n.a.c.a. aircraft circular no.1 - 1926-03 - liore-olivier airplane type 12 night-bomber or type 20...

8/11/2019 N.a.C.a. Aircraft Circular No.1 - 1926-03 - Liore-Olivier Airplane Type 12 Night-bomber or Type 20 Commercial

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IRCR FT CIRCUL RS

N TION L DVISORY COMMITTEE FOR ERON UTICS

No. 1

LIOR-OLIVIER AIRPLAIE

(Type 12 Night-Bomber or Type 20 Commercial)

By J. Serryer

From Lee Ailes,' January 28, 1926

Wasi-J.ngtonMarch 1926


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JATIONAL ADVISORY 001111ITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS .

A I R C R A F T C I R C U L A R N O . 1 .

LIORE-OLIVIR AIRPLANE. *

(Type 12 N ight -Bomber or Type 20 Commercia l )

By J , S erryer.

The Liore ' -Ol iv ier Company, one of the o ldes t French aero-

naut ic const ruct ion companies , has been as successful in bui ld-

ing land airplanes as in the manufacture of its reirkabe sea-

planes . For want of the necessary data , we have not previous ly

descr ibed the in teres t ing a i rp lane of la rge-car ry ing capaci ty,

which was buil t and tested by this company in 1924.

I t was bui l t on very s imple l ines and, except i t s cover-

ing , i s a l l meta l . For the sake of reducing i t s cos t as much

as p oss ib le , the const ructors not only s im p lified the design,

but rcade each -oart of a very small number of s tamped and r iv-

eted p ieces. . The framework consists chiefly of l ight-metal

standard tubes and sections.

E uipp ed as a mi l i ta ry a i rp lane , Bn 2 , the L-O large a i r-

p lane , type 12 , b r i l l i ant ly passed i t s o ff i c i a l t e s t s . Among

i t s per formances , we would ca l l specia l a t ten t ion to i t s good

behavior at 2000m 6562 ft ), where, with its full load, and

one engine s topped, i t not only could hold i t s course , but

could a lso descr ibe a f igure e ight , thus demonst ra t ing i t s

excel lent manageabil i ty.


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N.A.C.A. Aircraft Circular No:. 1 I t has two 400 HP. Lorraine-Dietr ich engines, which givei t a maximum. speed Of 204 km 127 mi.) per hour at an al t i tude.

of 5550 m 18209 f t . ) wi th a useful load of 1944 kg 4286 lb . ) .

I t s radius of ac t ion 875 km 544 mi . ) makes i t . especia l ly

suitable for long trips It has been adopted by the rench

army as a n ight bomber wi th two or three sea ts

The type 12 can be conver ted eas i ly in to a commercia l a i r-

p lane . I t then becomes the L-0 20, capable of car ry ing 15

passengers and 300 kg 661 lb.) of freight at a speed of 190 lQn

118 mi.) per hour with 450 HP engines;

Cell . - The wing structure of the. large L-O mil i tary air-

p lane , type 12 En 2 , or of the commercia l a i rp lane , type 20 ,

i s a b ip lane ce l l wi th a wing area of 105 m 11302l sq . f t . ) .

I t has two equal uns taggered rec tangular wings , wi thout la tcra l

dihedra l or longi tudinal sweep back. Each wing has a span of

22.2 m 72.83 f t . ) and a chord of 2 .5 m 8 .2 f t . : ) . The non-

compensated a i le rons are four in number, each be ing 4 .375 m

14.35 f t . ) long and 41 cm 16.14 in.) wide.

Each hal f -ce l l has three pa i rs of ver t ica l s t ru ts braced

diagonal ly by s tee l cables . Moreover, : a t the center of the

cel l , the upper wig i s connected wi th the fuse lage by a scr ie

of oblique struts.

The wing s t ruc ture i s a l l -meta l , each wing having, as

spars two box girders and a cer ta in number of r ibs thus form


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N.A.C.A ircraft Circular No. 3ing a braced girder, which is normally cov ered with fabric.

Fuselage - Equipped as En 2, i .e . as a bomber, the L-O

airplane, typo 12, has a fuselage 1.3 m (4. 27 ft.)wide and

1.5 in (4 .92 f t . ) h igh at i t s la rges t c ros s s ec t ion . I t s f rame-

work is al l -metal-

The pi lot 's cockpit is behind the cell and contains two

s eats s ide by s ide . In order to increase the v is ib i li ty, both

wings are cdt away in this vicinity. Immediately back of the.

pii o t cockpit there is a turret for twin machine guns. An-

other gunner 's co ckpit is arranged inside the fuselage, for

firing'clowfl and back.

The hor izontal empennage is as s imple in s hape as the

wings . I t cons is ts of an adjus table s tabi l izer and an unbal -

anced elevator in two parts , both being in the same horizontal

plane. The iniaence oi u l l u

fl4g ht , so that when it has been s et at the desired angle, the

pilot does not have to exert any force on the control s t ick.

