muammar fathi bin mustaring

BASIC SUBJECT SPM (BaSSPM) SYSTEM USING

INDEXING TECHNIQUE

MUAMMAR FATHI BIN MUSTARING

BACHELOR OF COMPUTER SCIENCE (SOFTWARE

DEVELOPMENT) WITH HONOURS

UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN

2021

BASIC SUBJECT SPM (BaSSPM) SYSTEM USING INDEXING

TECHNIQUE

MUAMMAR FATHI BIN MUSTARING

BACHELOR OF COMPUTER SCIENCE (SOFTWARE

DEVELOPMENT) WITH HONOURS

Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin

2021

i

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the report is based on my original work except for quotations and

citations, which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has not been

previously or concurrently submitted for any other degree at Universiti Sultan Zainal

Abidin or other institutions.

_______________________________

Name: Muammar Fathi Bin Mustaring

Date:

ii

CONFIRMATION

This is to confirm that this project entitled BaSSPM System using Indexing Technique

was prepared and submitted by Muammar Fathi Bin Mustaring and has been

satisfactory in term of scope, quality and presentation as partial fulfilment of

requirement for the Bachelor of Computer Science (Software Development) with

Honours in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin. The research conducted and the writing

of this report was under my supervisor.

_______________________________

Name: Puan Rohana Binti Ismail

Date:

iii

DEDICATION

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful.

Alhamdulillah, I thank God for His grace and grace, I can prepare and complete this

report successfully.

First of all, I would like to give my special gratitude to my supervisor, Puan Rohana

Binti Ismail who has always give ideas and help me a lot in completing this draft project

report.

Besides, my gratitude is also to my colleagues who share ideas, opinions, knowledge,

and reminders. They helped me answer every question that was important to me in

completing this report.

Thanks also to my beloved mother and father always support and motivated me to

prepare for this report for Final Year Project.

I would like to take the opportunity to thank all lecturers of the Informatics and

Computing Faculty for their attention, guidance, and advice in helping and sharing ideas

and opinions in making this report successful.

May Allah SWT bless all the efforts that have been given in completing this

report.

Thank you.

iv

ABSTRACT

On this pandemic situation, it’s really hard for SPM student to study since the school is

close. The system that will be develop will help student on their learning process.

“BaSSPM” system is a web-based system that provide some learning resource, past year

SPM question, Quiz and so on that will help the student to prepare for the SPM

examination. This system cover all the basic SPM subject that will be taken on SPM

examination. On this system, teacher and student can interact with each other through

the quiz that will be provided on the system. Teacher can review student answer and

leave a note so that student can learn why their answer are wrong. This system will

provide all kind of learning resource for student such as Slide Presentation, Video and

so on. The resource will be categorize according to the subject name. Indexing

Technique will be used in this system and the type of indexing that will be use is

keyword indexing. By using this technique, each resource will has their own special

keyword that will be used as the keyword for searching. This will make the resource

easily to be retrieved from the database. The N-gram index which is Bigram will be use

because the process of searching the information from the database can be shorten and

will not take a long time.

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ABSTRAK

Dalam situasi pandemik ini, sangat sukar bagi pelajar SPM untuk belajar kerana

sekolah telah ditutup. Sistem yang akan dibangunkan akan membantu pelajar dalam

proses pembelajaran mereka. Sistem "BaSSPM" adalah sistem berasaskan web yang

menyediakan beberapa sumber pembelajaran, soalan SPM tahun-tahun lepas, Kuiz dan

sebagainya yang akan membantu pelajar membuat persediaan untuk menghadapi

peperiksaan SPM. Sistem ini merangkumi semua subjek asas SPM yang akan diambil

dalam peperiksaan SPM. Pada sistem ini, guru dan pelajar dapat berinteraksi antara

satu sama lain melalui kuiz yang akan disediakan di sistem. Guru boleh menyemak

jawapan pelajar dan meninggalkan nota supaya pelajar dapat mengetahui mengapa

jawapan mereka salah. Sistem ini menyediakan semua jenis sumber pembelajaran

untuk pelajar seperti Slide Presentation, Video dan sebagainya. Sumber dikategorikan

