nasa contractor report 181909, volume iv dot/faa - ct -89 ... · dot/faa -ct -89/36 -iv the nasa...

NASA Contractor Report 181909, Volume IVDOT/FAA - CT - 89/36 - IV

THE NASA DIGITAL VGH PROGRAM -

EXPLORATION OF METHODS AND FINAL RESULTS

Volume IV - B 747 Data 1978-1980:1689 HOURS

Norman L. Crabill

Eagle Engineering, Incorporated

Hampton DivisionHampton, Virginia 23666

Contract NASW 4430December 1989

National Aeronautics and

Space Ad ministration

Langley Research CenterHampton, Virginia 23665

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FOREWORD

This report was prepared by Eagle Engineering, Inc., Hampton

Division, under contract NASW 4430, sponsored by NASA LangleyResearch Center and the Federal Aviation Administration Technical

Center under the FAA-NASA Interagency Agreement No. DTFA03-890-

A-00019 of 13 June 1989. This report fulfills the requirement

of the Program Plan for the National Aging Aircraft Research

Program, DOT/FAA/CT-88/32, August 1989, Paragraph 2.3.2.1, FlightLoads.

The Eagle Engineering, Inc. effort was performed by Norman L.

Crabill and administered under the direction of Joseph W. Stickle

(NASA Langley Research Center) and Thomas DeFiore (FAATechnical

Center).

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME IV

SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

AIRCRAFT AND INSTRUMENTATION

Aircraft

Instrumentation

SCOPE OF DATA

DATA REDUCTION PROCESS

RESULTS

Flight Profile and Acceleration Derived Statistics

Autopilot Usage and Effects

Cabin Presure

CONCLUDING REMARKS

TABLE I

TABLE II

TABLE II (Continued)

Table II (Concluded)

FIGURES

DOCUMENTATION PAGE

PAGE NO.

1

1

2

2

2

3

3

4

4

4

5

5

6

7

8

9

10-170

171

PRECEDING PAGE BLANK NOT F;LMED

iii

__tNTEN'IIOMAI_L_

Volume IV:

THE NASA DIGITAL VGH PROGRAM-

EXPLORATION OF METHODS AND FINAL RESULTS

B 747 Data 1978-1980:

Norman L. Crabill

Eagle Engineering, Inc.

Hampton Division

Hampton, Virginia

1689 HOURS

SUMMARY

Data obtained from the Digital Flight Data Recorder system of

Boeing 747 aircraft in 442 flights and 1689 hours of airline

revenue operations are presented as an extension of the work

documented in Volume I of this report. Data on conditions with

flap deployment and autopilot use are given. In addition,

acceleration statistics are presented from 23 hours on nonrevenue

flights. No discussion of the data is presented.

INTRODUCTION

This document presents the results of the NASA DVGH Program

obtained during 1978-1980 operations of Boeing B 747 aircraft.

This volume is an extension of the work and methods documented in

Volume I. The data reduction analysis and methods and data

presentation are essentially the same as those reported in Volume

I. However, this report does contain additional data on autopilot

usage and some limited acceleration-derived exceedance data

obtained from non-revenue flights.

AIRCRAFT AND INSTRUMENTATION

Aircraft

The aircraft type was the Boeing B 747-100 with four Pratt and

Whitney JT9D-3A and -7 turbofan engines. Characteristics of the

aircraft used in the data reduction process are given in Table I.

The configuration is shown in figure i.

Instrumentation

The data were obtained fromm the Digital Flight Data Recorder

system described in Volume I. Measurements were:

Parameter

a n + 1

ay

CAS

HP

FLP

Cabin Pressure

Autopilot Status

Ranqe and Units Samples per Second

-3g to +6g 4

-ig to +ig 4

i00 to 450 kts 1

-i,000 to 50,000 ft 1

-50 to 60 ° 1

0 to 15 psia 1

Off or On Discrete

Note that Spoiler data are not reported here, although they were

in Volume I. The cabin pressure data type is the same as reported

in Volume II.

SCOPEOF DATA

Data were collected from five aircraft operating in regular

airline service over the area shown in figure 2 during 1978 through

1980: Almost all of the data (442 flights and 1689 hours) were

obtained during passenger-carrying revenue service; a small amount

(73 flights and 23 hours) was obtained during nonrevenue service

(ferry flights mainly, although some training and maintenance

flights may have been included). Due to operational difficulties,

it was not practical to obtain continuous data from one aircraft

as in Volumes I and II; it was therefore decided to obtain the data

from any of five 747-100 aircraft being operated by the airline

over the service route during the 30 months of the test.

