multidisciplinary engineering senior design project 06606 underwater rov preliminary design review...
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Multidisciplinary Engineering Senior Design
Project 06606 Underwater ROV Preliminary Design Review
11/11/05
Project Sponsor: Daniel Scoville
Team Members: Josh Figler, Chris Nassar, Matt Paluch, Antoine Joly, Jason Caulk, Scott Gerenser, Larry Shaver, Daniel
Scoville
Team Mentor: Prof. Walter
Kate Gleason College of EngineeringRochester Institute of Technology
ROV Project Overview
Goal• Construct an underwater vehicle capable of
diving 400 ft deep to video an underwater shipwreck from the mid 1800’s in Lake Ontario
Side Scan Sonar Images of the Wreck
Major Project Needs
• Vehicle movement joystick controlled• Vehicle speed must be variable • Minimum tether diameter to reduce drag• Temp and depth data returned to operator• 400ft operating depth• 4.5°C operating environment• Vehicle must be deployable by at most two
people
The Design Process
• Develop needs assessment• Create preliminary concepts• Assess concept feasibility• Determine project schedule (Gantt chart)
Objective Tree
Key Requirements & Critical Parameters
• Total cost less than $3000• Finish within 20 weeks• Doesn’t leak• Can send video to boat• Controlled from boat• Recoverable in emergency situation• Reliable communications• Able to illuminate at least 20 ft in clear water• Measures and relays current depth
Overall System Diagram/Block Diagram
ROV User Interface
• The ROV user interface is going to be implemented using Qt 4 which is a complete C++ Application framework for building GUI’s.
• The design of the GUI is such that there is one main window with several “Groups” of information that can be easily removed, added, changed, moved and resized within the code.
• The GUI displays information to the user that is required in order to control the ROV underwater. Some of the information displayed is:
– Depth– Temperature– Pressure
• The layout of the interface has already been determined and created and now needs to interact with the MCU which is on board the ROV. Most of this will be completed during the early parts of SD 2.
ROV User Interface
• There are several highly desirable features that would be useful and convenient to have on the GUI. Some of these features are:
– To have live video from the ROV fed directly to the GUI.– Speed Reporting.– Light selection to maximize power efficiency.– Some form of error reporting for the different components of the ROV.
• Due to constraints such as time, some of the desirable features will most likely have to be omitted. However, this is something that could easily be followed up on in the future.
• The GUI will have an “Admin” mode for the purposes of debugging and to follow the general theme for designing for testability.
• Designing for testability is one of the most important concepts that have and will continue to lead the design of the GUI for the ROV.
• Finally, a key feature of the GUI is that it will be portable between operating systems should the owner ever switch or update the machine he uses to run the ROV.
The RIT ROV Display
Communications
• One fiber optic line (approximately 3mm diameter) will be multiplexed to include one video line and up to five data lines.
• Prizm Inc’s Micromux will multiplex the video and data lines into the fiber optic line and de-multiplex the signals on the other end.
Microcontroller Requirements
• 16 GPIO• Low error baud rate generation• UART capable of RS232 interrupt driven communication• Real time clock with at least 10ms resolution for polling• PWM generation in the 1-10kHz band with a minimum of
8-bit resolution• Analog to digital conversion with a minimum of 8-bit
resolution from 0-5V
VCC
Motor 3 Fwd PWM
Analog Temp In
Analog Compass Sin In
0
*Camera Servo PWM
VCC
Motor 2 Rev PWM
C2
20pf
Analog Pressure In
Y115.36MHz
Motor 4 Rev PWM
Motor 2 Fwd PWM
MCU TX
Cam Select 2
C1
20pf
IC1
ATmega128
1011121314151617
3536373839404142
2526272829303132
23456789
5455565758596061
4445464748495051
3334431819
64
62
20
1
24
23
21 5222 53 63
PB0 (SS)PB1 (SCK)PB2 (MOSI)PB3 (MISO)PB4 (OC0)PB5 (OC1A)PB6 (OC1B)PB7 (OC2/OC1C)
PC0 (A8)PC1 (A9)PC2 (A10)PC3 (A11)PC4 (A12)PC5 (A13)PC6 (A14)PC7 (A15)
(SCL/INT0) PD0(SDA/INT1) PD1
(RxD1/INT2) PD2(TxD1/INT3) PD3
(IC1) PD4(XCK1) PD5
(T1) PD6(T2) PD7
(RxD0/PDI) PE0(TxD0/PDO) PE1(XCL0/AIN0) PE2
(OC3A/AIN1) PE3(OC3B/INT4) PE4(OC3C/INT5) PE5
(T3/INT6) PE6(IC3/INT7) PE7
(TDI/ADC7) PF7(TDO/ADC6) PF6(TMS/ADC5) PF5(TCK/ADC4) PF4
(ADC3) PF3(ADC2) PF2(ADC1) PF1(ADC0) PF0
PA7 (AD7)PA6 (AD6)PA5 (AD5)PA4 (AD4)PA3 (AD3)PA2 (AD2)PA1 (AD1)PA0 (AD0)
(WR) PG0(RD) PG1
(ALE) PG2(TOSC2) PG3(TOSC1) PG4
AVCC
AREF
RESET
PEN
XTAL1
XTAL2
VCC
VCC
GND
GND
GND
0
Motor 4 Fwd PWM
Motor 1 Rev PWM
Analog Compass Cos In
Cam Select 1
Motor 3 Rev PWM
Motor 1 Fwd PWM
MCU RX
Atmel AVR ATMega128L
• 2 – 16 bit compare timers with 3 compare modules each. These timers can be used for PWM generation. 7.5kHz can be generated using the clock frequency/8 with 8 bit resolution.