mengikut nama subjek. Teknik Pengindeksan akan digunakan dalam sistem ini dan jenis

pengindeksan yang akan digunakan adalah pengindeksan kata kunci. Dengan

menggunakan teknik ini, setiap sumber akan mempunyai kata kunci khas mereka sendiri

yang akan digunakan sebagai kata kunci untuk mencari. Ini akan menjadikan sumber

mudah diambil dari pangkalan data. Index N-Gram iaitu Biram akan digunakan kerana

proses prncarian maklumat dari pengkalan data dapat di singkatkan dan tidak akan

mengambil masa yang lama.

vi

CONTENTS

PAGE

DECLARATION i CONFIRMATION ii DEDICATION iii ABSTRACT iv

ABSTRAK v CONTENTS vi LIST OF TABLES viii LIST OF FIGURES ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS x

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 11 1.1 Project Background 11 1.2 Problem Statement 11

1.3 Objectives 12 1.4 Scope 12

1.4.1 Admin 12 1.4.2 Student 12

1.4.3 Teacher 12 1.5 Limitation of Work 13 1.6 Expected Result 13

1.7 Activities, Milestones (Gantt Chart) 13

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 15 2.1 Introduction 15

2.2 Research On Related Research Technique 15

2.3 Research on Existing System 16 2.4 Solution Approach 17

2.4.1 Indexing Technique 18 2.4.2 Algorithms 18

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 20 3.1 Introduction 20 3.2 Methodology 20

3.2.1 Initial Planning Phase 21 3.2.2 Planning Phase 21 3.2.3 Requirement Phase 22 3.2.4 Analysis dan Design Phase 22 3.2.5 Implementation Phase 22

3.2.6 Testing Phase 22 3.2.7 Evaluation Phase 23

3.2.8 Deployment Phase 23 3.3 Project Requirement 23

3.3.1 Software Requirement 23 3.3.2 Hardware Requirement 24

3.4 Framework Design 25

3.5 Context Diagram 26 3.6 Use Case Diagram 27 3.7 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) 28

vii

3.8 Data Dictionary 28

3.8.1 user table 29 3.8.2 user_type table 29 3.8.3 ranking table 29

3.8.4 quiz_result table 29 3.8.5 quiz table 30 3.8.6 quiz_question table 30 3.8.7 resource table 30 3.8.8 paper table 31

3.8.9 slide table 31 3.8.10 video table 31 3.8.11 keyword table 31

REFERENCES 32

viii

LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Title Page

Table 1.1 : Gantt Chart FYP 1 13

Table 1.2 : Gantt Chart FYP 2 14

Table 2.1 : Related research on Indexing Technique 15

Table 2.2 : Research on Existing System 16

Table 3.1 : Software Requirement 23

Table 3.2 : Hardware Requirement 24

Table 3.3 : Table user 29

Table 3.4 : Table user_type 29

Table 3.5 : Table ranking 29

Table 3.6 : Table quiz_result 29

Table 3.7 : Table quiz 30

Table 3.8 : Table quiz_question 30

Table 3.9 : Table resource 30

Table 3.10 : Table paper 31

Table 3.11 : Table slide 31

Table 3.12 : Table video 31

Table 3.13 : Table keyword 31

ix

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Title Page

Figure 1 : Flow Algorithm in Search 19

Figure 2 : Iterative Model 21

Figure 3 : Framework Design Model 25

Figure 4 : Context Diagram (CD) 26

Figure 5 : Use Case Diagram 27

Figure 6 : Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) 28

x

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

CD Context Diagram

ERD Entiti Relationship Diagram

SPM Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia

11

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project Background

Nowadays, the pendamic Covid-19 situation still not been solved which has been

resulted the closed of the school. This situation has infected the educational structure

where the SPM examinations has to be expand making the SPM student worried about

their education process. Futhermore, most of the school already start an online class

either synchronous or asynchronous.