DATA REDUCTIONPROCESS

The Data Reduction Process is basically the same as described

in Volume I. The filter used to separate maneuver and gust accel-

erations was similar to that described in Volume I except that the

high limit of the band pass was set at 0.75 Hz based on an inspec-

tion of representative spectra. Although the results of reference

13 in Volume I indicate that the operation of the autopilot can

cause up to a 20 percent reduction in the normal acceleration peak

response to continuous turbulence, it was decided, after consulta-

tion with the industry, not to account for this in deriving U_,,

in order to maintain comparability with the earlier VGH results,

even though the autopilot status was being monitored in this

investigation.

3

RESULTS

Flight Profile and Acceleration Derived Statistics

Presentation of Flight Profile Statistics results is similar

to that described in Volume I. Flight Profile Statistics are given

in Percent of Time, and as Maximum Values on a Percent of Flight

basis for Entire Flights (flaps up or down) and for Flaps Deflec-

ted. For operati6ns reported in this volume, the conditions

existing at flap retraction after lift off, and the conditions

existing at flap deflection before landing are given.

Acceleration Derived Statistics are also presented as in

Volume I, except that with Flaps Deflected, the maximum a, per

flight and the Equivalent Airspeed occuring are presented for the

various flap detents in take off and landing. Also new are level

crossing counts for the Acceleration Derived quantities for non-

revenue flights. All other results are for revenue flights. These

Acceleration Derived quantities are subject to the same limitations

discussed in Volume I, which indicates that the exceedances derived

from the DFDR system at 4 samples per second may be significantly

less than if actual peak values were counted.

The detailed Flight Profile and Acceleration Derived Statis-

tics are given in figures 3 through 24 as shown in Table II. No

discussion of the data is presented.

Autopilot Usage and Effects

Autopilot status was monitored as off or on without regard to

the exact on-mode. The autopilot was on about 92 percent of the

time; 7.5 percent of the time that it was on, the low-amplitude

4

limit cycle in normal acceleration appeared as discussed in

Volume I. Its characteristics are summarized in figure 25. This

phenomenon is believed to be due to off-nominal autopilot operation

in the altitude-hold mode, and it is more fully discussed in

Volumes I and II.

Cabin Pressure

Absolute cabin pressure was measured and used to compute the

quantity "Maximum Differential Cabin Pressure per Flight" by using

the measured absolute cabin pressure and the standard atmosphere

based on the indicated pressure altitude. The distribution of this

quantity as a function of the percent of flights is shown in figure

26.

CONCLUDINGREMARKS

Data obtained from the Digital Flight Data Recorder system of

Boeing 747-100 aircraft in 442 flights and 1689 hours of airline

revenue operations are presented as an extension of the work

documented in Volume I of this report. Some new data on conditions

with flap deployment and autopilot use are given. In addition,

acceleration statistics are presented from 23 hours of nonrevenue

flights. No general discussion of the data is presented.

TABLE I

BOEING B 747-100 CHARACTERISTICS USED IN THE ANALYSIS

O Geometrical Characteristics

o Wing Area = 5500 ft 2

o Wing Mean Chord = 27.32 ft

O Lift Curve Slope CLG per degree

o Flaps up o Flaps down

M HP = 0 20 kft 40kft FLP, deq HP = 0

.2 .0860 .0885 .0902 0 .0860

.4 .0820 .0875 .0910 2 .i000

.5 .0790 .0870 .0922 i0 .1050

.6 .0790 .0885 .0970 20 .1050

.7 .0750 .0865 .0970 30 .1018

.8 .0675 .0830 .0960

.85 - .0860 .1005

.90 - .0940 .1095

o Weight was computed linearly with time from take off to

landing as described in Appendix C in Volume I.