• Built in A/D converter with 10-bit resolution. Only 8-bit resolution is required by the pressure and temperature inputs.
• Built in differential A/D input. This option may be useful for finding the times when the navigational sinusoids cross.
• 15.36 MHz Crystal allows even baud rate generation (0% error for 9600 baud).
• Real-time clock with 1ms resolution attainable (60 overflows of the 8 bit timer)
• Real-time clock with 10ms resolution attainable (capture at clock counter = 150, clock prescaler of 1024). Much more real-time efficient with only 1 capture event required.
Pressure sensor
MSP 800 Series – MSI SENSORS
Hydrostatic pressure Depth
1 bar 10 meters
2 bars 20 meters
3 bars 30 meters
4 bars 40 meters
and so on …
When the ROV is 122 meters (400 feet) undersea level, the hydrostatic pressure will be equal to:
output voltage ofthe pressure sensor
hydrostatic pressure
Phydro_max = 12.2 bars = 176.9 PSI
0.5V 4.5V
MSP 800 Series – MSI SENSORS
RTD : Resistance Temperature Detector
Temperature probe
resistance ofthe probe
temperature
Temperature sensorWheatstone bridge
)()(2
5RRTD
RTDRVVV BAAB
What we would like is to have VAB = 0 when T=0°C.
For that we need to choose R = RTD(T=0°C).
Compass
Dinsmore R16552 axis analog compass
H-Bridge Concept• When high side (left) and low side (right)
are closed motor operates forward.
• When high side (right) and low
side (left) are closed motor operates
in reverse.
• Closing both switches on one
side is forbidden (causes short).
Our H-bridge Schematic
HI
V124Vdc
R7
10k
Q22N3904
R8
10k
R110k
R310k
R5
10k
Q5STP12PF06
Q4STF20NF06
R410k
Q3STF20NF06
Q12N3904
R210k
MOTOR
R6
10k
0
Q6STP12PF06
0
0
0
LO
Speed Control using PWM
• Pulse width modulation (PWM) is a powerful technique for controlling analog circuits with a microprocessor's digital outputs.
• By controlling analog circuits digitally, system costs and power consumption can be drastically reduced.
Prototype H-Bridge
Power?
Evaluate each additional concept against the
baseline, score each attribute as: 1 = much
worse than baseline concept 2 = worse than
baseline 3 = same as baseline 4 = better than
baseline 5= much better than baseline
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OV
Suffi cient Team Member Skills? 4.0 4.0 2.0 1.0 4.0
Suffi cient Available Equipment? 5.0 5.0 4.5 1.0 5.0
Cost of Materials? 3.0 4.0 3.0 1.0 4.5
Cost of Purchased Components? 3.0 4.0 4.0 1.0 4.0
Complete by end of Winter Quarter? 3.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 2.0
Make Repeated Sequential Dives? 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 1.0
Manufacturing Technologies Needed? 3.0 3.0 3.0 1.0 3.0
Cool Technology for Excitement? 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 2.0
Adheres to Laws and Regulations? 5.0 5.0 4.0 1.0 1.0
Will Produce a Quality Product to Satisfy Sponsor? 5.0 5.0 4.0 2.0 1.0
Mean Score 3.8 4.0 3.5 1.9 2.8
Normalized Score 95.0% 100.0% 86.3% 47.5% 68.8%
And the winner is…….
• Batteries proved to be the more feasible choice.• Donation of tether without power cable makes
decision easy.
Battery Type
• Chose NiMH D-cells based on price and power to size ratio.
• Li too expensive for our budget.• Pb Acid too heavy.• NiCd not enough power.
Power Consumption
• Batteries packs will provide 24V and 10 amp hours. Approx. 240W/hr.
• Motors draw average 4 amps running at 24V. Each motor will draw 96 Watts.
• Only two motors on at the same time, therefore 192W total needed.
• Will run for over an hour on one battery pack. We have two.
• All other electronics will run off a separate 12V supply.
Lights and Video
•10 Watt HID Lamps
•6000K color Temp
•450 Face Lumens
•16 Deg. Beam Divergence
•Resolution 460 lines
•12 Volt supply
•110 milliamp power consumption
Multiplexer Board Schematic
ROV Frame
Light Housing
Fixed Camera Assembly
Tilting Camera Design Concept(To be finalized when RC servo is received)
Battery Enclosure
Electronics Housing
Overall Design: Putting the pieces together
ROV Sub System Donations Team Cost
Top Side Control $ 7,000.00 $ 92.73
Video Multiplexer Board $ 4.75 $ 1.03
Motor Driver Board $ 1,310.00 $ 1,378.68
Video and Lights $ 831.96 $ 252.47
Underwater light housing $ - $ 90.79
Underwater Video Camera housing $ - $ 55.44
Electronics housing $ - $ 69.94
Frame $ 100.00
Battery Housing $ 110.62
Sensors $ 125.00 $ 67.28
Bottom side Controls $ 94.05 $ 1.52
Power Source $ - $ 507.50
$ 9,365.76 $2,728.00
Anticipated Design Challenges/Risk
• Time• Budget• Integrating systems
SD II Project Plan
• Develop test plan• Complete construction with ample time for
testing• Use holiday breaks to get a head start on
physical construction
Questions
?
System Schematic