municipal waste management in lithuania · lithuania • area - 65,300 km2 • population –2,94...
TRANSCRIPT
Municipal waste management in Lithuania
The President of
Lithuanian Municipal Services and Waste Management
Association
Raminta Radavičienė
Taking Waste Management into the future
Municipal Waste Europe Conference in Brussels
3 December, 2014
About Association
• Founded in 1996;
• 36 members (legal persons)
Main activities: waste management, public cleaning, street maintenance, surface
water drainage system maintenance
• The annual turnover of all members in 2013 - 128
342 637 EUR;
• In 2013 the members had 4426 employees.
The members are acting in the territories of 46 municipalities (from 60)
Lithuania
• Area - 65,300 km2
• Population – 2,94 million
(67 % urban)
• The territory of Lithuania
is divided into 10
counties. Counties are
subdivided into 60
municipalities
• Member of EU since 1
May, 2004
• 1,3 mln. tones of MSW
Statistics
Municipal waste generation and
landfilling, kg p/c
Municipal waste treatment in 2012
Municipal waste management service
coverage
ISPA/Cohesion Policy Funding for waste-
related projects, 2000-2013
Total: 362.03 mln. EUR
European Commission, Funding needs for the Waste Sector. Final Report, 2 February 2011, p. 8.
EU
R p
/c
National waste management plans
Regional Waste Management Systems
10 Regional Waste Management Centers founded and owned by the municipalities of
each region (the first in 2001; the last in 2005)
Development of waste management systems
• Construction of new regional landfills for
municipal waste (11)
• Closure of old landfills and dumpsites (808)
• Construction of transfer stations (in some
regions) (5)
• Construction of recycling stations / civic amenity
sites (CAS) in municipalities (123)
• Construction of composting facilities for green
waste in municipalities (54)
Biodegradable waste management
• Construction of mechanical and biological treatment plants for
municipal waste and containers for separate collection and home
composting (151 mln EUR)
MSW treatment infrastructure
Landfill
MBT plants
Mechanical treatment
plant
Biological treatment plant
WtE plants
?
?
„Biodegradable waste management“ projects
Region EU support
for MBT, mln.
EUR
Mechanical
treatment, t
Biological
treatment
Containers/
composting
Type of biological
treatment
Alytus 14.4 65.702 20.000 6.000 Anaerobic digestion
Kaunas34.4
20.000
220.000
10.000
100.00030.000
Composting
Klaipėda 10.5 75.000 - 10.000 -
Marijampolė 10.5 65.000 32.000 14.000 Composting
Panevėžys 11.1 86.470 22.000 6300 Anaerobic digestion
Šiauliai 6.7 50.000 20.000 20.120 Composting
Tauragė 2.7 - 6.000 47.800 Composting
Telšiai 9.5 50.000 20.000 10.200 Anaerobic digestion
Utena 12 45.200 15.000 6.000 Anaerobic digestion
Vilnius 34,4 250.000 180.000 51.000 Biodrying
Total 146,4 927.372 425.000 201.420
„Biodegradable waste management“ projects
Key milestones:
• Regulation on financing conditions – March
2010
• Feasibility studies in June – September 2010
• Tendering during 2011-2013 (2-3 times in each
region)
• Contracts for MBT construction signed in 2013
• Most of construction permits issued only in
September/October 2014
• Deadline – September 2015
Operation of MBT plants: role of private
sector
• Goal – to ensure a level playing field
across market participants, to avoid
distortions and maximise efficiency
• Precondition of EU funding: operation of
MBTs should be subcontracted
• New pre-condition for EU funding since 4
March, 2013: tenders for construction and
operation of MBTs should be organised
together
Quality of “Biodegradable waste management“
projects
The quality of MBT projects negatively affected by:
• the late approval of project financing conditions and a
list of state projects
• short deadlines for submission of applications and
feasibility studies
• problems with public procurement for the selection of
external consultants
• poorly defined and unclear requirements for projects
• limited knowledge and experience in the creation of
biodegradable waste infrastructure
• the absence of a clear strategy for the creation of
biodegradable waste treatment capacities at the national
levelSource: Evaluation of the Efficiency of the EU Support to Waste Management in Lithuania and Identification
of Financing Priorities for 2014-2020 (September 2014)
Possible problems in the future
• Achievement of WM targets: the reduction
of amount landfilled might not be achieved:• organic output from MBT cannot be used as compost for
agricultural use (quality and application is not clear)
• limited possibilities for RDF valorisation
