mythical eye
TRANSCRIPT
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Mythical eye
Standardization
Dynamic rectangle
Em-/en-square
Rhythm
Morphology
Fence posting
Grid
Unit arrangement
Cadence units
Measurements
Reproducing
Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
The mythical eyeof the type designer
(Harmonics, patterns and dynamics in formal typographicrepresentations of the Latin script | The regularization,standardization, systematization, and unitization of roman typesince its Renaissance origin until the Romain du Roi)
f r a n k e . b l o k l a n d
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Mythical eye
Standardization
Dynamic rectangle
Em-/en-square
Rhythm
Morphology
Fence posting
Grid
Unit arrangement
Cadence units
Measurements
Reproducing
Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
� 2
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
‘Having learned and memorised thetrue proportions of roman letter astaught in the manuals of Moille, Pacioliand others, the goldsmiths, punch-cutters and printers relied on their eyesand not upon their measuring tools.’Stanley Morison, Fra Luca de Pacioli of Borgo S. Sepolcro (1933)
f r a n k e . b l o k l a n d
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Mythical eye
Standardization
Dynamic rectangle
Em-/en-square
Rhythm
Morphology
Fence posting
Grid
Unit arrangement
Cadence units
Measurements
Reproducing
Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
‘These gentlemen would have beenwell advised to a single rule which theyestablished, which is chiefly to beguided by the eye, the supreme judge’
Pierre Simon Fournier, Manuel Typographique (1764 – 1766)(on the attempts of Jaugeon and his colleagues to standardizethe design of the Romain du Roi)
f r a n k e . b l o k l a n d
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Mythical eye
Standardization
Dynamic rectangle
Em-/en-square
Rhythm
Morphology
Fence posting
Grid
Unit arrangement
Cadence units
Measurements
Reproducing
Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
‘[…] some indefinable talent in the bestpunch-cutters and type designers whoaimed and continue to aim at opticalharmony.’
Allen Hutt, Fournier, the compleat typographer (1972)(in his attempt to mistify the quality of punch cutters and typedesigners)
f r a n k e . b l o k l a n d
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Mythical eye
Standardization
Dynamic rectangle
Em-/en-square
Rhythm
Morphology
Fence posting
Grid
Unit arrangement
Cadence units
Measurements
Reproducing
Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
‘Every collection of graphemes repre-senting an alphabet has its own rules,defined by their specific harmonics,patterns and dynamics. When thegraphemes are commonly acceptedthey define the rules for the conditio-ning of their users and producers.’feb, Modeldoctrine (1987 – 2011)
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Standardization
Dynamic rectangle
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Rhythm
Morphology
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Grid
Unit arrangement
Cadence units
Measurements
Reproducing
Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Systemization
Epilogue
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Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Measurements
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Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Measurements
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Systemization
Epilogue
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Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Measurements
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Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
ascenders &descenders
ascenders &descenders
f r a n k e . b l o k l a n d
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Measurements
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Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
ascenders &descenders
ascenders &descenders
f r a n k e . b l o k l a n d
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Measurements
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Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Unit arrangement
Cadence units
Measurements
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Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Unit arrangement
Cadence units
Measurements
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Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
‘Although not always very literally,the bulk of the roman capitals used byfifteenth-century printers derive fromtitles employed in the books of thatearlier Renaissance whichCharlemagne had directed in the eightcentury.’Stanley Morison, Fra Luca de Pacioli of Borgo S. Sepolcro (1933)
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Measurements
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Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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Epilogue
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Measurements
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Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
� 20
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Epilogue
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Epilog
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Set letters
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Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Measurements
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Set letters
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Epilogue
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Epilogue
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Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Epilogue
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Epilogue
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Measurements
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Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Epilogue
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Epilogue
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Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Epilogue
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Measurements
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Epilogue
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Epilogue
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Measurements
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Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
omibue fence posting
omibuefence posting/unit correction 16 n-units
omibuefence posting/unit correction 32 n-units
omibue Adobe Jenson fitting
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Cadence units
Measurements
Reproducing
Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
Cadence_units arrangement