The vert ical empennage cons ists of a large f in and a

rudder which, contrary to the accompanying diagram, ' is not bal-

anced. Due to a suitable device, patented by the L.-O. Company,

the fin is adji.stable In case of the stopping of one of the

engines, the pi lot can therefore prolo ng the f l ight , even if

the airplane is fully loaded., ' by s uitably adjusting the fin

as to 'co mpensate, without fat igue, the change in the direct ion


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N.A..C.A. Aircraft Circular No 1 of thrust thus retaining perfect rudder control.The framework of both empen nages is l ikewise of l ight

metal and normally they are all covered with fabric. The ad

justable stabil izer is guyed to the rear of each side of the

fuselage above and below with the interposi t ion of double

stool turnbuckles. Each turnbuckle is at tached at i ts lower

end to the base of the last upright of the fuselage and also

to the spar of the plane. I ts lower end is integral with the

rudder p ost . Moreover this s tabil izer is braced by two small

oblique struts which l ikewise serve to modify i ts incidence in

f l ight . These struts are disp osed vert ical ly to the front

spar and are bolted to this spar at their upper ends. The low

er f i t t ings of these struts are assemb led with a tubular t r i-

an g le whose apex can be shif ted vert ical ly by means of an

endless screw controlled by the p i lot . The two fuselage struts

serve as guides for this assembly as also for the front spar

of the plane.

Power Plant .- The L.-0. mil i tary airplane type 12 Bn 2

can be equipped ei ther with two 400 HP Lorraine--Dietnich en-

gines or with two 420 HP Jupiter engines. The commercial air

plane type 20 derived from the mil i tary airplane is 6quipped

with two. 450 HP. engines.

Each engine is mounted on a removable frame in front of the

lower wing Two compression struts of light metal tubing con


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N.A.C.A Aiicraft Circular No. 1 neat the T SS members of the engine bed with the landing-gear

struts. These cross members are nude of standard l ight-metal

sections. They rest on a box girder joined to the fr ont spar

of the lower wing. An assembly of struts, cross members and

diagonals, l ikewise of standard sections, connect the two

cross members to the compression struts of the engine fra me.

Attachments are provided on each engine to facil i tate i ts

removal. . Thus-an engine can be replaced by another engine in

three hours. The engines are entirely outside the cell and are

perfectly accessible to the mechanics. All the hoods are re

movable, thus facil i tating the cleaning and thorough inspec-

tion of all the parts.

The cooling is done by a frontal honeycomb Vincent Andre

radiator located above and behind each engine. This radiator

is movable vertically and can be drawn into the cockpit behind

the engine. On the side, a wat er tank, with a capacity of 40

l i ters 10.57 gal.) , also acts as a radiator.

Land.inz Gear.- This is composed of two entirely independ-

ent part y , the wheel-gauge being 4.44 m 14.57 f t Each part

of the landing gear is dir ectly under one of the engines. The

system adopted comprises a fixed frame and a movable frame of

s teel tubes and weighs 70kg 154 lb .) , both being ver t ical

and enclosed in a housing. The fixed frame se rves as a guide

to the movable frame which supports a single wheel 1100 X 120/


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N A C A i iriaft Circular NO 1 43.30 x 4.72 in.). Sandows, wound about the upper cross mem-

bers of these two frames, absorb tho landing shocks. This

landing s ear is very strong. It has supported six time s the

weight of the airplane, without breaking. The large diameter

of the wheels keeps them from sinking in soft ground and en-

ables them to pass over rough ground more easily.

General Characteristics

Span 22.2 m 72.83 f t

Chord 2.5

8 ? 2

Gap 2.426 m 7.96

Height 4.26-. 13.98

Length 12.6 41.34

Wing area 105.0 m 1130.21 s q f t

Dead load 265O0 kg 5842.00 l b

Useful load 1950.0 4299.00

Full load 4600.0 10141.00

ing loading 43.70 kgJn 8.95 lb./sqoft.

Load per horsepower 5.75 kg/I-. 12.68 lb./i .

Power per unit area 7.65 IP . / m .711 . /sq.ft.


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N.A.C A Aircraft Cirular No. 1

Per fo rmances

M a x i m u m s p e e d

S p e e d a t 2 3 0 0 IT 7546 f t ? )

Cl imb to 2000 m 65 62 f t . )w i th 1600 kg 3527 lb . )u s e f u l l o a d

Cl imb to 5500 m- 18045 . f t . )

wi th 1800 kg 3968 lb . )u s e f u l l o a d

204 km/h r.

26.75 mi . /h r.

190

18 .06

9 m m . 1 8 s e c . 9 m m . 1 8 s e c .

1 h o u r

h o u r

Trans l a t ion by Dwigh t M. Mine r,N a t i o n a l A d v i s o r y C o m m i t t e ef o r A e r o n a u t i c s .


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A.C.A. Aircraft Circular No.1

AVER

M

Lior Olivier night bomber type 12

2-400 HP. Lorraine-Dietrich engines.


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i

1 eloo i

LX it

U

I Lcre & Ti iver r 1ht omoer type 13-?-40C HP. Lorrine-Dietrich

IInes.

n.a.c.a. aircraft circular no.1 - 1926-03 - liore-olivier airplane type 12 night-bomber or type 20...

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