TABLE II

INDEX OF FLIGHT PROFILE AND ACCELERATION STATISTICS

FLIGHT PROFILE STATISTICS

o ENTIRE FLIGHTS

Figure Number

3

4

5

6

7

o FLAPS DEFLECTED

8

9

i0

II

12

Subject

Weight vs. Flight Duration

Altitudes and Gross Weights

Altitudes and Airspeeds

Altitude Summary

Maximum Altitudes

Flap Detent Use

Weights, Altitudes and Airspeeds

Flap Deflection Times

Equivalent Airspeeds and Detents

Flap Use above i0,000 ft

Page Numbers

12-17

18

19-22

23

24-25

26

27-36

37-39

40

41

7

TABLE II (continued)

ACCELERATIONDERIVED STATISTICS

o ENTIRE FLIGHTS

Figure Number Subject

13 Normal Acceleration Exceedances

(a) an matrix 42

(b) a_ matrix 43

(c) anGmatrix 44

(d)-(m) an, a_, a_ plots 45-54

14 Lateral Acceleration Exceedances

(a) ay matrix 55

(b)-(k) ay plots 56-65

15 Ude Exceedances

(a) Ude matrix 66

(b)-(k) Ude plots 67-76

16 Peak Positive and Negative a n vs. Altitude

(a) a n matrix 77

(b)-(k) a n plots 78-87

17 Peak Positive and Negative a_ vs. Altitude

(a) a_ matrix 88

(b)-(k) a_ plots 89-98

18 Peak Positive and Negative anG VS. Altitude

(a) anG matrix

(b)-(k) a_ plots

Page Numbers

99

100-109

8

o

o

24

TABLE II (Concluded)

19 Peak Positive and Negative Ude VS. Altitude

(a) Ude matrix ii0

(b) - (k) Ude plots 111-120

FLAPS DEFLECTED

Figure Number Subject Page Numbers

20 an Exceedances with Flaps Deflected

(a) Take Off Detents matrix 121

(b) Take Off Detents plot 122

(c) Landing Detents matrix 123

(d) Landing Detents plot 124

21 Peak Positive and Negative a n per flight and EAS bands

(a)-(c) Take Off Detents 125-127

(d)-(i) Landing Detents 128-133

NON-REVENUE FLIGHTS

Figure Number Subject

22 Normal Acceleration Exceedances

(a) an matrix

(b) a_ matrix

(c) ans matrix

(d)-(m) an, a_, a_ plots

23 Lateral Acceleration Exceedances

(a) ay matrix

(b)-(k) ay plots

Ude Exceedances

(a) Ude matrix

(b)-(k) U_ plots

Page Numbers

134

135

136

137-146

147

148-157

158

159-168

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Figure 7.- Concluded.

25

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Takeoff Phase

Total Flight Hours

Total Flights

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1688.83 hours

442

25 30

25 30

I 1

28 35

1.5

1.4

1.3

1,2

Landing Phase

Total Flight Hours

53.18 hours

1688.83 hours

1.1

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r i 1 1 i r f

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r t r

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120 130 14.0 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 2a0 250 260 270

CAS. knOtS

(a) Takeoff, flaps=l°; 1.4399 hours

Figure 9.- Gross weight, altitude above airport, and airspeed time distributions.

27

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Figure 9.- Continued.

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r_

!t)

b_

eL

0.7

0.6

0.5

0._.

0,3

0,2 --t

0.1 -'_

13.(I i

330

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4.

0,.5

0.2

0.1

0.0

0

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4,

0.3

0.2

0,1

0.0

NO OCCURRENCES

r r t I

370 410 450 4gO 530 570 610 650 690

G¢oll Wlfgh(, k(b.

NO OCCURRENCES

NO OCCURRENCES

120 130 140 1_0 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 2.30 240 250 260

CAS. _notl

(d) Takeoff, flaps=20°; 0.0000 hours


3o

10

730

270

O

¢:1

Ji

3

S;

I!

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.0

330

0.8

0.7

0.6--

0.5_

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

).0002

0.0

0 .5

0.B

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3--

02 t

0.1

0,0 i

120

0.0395

0.0086 0.0204 _ 0.0126 0.0010 0.0003 0.0001

370 410 4_0 490 530 570 610 650 690 730


_rQle Weight. klb.

0.0008 0.0064 0.0133 0.0133 010149 0.0111 0.0113 0.0066 0.004|t f I | l f _ i i J _ i . - - . . _ . , ....

i i i 1 i 1 i [ 1

I 2 3 4 _ 6 7 8 9 10

Altitude Above Airport, kit

0.02_7

0.0172 0.0194 0.0022

000100006' =_-7_[7_ F--_°;__ t °°°°4oooo3.... -r ____130 ,40 150 _60 170 180 190 200 210 220" 230 240 250 260

CAS. knots

(e) Landing, flaps=l°; 1.3944 hours

270

31

g,-q

oII

I

g3

II

0.8

0.7

0.6 --

0.5 --

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.0

330

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0,0

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

Oa

0.3

0.2

0.1

O0

0.1166

0.0384 _//////_ 0.0348

o.o182_ [JJ/_ _ 0.0004 0.0003370 410 450 490 530 570 610 650 690

Gross Weight, klb.

