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1. Sesavali

adamiani, rogorc sasruli gon-ieri arseba, cxovrobs samyaroSi, ro-melic usasruloa yoveli mimarTebiT; am samyaros TiToeul nawilSi, ragind umniSvneloc unda gveCvenebodes igi, aisaxeba mTelis kanonzomiereba. amdenad, yvelaferi yvelaferSia. amis yvelaze TvalsaCino nimuSia Tavad adamiani. amitom Zvelma berZenma moazrovneebma mas mikrokosmosi uwodes. amgvari daS-veba kacobriobis mecnieruli da mso-flmxedvelobrivi azrovnebis mraval-saukunovan gamocdilebas emyareba. Ta-visTavad aq araviTari siZnele ar unda iyos: adamiani Tavisi sasruli gonebiT ikvlevs usasrulo samyaros da misi nebismieri warmatebis SemTxvevaSic, es kvleva usasrulod grZeldeba, radgan nebismieri konkretuli problemis warmatebiT axsna axal problemaTa rigs warmoSobs, rogorc aucilebels ukve axsnilis ukeT gasagebad. es prob-lemebi aqamde ar Candnen kvlevis hori-zontze. amitom sokrates Semdeg imeo-reben mis sityvebs, rom codnis zrda arcodnis zrdacaa, e.i. imis gagebaa, rom imaze gacilebiT meti ram ar gvcodnia, vidre aqamde gvegona. siZnelis sruli gacnobiereba gviCvenebs, rom adamians, cxovelisagan gansxvavebiT, SeuZlia Seimecnos da imoqmedos mxolod ro-gorc msoflmxedvelobis mqonem. mas raRac unda swamdes anda ar swamdes,

anda skeptikosi iyos da fiqrobdes, rom adamiani ueWvelobiT verafers ver daadgens. TiToeul amgvar pozi-cias aqvs arsebobis ufleba da amave dros _ Tavisi gadaulaxavi siZneleebi, romlebic sapirispiro poziciis aseT-save uflebaze miuTiTebs. es ki imas niSnavs, rom usasrulo samyaroSi, usas-rulo siZneleTa winaSe mdgomma ada-mianma sakuTari pozicia unda airCios ise, rom mas sruli mecnieruli anda praqtikuli garantia Tavisi amorCeu-lis sisworisa arasdros eqneba. igi irCevs sakuTari riskiT da pasuxismge-belic Tavad aris am arCevanze.

ase irCevda da irCevs adamiani mso-flmxedvelobas, rogorc Tavis ZiriTad orientirs sazogadoebasa da samyaroSi. am procesSi codnisa da gamocdilebis gverdiT udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs Ta-vad pirovnebas, mis interesebs. amitom ambobda didi germaneli filosofosi i.g. fixte (1762_1814): `ra filosofias airCevs adamiani damokidebulia imaze, Tu ra adamiania igi~.

ramdenadac TiToeuli adamiani Ta-vad irCevs msoflmxedvelobas, es mso-flmxedvelobani iseve gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisagan, rogorc maTi amomrCev-eli adamianebi. magram es araa TviT-neburi arCevani, radgan yvela irCevs mas, rogorc sayovelTao sazoms, ro-gorc TavisTvis, ise sxvebisaTvis. ragind gaunaTlebeli anda egoisti

guram TevzaZe

msoflmxedvelobrivi azrovneba saqarTveloSi da

sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi,

misi uwmidesoba da unetaresoba ilia II

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iyos adamiani, Tavis arCevans igi imaze miTiTebiT amarTlebs, rom qveyana asea mowyobili, anda, rom adamianis buneba aseTia da sxvebi Tu amas ar aRiare-ben, ubralod gulwrfelni ar arian. am daSvebiT TiToeuli adamiani Tavs saerTod kacobriobis warmomadgenlad cnobs [2, 10].

imis mixedviT, Tu adamianis romeli interesia misi arCevanis ganmsazRvreli, (warmosaxviTi, dasabuTebiTi Tu rwmen-iTi) msoflmxedvelobani SeiZleba sam tipad daiyos: miTologiuri, filoso-fiuri da religiuri. nebismieri tipi Seicavs sxvebs, rogorc daqvemdebare-bul elementebs [3, 397_402].

Tanamedrove saqarTveloSi mso-flmxedvelobrivi azrovneba mimdin-areobs yovlismomcveli sekulariza-ciisa da globalizaciis pirobebSi. es axal damatebiT, specifikur siZnelee-bs qmnis Cveni qveynisaTvis, romelsac faqtobrivad ukiduresad aTeisturi sabWoTa reJimis xangrZlivi batonobis tvirTi awevs.

qarTulma orTodoqsulma eklesiam qveynis Tavisuflebis miRebis Semdeg daiwyo sakuTari konstituciuri da istoriuli uflebebis aRdgena. amas, bunebrivad, daemata sxva konfesiebis aqtivoba. globalizaciis politikis garduvalobis gacnobiereba qveyanaSi im siRrmisa ar aRmoCnda, rom sxvadasx-va religiis da nacionalobis saerTo-samomavlo interesebi gamoevlinebina da ama Tu im eris interesebi qveynis interesebisaTvis daeqvemdebarebina. samwuxarod, maT, vinc racionalur da realur safuZvlebs eZebdnen qveynis da erovnebaTa TviTmyofobis gadasar-Cenad, daupirispirdnen nacionaliz-mis apologetebi. meore mxriv, saerTa-Soriso valdebulebebi, romelTa Ses-ruleba uaRresad aucilebelia Cveni qveynisaTvis ase saWiro daxmarebis misaRebad dasavleTis saxelmwifoebi-dan, damatebiT siZneleebs uqmnis mTav-robas. dabolos, unda mieTiTos yvela

sxvis momcvel da yvelaze mniSvnelo-van problemaze, romelic qveynisagan droebiT gamoyofili teritoriebis _ afxazeTis da cxinvalis regionis da-brunebas exeba.

saqarTveloSi yvela aRniSnuli problemis gadasawyvetad, maTi mraval-nairi gamovlinebis gaTvaliswinebiT, iqneba es moraluri Tu politikuri, materialuri, ekonomikuri Tu iurid-iuli, saxelmwifos konstituciuri xelmZRvanelobis gverdiT, sxvadasxva gziTa da saSualebiT daxmarebisa da samarTlis misaRwevad mimarTaven erT adamians _ es aris sruliad saqarT-velos kaTolikos-patriarqi, misi uw-midesoba da unetaresoba ilia meore.

2007 weli uwmidesisa da uneta-resis ilia II aRsaydrebis 30-e welia. gulwrfelad mjera: saqarTveloSi yvela gonieri da gulwrfeli adami-ani Tvlis, rom am xnis ganmavlobaSi, romelic gadatvirTuli iyo qveyni-saTvis cnobili tragikuli movle-nebiT, uwmidesi da unetaresi ilia II naxulobda da naxulobs problemebis maqsimalurad SesaZlebel optimalur gadawyvetas. es exeba ara mxolod im sakiTxebs, romlebic dakavSirebulia qarTul orTodoqsul eklesiasTan, ar-amed saerTod saqarTveloSi religi-uri da moraluri Rirebulebebis ar-sebobasTan da maTi Sinaarsis gaSina-ganebasTan.

amasTan dakavSirebiT winamdebare statiaSi or sakiTxs ganvixilav:

1. kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II da codnisa da rwmenis mimarTebis is gza, romelic daviT aRmaSenebelma (1073_1125) daafuZna saqarTveloSi.

2. Semwynareblobis, ara rogorc mowyalebis, saCuqris anda TanagrZno-bis, aramed, rogorc yvela adamianis sulis Sinagani erTianobis da Tanas-worobis gamomxatvelis gageba.

misi uwmidesobis, ilia II mraval Tanamedroves hqonda da aqvs bedniere-ba masTan piradi mimarTebisa, rac mniS-

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vnelovanwilad gansazRvravs am adam-ianTa saqmianobas da keTilismyoflad moqmedebs maTze. saWirod mimaCnia ori-ode viTareba gavixseno, romelTac Seu-ZliaT garkveuli aspeqtiT mianiSnon mis rolsa da mniSvnelobaze saqarT-veloSi sulier RirebulebaTa Sesaxeb sazogadoebrivi azris formirebis procesSi.

30 wlis win, roca saqarTvelos axali kaTolikos-patriarqis arCevis sakiTxi idga, erTi SexedviT reli-giisadmi saerTod, da gansakuTrebiT qarTuli marTlmadidebeli eklesii-sadmi keTilganwyobili guSindeli `mebrZoli aTeistebi~ rogorc par-tiasa da mTavrobaSi, aseve sazogadoe-bis garkveul nawilSi mniSvnelovan winaaRmdegobas waawydnen. manamde es sakiTxi, SeiZleba iTqvas, problemas ar warmoadgenda. qveynis kaTolikos-pa-triarqs ubralod niSnavdnen partiis miTiTebiT. 1977 wlis arCevnebis dros ki sazogadoebis azris Cveuli ugule-belyofa aRar SeiZleboda. upirveles kandidatad mitropoliti ilia moiaz-reboda. axalgazrda, ganaTlebuli, sanimuSo zneobis da biografiis mqone sulieri meufisagan didi umravlesoba mTavrobaSi da partiaSi religiasTan daaxloebis araoficialurad mimdi-nare procesis oficialur dakanone-bas xedavda. meufe ilia am dros ukve 10 weli cxum-afxazeTis episkoposi iyo. misi da mis TanamoazreTa zneo-brivi gavlenis wvlili didi iyo imaSi, rom dadga dro, roca mravali raikomis mdivani da partkomi gulis jibeSi partbileTs da gulze jvars atarebda. zogierTi `gabeduli~ maT Soris, mavanisadmi piradi ndobis niS-nad, sakinZesac gaixsnida. arc imis gax-seneba aviwydeboda, rom misi mama, biZa Tu babua mRvdeli iyo da amas aqamde malavda. amasTanave, isini intensiurad avrcelebdnen im ambavs, rom II msoflio omis Semdeg stalinsac neba miucia kaTolikos-patriarq kalistrate cin-

caZisaTvis (1866_1952), sikvdilis Sem-TxvevaSi misi sulisTvis paraklisi gadaexada. miuxedavad amisa, partiaSi da mTavrobaSi cota ar iyvnen iseTebi, romlebic miiCnevdnen, rom eklesiisaT-vis amgvari daTmoba mxolod droebiTi taqtikuri svla iyo, risTvisac male moekiTxebodaT imaT, vinc saTanadod ver afasebda `mebrZoli materializ-mis~ Sesaxeb leninis naTel pozicias.

kandidatTa SerCeva umaRles done-ze gasaidumloebuli iyo, magram mainc cnobili gaxda erT-erTi maRali par-tiuli muSakis pozicia: `rac uaresia – miT ukeTesia~, e.i. rac ufro uaresi iqneba(mecnierulad da zneobrivad) momavali patriarqi, miT ukeTesia par-tiisa da saxelmwifosaTvis. es xalxi xedavda, rom Sesaferisi kandidatis arCevis SemTxvevaSi Seiqmneboda did-mniSvnelovani RirebulebiTi centri, romelic `RmerTisa da siyvarulis ga-reSe daRlili~ (misi uwmidesobis si-tyvebia) da dezorientirebuli adamian-ebis sayrdenad gadaiqceoda WeSmariti zneobrivi Rirebulebebis ZiebaSi. Sei-Zleba iTqvas, rom mitropolit ilias saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqad arCeva saqarTveloSi sazogadoebri-vi azris pirveli didi oficialuri gamarjveba iyo.

am didmniSvnelovani faqtis sa-sikeTo Sedegebi male daetyo saqarT-veloSi msoflmxedvelobiT azrovne-bas saerTod da, kerZod, _ mecnierebis da religiis mimarTebas. gaadvilda Teologiur problemebze obieqturi sajaro msjelobebi, `saeWvo~ avtorTa qarTuli Targmanebis gamocema. 1988 wels TbilisSi daarsda sasuliero akademia, saqarTvelos kaTolikos-pa-triarqi am saqmis organizatori da ak-ademiis mudmivi mzrunvelia. 1998 wels saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiasT-an TanamSromlobis Sedegad uwmidesma da unetaresma ilia II daamtkica `deb-uleba saqarTveloSi saRvTismetyvelo mecnierebis dargSi umaRlesi kvalifi-

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kaciis kadrebis momzadebis Sesaxeb~. misi locva-kurTxeviT da monawile-obiT gamodis saRvTismetyvelo Jur-nalebi, krebulebi, imarTeba saerTa-Soriso konferenciebi da a. S.