• High operational costs (private operators do
not take a risk)
• Lower incomes from recyclables (effects of
deposit scheme and extensive separate
collection not foreseen)
Klaipeda Waste-to-Energy plant
• FORTUM HEAT Klaipeda
• Total investment: 126 mln. EUR
Klaipeda WtE project overview
Technical details
• 20 MWe
• 50 MWth + 15 MWth
from flue gas condenser
• Firing capacity :
• 34 t/h (9 MJ/kg)
• 230.000 t/a
• Production
– 120 GWh electricity
– 380 GWh heat
Key milestones
• Environmental Impact
Assessment June 2009
• Start of construction at the
site 1.3.2011
• First firing by natural gas
30.11.2012
• First firing by waste
17.1.2013
• First synchronization with
the grid 26.2.2013
• Inauguration 15.5.2013
RDF at cement kilns
• „Akmenes cementas” is investing €101.5 mln into
construction of new „dry process“ production line
• 150 thous. tones of RDF could be utilised
Private sector investment: Sorting lines at
landfills
Producer responsibility: separate collection of
packaging waste
• Containers for separate collection of packaging
waste• + PICK-UP SYSTEM (from individual houses)
• 240 l for paper/plastic waste
• 120 l for glass waste
• Bags
• + Bring system (from individual houses)
• for paper (blue)
• for glass (green)
• for mixed plastics/metal/ drinking
packages (yellow)
Contracts between municipalities and PROs
Main priorities and direction in 2014-2020
Reduce amount of biodegradable waste going to landfill;
Ensure implementation of waste hierarchy;
Expand separate waste collection system;
Ensure universality of high quality waste management services.
National waste management plan for 2014-2020
• Tasks for municipalities:
– landfilling of municipal biodegradable waste in 2020:
35 % of 2000
– Recovery of municipal waste not less than 45 % of
municipal waste by 2016
– Recovery of municipal waste not less than 65 % of
municipal waste by 2020
– Preparation for reuse and recycling of not less than
50 % of municipal paper, glass, plastic and metal waste
by 2020
– Separate collection of food waste from 2019
Economic instruments
• Charges for municipal waste:• - waste tariff (payment by contract between waste holder and waste
management company)
• - local tax (money goes to the budget of municipalities)
• Payment under the contract is applied in ≈1/3 ofmunicipalities; Local tax is applied in ≈2/3 ofmunicipalities;
•Tax on environmental pollution with product andpackaging waste, administrative liability, othermeasures laid down in laws (Producer’sresponsibility principle)
Next steps: Economic instruments
Waste 2016 2017 2018 2019 From
2020
Non hazardous waste 21,72 27,51 33,31 39,10 44,89
Inert waste 7,24 13,03 18,83 24,62 30,41
Hazardous waste 47,79 53,58 59,37 65,16 70,96
• Landfill tax (Law on Environmental Pollution Taxesadopted November 2014)
• Deposit scheme for beverage from 2016 (Law onPackaging and Packaging Waste adopted March 2014)
• PAYT schemes (national methodology adopted inJuly 2013; come in force in 2016?)
Questions on WM infrastructure and investment
needs
• Waste to Energy plants:
• State control: state has to own at least 51 % of shares and
municipal waste several regions has to be incinerated
(February 2014)
• Lithuania Energy develops projects in Vilnius and Kaunas:
selection of partners (18 applications from 8 countries)
• What capacity?
• Food waste:
• Do we need additional investment into biological treatment
infrastructure?
• Where and how to start separate collection of food waste?
• Separate collection of recyclables and producer
responsibility principle
Key issues and lessons learned
Key issues and lessons learned (1)
• EU funding has played an important role in the development
of critical infrastructure for municipal waste management
• Local and regional authorities are responsible for waste
management, but not always directly responsible for the
fulfilment of EU targets and obligations
• Waste management investments were not planned at national
level and technological decisions might be not optimal
• MBT does not necessary ensure meeting EU waste
management targets
Key issues and lessons learned (2)
• Polluter pays principle should be implemented, however
tariffs for waste management services are constrained by
affordability and political acceptability
• Application of administration and economic instruments is
essential to start shifting waste from landfills
• Awareness raising efforts and time is needed to increase
separate collection of clean recyclables, municipalities and
producers have to ensure accessibility of separate
collection service