730

).0003

0 .5

0.0027 0.0176 0.0349 0.0416 0.0,386 0.0294 0.0231 0.O118 0.008i_ r-_ rT-_ FT._ r_ _ _ _1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

AIIItude Above Airport, kft

0.0598

0.03940"0455_ 0.0333

00320.0139_ _ V /I 0.0122, , , o. , _ v.a v.--I vrl _ ,__o.oo,, , ,20 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270

CAS. knots

(f)Landing, flaps=5°; 3.5252 hours


32

X

II

3

o.

0.8

0.7

O.G

0.5

0.4.

I0.3 --

0.2 "t

0.1

0.0 '

O.B

0.7 --

O.G --

O.S

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.0

06

0.7

O.G

0.5

0.4

03

0.2

O0


0.5464

///

O. 2797 ///

///

/ //

/ /7

0.1268 / //j

Y/A370 410 _50

0.1BSB

0.0023 0.0006

i ' 1

_90 530 _70 610

Gross Weight, klb,

1

650

I

690

7

730

0.3354

0.3070

0.0323

).O00e 0.0005I i

0 .5 1 2

F//1//.-4 0.19S6

0.0503

_ 0.0233 O.OOBI

4 5 G 7 6 9 I0

Air|rude Above A|rport_ kf|

0.3586

/A I/

/_ l/ 0,1632

0.1155_ I/ 0.1250

o.o .i i "r" / '_ '

120 130 1_0 150 160 170 180 t_0 200 210 220 230 240 2_0 260 :70

CAS, knoi_

(g) Landing, flaps=10°; 19.2804 houri

33

x0

oII

i

[-

0.8

0.7

0.6

0,8

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.0

33O

0.4220

/f.4

fJ.4

0,1981 /j

_:_ 0.0040 0,0016

= n • r v

370 4. I 0 4,50 4g 0 5_0 "570 610

f

650 690 730

Groll We|ght, klb.

0,8

0.7 1

i0.6 -_

0.5

0.-

o, -_

0.2 1

0.1

3.0019 0.0043

0.0 _'

0 .5

08

o.38oa

0,2281 I _f _

_ _ 0.1096If_A _ o.o,9217_M

! 2 3

0.0266 0.0158 0.0085 0,0080 0.003. i " "w" " i i

4 5 6 7 8 9 10

AIt|_ude Above Alrporl, kft

0.7

0.6

0.5

O.a

0.30.251 •

0.211,_1o.,__ 0.0,,0 _",,,-1o.o,_, ooooO.OO,O ' 0.°°-o.o c]. , , f , V_ L//] V/ _ °°°°%°°°'°°°•_

• _ i i " = = i r

_20 130 I•0 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 2•0 250 260

CAS, kr_ots

(h) Landing, flaps=20°; 14.0867 hours


34

270

X

O

{I

]

!

1

II

1

0.5

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4,

0.3

0.2 --

0.,L341

_ F/ /V/_ ," / /

0.0912 [f-/t,1 _ _

o.1 • g 7"--71 V/A

.ooze v /.,/I o,oo68 o.oo_70.0 'r • _ _

330 370 41 o 4*50 490 530 570 610

Groin WoIght, klb.

0.8

J T r

650 690 730

0.7

0.8

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.O " " , ......

0 .5

0.3355

//Av "A tlA//A v "A //AF/ _ V ,'.4 ,-i _

f/ A, V " _ ,/J/1 0.0312

: / A I/ • _ //,/_ _ 0.0053. , 0.0063 0.0038 0.0024 0,0023 0.OOt3 0.000"i i " -; .... i i l i •

1 2 3 4 5 8 7 5 9 10

Altitude Above Airport. kit

0,5

0.7

0.5

0.5

0.4,

0.5

0.2

0.1

0 0

0,3581

0.26_5_VA

_/ A 0.1312

A I_ A0.0473

o, %,oooo.F'A _ _ . o.oo_9-- • - i l i T l l _ 1 i l

120 130 1_0 150 160 170 150 t90 200 2t0 220 230 2,0 2_0 260 270

CA_. knot_

(i)Landing, flaps=25°; 14.8968 hours


35

g

00

II

1U

3

.fi

I!

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4.