This project aims at developing a web-based system with the aims of helping provide

a lots of resource for SPM student. With the help of the system, SPM student can get

some learning resource such as past year SPM question paper and so on. BaSSPM

system provide the search engine which will help the student to search their specific

resource. The search engine will provide the next keyword that student can type to make

it easy for the system to retrieve the resource from database.

1.2 Problem Statement

Several problem have been discovered during the observation on the current pandemic

situation. Most of the SPM student right now worried about their study since the school

has been close for a long time. Some of them need to pay for tuition just to cover all the

topic and subject on preparation for SPM examination.

Moreover, most of the system provided the huge amount of resources for study make

it difficult to choice the right one that the student want. Most of the student required to

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input the long sentence for example “Past year SPM question for Mathematics subject

2019” on the search column not using the short keyword.

1.3 Objectives

In order to achieve the problem statement aim, the objective of this project are as follow:

To design a user friendly system that can help student prepare for their

SPM examination.

To develop a system that provide a learning resource for all SPM’s

student that take the basic SPM subject.

To test the system functionality if it meet the requirement of the user.

1.4 Scope

The scope of this system are Admin, Student and Teacher.

1.4.1 Admin

- Can view the teacher and student information

- Can add, delete and update the resource

- Can add, delete and update the quiz

1.4.2 Student

- Can update profile.

- Can search for the resource.

- Can participate on a quiz.

1.4.3 Teacher

- Can update profile.

- Can add, delete and update resource

- Can add and update quiz.

13

1.5 Limitation of Work

The system can only provide the resource learning for basic SPM subject which not

included elective subject that some student take.

1.6 Expected Result

This system is expected to provide the resource for the basic SPM subject based on what

user or student need with the implementation of the Indexing technique that will help

resource to be retrieved form the database by using keyword indexing. Each of the

resource has their own special keyword that will be easy to be found when retrieving

the file from the database. This will make the searching process much faster.

1.7 Activities, Milestones (Gantt Chart)

Table 1.1 : Gantt Chart FYP 1

NO. ACTIVITY WEEK

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

1. Final Year Project I Briefing

2. Project Title Proposal

3. Proposal Writing (Chapter

1- introduction)

4. Proposal Writing (Chapter 2

– Literature review)

5. Project Requirement and

Analysis

6. Proposal Progress

Presentation and Panel’s

Evaluation

7. Proposal Writing (Chapter 3

– Methodology)

8. Methodology Workshop

9. Project Interface Design

SEMESTERBREAK

10. Final Year Project Format

Writing Workshop

14

11. Drafting Report of Proposal

12. Submit Draft of Report to

Supervisor

13. Preparation for Final

Presentation

14. Final Presentation and

Panel’s Evaluation

15. Final Report Submission

and Supervisor’s Evaluation

Table 1.2 : Gantt Chart FYP 2

NO. ACTIVITY WEEK

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

1. Project Meeting with

Supervisor

2. Progress Presentation

3. Project Development and

Testing

4. Report Writing (Chapter 4 –

Implementation)

5. Report Writing ( Chapter 4 –

Result)

6. Report Writing (Continued)

7. Report Progress Presentation

and Panel’s Evaluation

SEMESTER

BREAK

8. Report Writing (Chapter 5 –

Conclusion)

9. Final Year Project Format

Writing Workshop

10. Project Evaluation

10. Submit Draft Report to

Supervisor

11. Submit Draft of Report for

Final Presentation

12. Final presentation and Panel’s

Evaluation

13. Final Report Submission and

Supervisor’s Evaluation

15

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

BaSSPM system is a web-based system that provide some learning material for SPM

student such as past year SPM question, video and so on. It was develop to help student

on preparation for the SPM examinations so that student can score high on each basic

SPM subject. Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) is a national examination organized by

Malaysia Examinations Board for student taken normally when their age is at 17 years

old. (Abd Kadir & Adnan, 2016)

Basic SPM subject that every SPM student taken is Bahasa Melayu, English,

Pendidikan Islam, Pendidikan Moral, Sejarah, Mathematics and Science.

