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NIANP News & Views Vol. 1 | No. 1 | Jan. - Jun., 2012 In this issue Research Highlights Trainings Events Publications Awards/ recognitions Personnel Distinguished visitors Visits Abroad Seminar / Lecturers Forthcoming events Laboratory Profile Director’s Desk Indeed, it gives me immense pleasure to bring out the first online newsletter of the National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology. NIANP a premier institution was established under the aegis of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) on 24th November 1995. The mandate of the institute is to conduct basic and fundamental research in the field of Animal Nutrition and Physiology. Presently we are handling 48 research projects including 16 externally funded projects in frontier areas like molecular biology, nanotechnology, value addition, lignin biodegradation, climate change and reproductive biology to address the issue of enhancing livestock productivity and sustainability. With its state of the art infrastructure and well-conceptualized laboratories, the institute has made significant contribution in feeding and management and some of its technologies have reached the end-users bringing them economic prosperity and livelihood security. It shall be our endeavour to take NIANP to greater heights by our dedication and commitment and sharing an excellent research environment. Efforts would be to become a leading organization which is responsive, vibrant and sensitive to the needs of stakeholders. We are planning to conduct a scientist-industry interaction meet as well as an innovative farmer's meet in near future. The institute has entered into MoU with several foreign universities from USA, Japan, Germany and ILRI. The institute would facilitate need based research in ongoing and emerging areas of livestock and poultry sector particularly addressing its ‘flagship program’ on deconstruction of ligno- cellulosic biomas for increasing utilization of crop residues and the network projects on ‘Gut biogeography’ and ‘Nutrition-reproduction interaction’ through a multi-disciplinary team approach to achieve productivity increase, reduce gap between potential and actual yield and to prepare the country for the challenges ahead in the XII plan. National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology Adugodi, Bangalore-560030 Tel: 080-25711303, 25711304; Fax: 080-25711420. E mail: [email protected] Editorial board Dr. Letha Devi G. Dr. Pradeep Malik Dr. Anjumoni Mech Dr. A. Dhali Dr. Prakash Khandekar Published by Dr. C. S. Prasad Director, NIANP C.S. Prasad National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology

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Page 1: National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology NIANPnianp.res.in/static/docs/Newsletter_Jan-Jun_2012.pdf · Poultry Feeding garlic relieves stress and lowers egg lipid in poultry

NIANPNews & Views

Vol. 1 | No. 1 | Jan. - Jun., 2012

In this issueResearch Highlights

Trainings

Events

Publications

Awards/ recognitions

Personnel

Distinguished visitors

Visits Abroad

Seminar / Lecturers

Forthcoming events

Laboratory Profile

Director’s Desk

Indeed, it gives me immense pleasure to bring out the first

online newsletter of the National Institute of Animal

Nutrition and Physiology. NIANP a premier institution was

established under the aegis of Indian Council of

Agricultural Research (ICAR) on 24th November 1995. The

mandate of the institute is to conduct basic and

fundamental research in the field of Animal Nutrition and Physiology. Presently

we are handling 48 research projects including 16 externally funded projects in

frontier areas like molecular biology, nanotechnology, value addition, lignin

biodegradation, climate change and reproductive biology to address the issue of

enhancing livestock productivity and sustainability. With its state of the art

infrastructure and well-conceptualized laboratories, the institute has made

significant contribution in feeding and management and some of its

technologies have reached the end-users bringing them economic prosperity

and livelihood security. It shall be our endeavour to take NIANP to greater

heights by our dedication and commitment and sharing an excellent research

environment. Efforts would be to become a leading organization which is

responsive, vibrant and sensitive to the needs of stakeholders. We are planning

to conduct a scientist-industry interaction meet as well as an innovative farmer's

meet in near future. The institute has entered into MoU with several foreign

universities from USA, Japan, Germany and ILRI. The institute would facilitate

need based research in ongoing and emerging areas of livestock and poultry

sector particularly addressing its ‘flagship program’ on deconstruction of ligno-

cellulosic biomas for increasing utilization of crop residues and the network

projects on ‘Gut biogeography’ and ‘Nutrition-reproduction interaction’ through

a multi-disciplinary team approach to achieve productivity increase, reduce gap

between potential and actual yield and to prepare the country for the challenges

ahead in the XII plan.

