nanocarbon1.ppt

8/19/2019 Nanocarbon1.ppt

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Nanocarbon:

Properties and Applications

Trial lecture17/1-2004

Kai de Lange Kristiansen


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arbon

• elting point: 3 00o

• Ato$ic radius: 05077 n$

• 'asis in all organic co$ponds

• 10 $ill5 carbon co$ponds

.ntroduction

http://images.google.no/imgres?imgurl=http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/snorre/images/snorre7.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/snorre/snorre5.html&h=450&w=550&sz=45&tbnid=IRPPWQRWXG4J:&tbnh=106&tbnw=129&start=1&prev=/images%3Fq%3Doil%2Bsnorre%26hl%3Dnn%26lr%3D


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Nanocarbon

• *ullerene

• Tubes

• ones• arbon blac6

• orns

•8ods• *oa$s

• Nanodia$onds

.ntroduction


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Nanocarbon

• *ullerene

• Tubes


• orns

•8ods• *oa$s

• Nanodia$onds

.ntroduction


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Nanocarbon

• *ullerene

• Tubes


.ntroduction

Properties 9 Application

• ,lectrical

• ec)anical

• T)er$al

• torage


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'onding

Properties

rap)ite " sp2 ;ia$ond " sp


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Nanocarbon

)enderoa et al 5

Nanotec)nolog< 12 %2001& 1#15

Properties


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Nanocarbon

Properties

12 pentagons

= pentagons

1 " pentagons


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*ullerene

”The most symmetrical large molecule”

• ;iscoered in 1#>

- Nobel pri!e )e$istr< 1##? url? Kroto? and $alle<

Properties

,pcot center? Paris

31 n$

Arc)itect: 85 'uc6$inster *uller

• 0? also 70? 7 and >45 - 2 @acets %12 pentagons and 20 )eagons& - protot


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*ullerene

•


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*ullerene

•


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*ullerene

•


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*ullerene

•


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*ullerene

• )e$icall< stable as grap)ite - $ost reactie at pentagons

• r


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*ullerene

• )e$icall< stable as grap)ite - $ost reactie at pentagons

• r


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Nanotube

Properties

8oll-up ector:

21 amanC

h +=

• ;iscoered 1##1? .iEi$a


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P ti


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Nanotube

,lectrical conductanse depending on )elicit<

21amanC h +=

Properties

.@ ? t)en $etallicelse se$iconductor

imn

=+

3

2

P ti


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Nanotube

,lectrical conductanse depending on )elicit<

21amanC h +=

Properties

• urrent capacit<

arbon nanotube 1 A$ps / c$

2

opper Bire 1 A$ps / c$2

• eat trans$ission

o$parable to pure dia$ond %20 D / $5K&

• Te$perature stabilit< arbon nanotube 70 o %in air&

etal Bires in $icroc)ips 00 " 1000 o

• aging

a< c)ange electrical properties + sensor

imn

=+

3

2.@ ? t)en $etallicelse se$iconductor

Properties


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Nanotube

Properties

;ia$eter:

as loB as 1 n$

Lengt):

tdiameter

length

+ (uasi 1; solid

Properties


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Nanotube

G)eng et al 5 Nature aterials 3 %2004& 75

Properties

DNT " 15# n$

;ia$eter:

as loB as 1 n$

Lengt):

tdiameter

length

+ (uasi 1; solid

Properties


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Nanotubes

Carbon nanotubes are the strongest ever knownmaterial.

• Young Modulus (stifness): Carbon nanotubes 1250 !a

Carbon "bers #25 !a (ma$.)

%igh strength steel 200 !a

• &ensile strength (breakingstrength)

Carbon nanotubes 11' !a

Carbon "bers .5 ' !a

%igh strength steel * 2 !a• +longation to ,ailure : * 20'0 -

• ensit/:

Carbon nanotube () 1. 1.#0 gram 3 4m

luminium 2.6 gram 3 4m

Properties

Properties


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arbon nanotubes are er< @leible

Nanoscience Research Group University of North Carolina (USA)

http://!physics!unc!edu/"rsuper/research/

http://!ipt!arc!nasa!gov/gallery!html

Properties

ec)anical

Properties


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ones

cale bar: 200 n$

1#52 o

>5#o

050o

>45o

1125#o

Kris)nan? ,bbesen et al 5 Nature 388 %2001& 2415

Properties

• ;iscoered 1##4 %closed @or$& e 9 attler

1##7 %open @or$& ,bbesen et al 5

• losed: sa$e s)ape as .H capsid

• Possible scale-up production %open @or$&

• torageC

+


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arbon blac6

Properties

Large industr<

- $ill5 tons eac)


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Driting

arbon " grap)ite 0: 1000 better resolutiont)an in6 %Jero&

Application

Application

http://images.google.no/imgres?imgurl=http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/prerel/prhtml02/02115b.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/prerel/prhtml02/02115.html&h=490&w=642&sz=26&tbnid=yGBKIOD6nJEJ:&tbnh=103&tbnw=134&start=1&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dprinter%26hl%3Dnn%26lr%3D


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NT / pol


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NT / pol


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,lectric deices

Application

Application


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Transistor

• Hacuu$ tubes- Nobel pri!e 1#0? T)o$son5

.'? 1#25

• e$iconductor? i-based - Nobel pri!e 1#? )oc6le


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Transistor

• DNT - 25 !? T 4 K

- Logical gates

Application

Li et al 5 Nano Lett5 4 %2004& 75'ac)told? ;e66er et al 5cience 294 %2001& 1175

'ase

ollector ,$itter

Application


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Antenna

Application

Application


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Antenna

• ;ipole3 /4 $

Application

#$%

m

s

m

c f 100~

3

1038

⋅

==

λ

8adio Bae:

Application


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Antenna

• ;ipole3 /4 $

;e66er? P)


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*lat screen displa


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*lat screen displa


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Ato$ic *orce icroscop<

pp


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Application


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arn

G)ang? At6inson and 'aug)$an?

cience 306 %2004& 1>5

DNT

• Mperational -1#o Q T Q 40o

• ,lectrical conducting

• Toug)ness co$parable to Kelar

• No rapture in 6not

Application


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Bt

%(uestionable& - Taraso et al. %200&: 254 Bt

reersible? 2 bar 2?-10o5

• ones - ealand 9 6Eeltorp? %2001&

I Patent ?2#0?7

,ldrid Osand? .*, KEeller


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onclusion


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onclusion

• Nanocarbon- @ullerene - ”most symmetrical”

- tubes - SstrongestS- cones - Sone o@ t)e s)arpestS

- carbon blac6 - Slarge productionS

• Properties

- electrical? $ec)anical? t)er$al? storage? caging

• Applications - antenna? co$posite? Briting? @ield e$ission?

transistor?


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o$$ercial

• o$panies: 3 20 BorldBide - arbon Nanotec)nologies .nc5 %N.&

- , 8esearc)

- n-Tec

• Prices: - Tubes: pure DNT 00 / gra$ %N.&

DNT U 20-0 / gra$ %n-Tec&

- /0 : pure 100-200 / gra$ %, 8esearc)&

- ones: ulti U 1 / gra$ %n-Tec&

- old : 10 / gra$

nanocarbon1.ppt

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