National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

Motorcycle Safety Program

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

Motorcycle Safety ProgramMotorcycle Safety Program

Diane WigleChief, Safety Countermeasures Division

Diane WigleChief, Safety Countermeasures Division

Motorcycle Safety Trends

Motorcycle Safety Trends

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

Fatalities

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

Sales

01000000200000030000004000000500000060000007000000

1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

Registrations

2007 Data Shows…2007 Data Shows…Motorcyclist fatalities increased for the 10th year in a rowAccounted for 12.6% of total traffic

fatalitiesHighest number since 1975

Previous highest in 1980 - 5,144Over the last ten years

fatalities increased 125%Registration increased by 84%VMT increased by 32%

Motorcyclist fatalities increased for the 10th year in a rowAccounted for 12.6% of total traffic

fatalitiesHighest number since 1975

Previous highest in 1980 - 5,144Over the last ten years

fatalities increased 125%Registration increased by 84%VMT increased by 32%

Proportion of Total Fatalities, by Role and Year

Proportion of Total Fatalities, Proportion of Total Fatalities, by Role and Yearby Role and Year

94.5%

5.5%

Other Fatalities* Motorcyclist Fatalities

12.6%

87.4%

20071998

* Passenger Vehicle Occupants, Other occupants and Nonoccupants

Motorcyclist fatalities Motorcyclist fatalities increasedincreased to to 12.6%12.6% of all motor of all motor vehicle traffic crash fatalities compared to vehicle traffic crash fatalities compared to 5.5%5.5% in 1998in 1998

Source: FARS

Where the Increases areWhere the Increases are

10-Year Trend by Age Group Shows– 71-percent increase in under-30 group– 70-percent increase in 30-39 age

group – 234-percent increase in 40+ age group

380-percent increase in 50+ age group

10-Year Trend by Age Group Shows– 71-percent increase in under-30 group– 70-percent increase in 30-39 age

group– 234-percent increase in 40+ age group

380-percent increase in 50+ age group

Motorcyclist Fatalities by Day of Week

Motorcyclist Fatalities by Day of Week

Weekday = 6 a.m. Monday through 5:59 p.m. FridayWeekend = 6 p.m. Friday through 5:59 a.m. Monday

2,5642,576

14

Weekday Weekend Unknown

Based on the number of hours, there were nearly twice as many motorcyclist fatalities during weekends than during weekdays (19.8 vs. 11.0)

Source: 2007 FARS

Motorcycle Operators Licensing

Motorcycle Operators Motorcycle Operators LicensingLicensing

• One out of four motorcycle riders (26%) One out of four motorcycle riders (26%) involved in fatal crashes had an invalid involved in fatal crashes had an invalid license.license.

•• Motorcycle riders involved in fatal traffic Motorcycle riders involved in fatal traffic crashes were 1.3 times more likely than crashes were 1.3 times more likely than passenger vehicle drivers to have a passenger vehicle drivers to have a previous license suspension or previous license suspension or revocation(18% and 14%).revocation(18% and 14%).

Source: 2007 FARS

Motorcycle Operators Alcohol

Motorcycle Operators Alcohol

• Twenty-eight percent of all fatally injured motorcycle riders were alcohol impaired (BAC of .08 or higher).

• The percentage with BAC .08 g/dl or above was highest for fatally injured motorcycle riders among two age groups, 45-49 (41%) and 40-44 (37%) followed by ages 35-39 (35%).

• Twenty-eight percent of all fatally injured motorcycle riders were alcohol impaired (BAC of .08 or higher).

• The percentage with BAC .08 g/dl or above was highest for fatally injured motorcycle riders among two age groups, 45-49 (41%) and 40-44 (37%) followed by ages 35-39 (35%).

Motorcycle Operators Alcohol

Motorcycle Operators Alcohol

• Forty-one percent of the 2,182 motorcycle riders who died in single- vehicle crashes in 2007 had BAC levels of .08 g/dL or higher.

• Motorcycle riders killed in traffic crashes at night were nearly 4 times more likely to have BAC levels of .08 g/dL or higher than those killed during the day (44% and 12% respectively).

• Forty-one percent of the 2,182 motorcycle riders who died in single- vehicle crashes in 2007 had BAC levels of .08 g/dL or higher.

• Motorcycle riders killed in traffic crashes at night were nearly 4 times more likely to have BAC levels of .08 g/dL or higher than those killed during the day (44% and 12% respectively).

Motorcycle Operators Single Vehicle vs. Multi-Vehicle

Crashes

Motorcycle Operators Single Vehicle vs. Multi-Vehicle

CrashesAbout 45 percent of fatal motorcycle crashes were single vehicle crashes versus 55 percent multi-vehicle crashes.

