museums and the participation paradigm

museums andthe participation paradigm

Peter van MenschZagreb

25 May 2010

society

society

heritage

functions

institutions

heritage

functions

institution

society

basic parameters

heritage

functions

institution

society

conceptualising heritage institutions

heritage

functions

institution

society

constraints

internal external

institutional

historical social

professional

heritage

functions

institution

society

constraints

internal external

institutional

historical social

professional

axis of tradition and renewal

• Professional discourse• “Authorative Heritage Discourse”

Laurajane Smith 2007• Paradigm shifts

Who decides?

founders

curators users

private collectors

curators users

institutionalisation

private collectors

curators users

institutionalisationprofessionalisation

government

curators users

professional autonomie

foundersboard members

curatorsprofessionals

users

re-conceptualising audiences



users




visitorsconsumersguestscustomers

Joseph Pine

The experience economy (1999)

21

Commodities

Services

Goods

CompetitivePosition

Differentiated

Undifferentiated

Market PremiumPricing

Needs of Customers

Relevant to

Irrelevant to

Economic Choices

© 1999 Strategic Horizons LLP

Transformations

Experiences

Progression of economic value


• Ready to pick coffee bean € 0,002


• Roasted coffee bean €0,005


• Mug of home brewed coffee €0,10


• Coffee bought at a train station’s kiosk € 1,50


• Cappuccino in grand-café € 2,50


• Cappuccino on Cathedral Square, central Florence > € 4,50

29

Commodities

Services

Goods

CompetitivePosition

Differentiated

Undifferentiated

Market PremiumPricing

Needs of Customers

Relevant to

Irrelevant to

Economic Choices

© 1999 Strategic Horizons LLP

Transformations

Experiences


Authenticity (2007)

Inspiring LearningAN IMPROVEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR MUSEUMS, LIBRARIES AND ARCHIVES

http://www.inspiringlearningforall.gov.uk/

2004

Learning

• Learning is a process of active engagement with experience

• It is what people do when they want to make sense of the world

• It may involve the development or deepening of skills, knowledge, understanding, values, ideas and feelings

• Effective learning leads to change, development and the desire to learn more

Generic Learning Outcomes


Knowledge and Understanding• Knowing what or about something• Learning facts or information• Making sense of something• Deepening understanding• How museums, libraries and archives operate• Making links and relationships between things


Skills• Knowing how to do something• Being able to do new things• Intellectual skills• Information management skills• Social skills• Communication skills• Physical skills

Generic Learning OutcomesAttitudes and Values• Feelings• Perceptions• Opinions about ourselves (eg self esteem)• Opinions or attitudes towards other people• Increased capacity for tolerance• Empathy• Increased motivation• Attitudes towards an organisation (eg a museum,

archive or library)• Positive and negative attitudes in relation to an

experience


Enjoyment, inspiration, creativity• Having fun, • being surprised • Innovative thoughts, • Creativity• Exploration, experimentation and making.• Being inspired


Activity, behaviour, progression• What people do• What people intend to do• What people have done • Reported or observed actions• A change in the way that people manage their lives

Generic Social Outcomes


Stronger & Safer Communities• Improving group and inter-group dialogue and

understanding• Supporting cultural diversity and identity• Encouraging familial ties and relationships• Tackling the fear of crime and anti-social behaviour• Contributing to crime prevention and reduction


Strengthening Public Life• Encouraging and supporting awareness and

participation in local decision-making and wider civic and political engagement

• Building the capacity of community and voluntary groups

• Providing safe, inclusive and trusted public spaces• Enabling community empowerment through the

awareness of rights, benefits and external services• Improving the responsiveness of services to the needs

of the local community, including other stakeholders


Health & Well Being• Encouraging healthy lifestyles and contributing to

mental and physical well being• Supporting care and recovery• Supporting older people to live independent lives• Helping children and young people to enjoy life and

make a positive contribution

• Experience• Transformational experience• Authenticity• Learning• Social activism• Social inclusion

Richard Sandell

social inclusion

• Access• Representation• Participation

Tyne & Wear Museums and Archive

Our mission is to help people determine their place in the world and define their identities, so enhancing their self-respect and their respect for others.

Our vision for the future is for everyone to have access to museum provision in Tyne and Wear, to use this access and to value it for the significant and positive impact that it makes upon their lives. We will provide real or virtual, worldwide access to our museums and their collections.

• We make a positive difference to people's lives

• We inspire and challenge people to explore their world and open up new horizons

• We are a powerful learning resource for people of all ages, needs and backgrounds

• We act as an agent of economic regeneration and help build and develop communities and the aspirations of individuals

• We are fully accountable to our stakeholders and users

• Our resources should be accessible to everyone




usersparticipantsco-creators

• Web 2.0Tim O’Reilly 2004

web 2.0

• Community of connected users• The network as platform• Harnessing collective intelligence• User generated content

• Museum 2.0

participation or involvement?


curatorsfacilitators

communities of users

participatory paradigm

society

heritage

functions

institutions

Council of Europe 2005Framework Convention on the Value of Cultural Heritage for Society (Faro Convention)

Council of Europe 2005Framework Convention on the Value of Cultural Heritage for Society (Faro Convention)

ratified by Croatia 6/6/2007

a heritage community consists of people who value specific aspects of cultural heritage which they wish, within the framework of public action, to sustain and transmit to future generations.

• Mobile heritage• Computer heritage• Musical heritage

Who decides?

founders

curators users

museums and the participation paradigm

Education