es procesi sasikeTod Semexo mec, rac araerTxel aRminiSnavs rogorc Cvens, ise ucxoeTis presaSi. saqme exe-boda didi germaneli filosofosis, m. haidegeris mTavari naSromis _ `yofi-ereba da dro~ _ qarTuli Targmanis gamocemas. am naSromis Cemi Targmani prof. T. buaCiZis redaqciiT ramden-ime weli ido sxvadasxva gamomcemlo-baSi. yvela mpirdeboda gamocemas, ma-gram dayovnebis namdvil mizezs aravin meubneboda, kerZod imas, rom am wignis Targmani jer rusulad gamoqveynebu-li ar iyo. es wigni ilia II mxardaWer-iT gamoica. amis Sesaxeb madlobiT aRvniSne kantis VII saerTaSoriso kon-gresisaTvis wardgenil moxsenebaSi _ `kanti aTeistis moralis SesaZle-blobis Sesaxeb (namdvili Semwynare-blobis dafuZnebisaTvis)~ [4, 712]. sa-nam Targmanis mxardaWeras gamoTqvam-da, uwmidesma da unetaresma gamonaxa dro CemTan sasaubrod. saqme is iyo, rom zogierTi, patriarqis garemocvi-dan, haidegeris mravalricxovan mowi-naaRmdegeTa gavleniT, mis filosofias aTeisturad Tvlida. es zerele Sexed-uleba sakmaod gavrcelebuli iyo ro-gorc socialisturi banakis qveynebSi, ise dasavleTSi: k. iaspersi (1883_1969) da g. marseli (1889_1973) religiuri egzistencializmis, xolo m. haidegeri (1889_1976) da J. p. sartri (1905_1980) aTeisturi egzistencializmis dam-cvelebad iTvlebodnen [5, 295]. patri-arqs surda gaego, rogor vafasebdi me, rogorc mTargmneli da mkvlevari hai-degeris pozicias. haidegeris, rogorc yoveli didi moazrovnis Sesaxeb mra-vali urTierTgamomricxveli Sexed-uleba arsebobda da arsebobs. mraval maTgans udavod aqvs safuZveli Tavad haidegeris urTules naazrevSi. me Seve-

cade meCvenebina haidegerze gavrcele-buli zogi Sexedulebis usafuZv-loba. Cans, es mTlad damajereblad ver movaxerxe, miuxedavad imisa, rom 1972 wlis Tavis interviuSi haidegeri erTmniSvnelovnad acxadebda, rom misi filosofia aris `RmerTis lodini~ [5, 430]. misma uwmidesobam damisva kiTxva, romelSic naTlad Canda misi, rogorc didi erovnuli moRvawis, mTavari ori-entiri: sWirdeba Tu ara am wignis qar-Tuli Targmanis gamoqveyneba qarTul kulturas? dadebiTi pasuxi misTvis naTeli iyo da amisaTvis mimiwvia sa-saubrod. wigni 1989 wels, haidegeris dabadebidan 100 wlisTavze gamoqveynda, sul 300 egzemplari, romelic ufasod daurigda dainteresebul pirebs da uwyebebs. erTi egzemplari meskirxSi, haidegeris muzeumSi devs. adgilo-brivma gazeTma es aRniSna weriliT: ` haidegeris muzeumis Zvirfasi SenaZe-ni~ [9, 2].

§1. codnisa da rwmenis mimarTebis sakiTxi.

es problema yoveli msoflmxedv-elobrivi azrovnebisaTvis ZiriTadia. cnobilia, rom adamianis istoria mis mier Tavisufali arCevanis faqtiT daiwyo, rac Sinaarsobrivad rwmenas-Tan codnis konfliqts warmoadgenda. amiT bibliaSi genialurad ganzogad-da istoriis mizanic: codnisa da rw-menis erTianobis, rogorc maT Soris harmoniis, aRdgena. ramdenadac RmerTi Tavad gaiazreba rogorc absoluturi codnis mqone, misgan sasjeli codni-saken miswrafebis gamo ki ar iyo, ar-amed imitom, rom rogorc giorgi mer-Cule usvamda xazs, `adam Wama xili igi, romel arRa mwife iyo~ [6, 130].

adamianisaTvis, rogorc sasrulo gonieri arsebisaTvis, romelsac Ta-visi ganviTarebis nebismier doneze samyaroSi sakuTari arsebobis rac SeiZleba saimedo garantireba surs,

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saboloo mizani mudam misi gonebis SesaZleblobis miRma dgas. masTan miaxloeba dausrulebeli procesia. meore mxriv, adamiani imiT gansxvavde-ba cxovelisagan, rom man aucileblad unda gaakeTos daskvna sakuTari marad SezRuduli codnidan saboloo mizan-ze, e.i.saerTod samyaros raobaze da sakuTari cxovrebis sazrisze. cxadia, Tavad amgvari miznis arseboba da mas-Tan miaxloebis procesi gonebis gar-eSe SeuZlebelia.

didma Teologebma da gansa-kuTrebiT basili kapadokielma naT-lad uCvenes, rom adamianis Tavisufali gadawyvetilebis unaris uaryofa cod-nisa da rwmenis mimarTebis problemis axsna ki ara, ubralod moxsna iqneboda [10, 148]. dionise areopagelis saxeliT cnobilma avtorma (V s.) zRvruli sicxa-diT miuCina sakuTari sfero rogorc codnas, ise rwmenas. isini erTmaneTs ki ar zRudaven, aramed avseben rogorc msoflmxedvelobisaTvis aucilebeli unarebi da maTi dapirispireba Tavise-bur antinomias qmnis, sadac mowinaaR-mdegis uarmyofeli mxare Zalaunebu-rad uCvenebs misi arsebobis uflebas da Rirebulebas [8, 7]. amis safuZveli naTeli gaxdeba imaze miTiTebiT, rom nebismieri rwmena SeuZlebelia Cemi rwmena iyos, Tu me gacnobierebuli ara maqvs da raRac doneze ar vici, Tu ra-tom mwams igi, ratom vayeneb mas sxva rwmenebze maRla da ratom ar vTvli saWirod argumentebs mis dasasabuTe-blad. meore mxriv, nebismieri codna, empiriuli iqneba igi, aprioruli Tu intuitiuri, Tavisi ueWvelobis piro-bad miuTiTebs imaze, rac codnis ga-reTaa da, saboloo angariSiT, emyareba dausabuTebad daSvebas, romelic raime saxis rwmenis arCevis saxes iRebs.

rwmena, rogorc grZnobebze da-fuZnebuli, dausabuTebeli da xSirad dausabuTebadi mindoba raimesadmi, adamianis bunebrivi mdgomareobaa. ada-miani xom bavSvobidanve miiswrafis

mfarvelisa da damcvelisaken? rac Se-exeba aTeizms, igi mxolod zrdasruli da moazrovne adamianis mdgomareoba SeiZleba iyos. es maSin xdeba, roca adamiani bunebisa da sakuTari Tavis kanonebis garkveul codnas flobs da naCqarev daskvnas akeTebs, rom mas, diaxac, SeuZlia arseboba Seucnobadi mSvelelis da mfarvelis gareSe [4, 712]. axali filosofiis ganviTarebis pirvel etapze am poziciis Sedegi iyo ganmanaTleblobis epoqa, romelsac kantma `sakuTari arasrulwlovanebi-dan gamosvla~ uwoda. igi mecnierebis warmatebebiT imedmocemuli ver xedav-da sakuTari gonebis SesaZleblobis sazRvrebs, ramac krizisSi Seiyvana dasavleTis filosofia da saWiro gaxda rwmenisa da codnis sazRvrebis kidev erTxel (sokratesa da areopage-lis Semdeg) naTeli gamijvna.

dRes yvela aRiarebs, rom aTeistu-ri sazogadoebis agebis uzarmazarma eqsperimentma(sabWoTa kavSirsa da so-cialisturi banakis qveynebSi) sruli kraxi ganicada. misi gameorebis Tavi-dan acilebis erTaderTi qmediTi saSu-alebaa WeSmariti Semwynarebloba, ro-melic Tanamedrove mowinave msofli-os azrovnebis da politikis erT-erTi qvakuTxedia.

XX s-is erT-erTma udidesma filo-sofosma da cnobilma fizikosma a.n. uaithedma (1861_1947) Tavis wignSi _ `ideaTa Tavgadasavali~ specialurad gamoikvlia rwmenisa da codnis, rogorc mecnierebis da religiis, konfliqtebi da uCvena, rom TiToeul SemTxvevaSi konfliqtis safuZveli iyo sakuTari kompetenciis sazRvrebis gadalaxva an sasuliero xelisuflebis, anda mec-nierebis warmomadgenelTa mier. amis Teoriuli safuZveli iyo Zireulad mcdari debuleba, rom mecniereba gamor-icxavs religias. es saukuneebis man-Zilze upirispirdeboda did moazrov-neTa WeSmarit pozicias, romlis Tanax-madac mcodne ufro morwmune xdeba

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(moSe maimonide, pier abeliari, fren-sis bekoni da sxvani) [10, 261,278]. dRes sayovelTaod aRiarebulia, rom rwmena da codna, maTi gansxvavebis miuxedavad, aucilebelni arian erTmaneTisaTvis, radgan isini erTmaneTis funqcias ver Seasruleben. codnis funqciis mimT-visebeli morwmune, rogorc pier abe-liari ambobda, `brmaa da brmaTa wi-namZRoli~. xolo rwmenis mniSvnelobis uarmyofeli codna, Tundac ukiduresi empiristuli iyos, ver xedavs, rom mis pozicias saboloo sayrdenad oden rw-meniTi daSveba aqvs imisa, rom empiria Cveni Semecnebis erTaderTi safuZveli da sayrdenia.

am dapirispirebis dros gaugebro-bani xSirad imazea damokidebuli, rom rwmenisa da codnis cnebebi erTmniS-vnelovnad ar ixmareba. rwmena aris yoveldRiuri, sayofacxovrebo, aseve mecnieruli da hipoTeturi. rwmenis umaRles formad unda CaiTvalos re-ligiuri rwmena, romlis specifikis ga-mosaxatavad qristianobis apologet tertulianes (daaxl. 160_230) miaweren debulebas: `mwams, radgan absurdia~. absurds igi, maSindeli filosofiuri tradiciis Sesabamisad, uwodebda deb-ulebas, romelic, formalur-logikuri TvalsazrisiT, sakuTar TavSi Seicavs winaaRmdegobas: arsi ararsidan Seiqm-na, sameba erTarsebaa, RvTismSobeli qalwulia, konkretuli da e.i. sasru-li adamiani – qriste aris RmerTi, e.i. usasrulo da sxva. dasawyisSi mec-nierul codnas, berZnuli filosofiis saxiT, radikalurad daupirispirda qristianuli religia, romelic logi-kurze maRla mdgomi RmerTis ueWvelo-bas amtkicebda. magram ara yvela did-ma Teologma male dainaxa damasabuTe-beli codnis saWiroeba (mag., klement aleqsandrieli, 150_215) da Sua sauku-neebs aucilebel amocanad gadasca am problemis saTanado gaazreba. am dros rogorc codnis, ise rwmenisaTvis sayu-radRebo Teoriebi Seiqmna(dionise ar-

eopageli, ioane filoponosi, ioane dam-askeli, anselm kenterberieli da sxv.). maT rigs miekuTvnebian ioane petriwi da daviT aRmaSenebeli. am ukanasknelTa poziciis SesaniSnav gamgrZelebels da ganmaviTarebels vxedavT uwmide-sis qadagebebSi da mis praqtikul moR-vaweobaSi.

saqarTveloSi yvela didi saekle-sio moRvawe codnisa da rwmenis mimarTebis am xazs agrZelebda. ilia II Tavisi Sinagani sikeTisa da sibrZ-nis safuZvelze didi sifrTxiliT da xelovnebiT anviTarebs pozicias, romlis ZiriTadi mizania, rom abso-luturi WeSmaritebisaken mimaval or gzas _ codnasa da rwmenas erTmane-Tisgan damoukidebeli funqciebi ara marto ar daekargos, aramed arc Seez-Rudos. xalxTan (ara marto marTl-madidebel qristianebTan) gaucxoebis asacileblad, uwmidesi da unetaresi ilia II emyareba im cnobil princips, rom ar arsebobs codva, romlis ga-mosyidva ar SeiZlebodes gulwrfe-li monaniebiT. garda amisa, rogorc `maRalTa Tavmdablobas~ (qalbatoni ana kalandaZis sityvebia) sCvevia, igi ucodveli maswavleblis rolSi ki ar gamodis, romelic sxvebs uCvenebs gzas, aramed xSirad usvams xazs, rom Tavad igi yvelaze codvilia, rom yvela ada-mianma, ragind amaRlebuli unda iyos igi, unda icodes, rom masSicaa sikeTisa da borotebis mudmivi brZola da yve-las cxovreba sikeTis gamarjvebis gza unda iyos, rogorc RmerTisaken mudmi-vi amaRleba, `mudam sakuTar Tavze maR-la~ dadgoma, rogorc grigol noseli (daaxl. 335_394) mouwodebda. swored am viTarebas akavSirebda kanti WeSmarit tolerantobasTan da swored amitom moiTxovda igi Semwynareblobis urw-munoebze gavrcelebas. es Tavisufali da gulwrfeli partnioroba kaco-briobis sakeTildReod Tanamedrove msoflmxedvelobrivi azrovnebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani maxasiaTebe-

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lia. evropuli azrovnebis saukeTeso tradiciebic amaze miuTiTebs. es mizani amoZravebda ganaTlebul da znekeTil romis paps _ benediqte XIV (1675_1758), roca mimoweras awarmoebda Tavis did TanamedrovesTan m. fr. volterTan (1694_1778), romelic mowinaaRmdegeebis mier udides aTeistad iyo CaTvlili, sinamdvileSi ki dasavleTis kaToli-kuri eklesiis praqtikas akritikeb-da. mas papze aranakleb aintereseb-da WeSmariti rwmenis bedi. igive iyo mizani benediqte XVI (maSin kardina-li i. ratcingeri) dialogisa XX s-is udides filosofosTan, i. habermas-Tan, e.w. dasavluri marqsizmis cnobil warmomadgenelTan. habermasi aRiareb-da, rom igi `religiurad aramusikal-uria~. magram man, mravalTa gasaocrad, is debuleba daicva, rom religia seku-larul saxelmwifoSi warsulis naS-Ti ki araa, aramed `filosofiisaTvis cnebiT doneze~ gamowvevas warmoad-gens [10, 10]. da amitom i. ratcingerTan Tavisi saubari 2004 w. mniSvnelovnad CaTvala. oriveni msgavs Sedegebamde mividnen: Tanamedrove sazogadoebaSi adamianTa qcevaTa da motivTa gagebis TvalsazrisiT saWiroa filosofiisa da religiis dialogi.