National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology Adugodi, Bangalore-560030

Tel: 080-25711303, 25711304; Fax: 080-25711420. E mail: [email protected]

Editorial board

Dr. Letha Devi G.Dr. Pradeep MalikDr. Anjumoni MechDr. A. DhaliDr. Prakash Khandekar

Published by

Dr. C. S. Prasad Director, NIANP C.S. Prasad

National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology

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Areca Sheath as a substitute to paddy Evaluating feeds for methane production

straw in cattle feed potential

Agricultural byproducts as a potential Organic chromium as a feed supplement in

source of Xylooigosaccharideslayer chicken

The project was taken up under Rural Innovation Fund (RIF) of Evaluation of different feeds for its methane production

NABARD. The nutrient composition of areca sheath was found potential (MPP) (ml/100g truly digested substrate) has shown to be superior as compared to paddy straw in terms of TDN that among the different feeds tested, rice polish has the lowest (>49%) and mineral contents (S, Cu and Co). Further (1.96) and Jowar Kadbi has the highest (12.04) MPP. The antinutritional factors like lignin (<3%) and silica (<4%) were proportion of methane in fermentation gas for concentrates is found comparatively low in areca sheath. The dried areca

20 - 29% while the proportion was considerably low for straw sheath was used to compose total mixed ration (TMR) to

and stovers. The MPP for cakes/concentrate has been found to support milk production. The suitability of this novel TMR was

vary between 1.03- 7.80 with the lowest and highest recorded validated successfully in dairy cattle in Panaje near Puttur taluk, for KumKum cake and homemade compound feed respectively. Dakshina Kannada. The farmers are satisfied with the

performance of this TMR and could achieve a net saving of 50%

(Rs.14/cow/d) i.e. the cost of dry fodder. About 20 tons of areca

sheath has been processed in Panaje and the technology is

becoming popular in nearby areca growing areas.

Nutraceuticals (prebiotics xylooligosaccharides) have been

produced successfully from agricultural byproducts like gram

straw, soyabean hulls, tur straw, sugarcane bagasse, ragi straw,

corn cobs and corn husks. Attempts have been made to achieve

maximum yield of xylan from lignocellulosic biomass of natural

grass, followed by enzymatic production of xylo-

oligosaccharides (XOS). The yield of XOS could be maximized

through enzymatic hydrolysation. Supplementation of XOS

(0.5%) for three weeks could lower blood glucose and

cholesterol level in broiler chicken. Simultaneously favourable

gut microflora profile was observed in the treated birds.

Chromium is a recently identified ameliorative nutrient

for treating thermal and vaccination stress. Organic

chromium may be considered as a good substitute as the

bioavailability of inorganic chromium is less. Chromium

chloride has been used to enrich the chromium content in

yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Chromium

uptake (154 to 226 mg /kg of yeast) has been found to

increase in the culture as incubation time prolonged. In

addition, Azolla has also been enriched by the addition of

discreet levels of Chromium chloride. The results indicate

that 12.5 ppm level of chromium chloride is optimum for

the production of chromium enriched Azolla. The feeding

trials at field have revealed that 400 ppb organic

chromium is optimum for improving egg production in

stressed layer birds.