0.3

0.2 -

0.1 -

0.0

330

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.0

0

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4 -

0.3

0.2

NO OCCURRENCES

i i [ i i

.t70 410 450 490 530 570 610 650 690

GrOllll Weight, klb.

I

730

NO OCCURRENCES

J i i w i

.5 1 2 ._ 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Altffude AbQve Airport. kft

0. I

0.0

NO OCCURRENCES

l i i i i , i _ i i i i i

120 130 140 1_0 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270

CAS. kno_s

(j) landing, flaps=30°; 0.0000 hours


36

I;_!i_.

4<,i

Ill

0

0

0

1 o

o

o

• °0.,,,.,°,.°,,,0, 0

_°° •

,,,.,....,,..,,° ,,

0000000000000000000000000000000

0000000000000000000000000000000

0000000000000000000000000000000

_! _ _m_mo_mo_momomooooooooooIJJilililillilllllllllliilllill

°o.,,o°,,°°o,o.oo°_,,°°,,,,,o,,

g

!

t_

37

z"o

o

p_

o

o

00000000000000000000000000000000000

......... .°° .,

o_=_ ..... oooooooooooooooooooooo= a

*,,°.,,,.,°00,,,.D, ,. .

ooo_®___ooooooooooooooooooo=

....... 0,,,,,°,,0,00.,,0,

, ..... °°,. .... ,....°, ,°

°, .... ,°,,...,,,,o.°o °

o

U

_....

°°°°,,,°.,°,,,o,,°o.°°,o,.o°°°.°,°,

IIIIlillillllllllllllllllllllllllll

,,....,,,,.,,,...,°,.,.,,o,,,,.,,,,

8

Io

L_

38

40

3O

10

Flap increases more than 0.5 °Flap increases more than 3 °

0

o

4o

m Flap increases more than 7°

o

0

• Flap increases more than 15°

Qe

O_

v _v v _ v w

40 .@

3O

2O

10

0

0

- Flap increases more than 23 °

- @

s 10 15 10 2S

Flap increases more than 28°

NO OCCURRENCES

l ' i i i ,, i i3O O 5 10 IS 1'0 IS m

Time Before Touchdown that Flap is Changed, minutes

(C) Landing: Plots of data from Figure 10(b)

Figure 10.- Flap deflection times.

39

_o

_o

_6

¸++it

_o

_Bo_

_o

_B

oo0o00

o0oooo

oooooo

000o00

o00o00

ooo0oo

oooooo

OoOoOO

0oooo_

oooo_

00o_o

0o0_oo

o0o_0o

o0oo00

oooooo

o0oo00

+++_+_+++++,,+.

0oo000

oooo0o

ooo000

0oo000

oooo0o

oo0oo0

_oo00o

_oo000

m_oooo

_ooo

°+

o_m_mo

oo._o

0o0_0

0oo0_0

oooo_o

0oo00o

- m++m_I'111

+J=r.j

.)8"),.

,,,,,,_

o

I,

,m,-,4

4G

'to

g

el

7

4s

es

4.

.s

1

Io.o

Io

J

10.8'11.0'11.B'I2.0'l:L.6'l&.O'l]I..O't4.0'14. IS 18018,816016817.017.0 lllO 111 e tD.O

(a) Pressure altitude at initial flap deflection, kft.

O

Z

!o

7

o

=too1 m 220

!0

_2B

(b) Calibrated airspeed at initial flap deflection, lift.

lO

• " . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ,' . . . . .o o als oo 78 1 oo 1 ao 1 oo I ?o a oo a 2cs a _o a 7el. al oo J.a8 _._o s.?m _- 7B _.o0

(c) Minutes above 10,000 ft. that flaps delected > .5 degrees

to

o

7

e

as

A.

s

2

o? o • _o 11 12 13 1_ 15 1_

(d) Minutes before touchdown of initial flap detection

Io I• 20

Figure 12.- Flap use above 10,000 feet pressure altitude: 32 flights included.

41

I

O_

< _.

.I

?=

0 ...... ° .....

ooooooooooo--= =--ooooooooooo ==

oooooooooooo,_,oooooooooooo _

.00°000,0,°

oooooooooooo__oooooooooooo

• • ...... ° 0

_D

_m0.0.0.00.0._O000000000__O00000000_O0 _

0

=============================

____ '0000000 00000000 _

....... 0,o,°

°°°°°°°°°°®_:::_°ooooooooo _

I-,_ I-I H

8.

d_

.==

!