§ 2. Semwynarebloba rogorc adamianTa urTierTmimarTebis arsebiTi forma.

am kardinaluri mniSvnelobis mqone sakiTxis analizisas yovelTvis unda gvaxsovdes is milionobiT gulwrfe-li morwmune, romelmac SeiZleba wera-kiTxva ar icodes, magram rwmenis arss SesaniSnavad xedavdes da Tavis praq-tikul saxelmZRvanelod miiCnevdes.

kacobriobis istoriaSi yvelaze didi racionalisti, romelic cdilob-da daesabuTebina, rom saerTod arse-buli an logikuria, an masze daiyvane-ba, Tavisi Ziebebis dasawyisSi naTlad gamokveTda erTmaneTisagan rwmenisa da codnis bunebas. 24 wlis hegeli

(1770_1831) werda: `roca me vambob, rom esa Tu is adamiani religiuria, es ar niSnavs, rom mas religiis didi codna aqvs. es imas niSnavs, rom misi guli grZnobs RvTaebis siZlieres mis saq-meebSi, igi cnobs da xedavs RmerTs Ta-vis bunebaSi,adamianTa bedSi, igi eTay-vaneba mas, madlobelia misi da adidebs mas Tavisi saqmeebiT. igi afasebs Tavis moqmedebas ara mxolod imis mixedviT, kargi da gonivrulia Tu ara igi, ar-amed xSirad ufro met mniSvnelobas imas aniWebs, aris Tu ara es RvTisTvis saTno da misi mamoZravebeli RmerTis-gan momdinareobs Tu ara~ [2, 14]. `re-ligia gulis saqmea~ [2, 17].

aseTi adamianebi morwmuneTa birT-vs Seadgenen da maTgan imis moTxovna, rom mecnieruli Semecnebis safexure-bi gaiaron, sanam rwmenas miaRweven, araa gamarTlebuli arc zneobrivad da arc Teoriulad. uwmidesisa da unetare-sis sasaxelod unda iTqvas, rom mas-Tan, petriwisa da daviT aRmaSeneblis msgavsad, acilebulia berZnuli neo-platonizmis inteleqtualizmi, sadac RmerTisaken mecnieruli, SemecnebiTi gza erTaderTad da Seucvlelad aris miCneuli. misTvis es gza mxolod erT-erTia, romelic Tavisi SedegebiT ki ar ewinaaRmdegeba, aramed aZlierebs RvTis uSualo wyalobis gagebas. `uTqoi si-tyuais~ (petriwi) winaSe krZalviT Se-Cerebuli mecnieruli xedvis gareSe nebismieri religia, SesaZlebelia, ma-giad da wyalobis gamoZalvis mcdelo-bad gadaiqces, rac zneobasa da reli-giasTan kavSirs gamoricxavs.

es problema uSualod ukavSirdeba adamianTa RvTis winaSe Tanasworobis princips. igia kantis kategoriuli imperativis WeSmariti Sinaarsi. nam-dvili Semwynareblobac am principis specifikuri gamoxatulebaa. maTi sab-oloo safuZveli is rwmenaa, rom yve-la adamiani, raRacnairad aucilebel da specifikur Rirebulebas flobs RmerTisaTvis. amis gacnobierebis gamo

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iyo, rom didi germaneli mistikosi, maister ekharti (1260_1327) arwmunebda msmenelebs, rom marto adamiani ki ar eZebs RmerTs, aramed RmerTic eZebs adamians. es pozicia arsebiTia yvela namdvili morwmunisaTvis, romelsac adamianTa Tanasworoba esmis rogorc rasaze, erovnebaze, religiur gansxvave-baze maRla mdgomi principi, romlis Sinaarsi sxva adamianis iuridiulad Tanasworad cnobaSi, mis SewyalebaSi an sibralulSi ki ar gamoixateba, ar-amed Seni gulisa da gonebisaTvis misi Seucvlelobis danaxvaSi.

rogorc aRiniSna, msoflmxedvelo-ba aucileblad gulisxmobs, rogorc sayrdens da amosavals, raRac princips, romelic raRacnairad, magram, udavod, pirovnebis arCevans emyareba. arCeva-nis am sayovelTaobidan gamomdinare, bunebrivia maTi Tanasworuflebiano-bis daSveba da am safuZvelze, sazoga-doebis saWiroebis Tanaxmad, maTi urT-ierTobis samarTlebrivi mowesrigeba da zneobrivi Sefaseba. aqedan gamom-dinare, Tanamedrove mowinave qveynebSi bunebrivad wamoiwevs Semwynareblobis (tolerantobis) principis mniSvnelo-ba. igi Seucvlelia Tanamedrove sa-myaroSi, romelSic pirovnebaTa, erTa, saxelmwifoTa, rasaTa dapirispireba _ faqtia. amgvari samyaro sul ufro grZnobs globalizaciis garduvali procesis safrTxes da Zalauneburad imis gamoTvlas iwyebs, Tu romeli eri, saxelmwifo Tu kultura gadar-Ceba. yovlismomcveli Semwynareblobis principi ki im saSualebebze fiqris aucileblobaze miuTiTebs, romlebic SesaZleblobas iZlevian dedamiwis ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT global-izacia, rogorc faqti, gansxvavebuli iqnes erTiani da erTaderTi politi-kuri saxelmwifos Seqmnis aucile-blobisagan, da momavali msoflio wes-rigi gansxvavebulTa harmoniul mTe-lad iqnes warmodgenili [11, 12]. amgvari principi rom, Uupirveles yovlisa, er-

Teuli pirovnebis dacvasa da garan-tias unda gulisxmobdes, es qristiano-bam amcno samyaros. rac Seexeba mis msoflmxedvelobriv gaazrebas, es kan-tis damsaxurebaa, romelmac pirovnebis samoqmedo maqsima cnobili katego-riuli imperativis saxiT ase Camoay-aliba: moiqeci ise, rom Sens moqmede-baSi yoveli adamiani yovelTvis iyos agreTve mizani da arasdros mxolod saSualeba.

siamayis grZnobiT SeiZleba aRiniS-nos, rom uwmidesis mTeli moRvaweoba am mizans emsaxureba, rasac Seucvleli mniSvneloba aqvs saerTod da gansa-kuTrebiT Cvens qveyanaSi, sadac mra-valerovneba da mravalgvari aRmsare-bloba saukuneebs iTvlis. igi dama-jereblad qadagebs marTlmadideblur qristianobas, rogorc zogadsakaco-brio moralis matarebel moZRvrebas, romelic Semwynareblobas da moyvasis siyvaruls mTels kacobriobaze, yvela adamianze avrcelebs.

1989 wels, saqarTveloSi qveynis is-toriaSi erT-erT yvelaze daZabul pe-riodSi, roca garkveuli dajgufebebi nacionaluri SuRlis gaRvivebasac ar eridebodnen sakuTari miznebis misaRw-evad, ilia II Tavis saaxalwlo episto-leSi miuTiTa saxarebidan yvelasTvis cnobil keTil samaritelze, ̀ romelmac yovelgvari religiuri valdebulebis gareSe, daxmareba gauwia avazakis mier gaZarcul da nagvem adamians~. `es aris saqcieli, _ gvaswavlis uwmidesi da un-etaresi, _ romelic bunebrivi unda iyos yvelasTvis da miT umetes qristian-isaTvis. Tu Cven ver vamCnevT calkeul pirovnebas, ver vamCnevT mis tkivilsa da wuxils, ra fasi aqvs Cvens, Tundac, sakacobrio humanur ideebs, ubralo frazebs?~ (12.VI).

dRes, rodesac iuridiulad yve-la religia Tanasworia, maT Soris mimarTeba SeiZleba mxolod Semwynare-blobis, rogorc moraluri kanonis, mixedviT wesrigdebodes. uwmidesisa

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da unetaresis ilia II qadagebebSi qristianoba gamodis rogorc zoga-dsakacobrio idealis, WeSmariti Sem-wynareblobis matarebeli, romelic erovnebaTa, religiaTa, aRmsareblo-baTa gansxvavebaze maRla dgas im az-riT, rom yvela maTTvis uSinaganes da umniSvnelovanes aspeqtze miuTiTebs:

`Zvel dros msoflioSi moqmedebda e.w. oqros kanoni, romlis mixedviTac sikeTis sanacvlod sikeTe unda mi-gego, xolo usamarTloba, samarTliani SurisZiebiT gamoesworebiaT. qristem es Secvala. marTlmorwmunes ara Tu mtrisTvis codvis Sendoba, aramed misi siyvaruli mosTxova~ (12, VII).

literatura

1. narkvevebi filosofiis istoriaSi, Tbilisi, 1993.

�. Hegel C. W., Werke in �� Bänden, Bd. �, Suhrkamp, 1971, S. 14.

3. Politik-Religion- Menschenwürde. Hrsg. B. Jendorf, G. Schmalenberg, Gies-sen, 1993.

4. Tewzadze Guram, Über die Möglichkeit der Atheistischen Moral. Zur Begründ-ung der echten Toleranz. _ �n: Akten des Siebenten �nternationalen Kant-Kon-gresses, Mainz,199�; Bonn, 1991.

5. Noack H., Die Philosophie Westeuropas, Darmstadt,19�7.

6. Zveli qarTuli literaturis qrestomaTia, s. yubaneiSvilis red., Tbilisi, 1946.

7. basili kesarielis swavlanis efTvime aToneliseuli Targ-mani, Tbilisi, 1983.

8. petre iberieli (fsevdo-dionise areopageli), Sromebi, Tbili-si, 1960.

9. ...”Bibliophile Kostbarkeit für Heidegger Archiv (Eine Georgische Über-setzung von “Sein und Zeit”... Mit Hilfe des Katholikos Patriarchen aller Georgier �lia �� ist ihm die Übersetzung und Herausgeben von “Sein und Zeit” gelungen.

Von den 3�� Exemplaren limitierten Ausgabe ist nun ein Exemplar in die Heimat des großen Fragers und Suchers gekommen; darüber herrscht bei den Freunden von Heideggers Philosophie in Meßkirch große Freude” («Schwäbische Zeitung», Sonntag, April 1991, S.�).

1�. Jürgen Habermas, Joseph Ratzinger. Dialektik der Säkularisierung. Über Ver-nunft und Religion, Freiburg im Breisgau, 2005.

11. lumani n., sazogadoebrivi komunikaciis cvlilebani da masobrivi media, gamomcemloba `arxe~, Tbilisi, 2008.

12 saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1989, Tbilisi.

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`gevedrebi ufalo, ganunaTle goneba mecnierTa, mweralTa da xelov-anTa CvenTa. daloce saqme maTi, raTa iqmnas naRvawi maTi sakeTilod qveyni-sa, raTa SromiTa TavisiTa gemsaxuron Sen, emsaxuron ersa Sensa iveriisasa~ (ilia II, locva sinis mTaze. _ Jurn. `jvari vazisa~, 1984, # 1, gv. 6).

sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqma, uwmidesma da unetaresma ilia meorem gansakuTrebuli roli Seasrula saqarTvelos bolo or-moci wlis istoriaSi. vgulisxmob ara mxolod sasuliero cxovrebas, eklesia-monastrebis, saepiskoposo ep-arqiebis ganaxleba-aRdgenas, aramed mis keTilismyofel gavlenas saero cxovrebis sxvadasxva sferoze, pirvel rigSi humanitarul da, gansakuTrebiT, qarTvelologiur mecnierebebze. rom ara misi uwmidesoba, vin icis, ramdeni wliT gadaiwevda sinis mTaze, wm. ekat-erines monasterSi axlad aRmoCenili 141 qarTuli xelnaweris jer arsebo-bis dafiqsireba, xolo Semdeg maTi Seswavla da samenovani (qarTul-ber-Znul-inglisuri) katalogisa da mra-vali gamokvlevis gamocema. Cemi azriT, qarTulma mecnierebam da kulturam ar icis amaze ufro didi aRmoCena da saqarTvelos patriarqis roli masSi udidesia.

1734 wels wmida ekaterines monas-terSi sina-raiTis arqiepiskoposma ni-

kifore marTalisma biblioTekisaTvis specialuri Senoba aago, xelnawerebi iq gadaitana da wesrigSi moiyvana. is, rac maSin praqtikuli gamoyenebisaTvis zedmetad iqna miCneuli, rogorc Cans, datoves aRniSnul saTavsSi. 1761 wels piligrimi donati aRniSnavda, rom man nikifore marTalisis biblioTekaSi, kargad movlili xelnawerebis garda, naxa uyuradRebod mitovebulebic. am xelnawerTa arseboba etyoba TandaTan daviwyebas mieca.

amJamad sinuri xelnawerebi inaxe-ba 1990 wels wm. ekaterines monastris biblioTekisaTvis specialurad age-bul SenobaSi. es biblioTeka erT-erTi umdidresia mTels msoflioSi Tavisi mraval enaze arsebuli xel-nawerebiT. sinis mTis saganZurs (xel-nawerebs, xatebs da sxv.) miniWebuli aqvs msoflio saganZuris statusi.