Xylan Xylooligosaccharides

2 Vol. 1 | No. 1 | Jan. - Jun., 2012NIANP News & Views

Research Highlights

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Antioxidant mechanisms of buffalo oviduct Different wave lengths of light affect on

and endometrium during estrous cycle hypothalamic factors and reproduction in

Poultry

Feeding garlic relieves stress and lowers

egg lipid in poultry layers

Nutrition-endocrine interaction at onset of

puberty in buffaloes

The profile of antioxidant enzymes in oviduct and

endometrium during different stages of estrous cycle and The relationship between the different wavelengths of early pregnancy has been established in buffalo. The light on GnRH, LH frequency, gonadal hormones and egg antioxidant enzymes namely Copper-zinc superoxide production has been studied in commercial layer birds dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD), Catalase (CAT) and two isoforms during late laying stage (16-72 weeks). The birds were of glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX-1) have been detected exposed to light of three different wavelengths, in buffalo uterine and oviduct luminal fluid and tissues. A incandescent light (450nm), red spectrum (650nm) or new isoform of glutathione peroxidase GPx- 8 that is blue spectrum (475nm). The egg production has been different from that found in cattle has been discovered in found to be significantly higher in the birds exposed to red buffalo. The two major antioxidant enzymes Catalase and spectrum (8%) followed by blue spectrum (4%) compared Cu-Zn SOD have been found significantly higher during to that in the birds exposed to incandescent light. The mid-luteal stage and early pregnancy. It has been GnRH concentration fluctuated between 6.19 to 9.14 established for the first time that buffalo endometrium pg/ml in the birds exposed to red spectrum. In contrast, undergoes dynamic tissue remodeling during estrus cycle the concentration fluctuated between 3.44 to 3.91 pg/ml and early pregnancy. in other experimental groups. The expression of GnRH

mRNA in hypothalamus was higher in the birds exposed to

red spectrum compared to that exposed to incandescent

light.

Feeding of garlic to layer chickens could reduce stress by

boosting the antioxidant enzyme status. An increase in 2%

hen day egg production has been observed by feeding

garlic to layers from 16 to 72 weeks. The feeding has also Efforts have been made to address the problem of

increased the productive age of layer hens beyond 72 delayed puberty in female buffaloes through nutritional-

weeks by minimizing the production stress mediated endocrine interaction approach. It has been found that

through uric acid, SOD and glutathione peroxidise and supplementation of 20% additional energy above ICAR

catalase at ovarian level. Simultaneously garlic feeding feeding standard accelerates the age of puberty in female

has also lowered the level of cholesterol (10%) and buffaloes by two months. Ultrasonographic examination

triglyceride (23%) in eggs.has revealed higher follicular activity in terms of number

and size in these experimental animals. This may be

attributed to better and earlier LH secretory response of

the hypothalamus–pituitary axis to GnRH challenge.

However no difference in leptin levels between groups

has been observed.

Variation in antioxidant Cu-Zn SOD activity during different stages of

estrous cycle and early pregnancy in buffalo (S: serum; O: uterine luminal

fluid; A: early luteal stage; B: mid luteal stage; C: late luteal stage; D:

follicular stage; P: early pregnancy; F: follicular fluid

Ultrasound images depicting follicular growth in buffalo calves

approaching puberty

G I: Normal Diet G II: 20% Higher energy G III: 20% Less energy

Aloka SSD 500; 5MHz Linear rectal probe

Follicle hierarchy in

experimental and

control group

(72nd week)

3 Vol. 1 | No. 1 | Jan. - Jun., 2012NIANP News & Views

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Effect of Azolla feeding on reproductive Livelihood security of rural poor in

efficiency in buffalo heifers disadvantaged Chitradurga district of

Karnataka through integrated farming

systems approach

Value chain on commercialization of maize

products

Detoxified neem seed cake can substitute

part of soybean meal for lambs

Feeding of Azolla as a protein source (5%) for 21 weeks has

shown improvement in follicular growth, development

and maturation in buffalo heifers. The number of medium Fodder trees like Sesbania and Melia have been

(3-8 mm) and large (>8mm) follicles has been recorded popularized in the villages in Chitradurga. Improved

through ultrasonography. During one month preceding variety of birds for backyard poultry has been distributed

azolla feeding, the respective numbers of medium sized as income generation activity. Breed improvement

follicle in control and treatment group were 1.42±0.14 programme for sheep and goat has been introduced.

and 1.28±0.15, whereas the average numbers of large Local breeds of cattle and buffalo have been improved

follicle were 0.12±0.04 and 0.43±0.07 respectively. The through artificial insemination. Farmers have been

low breeding seasonal effect on the occurrence of estrus encouraged for chaffing fodders for better utilization.

has been alleviated by feeding Azolla that has been Various technologies like complete feed, mineral mixture

evident from progesterone profile.and TMR using locally available feed ingredients have

been promoted.