.,.._

42

oo

I

ooC_ft.)

oo

er_

oo

om

oo

ooo

oovlqlP

oou3

I

00Inqq

.,.,,,,,, ,,

e..° , o ° .... °

ooooooooooooo_ooooo0oooo0oo_

_ o

• . ° , ° ,0000000000000_0000000000000

oooooooooo__oooooooooooo

oIP

o

r__D

01

ooooooooo___ooooooooooo ®

o o , ° , • • ,

oooooooooooo_ooooooooooooo

• , .... o , o

000000000000_0000000000000

• • , • • ° • , • •

• ° ...... ° .

° I0

43

oooo

qlD

o oo o

tl_ qF

oOOo*_ 04

or)

o o

oooo

o oo o

o_°_c_°__.... 0 ..... .

oooooooooooo _,_c_ooooooooooooor.4

,°.00,°0°°

oooooooooo___oooooooooo ®o

..... 00°,00

0000000000000_0000000000000

° .... °o,°

0000000000000_0000000000000

0000000000000_0000000000000

000000000000__000000000000

o


00,,°,00.0


m

,,.0°0°°00,

ooooooooooo__ooooooooooo

_1, 0 •

t _

o

_P

.,-4

I

ooo.o°..o.

_o

,_I_._°_._._.°°°_°_o.... o I.

44

10s

104

Totat_ghtsTotal _oursTotal Miles

44257.68

10718

Oa_

Ela_

lo, ___. $_0 []

lo2 _"

" oo-

0100

-- '_C] 1}0

CIlO-z = [

10-2

I I I

0()

10-3 I I I I I I II I I I' I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

-1.00 -0.80 -0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60, 0.80 1.00

Incremental Acceleration, g units

(d) a., aM, a.o, -500 to 4500 feet altitude


45

Total _l_ghts 442Total Hours 57.61Total Miles 14655

105

Oa.

104 raa_

10a !

-_ <; ,,j ,: C] 0

0 [] ...

- o( 0[3 o

10*

lO-a

10-2

10-3 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ! I I I

-1.00-0.80-0.60-0.40-0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60. 0.80 1.00


(e) a., a_, a_ 4500 to 9500 feet altitude


46

lOs

104

103

Total FlightsTotal HoursTotal Miles

44254.88

18760

Oa=

Ela.a

10a

100=_

10-1

11)-2

10-3 i i ,

t./'-

<_.J v

1"]<3

0 [] ()

I I I II I III I II I I I I II I I I I I I I I I

-1.00 -0.80 -0.60-0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60' 0.80 1.00


(f) an, aM, a.o, 9500 to 14500 feet altitude


47

O

0

10_

10 4

10 3

10 2

101

10o

10-'

10-2

10-3 ,, ,

{}


IOa_

[] a_M

Oa_

0 o

<> [_>0

[] [] ()

44243.43

17398

I I I I I I I I l I I I I I l I I I I I l I I I I I I

-1.00 -0.80 -0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00


(g) an, a_, a,o, 14500 to 19500 feet altitude


48

lOs

104

103


44248.52

21055

Oa_

Fla_

o

o0

10 2

101

100

10-1

10-2

F1

00

© c',,_

u []

LA

[] (>n ()

10_3 I I I I 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I i I I I I I I I I I

-1.00 -0.80 -0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00


(h) an, a_, a_, 19500 to 24500 feet altitude


49

lOs

104

103

Total .FlightsTotal HoursTotal Miles

I

rna_

44279.06

36267

102=

_ 101 _0 -

_ -100

10-1

[]

O0

[]

cY LJ

<> <>

10-_ rl t'_= LJ_.s

10-3 I I I I I I I I I I I I ! I ! I I I ! I I I I I I I I I I I

-1.00 -0.80-0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00


(i) a., a_, a_, 24500 to 29500 feet altitude


50

10s

104

103


Oa.

Oa_

a.Q

442273.84

133304

O

O

102El

i .i

101

=

10o

lO-t ..