In three-fourths of the multi-vehicle crashes the motorcycle was the striking vehicle.

Eighty-six percent of two vehicle fatal motorcycle crashes were with passenger vehicles

About 45 percent of fatal motorcycle crashes were single vehicle crashes versus 55 percent multi-vehicle crashes.

In three-fourths of the multi-vehicle crashes the motorcycle was the striking vehicle.

Eighty-six percent of two vehicle fatal motorcycle crashes were with passenger vehicles

In 2007, 57 percent of the fatally injured motorcyclists used helmets.

About two-thirds (63%) of the fatally injured motorcyclists were not wearing helmets in States without universal helmet laws compared to 14% in States with universal helmet laws.

Helmets are estimated to be 37% effective in preventing fatal injuries to motorcyclists. 800 additional lives would have been saved in 2007 if all motorcyclists had worn helmets.

In 2007, 57 percent of the fatally injured motorcyclists used helmets.

About two-thirds (63%) of the fatally injured motorcyclists were not wearing helmets in States without universal helmet laws compared to 14% in States with universal helmet laws.

Helmets are estimated to be 37% effective in preventing fatal injuries to motorcyclists. 800 additional lives would have been saved in 2007 if all motorcyclists had worn helmets.

Motorcycle Operators Helmets

Motorcycle Operators Helmets

3.63 4.94 4.68 4.87 4.25 3.76 3.54 4.69 4.6 4.580

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 20070

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

Fatality Rate Fatalities Registered Motorcyclists

Michigan - Fatalities Registered Motorcycles, Rate

Michigan - Fatalities Registered Motorcycles, Rate

Source: FARS 1998-2006 (Final) & 2007 (ARF)

Michigan Fatalities – Alcohol (percent)

Michigan Fatalities – Alcohol (percent)

5953

6267

64 6265 64 65

72

9 10 104

8 7 59 7 6

3337

28 29 2832 30 28 28

22

4147

3833

36 3835 36 35

28

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

BAC 00 BAC .01 - .07 BAC .08+ BAC .01+

Source: FARS 1998-2006 (Final) & 2007 (ARF)

Michigan Fatalities – Helmeted Riders (percent)

Michigan Fatalities – Helmeted Riders (percent)

7571 73

69

8278

88

73

83 80

16 17 1721

13 127

1811 9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Helmeted Not Helmeted Unknown

Source: FARS 1998-2006 (Final) & 2007 (ARF)

Michigan Fatalities – Licensed (percent)

Michigan Fatalities – Licensed (percent)

4853 56

62 65 6771

7771

44 44

35 33 3326 23

29

68

32

52

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Licensed Improperly Licensed Unknown

Source: FARS 1998-2006 (Final) & 2007 (ARF)

Comprehensive Motorcycle Safety Program Elements

Comprehensive Motorcycle Safety Program Elements

Helmets and Protective GearRiding UnimpairedProper LicensingRider TrainingMotorists Awareness

Helmets and Protective GearRiding UnimpairedProper LicensingRider TrainingMotorists Awareness

Who Has A RoleWho Has A Role

Riders and Rider GroupsManufacturersLaw EnforcementLicensing Government Insurance Public Health

Riders and Rider GroupsManufacturersLaw EnforcementLicensing Government Insurance Public Health

National Agenda for Motorcycle Safety (NAMS)

National Agenda for Motorcycle Safety (NAMS)

Published in November 2000.Created by stakeholders in the motorcycle community through support of NHTSA and MSFContains 82 recommendations covering components of a comprehensive motorcycle safety program

Published in November 2000.Created by stakeholders in the motorcycle community through support of NHTSA and MSFContains 82 recommendations covering components of a comprehensive motorcycle safety program

NAMS Implementation GuideNAMS Implementation Guide

NHTSA published the Implementation Guide for the National Agenda for Motorcycle Safety in January 2007Assist State and community organizations to improve motorcycle safety by implementing NAMS recommendations

NHTSA published the Implementation Guide for the National Agenda for Motorcycle Safety in January 2007Assist State and community organizations to improve motorcycle safety by implementing NAMS recommendations

NAMS Implementation GuideNAMS Implementation Guide

The Implementation Guide’s primary audience includes:

State Highway Safety OfficesState Licensing and Training AgenciesLaw Enforcement AgenciesMotorcyclist Organizations and ClubsMotorcycle Dealers and Dealer OrganizationsIndividual/Independent Motorcyclists

The Implementation Guide’s primary audience includes:

State Highway Safety OfficesState Licensing and Training AgenciesLaw Enforcement AgenciesMotorcyclist Organizations and ClubsMotorcycle Dealers and Dealer OrganizationsIndividual/Independent Motorcyclists

NAMS Implementation GuideNAMS Implementation Guide

The Implementation Guide addresses major NAMS recommendations that can be implemented at State or local level.