The investigation has

revealed that spent

grounded maize cobs can

be used to replace ragi

straw in the ration of

sheep without adversely

affecting nutrient intake

and digestibility. The bulk

density of maize cob and maize cob based diets can be

increased to 3 to 9 folds by making blocks for easy storage

and transportation.

Detoxified neem seed cake has been incorporated in the

ration of growing lambs to replace soybean cake partially.

The cake has been produced from neem seeds after

dehulling and defatting the ground neem kernels. The

detoxified neem cake contains 50% CP with a good amino

acid composition. The detoxified neem seed cake can be

incorporated up to the level of 11% in the concentrate

mixture of growing lamb.

Training (3 days) has been imparted to Dr. Alley and

Dr. Shyama, Associate professors, KAU, Mannuthy, on

in vitro gas production test and methane estimation using

gas chromatograph.

Workshop has been organized on Livestock health,

feeding and management in Hosadurga cluster,

Chitradurga district under NAIP Livelihood project

Professional attachment training (3 months) for ARS has

been imparted to Dr. B. Sajjanar, Scientist (Biotechnology-

AS), NIASM, Baramati, in the area of heat stress and heat

shock proteins

4 Vol. 1 | No. 1 | Jan. - Jun., 2012NIANP News & Views

Trainings

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Events

XVIth IRC meeting held on 18 Jun 2012

RAC meeting held on 05 May 2012

World veterinary day celebrated on 28 Apr 2012 Innovative and progressive farmers meet held on 15 Feb 2012

NIANP technologies meeting held on 06 Jun 2012

Publications

5 Vol. 1 | No. 1 | Jan. - Jun., 2012NIANP News & Views

Release of Sheep and Goat mineral mixtures

during regional committee meeting at Coimbatore

on 25th June 2012

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6 Vol. 1 | No. 1 | Jan. - Jun., 2012NIANP News & Views

Award / Recognitions

Ÿ Dr. R. Bhatta and Dr. R.U. Suganthi have

been conferred the Fellow of the Society for

Applied Biotechnology

Ÿ Dr. S. Nandi has been selected as an Associate of

the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Ÿ Dr. S. Selavaraju has received the DBT-CREST

fellowship for postdoctoral research and training

Ÿ Dr. S. Mondal has received the best abstract and rdbest poster presentation award at the 23 Annual

Conference of Physiological Society of India

ndŸ Mr. N. Raghavan has received the 2 prize in Hindi

Crossword and written quiz competitions

organized by TOLIC, Bangalore

Personnel

Dr. C. S. Prasad (former Vice Chancellor, MAFSU) has

joined as Director of the institute

Dr. P. Malik has joined as Senior Scientist (Animal

Nutrition)

Dr. N. M. Soren has joined as Senior Scientist (Animal

Nutrition)

Dr. V. Seijan joined as Senior Scientist (Animal

Physiology)

Mr. B. Riyaz Ahmed has joined as Administrative

Officer

Dr. V.B. Awachat has joined as Veterinary officer, T-6

(F/FT)

Ms. Mridula has joined as Assistant

Dr. K. P. Suresh, Senior Scientist (Biostatistics) has

been transferred to PDADMAS, Bangalore

Dr. Vijay Kumar, Scientist (Animal Physiology) has

been transferred to NRC Equines, Bikaner

Mr. Raja Ram, AF & AO, has been transferred to

PDFMD, Mukteswar

Dr. K. T. Sampath (Director) and Mr. Shivshankar

(Assistant) have superanuated

Distinguished Visitors

Dr. Vivek Fellner, Dr. Kelly Zering and Dr. Paul Bergy from North Carolina University, USA visited NIANP on 16/03/2012