10-2

0 o

%6> ,W

reX,"'"LJ v, ) "

I I I

t-x/\,u\/

<>I-'1 t"x

10-3 [ II Ill Ill Ill Ill Ill I I I

-1.00 -0.80 -0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60


I I I Ill

0.80 1.00

(j)a,, a_, a_, 29500 to 34500 feet altitude


51

o

oL)

105

104

103

t0 2

10:

lOo

10-1=

10-2

m

B

10-3 ,J ,

E]

O0

O0o 'cP

[]

:d) OD

Total FlightsTotal taoursTotal Miles

II

<> <>o0 [] []

_"V V_

I I I I II II I I I I I I I I II II I II I

-1.00 -0.80 -0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80


4421065.45

516184

1oa_

na_

Oa_

I I I

1.00

(k) an, aM, a_, 34500 to 39500 feet altitude


52

10_

10 4

103


4428.81

4282

Oa_

rqa_

102

_ 10_ _

O

L)10o

10-1 = 0

10-2

0

d3,7 t:_

o< <>oc) []3 L[]

OC)

I I I10_3 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1

-1.00 -0.80 -0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00


(1) a_, a,M, a_, 39500 to 44500 feet altitude


53

O

O

105

104

103

102

101

10o


4421688.83

772613

[]

I

Ha_

0 a_o

0 o

10-1 ¢. )

10-2 ,,, A "_=- _" V La

11t Ill III

<>()

10-3 I I l I I I I I I I I I 1 1 1 I 1 I I I I

-1.00 -0.80 -0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.130 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00


(m) a_, a_, a_, -500 to 44500 feet altitude


.54

|

ooIn_4

oo

00

oob")

qll

oo

q

I:oo

Oi

I:0o

if)

o oo o

Ne4

OoO_pmw-i i-g

o oo o

i=1

OoOi/_ln

ooin in

0,0,0.°0,oooooooooooo_m_oooooooooooo

,,,0,,,,,,

oooooooooo_.__._oooooooooo

_O_O_O_O_O

.**o°0.0,

OOOOOOOOOOOO__OOOOOOOOOOOO

*00°,°.00

OOOOOOOOOOOO_OOOOOOOOOOOOOm_

• • *OOOOOOOOOOOg__gdOOOOOOOOOO

0°**0,0,oOOOOOOOOOOOO_O_OOOOOOOOOOOO

,,,°,°°0°o0

***°,°***OOOOOOOOOOOO__OOOOOOOOOOO

NmN

r_

_0N

O rl

e_Cq

I*_ 4D

_0 _1_

o

r.-

_o

000°0.,..

ooooooooooo__ooooooooooo _

ffO_

s-I_lr'.i"-

(-._ f.._ I-i"

I.

_C

55

10 5

Total Flights 442Total Hours 57.68Total Miles 10718

104

10 3 _)

10 2

(}

()

O

O O

{)

O

(

10-2

10-3 Filli JiJl Jill IIII IIIi If li Ilfi II11 IIII Ilil

-0.20-0.16-0.12-0.08-0.04 0.00 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20

ay, g Units

(b) -500 to 4500 feet altitude


56

10 5


103 _ ()

10 2

0

or,..)

10 o _

()

0

©©

c)

0

()

10-1 _ ()

10-2

()

E

10-3 IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII

-0.20-0.16-0.12-0.08-0.04 0.00 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20

a,, g Units

(c) 4500 to 9500 feet altitude


57

10 5

10 4

10 3

10 2

_101

10 o

()

()

¢3

()

©


()

O

10-1 _- (_)

10-2

10-3 111t II11 IIII 1111 III1 III1 III1 1tll Illl IIII

-0.20-0.16-0.12-0.08-0.04 0.00 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20

a,, g Units

(d) 9500 to 14500 feet altitude


58

10 5


44243.48

17398

10 4 =

10 3

10 2

101

_ D

10 ° =

lO-t

10-2 _

t)

0

()

()

0

C)0

() 0

()

()

f

10.3 IIII III! IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII

-0.20-0.16-0.12-0.08-0.04-0.00 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20

a_ g Units

(e) 14500 to 19500 feet altitude


59

o

o

10 5

104

10 3

10 2

101

=

t

w

°

()

Total Nights 442Total Hours 48.52Total Miles 21055

©

I0° =

10-1

I0-2

0

()

() ()

0

()

10-3 1111 Illl IIII IIII lill lill IIll 1111 llll till

-0.20-0.16-0.12-0.08-0.04 0.00 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20

a,, g Units

(f)19500 to 24500 feet altitude


6O

10 5

10 a

10 3 ()


44279.06

36267

10 2

or..)

o

o

10 o __

m

10-1

C) C)

()

0 0

()

10 -2 =

10-3 illl IIII IIII fill liil Jill IIII IIII IIII Illl

-0.20-0.16-0.12-0.08-0.04 0.00 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20

ay, g Units

(g) 24500 to 29500 feet altitude


61

lO s

10 4

7_

103

102

0

F_101

o

rO 10 ° F

lO-I -

m.