2.2 Research On Related Research Technique

Table 2.1 : Related research on Indexing Technique

YEAR AUTHORS TITLE METHOD RESULT

2011 Tayfun Tuna,

Jaspal Subhlok,

Shishir Shah

Indexing and

Keyword Search

to Ease

Navigation in

Lecture Videos

Indexing Technique The student

respond has

been

enthusiastic

both in terms

of the value of

lecture videos

and the

important of

indexing and

search features

16

2.3 Research on Existing System

Table 2.2 : Research on Existing System

TITLE / AUTHOR DESCRIPTION ADVANTAG

E

DISADVAN

TAGE

SISTEM GURU ONLINE

https://www.sistemguruonline

.my/ accessed on 15/11/2020

This website

developed

because of the

difficulty to find

info or important

resource for the

learning session

such as Teaching

Tools,

Examination

Paper, Teaching

Plan and so on.

- Provided all

the complete

resource for

UPSR, PT3

and SPM

student in one

system.

- Hard to

download the

resource

2019 Baofeng Hui Research on

keyword

indexing

algorithms

based on big

data

Indexing Technique Proposed

disordered

keyword

retrieval

algorithms and

ordered

keyword

retrieval

algorithm need

to increase data

set research

and analysis

2020 Daniel Jurafsky,

James H. Martin

N-gram

Language

Models

N-Gram Estimate the

probability of

the last word

of n-gram

given the

previous words

https://www.sistemguruonline.my/

https://www.sistemguruonline.my/

17

MySchoolChildren.com

http://myschoolchildren.com/ accessed on 22/11/2020

This website ia a

WordPress site

dedicated to

Malaysia school

children and

parent which

provided a quick

access to

PMR,SPM and

STPM question

from 3 main

resource which is

Lembaga

Peperiksaan

Malaysia,

Question used by

various states

and question

used by

outstanding

school.

- Provided the

latest

educational

news and PT3,

SPM and

STPM question

-Remind the

important

announcement

about

education

opportunity.

- No search

button or

column at the

home page

- Too much

pop up ads

spmpaper.me

https://spmpaper.me/ accessed on 20/11/2020

This website is

created by

student for

student to

provide the study

resource.

- Provided the

study tips on

how to score

A+ in SPM

-No search

button or

column at the

home page

2.4 Solution Approach

Solution approach is where we explains about the possible approach that will be choose

in this system. In order to find the solutions, we need to identify the approaches whether

it is capable of implement or not. Thus, the technique that will be use is Indexing

Technique.

http://myschoolchildren.com/

https://spmpaper.me/

18

2.4.1 Indexing Technique

In this system, the technique that will be implement is indexing technique. This is

because in this BaSSPM System, the system will need to store a lots of documents,

video in the database. Without an index, the search engine would scan every document

which would require considerable time and computing power. So to use this technique,

keyword indexing method has been choose. Keyword indexing is the process used to

make document findable in database. This method normally used in data mining,

information retrieval and so on.

2.4.2 Algorithms

The propose algorithms is n-grams index. N-gram is a sequence of n word: a 2-gram

(bigram) is a two-word sequence of word like “please turn”, “turn your” or “your

homework”.(Daniel Jurafsky, 2020). This model will be used to estimate the probability

of the last word of an n-gram given the previous words, and also assign probabilities to

entire sequences.

By computing the probability of a word given some history h. Suppose the history is

“past year Mathematics SPM question” and we want to know the probability that the

next word is paper:

P(w|h)

P(paper|past year mathematics SPM question)

P = Probability, w = word, h = history

19

By using the bigram model, we can approximate the probability above :

P(paper|question)

Figure 1 : Flow Algorithm in Search

20

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction

In this project, iterative model have been used for developing the “BaSSPM” system.

The iterative model is part of the software development life cycle (SDLC). Iterative

process start with the development of each small part of the system which then

progressively extended to the complex and the broader feature until the system is finish

developed. The requirement of the system is the key of this method which need to be

understand and defined clearly.