1975 wlis 26 maiss sinis mTaze, wmida ekaterines monasterSi iustini-ane keisris (527_565) kedlis Crdilo-eT nawilSi moTavsebul wmida gior-gis saxelobis samlocvelos xanZari gauCnda. sxvaTa Soris, es samlocvelo sinis mTaze unaxavs XVI saukunis moR-vawes, rodosel mitropolits paisis, romelic aRniSnavs, rom igi aRdgeni-li yofila `iberTa mefis~ saxsrebiT. rodesac berebma xanZari Caaqres da dazianebuli farTobi gawmindes, sam-locvelos iatakis qveS, miwiT savse

zaza aleqsiZe

rogor iwyeboda sinuri aRmoCenebi

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saTavsSi didi raodenobiT uZvelesi xelnawerebi aRmoaCines.

sinis mTaze xelnawerTa aRmoCenas ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi ar axmau-rebdnen. marTalia, presaSi ukve gaCnda cnobebi amis Sesaxeb, magram jerje-robiT isini mxolod paparaci Jur-nalistebis mopovebuli iyo da Tavisi TvaliT arc erT mecniers ar enaxa.

pirveli oficialuri cnoba axali xelnawerebis Sesaxeb daibeWda 1980 wlis seqtemberSi maSindeli dasav-leT germaniis q. goslarSi Catareb-uli siriis problemebisadmi miZRvni-li simpoziumis mimoxilvis saxiT. am simpoziumze axlad aRmoCenili siri-uli xelnawerebis Sesaxeb moxseneba waikiTxa am dargis specialistma deda filoTeam. man Tavisi moxsenebis Ses-avalSi aRniSna, rom wm. ekaterines monasterSi axal xelnawerTa Soris 56 somxuri xelnaweri aRmoCnda da, SesaZloa, maT Soris oTxi mrgvlovani asomTavruliT Sesrulebuli qarTuli xelnaweric iyoso.

rodesac deda filoTeas mier ga-keTebuli gancxadeba waikiTxa cnobil-ma germanelma qarTvelologma, profe-sorma iulius asfalgma, eWvi gamoTqva, somxurad miCneul xelnawerTa nawili mainc SesaZloa nusxurad dawerili qa-rTuli xelnawerebi iyoso. aseTi eWvi bunebrivi iyo, radgan wm. ekaterines monasteri dasabamidan marTlmadide-bluri monasteria da iq didi raode-nobiT somxuri xelnawerebis aRmoCena mosalodneli ar aris. i. asfalgma si-nis mTaze somxuri xelnawerebis aR-moCenisa da Tavisi eWvebis Sesaxeb maS-inve a. SaniZes Seatyobina. ra Tqma unda, a. SaniZem da maleve m. SaniZemac (1981) daadastures qarTuli xelnawerebis somxurSi aRrevis SesaZlebloba.

eWvebi isev eWvebad darCeboda, rom ara 1984 wlis 24_28 maiss sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis, uwmidesisa da unetaresis ilia II ofi-cialuri viziti egvipteSi. 26 maiss si-

nis mTaze wm. ekaterines monastris bib-lioTekis daTvalierebisas, mas mieca saSualeba enaxa e. w. `somxuri~ xel-nawerebi, romlebic sinamdvileSi qar-Tuli aRmoCnda. movusminoT sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs:

`is, rom aq raRac xelnawere-bi aRmoCnda, Cven adrec vicodiT, magram ar vicodiT, iyo Tu ara maTSi qarTuli. gviCvenes ber-Znuli xelnawerebi, Cven vkiTx-eT, qarTuli Tu aris-Tqo. bib-lioTekis ufrosma moZRvarma gviTxra: qarTuli samwuxarod ar aris, magram aris somxurio. Zalian guli damwyda, kidev ra aris-meTqi. kidev ariso kopturi, eTiopuri da sxva. maCveneT, somx-uri mainc vnaxoT-meTqi. rva yuTi iyo es `somxuri~ xelnawerebi. gadmoiRes, vnaxeT da, Turme, qar-Tulia. SecdomiT miukuTvnebiaT somxurisaTvis. tyavze Sesrule-buli asomTavruli, nusxa-xucuri xelnawerebi...

vkiTxe: vin muSaobda aq da vin miakuTvna es xelnawerebi somx-urs, vin giTxraT, rom es xel-nawerebi somxuria. aq mecnierebi iyvnen, magram Cven imaT gvarebs ar vambobTo. Semdeg velaparake sinis mTis mTavarepiskoposs, gan-vucxade, rom ar SeiZleba ase mopyroba xelnawerebisadmi, rom amas aucileblad sWirdeba spe-cialisti, mecnieri, romelic waikiTxavs maT da Seadgens kata-logs. isic dameTanxma. Tu mec-niers gamogzavniT, Sevecdebi dagexmaroTo.~ (uwmidesisa da un-etaresis ilia II qadageba sionis sapatriarqo taZarSi. _ `jvari vazisa~, 1984, # 1, gv. 21_22).

saintereso damTxvevaa qarTveli mkiTxvelisaTvis: 1975 wlis 26 maiss aRmoCnda xelnawerTa axali koleqcia, xolo 1984 wlis aseve 26 maiss saqa-rTvelos patriarqma daadastura amave koleqciaSi didi raodenobiT qarTuli xelnawerebis arseboba. magram ilia II

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ar dakmayofilda mxolod kerZo sau-barSi gakeTebuli SeniSvniT. meore dRes, erToblivi wirvis damTavrebis Semdeg patriarqsa da arqiepiskoposs Soris oficialuri sityvebis gacvli-sas man xazi gausva:

`Cven Camosvlas vaniWebT did mniSvnelobas, radganac misi sa-SualebiT unda ganaxldes is ka-vSiri, romelic Cven Soris sau-kuneebis manZilze arsebobda. gamovTqvamT imeds, rom es kav-Siri iqneba Rrma da ormxrivi~ (kaTolikos-patriarqis ilia II sityva, warmoTqmuli sinis mTis wmida ekaterines monasterSi. _ `jvari vazisa~, 1984, # 1, gv. 14).

dabrunda Tu ara TbilisSi, kaTo-likos-patriarqma Segvkriba yvela is mecnieri, romelTaTvisac axlos iyo sinis monastris qarTul siZveleTa problemebi, dawvrilebiT gviambo imis Sesaxeb, rac naxa wm. ekaterines mon-asterSi, sina-raiTis arqiepiskoposTan molaparakebis Sesaxeb da SemogvTavaza am sakiTxze aqtiuri muSaobis dawyeba. …magram Tavdapirvelad aqtiuri muS-aoba TviTon saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqma gaagrZela.

1987 wlis 3_6 ivniss saqarTvelos sapasuxo vizitiT ewvia misi maRalyov-ladusamRvdeloesoeba,sina-raiTisa dasoeba,sina-raiTisa daeba, sina-raiTisa da faranis mTavarepiskoposi damiane. pa-triarqma savizito programaSi CarTo saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis k. kekeliZis saxelobis xelnawerTa instituti. am vizitis amsaxveli sain-formacio cnoba iuwyeboda:

`stumrebs saSualeba miecaT gascnobodnen saqarTvelos mec-nierebaTa akademiis k. kekeliZis saxelobis xelnawerTa insti-tutis xelnawerTa fonds da am institutis muSaobis struqtu-ras. gaaocaT institutis Tan-amSromlebis damokidebulebam xelnawerebisadmi, maTma maRal-ma kvalifikaciam da saqmisadmi

erTgulebam. institutis direq-torma, akademikosma elene me-trevelma dro ar dazoga da maT zedmiwevniT zustad uambo yo-veli xelnaweris Tavgadasavali. gansakuTrebulad gaamaxvila yuradReba sinuri warmomavlo-bis xelnawerebze, rac, marTlac, stumarTa did interess iwvevda. isini gulwrfelad madlobel-ni darCnen q-n elene metrevel-isa. es informacia metad mniS-vnelovani iyo maTTvis, radgan, rogorc aRniSnes, ukve Seudgnen wm. sinis mTisa da monastrebis dawvrilebiTi istoriis weras~.

axlad aRmoCenil sinur xelnawer-ebze iyo saubari Sexvedrebzec Tbili-sis saxelmwifo universitetSi. rode-sac TanamSromlobisaTvis niadagi srulad momzadda, rodesac stumrebma dainaxes, rom xelnawerTa institutTan TanamSromloba TviTon sinis mTisa-Tvisac uaRresad sasargeblo iqneboda, daido TanamSromlobis xelSekrule-ba.

`gadawyda, rom Seiqmnas sinuri problemebis sapatriarqosTan arsebuli samecniero kvlevis centri. gamoiyos axlad aRmo-Cenili qarTuli xelnawerebis Semswavleli jgufi, romelSic specialistebTan erTad berZeni paleografebic _ wmida ekater-ines monastris berebi _ iqnebian gaerTianebulni. gaigzavnos sinis mTaze mecnierTa da samRvdelo pirTa jgufi da adgilzeve Ses-ruldes pirveladi samuSaoebi, Sedges pirveli mokle aRweri-loba da sxva.

sinis mTavarepiskoposma ival-debula, rom sinuri problemebis kvlevis centri aRWurvos sinis mTaze arsebuli yvela qarTuli xelnaweris mikrofilmiT da im gamocemebiT, romlebic monas-tris biblioTekaSi arsebobs...

sabolood, sinuri probleme-bis kvlevis centris mier mom-zadebuli axlad aRmoCenil

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qarTul xelnawerTa katalogi gamoicema or enaze _ qarTulad da berZnulad, mokle inglisuri reziumeTi, uxvi fotomasaliT~ (stumrebi sinis mTidan. _ `jvari vazisa~, Tb., 1987, gv. 18_19).

dRes am xelSekrulebidan TiTqmis yvela muxli Sesrulebulia: moewyo Svidi samecniero eqspedicia sinis mTaze axlad aRmoCenili qarTuli xelnawerebis Sesaswavlad, Seiqmna sinis qarTul siZveleTa kvlevis cen-tri, gamoica axlad aRmoCenili qarTu-li xelnawerebis aRweriloba berZnu-lad, qarTulad da inglisurad. Sesas-rulebeli darCa mTavari: sinis mTaze arsebuli yvela qarTuli xelnaweris mikrofilmis gadmocema. jerjerobiT es muxli mxolod nawilobriv aris Sesrulebuli. xelnawerTa instituts (amJamad xelnawerTa erovnul centrs) gadmocemuli aqvs mxolod ramdenime mniSvnelovani xelnaweris mikrofilmi. dRes ukve, ra Tqma unda, laparaki aRar aris mikrofilmebze. monasteri aRWur-vilia mZlavri distanciuri skanirebis aparaturiT da Cveni mizania, cxadia, kv-lav saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriar-qis TanadgomiT, mivaRwioT kompaqt-dis-kebze Cawerili xelnawerebis miRebas.

wm. ekaterines monastris axali koleqcia sul 1100 xelnawers iTvlis. xelnawerTa umravlesoba berZnulia, danarCeni _ arabuli, siriuli, eTiopuri, slavuri da qarTuli, erTi laTinuri da erTi ebrauli. amaT garda aqve aR-moCnda 120 gragnili da mravali frag-menti. qronologiurad axali koleq-cia Tavsdeba IV_XVIII saukuneebSi.

xelnawerTa institutma sinis mTaze eqspediciis mosawyobad zrunva xelSekrulebis dadebisTanave daiwyo, magram maSin, CemTvis ucnobi mizezebis gamo, es ver ganxorcielda. 1988 wlis bolos, Cemi xelnawerTa institutis direqtoris Tanamdebobaze misvlis pirvelive dRidan saqarTvelos patri-arqTan uSualo kontaqtSi daviwye aqti-

uri muSaoba wm. ekaterines monasterSi eqspediciis mosawyobad. 1989_90 wlebi ar iyo advili wlebi saqarTvelosT-vis saerTod, da miT ufro saerTaSor-iso eqspediciis gansaxorcieleblad da, SesaZloa, araferi gamosuliyo, rom ara sami faqtori: sruliad saqarT-velos kaTolikos-patriarqis sruli Tanadgoma, egvipteSi sabWoTa kavSiris saelCos gasaocari aqtivoba da saqa-rTvelos mTavrobis mier eqspediciis dauyovnebeli dafinanseba.

axal koleqciaSi 141 dasaxelebis qarTuli xelnaweri gamovlinda. aqe-dan umravlesoba xelnaweri wignia, xolo 10 gragnili. zogi maTgani sru-lia, zogi Zlier nakluli. furcel-Ta saerTo raodenoba 4000-ze metia. amaT garda, aqve inaxeba didi raode-nobis fragmenti (1600) erTi furclis Tu furcelTa naxevebis saxiT. frag-mentebis fotopirebi xelnawerTa in-stitutSi inaxeba da maTi Seswavla xelnawerTa erovnuli centris morigi amocanaa.

axali koleqciis xelnawerebidan ramdenime aRmoCnda Zveli koleqciis xelnawerTa nawili, umravlesoba ki sruliad axalia. Zvelis nawilTagan mniSvnelobis TvalsazrisiT SeiZle-ba dasaxeldes yvelaze adrindeli TariRiani qarTuli xelnaweri, cnobi-li 864 wlis sinuri mravalTavi.axlad aRmoCenil xelnawerTa didi um-ravlesoba warmodgenilia pergamentze, SedarebiT naklebia qaRaldze Ses-rulebuli. yvela teqsti dawerilia asomTavruliTa da nusxa-xucuriT. mx-edruli dawerilobiT Sesrulebulia mxolod SedarebiT gviani xanis (XII_XV) zogierTi minaweri.