10-2 __

0

C)

c)

00


() )

O

()

10-3 ,,,, t,,, ,,_, ,,,, ,_,, ,_, ,,,, ,,,, ,,,, ,l_

-0.20-0.16-0.12-0.08-0.04 0.00 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20

ay, g Units

(h) 29500 to 34500 feet altitude


62

lO s

104

103

102

101

010 0 :

7.

10 -1 _.

7. ()

0

0

0

() ()


O

()

10-2_7.

10-3 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ! I I I I ! I I I I I I I I I I I I' I ! I I I I I I

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63

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65

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OF POOR QUALITY

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Total _ights 442Total Hours 54.88Total Miles 18760

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101

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70

105

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44248.52

21055

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442

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74

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4428.81

4282

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80

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102

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Total _ights 442Total Hours 43.48Total Miles 17393.2

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81

102

Total l_ightsTotal rmursTotal Miles

44248.52

21054.5

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83

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Total FlightsTotal rtoursTotal Miles

442273.34

133304.1

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516183.7

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(i) 34500 tO 39500 feet altitude


85

102

Total _ightsTotal HoursTotal Miles

4428.81

4262.1

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0

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10-3 I I I I I I I I I I I I l 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 I I I I I I I ! I I

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86

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90

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91

102

Total Flights 442Total r-louts 43.48Total Miles 17393.7

101

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102

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Total _ights 442Total Hours 48.52Total Miles 21054.5

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93

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442273.34

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4421065.45

516183.7

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Total Flights 442Total hours 48.52Total Miles 21054.5

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104

Total .l_lights 442Total Hours 79.06

lO" Total Miles 36267.1

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105

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442273.34

133304.1

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106

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Total _ightsTotal r_oursTotal Miles

4421065.45

516183.7

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44243.48

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Total Flights 442Total flours 8.81Total Miles 4282.1

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104

105

102

101

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278

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138

10s

104

103

10=

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10*

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Total ..FlightsTotal HoursTotal Miles

731.23

435

I

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I I I10-3 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

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1.00

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139

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104

103

102

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73.68

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140

105

104

103

102

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305

104

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Total .Flights 73Total taours 6.94Total Miles 3369

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144

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101

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160

105

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102

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162

105

104


73.71

305

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366

o

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Total Flights 73Total flours 0.00Total Miles 0

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104

103

10 2

101

10o

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10-2

NO

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167

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103

102

101

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Total Nights 73Total Hours 23.13Total Miles 7605

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168

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169

_,,,, Report Documentation Page

1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No.

NASA CR-181909, VOL. IV

DOT/FAA-CT - 89/36 -IV

4. Title and Subtitle

The NASA Digital VGH Program-

Exploration of Methods and Final Results

Volume IV-B 747 Data 1978-1980:1689 hours

7. Author(s)

Norman L. Crabill

9. Peffo_ing Organ_ation Name and A_ress

Eagle Engineering, Inc.

Hampton Division, Tower Box 77

2101 Executive Drive, Hampton, VA 23666

12. Sponsori_ Agan_ Name aod Address

National- Aeronautics and Space AdministrationWashington, DC 20546-0001 andU.S. Department of TransportationFAA Technical Center

Atlantic City International Airport, NJ 0840515. Supplemen_w Not_

3. Recipient's Catalog No.

5. Re_rt Date

December 1989

6. Performing Organization Code

8. Performing Organization Report No.

10. Work U.it No.

505-63-01-05

11. Contract or Grant No.

NASW- 4430

13. Type of Report and Period Covered

Contractor Report

14. Sponsoring Agency Code

Langley Technical Monitor:

FAA Technical Center COTR:

Joseph W. Stickle

Thomas DeFiore

16. Abstract

B 747 Digital Flight Data taken in 1978 through 1980 were analyzed

to provide many statistical data useful for updating airliner air-

worthiness design criteria.

17. Key Wor_ (Suggested by Author(s))

Flight Recorder Digital Flight Data

Recorder,VGH, Digital VGH, Air-

worthiness, Airliner, B 747

19. _curi_ Classif. (of th_ report)

Unclassified

18. Distribution Statement

Unclassified- Unlimited

S_ject Catego_ 06

_. S_ur_ Cla_f. (of th_ _ga)

Unclassified21. No. of _ges _. Price

175 A08

NASA FORM 1626 OCT 86

nasa contractor report 181909, volume iv dot/faa - ct -89 ... · dot/faa -ct -89/36 -iv the nasa...

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