By using the iterative model for develop this system, risk and error can be identified

and resolved during the iteration. Testing and debugging is also easy during the smaller

iteration process. This can make the development process is more effective and low risk

for the final product.

3.2 Methodology

In this project, iterative model have been used for developing the “BaSSPM” system.

The iterative model is part of the software development life cycle (SDLC). Iterative

process start with the development of each small part of the system which then

progressively extended to the complex and the broader feature until the system is finish

developed. The requirement of the system is the key of this method which need to be

understand and defined clearly.

21

By using the iterative model for develop this system, risk and error can be identified

and resolved during the iteration. Testing and debugging is also easy during the smaller

iteration process. This can make the development process is more effective and low risk

for the final product.

Figure 2 : Iterative Model

3.2.1 Initial Planning Phase

The initial planning phase is where the idea of BaSSPM system is generated for a few

reason such as to help provide the learning resource for SPM student.

3.2.2 Planning Phase

In this phase which is planning phase, this is where the brainstorming about the

BaSSPM system occurs such as analyse the problem statement, objective, scope and

limitation of the system.

22

3.2.3 Requirement Phase

The requirement phase is the phase where all the related data about the system are

gathered by referring to the articles, journal, internet and others. This data usually used

as guideline in order to develop the BaSSPM system. Besides, all the learning resource

will be gathered in order to design the system.

3.2.4 Analysis dan Design Phase

Based on the requirement phase, the requirement for BaSSPM system and its data will

be transform into design that follow the required requirement which is build diagram

such as Context Diagram(CD), Data Flow Diagram(DFD), Entity Relationship

Diagram(ERD) and data dictionary. There are three main entities that involved in this

system which are Admin, Teacher and Student.

3.2.5 Implementation Phase

In this implementation phase, this is where the implementation and coding of the system

begin. All the data and requirement will be coded and implemented into this iteration

of the system. The indexing technique will be used when the learning resource will be

insert into the system.

3.2.6 Testing Phase

This phase is where the testing occurs. After the code and implementation done on the

small iteration of the system, the next step is to test the code to identify and locate any

potential bug or issues on the coding.

23

3.2.7 Evaluation Phase

In the evaluation phase, the effectiveness of the implementation and service of the

BaSSPM System using indexing technique were analysed. The effectiveness of the

system will determined whether the process of the system follows the goals and

delivered as it supposed to the user. Thus, tis phase is important to evaluate the

performance of the system.

3.2.8 Deployment Phase

Deployment is the phase where the BaSSPM System are ready to be used by the users.

Hence, the system will be reviewed whether the system meet with the objective in order

to fulfil the user requirement.

3.3 Project Requirement

There are two requirement that needed to develop the system which si software

requirement and hardware requirement. This is important to ensure the development of

the system went well and for future references.

3.3.1 Software Requirement

Table 3.1 : Software Requirement

Software Description

Microsoft Office Word 2013 Documentation of the report

Visual Studio Code Used to code the programme of the project

PHP Programming language

Bootstrap Framework to develop system

24

Google chrome Browser to run the code and searching

information

Click Chart Diagram For design CD and Use Case

Visual Paradigm For desing ERD

phpMyAdmin For sytem database

3.3.2 Hardware Requirement

Table 3.2 : Hardware Requirement

Hardware Description

Laptop Asus Laptop

Processor Intel® Core(TM) i3-6006U CPU @

2.00GHz 1.99GHz

25

3.4 Framework Design

Figure 3 shows the framework of BaSSPM system. This design shows the flow of the

process of what the user can do with the system. There are 3 main entity which are

Admin, Student and Teacher. For the student, the student can search resource, answer

and view quiz. Teacher and Admin can manage and add resource and add quiz.