Dr Sandeep Shastri, Dr Sudha Deshmukh, Dean, Jain University, Bangalore, visited NIANP for

discussing the MoU for Doctoral program

Pro Vice-chancellor and

Dr. S.K. Bandopadhyay, Member, ASRB interacting with scientists

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7 Vol. 1 | No. 1 | Jan. - Jun., 2012NIANP News & Views

Visits abroad

Dr. Vijay Kumar attended 3-month training under NAIP, in the field of Biomolecules (Animal Science) at the University of

Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy

TopicDelivered by Date

20/04/ 2012

13 /01/ 2012

13/ 01/ 2012Dr. Ashis Kumar SamantaSenior Scientist, NIANP

Nutraceuticals

Dr. Raghavendra BhattaSenior Scientist, NIANP

Strategies for methane reduction from livestock

Dr. Utpal S. Tatu, Professor, Division of Biochemistry, IISc

Use of proteomics in Animal science research

Seminars/ lectures

Forthcoming eventsScientist –Industry interaction meeting 1 day 20 July 2012

National Training on “Assessment of microbial diversity by Next Generation Sequencing(NGS) for taxonomic and metabolic reconstruction of gut microbes.”

14 days 22 August to September, 20124

Hindi Saptah 7 days 14 –21 September 2012

VIII Mid-term Institute Research Committee meeting -2012-13 2 days October-November 2012

PMC meeting 1 day 18 2012September

SAPI Physiology quiz for Vet. Students- South Zone Round and seminar 1 day 29 2012September

IMC meeting 1 day December 2012

Winter School on “Advances in Functional Genomic Concepts and Techniques for Quality Ruminant and Poultry Production.”

21 days 26 September-16 October 2012

Agricultural Education Day 1 day December 2012

Institute Foundation Day 1 day 24 November 2012

Innovative and Progressive Farmers meet 1 day December 2012

Model Training Course on “Feed Resources Management for Sustainable Milk Production”. (Sponsored by Directorate of Extension, MOA)

8 days 10-17 2012December

Laboratory ProfileFeed quality and safety laboratory

The erstwhile Nutrition laboratory of SRS-NDRI was transferred with manpower and became the “General Feed Analysis Laboratory” of Animal Nutrition division of the Institute. During early days, the activities of the laboratory were mainly catering to the analysis of feed quality using conventional techniques. Over the years, the analytical capability of the laboratory has been strengthened with automated state of the art equipments and renamed as the “Feed quality and safety laboratory”. Currently, the facilitates available in the lab are moisture analyzer, rapid fat analyzer, semi-automatic nitrogen analyzer, rapid fiber analyzer, microwave muffle furnace for rapid and precise estimation of various proximate principles. Further, with the growing research needs in the area of feed quality control and safety, newer facilities have been created which include feed microscopy, gas chromatography, UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, refrigerated centrifuge, ultrapure water purification system, etc.

The laboratory offers analytical services to various ongoing in-house projects and outside agencies like milk federations, commercial firms, research/ academic institutes, farmers, military farms, state department of animal husbandry etc. Further, issues related to feed quality from external agencies like Food Corporation of India, Milk Federation, Excise Department, government and private firms, feed industry are being referred to the laboratory for expert opinion.

Page 8: National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology NIANPnianp.res.in/static/docs/Newsletter_Jan-Jun_2012.pdf · Poultry Feeding garlic relieves stress and lowers egg lipid in poultry

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8 Vol. 1 | No. 1 | Jan. - Jun., 2012NIANP News & Views

zÉÉåkÉ mÉëMüÉzÉ

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9 Vol. 1 | No. 1 | Jan. - Jun., 2012NIANP News & Views

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10 Vol. 1 | No. 1 | Jan. - Jun., 2012NIANP News & Views

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11 Vol. 1 | No. 1 | Jan. - Jun., 2012NIANP News & Views

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12 Vol. 1 | No. 1 | Jan. - Jun., 2012NIANP News & Views

National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology Adugodi, Bangalore - 560030

Tel: 080-25711303, 25711304; Fax: 080-25711420.

E mail: [email protected]

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