sinur koleqciaSi dRes ukve xelTa gvaqvs saerTo jamSi 230-ze meti xel-naweri da mravali fragmenti, amitom gacilebiT meti viciT sinis qarTuli samonastro koloniisa da misi Semoq-medebis Sesaxeb, vidre aqamde vicodiT. sinis xelnawerTa (Zveli da axali)

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didi umravlesoba X saukunisaa. rode-sac vadarebT aqve dacul da aq Se-qmnil xelnawerebs (Zvelsa da axals) sxva enebze (berZnuli, arabuli, siri-uli da sxv.), vxedavT, rom X saukunis meore naxevari sinis mTaze upiratesad qarTulia da mxolod XI saukunidan iwyeba berZenTa da arabTa didi aq-tivoba. amasve mowmobs axali koleq-ciis xelnawerTa minawerebi, romlebic axal da saintereso cnobebs iZle-vian qarTvelTa samSeneblo saqmiano-bis Sesaxeb sinis mTaze. es aris erTi umniSvnelovanesi daskvna, gakeTebuli axali aRmoCenebis safuZvelze.

sinis qarTulma masalam, gansa-kuTrebiT axalma, Semoinaxa saeklesio RvTismsaxurebis is etapi, romelsac ierusalimurs uwodeben. es aris X saukunemde (CaTvliT) liturgiku-li wignebi (iadgarebi, leqcionarebi, Jamiswirvebi, kalendrebi), romelTa ber-Znuli dednebic dakargulia imis gamo, rom meaTe saukunidan xmarebaSi Semov-ida liturgikis axali wesi, romelsac konstantinopolurs an bizantiurs uwodeben. sul ukanasknel xanebamde am safexuris aRdgenas cdilobdnen somx-uri mwerlobis safuZvelze, romelic adre dascilda marTlmadideblurs da amitom mas marTlmadidebluri eklesiis reformebi aRar unda Sexe-boda. sinurma xelnawerebma, jer kidev Zvelma, da mas emateba axalic, Secvales aqcentebi da saerTaSoriso yuradRe-ba somxurTan erTad qarTulze gad-moitanes, rogorc uZvelesi safexuris maCvenebelze.

axalma koleqciam aCvena sinis mTis qarTuli Zmobis mWidro kontaqti sxva qarTul kulturul kerebTan. gansa-kuTrebiT mniSvnelovania misi SesaZlo pirdapiri kavSiri aTonis mTasTan da aTonel moRvaweebTan, rac daadastura aTonze Seqmnili Zeglebis aRmoCenam maTi Seqmnidan mokle xnis manZlze.

axal koleqciaSi liturgikuli krebulebis gverdiT gvxvdeba oTx-

Tavebi, fsalmunebi, mamaTa swavlani, hagiografiuli krebulebi, sakiTxave-bi Zveli aRTqmis wignebidan. amaTgan calke SeiZleba gamoiyos X sauku-nis (974 w.) erTi xelnaweri (N/Sin-67) _ `wmidaTa mamaTa sinelTa swavlani da sakÂrvelebani~. krebuli original-uria, Tumca calkeul TxrobaTa daZe-bna SesaZlebelia qarTul an sxva ber-Znulenovan paterikebSic. qarTvelo-log specialistTa yuradRebas teqsti imiTac ipyrobs, rom masSi pirvelive mTxroblad dasaxelebulia sxva wy-aroebiT CvenTvis ucnobi `wmida mama samuel qarTveli~.

axal koleqciaSi gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani aRmoCnda X saukunis ori xelnaweri. erTi maTgani (N/Sin-48) war-moadgens sakmaod vrcel nawils pirve-li qarTuli istoriuli Txzulebisa, romelic `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s sax-eliT aris cnobili. aRniSnuli Tx-zuleba ori nawilisagan Sedgeba: e.w. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s matiane, romelSic gadmocemulia saqarTvelos istoria dasabamidan VII saukunemde (TandarTuli qarTlis erismTavarTa da kaTalikosTa siiT X saukunis dam-degamde), da qarTvelTa ganmanaTleb-lis, wmida ninos cxovreba.

N/Sin-48-m Cvenamde naklulad moaR-wia. gadarCenilia mxolod `matianis~ nawili, romelic Seicavs Txrobas qa-rTlis gaqristianebidan VI saukunis miwurulamde. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ dRemde Cvenamde moRweuli iyo ori re-daqciiT: Satberduli (Xs.) da Weli-Suri (XIV_XV ss.). axali redaqcia erTsa da imave dros orivesTan pou-lobs saerTosac da gansxvavebulsac. cxadia, igi momdinareobs saerTo wina-prisagan da qronologiurad misi de-dani mniSvnelovnad uswrebs win ro-gorc Satberduls, ise WeliSurs. es daskvna gansakuTrebulad mniSvnelova-nia ̀ moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s warmoSobis urTulesi problemis gasarkvevad.

kidev ufro mniSvnelovani aRmoCnda

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meore xelnaweri (N/Sin-50), romelic kre-buls warmoadgens. xelnaweri X sauku-nis pirveli naxevriT TariRdeba. kre-bulSi moTavsebulia zemoT ukve nax-senebi `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ (rogorc `matiane~, ise `wmida ninos cxovreba~) da asurel mamaTa cxovrebis wignebi. krebuli Tavsa da boloSi naklulia. saocaria, magram faqtia, rom N/Sin-50-Si `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s teqsti iwyeba TiTqmis iq, sadac wydeba N/Sin-48, Tumca eseni sruliad sxvadasxva xelnawe-ria. ufro metic, meore eqspediciis dros aRmoCnda N/Sin-50-is SemorCenili nawilis dasawyisidan kidev ori fur-celi, romelTac Sexvedra naxes N/Sin-48-is dasasrulTan. aRmoCnda, rom es ori xelnaweric sxvadasxva redaqcias warmoadgens.

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s mimarT N/Sin-50-is Sesaxeb unda gavimeoroT is, rac vTqviT N/Sin-48-is Taobaze: igi gansxvavdeba rogorc Satberduli, ise WeliSuri redaqciebisagan da amasTa-nave msgavsebas poulobs orivesTan. sinuri xelnaweri TavisTavadac Sat-berdul xelnawerze ufro adrinde-lia, redaqciuladac igi, cxadia, mniS-vnelovnad uswrebs orives da saeWvo SemTxvevebSic iZleva maTze gacilebiT ukeTes wakiTxvebs.

sinuri aRmoCenebis Semdeg Tavisu-flad SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom X s-Si ukve arsebobda `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s oTxi erTmaneTisagan mniSvnelovnad gansxvavebuli redaqcia. cxadia, amdeni gansxvavebuli redaqciis Camoyalibeba did dros moiTxovs, rac gamoricxavs Zeglis Seqmnas IX saukuneSi.

aranakleb sainteresoa qarT-velologiisa da, saerTod, aRmosav-luri qristianobis istoriisaTvis imave N/Sin-50-Si daculi asurel mama-Ta cxovrebis wignebi. es aris im 13 sirieli saeklesio moRvawis istoria, romlebic VI saukuneSi movidnen saqa-rTveloSi, safuZveli daudes CvenSi samonastro cxovrebas da, SesaZloa,

gansazRvres saqarTvelos religiuri saxe mravali saukunis manZilze. axlad aRmoCenili teqsti sruliad ueWvelia, rom gacilebiT ufro Zvelia, vidre dRemde Cvenamde moRweuli mravali sx-vadasxva saxis redaqcia da igi maTgan gansxvavdeba ara marto redaqciulad, aramed Sinaarsobrivadac. N/Sin-50 sru-liad axleburad ayenebs asurel mama-Ta cxovrebis teqstebis istorias.

asurel mamaTa cxovrebis wignebSi CarTulia sruliad unikaluri cno-bebi saqarTvelos istoriis dRemde yvelaze cudad Seswavlili da cno-bebiT mwiri periodis, e.w. erismTav-robis xanis (VI_VIII ss.) Sesaxeb (epi-tafiebi genealogiuri da qronolo-giuri miTiTebebiT). pirvel yovlisa unda aRiniSnos, rom maT Soris gvxvde-ba qarTvelTa samefo sagvareulos _ bagrationTa _ dasaxeleba didi xniT adre, vidre dRemde iyo dadasturebu-li wyaroebSi; pirveli da erTaderTi moxsenieba rusTavelTa (`ruvisTavel-Ta~) sagvareulosi da maTi lokali-zeba istoriuli kaxeTis teritoriaze; samonastro (mcxeTis jvari, zedazeni, daviT-gareja) biblioTekebisa da sa-ganZurebis aRwerilobebi.

specialuri yuradRebis Rirsia is anderZ-minawerebi, romlebic mravlad aris daculi axali koleqciis xel-nawerebze. pirvel yovlisa maTi saSu-alebiT didad izrdeba Cveni codna si-nis mTaze moRvawe qarTveli berebis Sesaxeb, gansakuTrebiT X saukuneSi, vinaidan minawerTa didi umravlesoba daTariRebulia.

magaliTad SeiZleba davasaxeloT erTi minaweri axali qarTuli koleq-ciis #2 xelnawerze. am xelnaweris anderZSi mocemulia sinis mTisaTvis kvirike miZnaZorelis mier Sewiruli qarTuli wignebis sia, TiToeuli dasax-elebuli wignis raodenobis miTiTebiT (sul 45). amgvari sia, rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, 1902 wels sinis mTaze aRmo-aCina n. marma da es ori sia yvelaze

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adrindelia maT Soris, sinis mTaze bib-liografiul saqmianobas rom uCvenebs. amave minawerSi yuradRebas ipyrobs an-derZ-minaweris avtoris mier aRwerili Tavisi samSeneblo moRvaweoba wmida ekaterines saxelobis monastris teri-toriaze.

specialistTa did yuradRebas gamoiwvevs axlad aRmoCenil xel-nawerebs Soris palimfsestebi. maTi raodenoba mniSvnelovania. qveda teqs-ti aris qarTuli, berZnuli, eTiopuri, siriuli da somxuri.

gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania ori xelnaweris (N/Sin-13, 55) qveda teqstSi kavkasiis albaneTis dakarguli mwer-lobis ZeglTa gamovlena.

X saukuneSi Zveli xelnawerebis gamoyeneba axlis Sesaqmnelad sinis mTaze gamowveulia pergamentis defi-citiT, rac xelnawerTa minawerebiTac dasturdeba. amasve miuTiTebs Zveli xelnawerebis CamonaWrebisagan Sekeri-li axali wignebis dadastureba axal koleqciaSi.

1994 wlis noember-dekemberSi xel-nawerTa institutis meore eqspedici-is ukanasknel dRes restavratorebma gaxsnes N/Sin-55, romelic xanZris Sede-gad mTlianad erT gaqvavebul masad iyo gadaqceuli. xelnaweri aRmoCnda palimfsesti, romlis orive teqsti (zeda da qveda) imave xeliT iyo naweri, rogoriTac N/Sin-13. am ori xelnaweris qveda teqsti aRmoCnda kavkasiis al-baneTis mwerlobis Zegli.

albaneTi iyo kavkasiis terito-riaze mesame civilizebuli saxelm-wifo antikur xanasa da adrind. Sua saukuneebSi daaxloebiT Tanamedrove azerbaijanis teritoriaze. X s-idan mokidebuli, mezobeli qveynebis, momTa-bare tomebisa da arabTa saxalifos Zlieri gavlenis Sedegad igi sruliad gaqra istoriis asparezidan.

1830-iani wlebidan daiwyo intensi-uri saerTaSoriso samecniero Zieba am qveynis raime kvalisa materialur kul-

turaSi. 1937 wlis 28 seqtembers eCmi-aZinis (erevanSi) xelnawerebs Soris i. abulaZem miakvliaA XV s-is somxur xe-lnawers, romelic warmoadgenda sxva-dasxva enisa da damwerlobis saxelmZR-vanelos. am xelnawerSi aRmoCnda alban-uri anbanic. anbani Seiswavla a. SaniZem da daaskvna, rom albanebis memkvidreebi unda yofiliyvnen azerbaijanis terito-riaze da nawilobriv saqarTveloSi mc-xovrebi mcirericxovani xalxi udiebi, romelTa ena kavkasiuri enebis samxreT-daRestnur enaTa jgufs ekuTvnis. daax-loebiT aTi wlis Semdeg azerbaijanis teritoriaze mingeCauris gaTxrebis dros aRmoCnda albanuri damwerlobiT Sesrulebuli ramdenime warwera. imedi, rom i. abulaZis mier aRmoCenili anba-niT gaiSifreboda es warwerebi, ar ga-marTlda. mecnierTa erT wreSi gaCnda Sexeduleba, romlis mixedviTac alban-uri kultura, damwerloba da mwerloba saerTod arc arsebula.

sinis mTaze aRmoCenili ori xe-lnaweris qveda, albanuri teqsti ga-darecxes X s-Si da zevidan daaweres qarTuli anbanuri pateriki. qveda teq-stis 300 gadarCenili gverdidan daax-loebiT asis amokiTxva SesaZlebelia ultraiisferi ganaTebiT, gamadidebe-li saSualebebiT, ultraiisferi ga-daRebisa da kompiuteruli damuSave-bis Semdeg.

albanuri xelnaweris kodikolo-giuri saxis gansazRvra adgilzeve moxerxda. aman SesaZlebloba momca orad gakecili da sxvadasxva adgilas moxvedrili furceli warmosaxviT ga-meerTianebina da Semdeg kompiuterSi misi pirvandeli saxe aRmedgina. aR-moCnda, rom albanuri teqsti naweria or svetad, vertikalurad, da TiToeul svetSi 22 striqonia, gairkva furcle-bis formatic, areebis farTobi da ga-nisazRvra areebze gakeTebuli minawe-rebis adgili.

gabmulad naweri teqstis sityvebad daSlis SesaZleblobas iZleoda sxva

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Zveli mwerlobebis msgavsad mozrdi-li abzacebis dawyeba didi asoTi, da-qaragmebuli sityvebi, garkveuli monak-veTebis erTmaneTisgan gamoyofa sasve-ni ori wertiliT, gameorebuli erTi da igive sityvebi da mTeli frazebi.