Alcohol and Other DrugsPersonal Protective EquipmentMotorcycle Operator Training and EducationOperator LicensingMotorist EducationHighway and EnvironmentProgram Management

The Implementation Guide addresses major NAMS recommendations that can be implemented at State or local level.

Alcohol and Other DrugsPersonal Protective EquipmentMotorcycle Operator Training and EducationOperator LicensingMotorist EducationHighway and EnvironmentProgram Management

NHTSA Comprehensive Motorcycle Safety Program

NHTSA Comprehensive Motorcycle Safety Program

HelmetsHelmets

On October 2, 2008, NHTSA published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) to amend Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 218, Motorcycle Helmets.The purpose of the NPRM is to upgrade the labeling requirements for helmets and revise testing requirements.There was a 60-day public comment period that ended December 1, 2008.The NPRM can be found online at www.regulations.gov by searching for the following: NHTSA-2008-0157

On October 2, 2008, NHTSA published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) to amend Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 218, Motorcycle Helmets.The purpose of the NPRM is to upgrade the labeling requirements for helmets and revise testing requirements.There was a 60-day public comment period that ended December 1, 2008.The NPRM can be found online at www.regulations.gov by searching for the following: NHTSA-2008-0157

Motorcycle HelmetsMotorcycle Helmets

Studied effect of repeal and enactment of State universal helmet use laws

LouisianaFloridaArkansasTexas

Studied effect of repeal and enactment of State universal helmet use laws

LouisianaFloridaArkansasTexas

HelmetCheck.orgHelmetCheck.org

HELMETCHECK.ORGHELMETCHECK.ORG

Impaired RidingImpaired Riding

Focus GroupsDWI Detection CuesDrunk Driving Over the Limit. Under Arrest. Impaired Riding PlannerRiders Helping Riders Training ProgramGreen-Yellow-Red CampaignNSA Grants

Focus GroupsDWI Detection CuesDrunk Driving Over the Limit. Under Arrest. Impaired Riding PlannerRiders Helping Riders Training ProgramGreen-Yellow-Red CampaignNSA Grants

LicensingLicensing

Guidelines for Motorcycle Operator Licensing

Revise the Motorcycle Operator Manual(MOM) and Knowledge Test Question Database

Guidelines for Motorcycle Operator Licensing

Revise the Motorcycle Operator Manual(MOM) and Knowledge Test Question Database

Rider TrainingRider Training

Model National Standards for Entry-Level Motorcycle Rider TrainingDiscovery Project

Model National Standards for Entry-Level Motorcycle Rider TrainingDiscovery Project

Motorist AwarenessMotorist Awareness

Share the Road Planner – 2008Media Package - 2009Share the Road Planner – 2008Media Package - 2009

Law EnforcementLaw Enforcement

Law enforcement training program to educate officers on their role in improving motorcycle safety

Law enforcement training program to educate officers on their role in improving motorcycle safety

Motorcycle DataMotorcycle DataMotorcycle Data Demonstration Project

Maryland Department of Transportation, Motor Vehicle AdministrationUtilize a data system that will provide a centralized Web-based rider training registration programLink operator licensing, vehicle registration, driving record, rider training, and other data for analysis and countermeasure development

Motorcycle Data Demonstration ProjectMaryland Department of Transportation, Motor Vehicle AdministrationUtilize a data system that will provide a centralized Web-based rider training registration programLink operator licensing, vehicle registration, driving record, rider training, and other data for analysis and countermeasure development

ResearchResearchCrash causation pilot study (NHTSA)Motorcycle braking system studiesMotorcycle conspicuity studiesMotorcycle operator eye-tracking studyFeasibility study to collect on-road riding behaviorIn-vehicle technology to collect VMT dataStrategic plan

Crash causation pilot study (NHTSA)Motorcycle braking system studiesMotorcycle conspicuity studiesMotorcycle operator eye-tracking studyFeasibility study to collect on-road riding behaviorIn-vehicle technology to collect VMT dataStrategic plan

Contact InformationContact Information

Diane WigleNHTSA, Office of Safety Programs1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE (W44-301)Washington, DC 20590

Phone: (202) 366-1739E-mail: Diane.Wigle@dot.gov

Diane WigleNHTSA, Office of Safety Programs1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE (W44-301)Washington, DC 20590

Phone: (202) 366-1739E-mail: Diane.Wigle@dot.gov

This is a U.S. Government Work and is not subject to copyright This is a U.S. Government Work and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States.protection in the United States. It may be copied and used It may be copied and used without permissionwithout permission