Figure 3 : Framework Design Model

26

3.5 Project Requirement

The process or flow of the system is organized in order to make the development process

easier and smoother. The representation data called as conceptual data modelling. It is

used to display the data structure. The data modelling process involves the graphical

representation of the function and also the processes in the system before the

development of the system occurs. Based on BaSSPM System, the Context Diagram

(CD) and Use Case Diagram shows the physical design of the system while the Entity

Relationship Diagram (ERD) act as the logical design of the system.

3.6 Context Diagram

Figure 4 : Context Diagram (CD)

Figure 3 shows that context diagram for BaSSPM System. There are three entities

involved in the system which are Admin, Teacher and Student.

27

3.7 Use Case Diagram

Figure 5 : Use Case Diagram

Figure 4 shows the Use Case of the BaSSPM System. There are three entities used in

this system, Admin, Teacher and Student. This system provide function such as Login,

Retrieve Resource, Manage Resource, Quiz and Ranking as the main function.

28

3.8 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

Figure 6 : Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

Figure 5 shows the Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) for BaSSPM System. This ERD

will show the relationship between entities. There are eleventh table that involved in

this system which is user, user_type, ranking, quiz_result, quiz, quiz_question,

resource, paper, slide, video and keyword

3.9 Data Dictionary

A data dictionary is a file or a set of files that contains a database metadata. The data

dictionary contains records about other objects in the database such as data user, data

relationship to other object and other data.

29

3.9.1 user table

Table 3.3 : Table user

No Name Type Length Key

1 user_id integer 10 PK

2 user_name varchar 50

3 user_username varchar 12

4 user_password varchar 20

5 user_email varchar 50

6 user_school varchar 50

7 user_type integer 10 FK

3.9.2 user_type table

Table 3.4 : Table user_type


1 user_type_id integer 10 PK

2 user_type_name varchar 50

3.9.3 ranking table

Table 3.5 : Table ranking


1 ranking_id integer 10 PK

2 user_id integer 10 FK

3 quiz_result integer 10

4 subject_name varchar 20

5 quiz_time varchar 50

3.9.4 quiz_result table

Table 3.6 : Table quiz_result


1 Qresult_id integer 10 PK

2 Qresult_total integer 3

4 Qresult_time varchar 50

30

4 user_id integer 10 FK

5 quiz_id integer 10 FK

3.9.5 quiz table

Table 3.7 : Table quiz


1 quiz_id integer 10 PK

2 quiz_name varchar 255

3.9.6 quiz_question table

Table 3.8 : Table quiz_question


1 Qquestion_id integer 10 PK

2 Qquestion_name varchar 255

3 Qquestion_detail varchar 255

4 quiz_id integer 10 FK

5 Qquestion_ansA varchar 50

6 Qquestion_ansB varchar 50

7 Qquestion_ansC varchar 50

8 Qquestion_ansD varchar 50

9 Qquestion_realAns varchar 1

3.9.7 resource table

Table 3.9 : Table resource


1 resource_id integer 10 PK

2 resource_name varchar 50

3 resource_type varchar 50

4 paper_id integer 10 FK

5 slide_id integer 10 FK

6 video_id integer 10 FK

31

3.9.8 paper table

Table 3.10 : Table paper


1 paper_id integer 10 PK

2 paper_name varchar 50

3 paper_subject varchar 20

4 paper_year integer 4

5 keyword_id integer 10 FK

3.9.9 slide table

Table 3.11 : Table slide


1 slide_id integer 10 PK

2 slide_name varchar 50

3 slide_subject varchar 20


3.9.10 video table

Table 3.12 : Table video


1 video_id integer 10 PK

2 video_name varchar 50

3 video_link varchar 255


3.9.11 keyword table

Table 3.13 : Table keyword


1 keyword_id integer 10 PK

2 keyword_name varchar 50

32

REFERENCES

Abd Kadir, N. D. N., & Adnan, N. (2016). Temporal geospatial analysis of secondary

school students’ examination performance. IOP Conference Series: Earth and

Environmental Science, 37(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/37/1/012020

Daniel Jurafsky, J. H. M. (2020). N-Gram Language Models N-Gram Language

Models.

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