Teoriulma gaTvlebma da teqstis garegnuli saxis tipologiurma ana-lizma mimiyvana daskvnamde, rom al-banuri teqsti unda yofiliyo mTeli wlis saRvTismsaxuro wigni „leqcio-nari“. amis Semdeg dadga amocana sxva enebze arsebuli leqcionarebis Sesa-tyvisi adgilebis moZebnisa albanurSi. xangrZlivi da teqnikurad rTuli sa-muSaos Sesrulebis Sedegad moxerxda im SedarebiT wvrili asoebiT naweri winadadebebis gadmowera, romlebsac Teoriulad leqcionarebis sakiTxavTa saTaurebad miviCnevdi. erT-erTi aseTi saTauri gaiSifra da igi aRmoCnda pav-le mociqulis epistole Tesalonikel-Ta mimarT, romelic ikiTxeboda alilu-ias Sesrulebis moTxovniT. danarCeni ormoci saTauris gaSifrva ukve drois, moTminebisa da „teqnikis“ saqme iyo.

saTaurebis amokiTxvisa da ga-Sifvris Semdeg saWiro iyo sakiTxave-bis identifikacia nacnob enebze ar-sebuli leqcionarebis sakiTxavebTan. albanuri teqstis is monakveTi, ro-melSic erTi da igive fraza cxrajer meordeboda, aRmoCnda nawyveti pavle mociqulis meore epistoledan (axali aRTqma), me-11 Tavis 25_27-e muxlebi. ga-moirkva, rom qarTul, somxur da berZ-nul Sesatyvis teqstebSi gamoyenebu-li leqsika zog SemTxvevaSi Tanxvdeba albanurs. aseT sityvebSi gamoyenebul grafemaTa (asoTa) fonemuri (bgeriTi) mniSvnelobis didi sizustiT dadgena Zneli aRar iyo. paralelurma teqsteb-ma saSualeba momca, agreTve, damedgina albanuri enis ramdenime gramatikuli kategoria, ramac kvlav didi siaxlove miCvena Tanamedrove udiurTan.

albanuri anbani grafikulad ax-los aris qarTulTan, somxurTan da

eTiopurTan. igi Sedgenili unda iyos palestinur samyaroSi. axali aRTqmi-dan sakiTxavebi uCvenebs gansxvavebebs sxva enebze arsebul axali aRTqmis teqstebTan da adasturebs, rom amier-kavkasiis xalxTa enebze arsebuli bi-bliis teqstebis gareSe wmida werilis arqetipis aRdgena ar iqneba srulyo-fili.

albanuri leqcionaris gaSifvris Semdeg gaCnda Semdegi Teoriuli da praqtikuli perspeqtivebi: udiur enas (saerTod mTis kavkasiis enebs) SesaZ-lebloba miecema Tavisi damwerlobi-saTvis diakritikuli niSnebiT damZi-mebuli rusuli an laTinuri anbanis magier gamoiyenos albanuri, romlis TiToeuli grafema Seesatyviseba Ti-Toeul fonemas. SesaZlebeli gaxdeba aRdges udi xalxis saRvTismsaxuro ena albanuri leqsikis safuZvelze. aseTi gza imave dros gadaarCens udiur enas, romelic wiTel wignSi Setanil enaTa Soris iTvleba.

mTis kavkasiuri enebis SedarebiTi Seswavlisas gamoyenebuli iqneba erT-aderTi uZvelesi samwerlobo ena _ albanuri, rac SesaZleblobas miscems specialistebs dokumenturad Seamow-mon arsebuli Teoriuli rekonstruq-ciebi da gacilebiT ufro Sors wavid-nen istoriis siRrmeSi. meti sizustiT SegveZleba vilaparakoT albaneTis saxelmwifos ganviTarebis donis, misi teritoris farglebis, religiis, eTni-kuri da enobrivi situaciisa da sxva problemebis Sesaxeb. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom gauSifrav damwerlobaTa jer ki-dev arsebuli sakmao raodenoba XX saukuneSi erTiT kidev Semcirda. dam-werlobaTmcodneebs gaufarTovdebaT TavianTi kvlevis areali, radgan xelT eqnebaT kidev erTi anbanuri damwer-loba, romlis arsebobac maT icodnen, magram Teoriuli daskvnebisaTvis ga-moyenebis saSualeba ar hqondaT som-xur xelnawerSi Semonaxul anbanSi daSvebuli mravali Secdomis gamo.

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albanuri teqstebis sruli sa-xiT (faqsimile, transkrifcia, Targmani, paraleluri teqsti, aRmoCenisa da ga-Sifvris istoria, gramatikuli aRwera, cnobebi albanuri damwerlobisa da albaneTis istoriis Sesaxeb) gamoqvey-nebas (savaraudoa, 2008 wlis bolos) udidesi mniSvneloba eqneba ara marto kavkasiologiis mravali dargisaTvis, aramed, zogadad, uZvelesi qristianuli mwerlobis Sesaswavlad. gamocemaze

muSaobs mecnierTa jgufi (z. aleqsiZe, i. giperti, J.-p. mae, v. Sulce).

dasasrul, minda erTxel kidev ga-vimeoro, rom sruliad saqarTvelos ka-Tolikos-patriarqis, uwmidesisa da un-etaresis ilia meoris aqtiuri da uSu-alo monawileobis gareSe Cvens Taobas SesaZloa didxans araferi scodnoda sinis mTaze aRmoCenili saganZuris WeSmariti Rirebulebis Sesaxeb.

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saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriar-qis, uwmidesisa da unetaresis ilia II moRvaweobis Sedegad saqarTvelos su-lierebis ganviTarebaSi mniSvnelovani sasikeTo Zvrebi moxda.

rogorc cnobilia, XX saukuneSi saqarTvelo mZime sulier da materi-alur pirobebSi cxovrobda. sabWoTa kavSirSi, sadac saqarTvelo faqto-brivad koloniur mdgomareobaSi iyo, uxeSad irRveoda adamianisa da eris uflebebi. gansakuTrebiT mZime mdgo-mareoba Seiqmna sulieri cxovrebis sferoSi. sarwmunoebisa da erovnuli interesebis damcveli adamianebis mimarT saxelmwifo sagangebo repre-siebs mimarTavda. aseT pirobebSi daiwyo patriarqma Tavisi moRvaweo-ba. man rwmeniT aRsavse gonivruli saqmianobiT qarTvel erSi gaaRviva da ganamtkica qristianul-marTlma-didebluri rwmena, razedac agebuli iyo odiTganve qarTveli eris kul-tura da cnobiereba. patriarqis dam-saxurebaa, rom dRes qarTveli xalxi masobrivad Semobrunda eklesiuri cxovrebisaken; xalxs gauCnda mis-wrafeba icxovros qristianul-mar-Tlmadidebluri moTxovnebis mixed-viT. patriarqis moRvaweobiT aseTi rwmenis gavrceleba da ganmtkiceba drouli da saWiroa CvenTvis, radgan qarTveli xalxi dRes erovnuli sax-elmwifos Camoyalibebis gzaze dgas.

patriarqma didi wvlili Seitana damoukideblobis ideis ganmtkicebaSi, magram damoukideblobis mopovebis Sem-deg verc erTma xelisuflebam qarTvel ers ver dausaxa Tavisufali erovnuli saxelmwifos aSenebis amocana, mizani, idea, rac qarTvel ers gaaerTianebda am amocanis Sesasruleblad.

xelisuflebasa da adamianebs ga-uCndaT kerZo miznebi da amocanebi, romelTa ganxorcielebis procesSi adamianebi, calkeuli jgufebi da par-tiebi daupirispirdnen erTmaneTs, ris gamoc SeuZlebeli gaxda Tavisufali erovnuli saxelmwifos aSeneba.

patriarqma daiwyo moRvaweoba saer-To-erovnuli amocanis dasaxvisaT-vis, rac aucilebelia erovnuli sax-elmwifos mSeneblobis dasawyebad. am mxriv, did mniSvnelobas iZens patri-arqis moRvaweoba, ris Sedegadac Cvenma xalxma daiwyo religiur-kulturuli Zeglebis aRdgena da eklesiuri saqmi-anoba. daiwyo adamianebs Soris dadeb-iTi ganwyobilebebis Camoyalibeba da es urTierTobebi ufro Semwynareb-luri gaxda.

saqarTvelos istoriaSi cnobil saeklesio moRvaweTa saxelebi ekle-siebis mSeneblobasTanaa dakavSirebu-li. sagangebod unda aRiniSnos patri-arq ilia II didi moRvaweoba axali saeklesio mSeneblobis saqmeSi. misi xelmZRvanelobiT aigo samebis ekle-

SoTa nadiraSvili

uwmidesi da unetaresi patriarqi ilia II

qarTveli eris sulierebis mfarveli

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sia, romelic udidesi da brwyinvale nagebobaa. igi ukve did rols asru-lebs xalxis sulieri gaerTianebis saqmeSi. TviT mSeneblobis procesic iqca qarTvelTa daaxloebis da Tanam-Sromlobis arenad. masSi mravalma adamianma Seitana garkveuli wvlili. rogorc patriarqma aRniSna, ar SeiZle-ba ar movixsenioT am saqmeSi didi qa-rTveli mecenati, romelmac Tavisi gva-ris dasaxelebac ar isurva. qarTveli eri didi madlierebiT da pativisce-miT aris ganmsWvaluli batoni biZina ivaniSvilis mimarT.

eris cxovrebaSi patriarqis moR-vaweoba mxolod saeklesio saqmiano-biT ar amoiwureba. misi Sexedulebe-bi qarTveli xalxis cxovrebis wesis, pirovnebis aRzrdis, axalgazrdobis ganaTlebis da, saerTod, mecnierebis Sesaxeb did gavlenas axdens qarTveli eris sulier ganviTarebaze. es Sexed-ulebebi kargad aris warmodgenili pa-triarqis epistoleebSi, rac mis did erudiciaze miuTiTebs.

Cven sagangebod gvinda aRvniSnoT patriarqis mosazrebebi aRzrdisa da swavlebis Sesaxeb, romelTa gaT-valiswineba aucilebelia saskolo swavla-aRzrdis procesSi. patriar-qis azriT, skolaSi bavSvebs unda SevumuSaoT analitikuri azrovne-ba, romlis safuZvelzec SesaZlebe-lia rTul socialur viTarebebSi garkveva da wamoWrili problemebis gadawyveta. analitikuri azrovneba movlenaTa mizezebisa da maTi mimdi-nareobis kanonzomierebaTa gagebis saSualebas iZleva. saqarTveloSi, samwuxarod, politikurma partiebma sakuTari Sexedulebebis damcveli poziciuri azrovneba daamkvidres. am calmxrivi tendenciis dasaZlevad analitikuri azrovnebis swavleba aris saWiro. patriarqis am miTiTebis safuZvelze Camoyalibda fsiqolog-Ta jgufi, romelmac gadawyvita mas-wavleblebisaTvis Seeqmna analiti-

kuri azrovnebis swavlebis meToduri saxelmZRvanelo. masSi dalagebuli iqneba Semecnebis unarebis ganviTa-rebis da analitikuri azrovnebis swavlebis meTodebi. garda amisa, mo-swavleTaTvis Sedgenili iqneba az-rovnebis dauflebisa da gavarjiSebis saxelmZRvanelo.

patriarqma aRniSna isic, rom ax-algazrdebis aRzrdis saqmeSi didi rolis Sesruleba SeuZlia ganwyobis Teorias; misi gamoyenebiT Cven Segvi-Zlia dadebiTi ganwyobebi SevuqmnaT adamianebs maRali, moraluri Rireb-ulebebis mimarT.

gansakuTrebul rols asrulebs pa-triarqi saqarTveloSi narkomaniis wi-naaRmdeg brZolaSi.

narkomania didi ubedurebaa, ro-melic Tavs daatyda kacobriobas. misi SesaZlo tragikuli Sedegebi jer kidev bolomde ar aris gacnobiere-buli. narkomans zogi avadmyofad Tv-lis, zogi _ kriminalad. swori ar iqneba narkomanis mxolod avadmyofad an mxolod damnaSaved CaTvla. kibo-Ti da tifiT adamiani misi survilisa da nebis gareSe avaddeba. narkoma-niiT daavadebaSi ki Tavad individs Seaqvs wvlili. Cveulebrivad, adami-ani Tavisi survilis gareSe am seniT ar avaddeba. man TviTon gamoiwvia es seni _ is eSmakis msaxuri gaxda, riTac xSirad prestiJuli adamianis rols asrulebs; avrcelebs am sens sazogadoebaSi da borotebis samsax-urSi dgeba. sazogadoebam unda gam-onaxos narkomaniis winaaRmdeg brZo-lis efeqturi formebi, raTa daicvas narkomanis sicocxle da suliereba. aseve sazogadoebam unda daicvas Tavi am senis gamavrceleblebisagan.

narkomaniam katastrofulad farTo gavrceleba pova msoflioSi. saqarT-veloSi narkomanTa Tavzardamcem ricxvs asaxeleben. mis winaaRmdeg sabrZolve-lad erisa da mTeli materialuri da sulieri Zalebis Cabma aris saWiro.

