-Art Laboratory and Research Facility

• Solar– Decrease Peak Electrical Load– Cost Efficient

• Structural– Support Additional Loads of New Equipment




Redesign Goals

• Mechanical Design Conditions

Outdoor Design Conditions

Cooling DBT ºC WBT ºC

34.3 24.1

Heating -10.3 N/A

Indoor Design Conditions

Cooling DBT ºC % RH

23 50

Heating 21 50




Mechanical Redesign

• Passive Desiccant Dehumidification – Energy Recovery– Cross-contamination concerns with fume hoods– Based on SEMCO model: EXCLU-SIEVE 3 Ǻ

molecular sieve desiccant coating




Mechanical Redesign

• SEMCO EXCLU-SIEVE TE3-70 Model

AHU Face Velocity

Pressure Loss

Effectiveness Unit Effectiveness

Cooling

Unit Effectiveness

Heating

Purge Volume

Chiller Reduction Capacity

Boiler Reduction Capacity

Fpm In. wg % Supply Return Supply Return cfm tons boiler hp

AHU-1 800 0.8 83.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 336.23 147.12

AHU-2 850 0.9 82.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 347.44 152.03

AHU-3 850 0.9 82.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 347.44 152.03

AHU-4 800 0.8 83.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 336.23 147.12

AHU-5 800 0.8 83.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 336.23 147.12

AHU-6 800 0.8 83.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 336.23 147.12

AHU-7 850 0.9 82.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 347.44 152.03

AHU-8 850 0.9 82.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 347.44 152.03




Mechanical Redesign

• Performance Data– Velocity: 900 fpm– Wheel efficiency: 76%– Pressure drop: 0.94 in. wg– Wheel model size: 70– Airflow rate: 29,900 L/s

(63,360 cfm)

• Unit Dimensions– Net weight: 4680 lbs– Flow area/side: 70.4 ft2

– Nominal airflow: 26,500 L/s (56,000 cfm)

A = 171.5 in

C = 89.4 in

B = 79.1 in

D = 84.3 in

W = 23.0 in




Mechanical RedesignAHU-# Equipment

First Cost ($)Installation

Cost ($)First Cost Savings

($)

Immediate Payback w/

Positive PCV ($)

Cooling Capacity Required

(tons)

Existing Cooling

Load (tons)

Heating Capacity Required

(MBH)

Existing Heating

Load (MBH)

AHU-1 45,000 22,500 60,362 233,838 161.59 178.6 1165 415.7

AHU-2 45,000 22,500 64,030 241,280 168.02 204 1217 105.8

AHU-3 45,000 22,500 64,030 241,280 168.02 175 1217 104.1

AHU-4 45,000 22,500 60,362 233,838 161.59 168.2 1165 87.1

AHU-5 45,000 22,500 60,362 233,838 161.59 167.8 1165 80.3

AHU-6 45,000 22,500 60,362 233,838 161.59 167.1 1165 72.4

AHU-7 45,000 22,500 64,030 241,280 168.02 167.4 1217 74.3

AHU-8 45,000 22,500 64,030 241,280 168.02 165.7 1217 80.9




Solar Analysis

• Photovoltaic (PV) Solar Cells– Converts solar radiation into electric power– Feasibility

• 4-5kWh/m2/day

– Peak Electric Load• 5,846,644 kWh

– BP Solar 4160 S• 62.7”x31.1”• 2480 modules• 512,216 kWh




Solar AnalysisPhotovoltaic Project Cumulative Cash FlowsNIH Building 37 Modern., Bethesda, Maryland

Renewable energy delivered (MWh/yr): 512.216 Total Initial Costs: $ 3,424,712 Net average GHG reduction (tCO2/yr): 241.47

IRR and ROI: 52.2% Year-to-positive cash flow: 2.1 yr Net Present Value: $ 8,150,422

Cu

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ash

Flo

ws (

$)

(5,000,000)

0

5,000,000

10,000,000

15,000,000

20,000,000

25,000,000

30,000,000

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Years

Total Initial Costs = $3,424,712

2.1 years




Structural Impact Analysis

• Increased Loading

Mechanical Equip. 4,680 lbs

PV Solar Modules 84,320 lbs

Total 121,760 lbs = 121.8 kips

• ASCE 7-98– Roof Live Load (Lr=20R1R2=16 psf)

– Reduction in Live Load

• LRFD– Member sizing (Columns and Composite Beams)




Structural Impact Analysis

1040 kips

833 kips

778 kips

623 kips

516 kips

413 kips

253 kips

203kips

Non-composite 1.3C24 with t=3.3” LW concrete slab

165N4k Joist Girder

16K2 Joists with 2 Rows Bridging

W12x26 Composite Beam

Composite 3VLI17 with t=6.5” NW concrete slabs

Column DesignRoof Design

Mechanical Floor Design




Conclusions

• Recommendations

Equipment First Cost ($)

Installation Cost ($)

First Cost Savings ($)

Immediate Payback w/ Positive PCV ($)

Cooling Capacity Required (tons)

Existing Cooling Load (tons)

Heating Capacity Required (MBH)

Existing Heating Load (MBH)

Total 360,000 180,000 497,568 1,900,472 1318.44 1393.8 9530 10206




Acknowledgements

• Special Thanks to…– The AE Department, Staff & Faculty– AEI sponsor: Michael Soong– LSY sponsors: James Louviere and Christine Ward– Smith Management sponsor: Randy Baer– Mechanical Professors, especially Dr. Jim Freihaut– My Family and Friends– AE Class of 2005




Questions

national institutes of health building 37 modernization katie l. mcgimpsey mechanical option the...

Documents

flad associates

affiliated engineers

fume hoodsactive system

aepa architects engineers

mepjames posey associates

zoned vav systemapproximately

cfm8 fume exhaust fans

whiting turnercm