1 A 1 (left and right from x-axis extreme)8 B 3 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)3 C 2 (left and right from x-axis extreme)8 D 3 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)8 E 2 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)8 F 2 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)3 G 6 (left from x-axis extreme and right from stem)8 H 8 (left and right from stem)8 I 8 (left and right from stem)6 J 6 (left and right from stem)8 K 1 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)8 L 2 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)8 M 8 (left and right from stem)8 N 8 (left and right from stem)3 O 3 (left and right from x-axis extreme)8 P 2 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)3 Q 3 (left and right from x-axis extreme)8 R 1 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)3 S 3 (left and right from x-axis extreme)1 T 1 (left and right from x-axis extreme)6 U 6 (left and right from stem)1 V 1 (left and right from x-axis extreme)1 W 1 (left and right from x-axis extreme)1 X 1 (left and right from x-axis extreme)1 Y 1 (left and right from x-axis extreme)2 Z 2 (left and right from x-axis extreme)
Note: the only area which counts, is within the x-height / the capital spaces are lc + 1
32 n-units / capitals stems and bowls like lower case plus 1 (except for A, K-right, V,V,X,Y)
2 a 6 (left and right from x-axis extreme, right from stem)5 b 2 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)2 c 1 (left and right from x-axis extreme)2 d 6 (left and right from x-axis extreme, right from stem)2 e 1 (left and right from x-axis extreme)6 f 1 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)2 g 1 (left and right from x-axis extreme)6 h 6 (left and right from stem)6 i 6 (left and right from stem)6 j 5 (left and right from stem)6 k 1 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)6 l 6 (left and right from stem)6 m 6 (left and right from stem)6 n 6 (left and right from stem)2 o 2 (left and right from x-axis extreme)6 p 2 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)2 q 5 (left from x-axis, right from stem)6 r 1 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)3 s 3 (left and right from x-axis extreme)5 t 1 (left from stem, right from x-axis extreme)5 u 5 (left and right from stem)1 v 1 (left and right from x-axis extreme)1 w 1 (left and right from x-axis extreme)1 x 1 (left and right from x-axis extreme)1 y 1 (left and right from x-axis extreme)2 z 2 (left and right from x-axis extreme)3 . 3 (left and right from x-axis extreme)3 , 3 (left and right from x-axis extreme)
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Unit arrangement
Cadence units
Measurements
Reproducing
Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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Original: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzThe invention of printing from movable types was one of the chief events affecting the his-tory of European civilization. The task of duplicating texts without variance was impossiblebefore Gutenberg equiped the scholar with the accuracy of type. Prejudiced connoisseurs inthe fifteenth century deplored the new mass production of books, but men of letters eagerly hailed the printing press as a method of disseminating knowledge in permanent form; andthe earliest printed books soon rivalled in beauty, as they superseded in economy, the fine manuscripts of their day. The invention of Printing from movable types was one of the chief
Cadence: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzThe invention of printing from movable types was one of the chief events affecting the historyof European civilization. The task of duplicating texts without variance was impossible beforeGutenberg equiped the scholar with the accuracy of type. Prejudiced connoisseurs in thefifteenth century deplored the new mass production of books, but men of letters eagerly hailed the printing press as a method of disseminating knowledge in permanent form; and theearliest printed books soon rivalled in beauty, as they superseded in economy, the fine manuscripts of their day. The invention of Printing from movable types was one of the chief
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Epilogue
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Cadence units
Measurements
Reproducing
Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Epilogue
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Epilogue
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Systemization
Epilogue
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Cadence: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzThe invention of printing from movable types was one of the chief events affecting the historyof European civilization. The task of duplicating texts without variance was impossible beforeGutenberg equiped the scholar with the accuracy of type. Prejudiced connoisseurs in thefifteenth century deplored the new mass production of books, but men of letters eagerly hailedthe printing press as a method of disseminating knowledge in permanent form; and the earliest printed books soon rivalled in beauty, as they superseded in economy, the fine manuscripts of their day. The invention of Printing from movable types was one of the chief
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Unit arrangement
Cadence units
Measurements
Reproducing
Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Cadence units
Measurements
Reproducing
Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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Measurements
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Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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Monotype Bembo: factory spacing
Monotype Bembo: cadence units spacing
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Measurements
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Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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Swi�: factory spacing
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Measurements
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Epilogue
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Documenta: factory spacing
Documenta: cadence units spacing
Documenta: Kernus spacing
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Epilogue
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Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
‘Conditioning is based on conventionsand subsequently conditioning preser-ves conventions. Thus the snake bitesits own tail; to able to use one’s ‘eye’one has to be educated to look at typein the same way.’feb, Modeldoctrine (1987 – 2011)
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Measurements
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Set letters
Systemization
Epilogue
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t h e m y t h i c a l e y e o f t h e t y p e d e s i g n e r
The mythical eye of the type designer
(Harmonics, patterns and dynamics in formal typographicrepresentations of the Latin script | The regularization,standardization, systematization, and unitization of roman typesince its Renaissance origin until the Romain du Roi)