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patriarqma narkomaniis winaaRmdeg seriozuli muSaoba daiwyo, masTan sa-brZolvelad saTanado samecniero da sazogadoebrivi organizaciebi Car-To. patriarqis inteleqtualuri da materialuri daxmarebis wyalobiT aRniSnulma organizaciebma narkoma-niis winaaRmdeg seriozuli muSaoba daiwyes.

aRmoCnda, rom narkomaniis winaaRm-deg brZola sami mimarTulebiT aris saWiro:

1. narkomaniis winaaRmdeg muSaoba warmatebiT ver damTavrdeba, Tu xe-lisufleba intensiurad ar CaerTveba am saqmianobaSi. saWiroa kanonebis uki-duresi gamkacreba narkotikebis gama-vrceleblebis winaaRmdeg. fsiqolo-gebma sazogadoebas unda SeumuSaon uaryofiTi ganwyoba, siZulvili nar-kotikebis gamavrceleblebis mimarT. am mimarTulebiT garkveuli progr-amebi muSavdeba. saWiroa maTi gafar-Toeba.

2. seriozuli muSaobaa saWiro Tvi-Ton narkomanebTan. maT sul ufro uZneldebaT sazogadoebrivi cxovreba, samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrule-ba da narkotikebis SeZena. aseTi vi-Tareba ki maT kriminalisken ubiZgebs. maTi mkurnaloba garkveul reJimSi cxovrebas moiTxovs, razedac narkom-anTa mcire raodenoba Tanxmdeba. maT unda SevuqmnaT saTanado ganwyoba, Tavad CaerTon Tavis mkurnalobaSi. sazogadoebaSi unda SemuSavdes nar-komanebisadmi ambivalenturi, ormagi damokidebuleba: TanagrZnoba misi pirovnebisadmi, romelic Sepyrobilia borotebis msaxuris, satanis, mier da siZulvili misi pirovnebis im aspeqtis mimarT, romelic Tanxmdeba borotebas-Tan TanamSromlobas. narkomani avadaa, romelsac gankurneba, Svela unda, da is damnaSavec aris _ borotebas em-saxureba, ar ibrZvis misgan gansaTavi-sufleblad da sxvebsac abams am ube-durebaSi.

3. rogorc vTqviT, axalgazrdobis garkveul nawils narkomanoba erTgvar prestiJul saqmianobad miaCnia. axal-gazrdobis erT nawils narkotikebis gasinjvis interesi aqvs; maTSi arse-bobs imedi imisa, rom roca moindome-ben, masze uars ityvian. aseTi mcdari Sexedulebebi narkomaniis winaaRmdeg brZolas abrkolebs.

fsiqologebma da aRzrdis spe-cialistebma unda gamoimuSaon spe-cialuri meTodebi, romelTa daxmare-biT axalgazrdebs SeumuSaveben mkve-Tr uaryofiT ganwyobas narkotikebisa da narkomanebis mimarT. am ganwyobebSi dominirebuli unda iyos siZulvili da zizRi narkotikebisa da narkom-anebis mimarT. sulac ar aris saWiro axalgazrdobaSi narkomanisadmi, ro-gorc avadmyofisadmi TanagrZnobisa da Sewynarebis gancdis gamomuSaveba. patriarqis davalebiT da daxmare-biT ukve tardeba garkveuli muSaoba fsiqologebisa da fsiqoTerapevtebis mier narkomaniis winaaRmdeg.

patriarqis didi moRvaweobis safuZ-velze CvenSi sul ufro mtkicdeba pa-tiviscema sarwmunoebisadmi, romelic adamianis sulierebas emsaxureba. amave dros patriarqis moRvaweobis Sedegad sul ufro izrdeba CvenSi samSoblos, qarTveli eris ganviTarebisa da ganmt-kicebis moTxovnileba.

qarTveli eri erovnuli saxelmwi-fos aSenebis Znel gzas adgas.

yoveli eri qmnis da inaxavs codnasa da Tavis kulturas, rac aucilebelia adamianTa socialuri cxovrebis or-ganizaciisaTvis. momavali Taobebi eu-flebian da aviTareben mas. ase iqmneba garemo, socialuri pirobebi pirovneba-Ta Sinagani Zalebisa da SesaZleblo-bebis realizaciisaTvis. monur, feoda-lur, diqtatorul da sabazro prin-cipebze agebul sazogadoebebSi ver moxerxda adamianTa idealebis ganxor-cieleba. magram adamianTa miswrafeba gonivruli da moraluri cxovrebisak-

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en sul ufro izrdeba. am miznebis mis-aRwevad aucilebelia im uflebebisa da movaleobebis naTelyofa da aRi-areba, romlebic adamianebs da erebs, rogorc sulier subieqtebs, moekiTxe-baT. didi erebi dResac ver ganTavisu-fldnen imperiuli ambiciebisagan. es badebs mtrobas erebs Soris da erebs SigniT _ adamianebs Soris.

dRes kacobriobis istoriaSi erT-gvari Semobruneba moxda: damoukidebe-li da Tavisufali erovnuli saxelmwi-foebis Camoyalibebis procesi daiwyo. isini didi siZnelis winaSe aRmoCndnen. saqarTveloc swored aseTi siZnelis winaSe dgas. msoflios damoukidebe-li da Tavisufali qveynebis sistemaSi CarTva didi sirTuleebis gadalaxvas moiTxovs. am sirTuleebis daZlevisaT-vis damoukideblobis mopoveba ar aris sakmarisi. damoukidebloba jer kidev ar aris Tavisufleba. fsiqologebisT-vis kargad aris cnobili, rom bavSvi dabadebis Semdeg damoukidebeli or-ganizmi xdeba, magram is jer kidev ar aris Tavisufali arseba. Tavisu-flebis miRweva mas 16_17 wlis asakSi SeuZlia, rodesac man Tavad unda air-Cios cxovrebis wesi, romelsac is Sea-srulebs da romelzec is pasuxismge-blobas aiRebs. aseTsave mdgomareoba-Sia eri. damoukideblobis mopovebis Semdeg man Tavad unda SeZlos Seqm-nas Tavisi arsebobis pirobebi, airCios Tavisi cxovrebis wesi, daamyaros sxva erebTan TanamSromluri urTierToba, gaiTvaliswinos Tavisi da masTan urT-ierTobaSi myofi eri-saxelmwifoebis ufleba-movaleobebi, pasuxi agos Tavis moqmedebebze.

aRmoCnda, rom damoukidebloba Za-lian mZimea. am gzis gavlis Semdeg eri yalibdeba Tavisufal erovnul sax-elmwifod, subieqtad, Tavisufal suli-er arsebad. amitom adamianebi gaurbian damoukideblobas da ara Tavisufle-bas, rogorc es froms egona.

dadginda, rom damoukideblobis-

agan gaqcevis oTxi gza arsebobs: pirveli _ ukan, Zveli patronisaken dabruneba; meore _ axali patronis Zieba; mesame _ nevrozuli fusfusi, riTac adamianebi Tavisuflebis ilu-zias iqmnian. bolo 17 wlis manZilze Cven samive gza ukve vcadeT, meoTxes, Tavisuflebisaken mimaval gzas, jer kidev ver davadeqiT.

erT dros Cveni xelisufleba ukan dabrunebas cdilobda. miRebulad iT-vleboda debuleba: ̀ saqarTvelos ru-seTis gareSe cxovreba ar SeuZlia~. SemdgomSi axali patronis Ziebis periodi daiwyo; miiCneoda, rom Cven axali patronis mfarvelobis qveS unda SevsuliyaviT, aqtualuri gaxda debuleba: `saqarTvelos evropisa da amerikis mfarvelobis gareSe cxovre-ba ar SeuZlia~. daiwyo `nevrozuli fusfusi~. Cven Tavisufali saxelm-wifo rom gavxdeT, unda aRvadginoT `abreSumis gza~, saqarTveloze unda gavataroT navTobisa da gazis milebi, gzebi, unda davemsgavsoT ganviTare-bul saxelmwifoebs; aqamde arsebul-ma verc erTma xelisuflebam qveyanas ver dausaxa erTiani erovnuli mizani, rac gaaerTianebda qarTvel ers Ta-visufali saxelmwifos mSeneblobis saqmeSi. ra miznebisa da amocanebis dasaxvaa amisaTvis saWiro? Cem mier uxerxulia am sakiTxebze msjeloba, magram zogadad mainc vityvi: saqa-rTvelos xelisuflebam unda gamon-axos saqarTvelosTvis prioritet-uli dargebi, romelTa ganviTarebis safuZvelze Cven gavxdebiT erovnuli saxelmwifo. eseni Semdegia: erovnu-li mrewveloba da soflis meurneoba, erovnuli ganaTleba da kultura. erovnul kulturaSi vgulisxmob literaturas, musikas, Teatrs, kinos da sxvadasxva saxis SemoqmedebiT saqmianobas. saWiroa ganviTardes mecniereba, jandacva, sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoeba da samxedro saqme.

aseT viTarebaSi yuradRebiT unda

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movekidoT patriarqis darigebas, rom Cveni qveynis saxelmwifod Camoyali-bebis procesSi yvelaze didi Rireb-uleba RmerTs, ersa da adamians eni-Weba. igi Tavis sulier moRvaweobasa da praqtikul saqmianobaSi warmatebiT amkvidrebs aRniSnul Sexedulebas.

qarTveli xalxi didi mowiwebiT gamoxatavs Tavis siyvaruls saqarT-velos kaTolikos-patriarqis, uwmidesisa da unetaresis ilia II mimarT. usurvebs mas xangrZliv sicocxles, raTa kidev didxans emsaxuros Cveni qveynis suli-eri zrdisa da ganviTarebis saqmes.

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Cems Taobas saqarTvelos istoriis erT-erT umZimes dros ergo cxovreba. komunisturi totalitaruli reJimis represiebis viTarebaSi, sarwmunoebis, eklesiis msaxurTa devnis, eklesiaTa darbevis, urwmunoebis sayovelTao danergvisaTvis brZolis pirobebSi Taobebi izrdebodnen da gaizardnen aTeistebad.

qarTuli eklesia Cveni inteli-genciis mcirericxovani warmomadgen-lebis, sakmaod mcirericxovani mor-wmune mrevlis mxardaWeriT, eklesiis msaxurTa TavdadebiTa da simtkiciT mainc idga fexze da erTgulad icavda Tavis principebs, sakuTar arsebobas, cdilobda gadaerCina eri gadagvarebi-sagan.

miuxedavad sastiki devnisa, qarTul-ma eklesiam, kaTolikos-patriarqebma, rigiTma da maRali donis msaxurebma daicves qarTuli eklesiis Rirseba.

1977 wels gardaicvala kaTolikos-patriarqi daviT V, romelic 1972 wl-idan iyo Cveni eklesiis uzenaesi xe-lisufali. dadga patriarqis `arCevis~ sakiTxi, rac faqtobrivad samTavrobo doneze wydeboda. qarTuli inteli-genciis mcirericxovani jgufi cxum-afxazeTis mitropolits ilia Sio-laSvils uWerda mxars. mas icnobdnen rogorc ganaTlebul, xalxisa da rw-menisaTvis Tavdadebul pirovnebas, mas ukve didi saxeli hqonda moxveWili.

swored amitom saxelisuflo Zalebs ar surdaT, rom eklesiis saTaveSi ase-Ti pirovneba mosuliyo. did WidilSi ilia SiolaSvilis kandidaturam sab-olood gaimarjva. Znelia Tqma, ra Za-lebma imoqmedes, magram am saqmeSi rom gadamwyveti uflis neba iyo, es udavoa. saerTo ganukiTxaobisa da urwmunoe-bis pirobebSi qveyanaSi naTeli adgi-li unda yofiliyo. ufalma sabolood ar gawira RvTismSoblis wilxvedri saqarTvelo.

ilia II kurTxevamde saqarTveloSi eklesias mcirericxovani mrevli hy-avda. magram mis intronizacias svet-icxovlis taZarSi bevri xalxi dae-swro, eklesia da sveticxovlis ezo xalxiT iyo savse, morwmuneebiT, sanax-aobis moyvarulebiTa da saTanado or-ganoTa TanamSromlebis didi raode-nobiT.

kurTxevis dros ilia II TiTqos na-Tels afrqvevda. Cem siaxloves mdgomi Cemi kargi nacnobi aTeistebi gakvirve-bas ver malavdnen.

ilia II aRsaydrebidan eklesiaSi mlocvelTa ricxvma TandaTan imata. intronizaciis erTi wlisTavze ukve mcxeTis misadgomebidan aRar iyo xalxis teva. eklesiaSi axalgazrdoba momravlda, ZiriTadad gogonebi, gulze jvriT, magram iyvnen ymawvilebic. wir-vis dros eklesiaSi teva aRar iyo. uw-midesis, ilia II madli moefina saqa-

mariam lorTqifaniZe

patriarqi da morwmuneni

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rTvelos, xalxi eklesiisaken, rwmeni-saken mobrunda. ar iyo advili aTeuli wlebis manZilze Seqmnili zRurblis gadalaxva. es zRurbli qarTvel xalxs ilis II madlma gadaalaxvina.

zogi skeptikosi eWvs gamoTqvamda, rom axalgazrdobis nawili fexis xmas ahyva. ar aris gamoricxuli, rom eklesiaSi misulTa Soris aTeistebic, saerTo gatacebas ayolilebic iyvnen, magram TandaTan isinic Seicnobdnen rwmenis madls, maTi Svilebi, SviliS-vilebi eklesiurad, morwmuneebad gaiz-rdebodnen.

wirvis, didi saeklesio dResas-waulebis dros, eklesiaSi yovelT-vis iyvnen garkveul samsaxurTa war-momadgenlebi. kargad viciT, rogor

ibarebdnen axalgazrdebs, emuqrebodnen kidec, magram ukve am rwmenis amoZirkva SeuZlebeli iyo da am SemobrunebaSi udidesi Rvawli patriarqs miuZRvis. gaxSirda jvriswerebi, bavSvebs ukve, rogorc wesi, yvela naTlavda. da es yvelaferi jer kidev komunisturi re-Jimis dros xdeboda.

eri imediT Sescqeroda da Ses-cqeris uwmidessa da unetaress. mis locvas auracxeli xalxi eswreba, es-wrafvian misi `epistoleebis~ mosmenas da wakiTxvas, radgan maTSi qveynis moma-vlis imeds xedaven. aTeisti qarTvelo-ba morwmune erad Camoyalibda. yvela marTlmadidebel qarTvels uwmidesisa da unetaresis ilia II didi imedi aqvs. ufali iyos ilia II da Cveni Semwe.

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sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis, uwmidesisa da unetaresis ilia II Rvawli uaRresad mraval-ferovani da nayofieria. albaT SeuZle-belia im damsaxurebis zedmiwevniT aR-nusxva da gadmocema, romlis aRsrule-bac saqarTvelos eklesiis mwyemsmTa-varis maRali sulierebis, ganaTlebis, gonierebisa da sibrZnis Sedegad gaxda SesaZlebeli. kaTolikos-patriarqis moRvaweoba mxolod imiT ar amoiwure-ba, rac dRes yvelasTvis xelSesaxebi da cxadia. masSi bevri ram aris iseTi, rasac udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs Cveni sulierebisa da aRorZinebisTvis, Tumca, Cveulebriv, aseTi Rvawli materialuri TvaliT ar ixilveba da mxolod RvTisT-vis aris sacnauri. misi uwmidesobis pa-triarqobis ocdaaTwliani moRvaweoba erTgvari mowameobaa, ramac dasabami misca Cveni xalxis sulier feriscva-lebas, eklesiurobisagan gaucxoebuli qarTveli eris kvlav eklesiis wiaRSi dabrunebas, rac mxolod da mxolod patriarqis udidesi ZalisxmeviTa da pirovnuli magaliTiT gaxda SesaZle-beli.

yvelasTvis cnobilia, Tu ra mniSvn-eloba hqonda Cveni eklesiisa da eri-saTvis Tbilisis sasuliero akademiis dafuZnebas, romlis gareSec warmoud-geneli iqneboda qarTuli saRvTisme-tyvelo azrovnebis aRorZineba da gan-viTareba, an, Tundac, _ gelaTis akademi-is amoqmedebas, gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademiis dafuZnebas; sasuliero sas-

wavleblebisa da samrevlo skolebis gaxsnas qveynis sxvadasxva regionSi; eklesia-monastrebis aRdgenasa da aRm-Seneblobas; eparqiebis gamravlebasa da axali mRvdelmTavrebis kurTx-evas; axali wmindanebis kanonizacias; saRvTismetyvelo literaturis gamo-cemas; sapatriarqoSi sxvadasxva um-niSvnelovanesi samsaxuris Seqmnas, rac miznad isaxavs eklesiis aRorZinebas; wmida samebis taZris agebas, rac erT-gvari gvirgvinia saqarTvelos kaTo-likos-patriarqis moRvaweobisa.

erTmniSvnelovnad SeiZleba iTq-vas, rom gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba hqonda sulierebis, kulturisa da mec-nierebis aRorZinebisa da ganviTarebis sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-pa-triarqis saerTaSoriso saqvelmoqm-edo fondis dafuZnebas.

rogorc uwmidesi patriarqi Tavis erT-erT epistoleSi aRniSnavs: ̀ saqarT-velo mxolod maSin gadarCeba da daim-kvidrebs Rirseul adgils msoflioSi, Tu igi Tavis tradiciebze dayrdnobiT Seqmnis Tanamedrove teqnologiebsa da miRwevebze dafuZnebul qarTul sax-elmwifos. am orive pirobis Sesruleba metad mniSvnelovania Cveni arsebobisa da Semdgomi ganviTarebisaTvis. Tun-dac erT-erTi maTganis mokleba umZi-mesi Sedegis momtani iqneba qveynisaT-vis~ (saaRdgomo epistole. 23 aprili, 2006 weli).

patriarqis fondi dafuZnda 2005 wlis 8 Tebervals, samebis sakaTedro

mama giorgi zviadaZe

Jami Senebisa...

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taZarSi, rodesac wmida eklesia da sruliad saqarTvelo sazeimod aRniS-navdnen daviT aRmaSeneblis xsenebis dRes.

misma uwmidesobam am dResTan da-kavSirebiT sagangebod aRniSna: `dRes aris gansakuTrebuli, istoriuli dRe. dRes fuZndeba sruliad saqarT-velos kaTolikos-patriarqis fondi, romelsac didi mniSvneloba eqneba saqarTvelosaTvis. es iqneba is fon-di, romlis saqmianobaSic monawile-obis miReba SeeZleba nebismier ada-mians, miuxedavad misi religiuri da erovnuli kuTvnilebisa. es iqneba is fondi, romelic Zalisxmevas ar dai-Surebs, raTa ganamtkicos erovnuli da saxelmwifoebrivi azrovneba; Cven unda vicodeT vina varT, vin viyaviT an vin unda viyoT...

es fondi izrunebs ara marto su-lierebis ganmtkicebisTvis, aramed kulturisa da mecnierebis aRorZinebi-sa da ganviTarebisTvis, rasac udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs saqarTvelos momav-lisaTvis. amitom, Cven gveqneba Zalian mWidro kavSiri Cvens mecnierebaTa aka-demiasTan, Cvens universitetebTan, umaR-les saswavleblebTan da yvelafers gavakeTebT imisaTvis, rom mecnierebs davexmaroT. magram mTavari mainc is aris, rom erovnuli da saxelmwifoe-brivi azrovneba ganmtkicdes CvenSi.~

bunebrivia, fondis dafuZnebasTan erTad Seiqmna debuleba, romelSic gaTvaliswinebul iqna yvela mniS-vnelovani sakiTxi, rac uSualod ukav-Sirdeba fondis muSaobis organizacia-sa da struqturas. fondis saqmianobas, sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-pa-triarqis TavmjdomareobiT, warmarTavs mmarTveli sabWo, romlis Semadgenlo-baSi Sedian: sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis qorepiskoposi, mitropoliti Teodore (WuaZe), mwera-li guram doCanaSvili, saqarTvelos saxalxo artisti anzor erqomaiSvili, xelovnebaTmcodneobis doqtori ru-

sudan lorTqifaniZe, akademikosi SoTa nadiraSvili, saqarTvelos saxalxo artisti, kompozitori biZina kvernaZe, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa erovnuli akademiis prezidenti Tamaz gamyreliZe, akademikosi daviT musxeliSvili, xuT-gzis msoflio da qalTa olimpiadebis TerTmetgzis Cempioni WadrakSi nona gafrindaSvili, kavSiri `nacionaluri lobis~ xelmZRvaneli giorgi andri-aZe, mxatvari rusudan fetviaSvili, xe-lovnebaTmcodne rusudan yenia.

saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriar-qma qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobisadmi xelSewyoba da Tanadgoma fondis moR-vaweobis umTavres prioritetad miiCnia da, Sesabamisad, yoveli warmodgenili proeqtis ganxilvisas mxedvelobaSi miiReba is, Tu ramdenad mniSvnelova-nia ama Tu im proeqtis ganxorcieleba sulierebis, kulturisa da mecnierebis ganviTarebisTvis. sxdomebs, romlebic TveSi erTxel imarTeba, Tavad kaTo-likos-partiarqi warmarTavs, romelic ama Tu im proeqtis safuZvliani ganxil-vis Semdgom, mmarTveli sabWos wevrebT-an erTad iRebs gadawyvetilebas misi dafinansebis Sesaxeb. saWiroebis Sem-TxvevaSi saqarTvelos kaTolikos-pa-triarqi sabWos sxdomaze iwvevs mx-ardaWerili proeqtebis avtorebs, raTa Tavad maTgan moisminos amomwuravi informacia proeqtis mizandasaxulo-bisa da misi ganxorcielebis saSuale-bebis Sesaxeb. patriarqis fondTan ar-sebobs droebiTi komisiebi, romlebic saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi fondis mmarT-vel sabWos uzrunvelyofen kompeten-turi rekomendaciebiTa da daskvnebiT. saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqma saTanadod Seafasa qveyanaSi arsebuli umwvavesi viTareba, rac narkomanias ukavSirdeba da mis winaaRmdeg brZola fondis erT-erT umTavres priorite-tad gamoacxada.

am mizniT, d. uznaZis fsiqologiis institutis mecnierTa jgufis mier es sakiTxi mecnierulad iqna Seswavlili.

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aseve garkveuli samuSao Sesrulda nar-komaniis mimarT sazogadoebis damokide-bulebis gamosavlenad (2005 w.).

kvlevis monacemebze dayrdnobiT SemuSavda sazogadoebaSi antinarkoti-kuli ganwyobis Seqmnis gegma da Seiqmna fondTan arsebuli antinarkotikuli centri (2006 w.), romlis umTavres amo-canas warmoadgens narkomaniis winaaR-mdeg brZolis prevenciuli midgomebis kvleva da ganxorcieleba.

amave programis farglebSi Tbili-sis Taboris mTaze mdebare `feriscva-lebisa~ da martyofis ̀ yovelTa wmida-Tas~ monastrebis daxmarebiT daarsda qimiur nivTierebebze damokidebulebis mqone pirTa narkologiuri fsiqosare-abilitacio centrebi (2006 w.).

fondis muSaoba am kuTxiT sul ufro da ufro kvalificiuri da masStaburi xdeba.

fondis xelSewyobiTa da dafi-nansebiT aRdga qarTuli Jurnalebis: `ciskaris~, `mnaTobisa~ da `literatu-ra da xelovnebis~ gamocema; dafinans-da mravali samecniero, literaturuli, istoriuli, saswavlo-SemecnebiTi Tu avtobiografiuli xasiaTis wigni da gamocema, maT Soris:

_ axalgazrda mecnieris irakli gu-nias wigni `saqarTvelos monastrebi~;

_ Rvawlmosili mecnieris mixeil gafrindaSvilis fundamenturi naS-romi `qarTuli sazogadoebrivi az-rovnebis istoria~;

_ profesor vaxtang jobaZis naS-romi `adreuli Sua saukuneebis qar-Tuli monastrebi istoriul taoSi, klarjeTsa da SavSeTSi~;

_ mweral SoTa xodaSnelis wigni `moqandake, restavratori – karlo ba-kuraZe~;

_ profesor amiran arabulisa da eTer TaTaraiZis wigni-albomi `Sen-dobiT momixsenieT~;

_ wigni _ `Seni ca, ana~, romelic eZRvneba cnobili qarTveli poetis ana kalandaZis 80 wlis iubiles.

_ mayvala berianiZis wigni _ `gul-Si dateuli didi saqarTvelo~. wigni warmoadgens saqarTvelos istorias bavSvebisaTvis (5 nawilad).

fondis TanadgomiT gamomcemlo-ba `xelovnebam~ dabeWda trilogiis pirveli wigni _ ̀ saqarTvelos sulieri saganZuri~, romelSic warmodgenilia saqarTveloSi arsebuli eklesia-mon-astrebis istoria da maTi mniSvneloba Cveni kulturisa da sulierebisTvis. naSromi gamoica qarTul da inglisur enebze.

fondis erT-erTi mTavari prior-itetia kulturuli TanamSromloba ucxoeTSi mcxovreb Cvens Tanamemamu-leebTan.

am programis farglebSi:_ Caiwera lazuri folkloruli

simRerebis pirveli kompaqt-diski; _ dafinansda qarTuli delegaciis

gamgzavreba istoriul lazur qalaq arqabSi (TurqeTi) gamarTul folk-lorul festivalze, sadac pirvelad aJRerda sapatriarqos radio `iveriis~ studiaSi Cawerili axali lazuri sim-Rerebi;

_ daarsda kulturuli centri da sastumro saxli fereidneli qa-rTvelebisaTvis.

fondi did yuradRebas uTmobs qveynis ekonomikuri ganviTarebisa da energetikuli usafrTxoebisaTvis aucilebeli proeqtebis mecnierulad damuSavebasa da momzadebas. am mizniT, fondTan Seiqmna `navTobisa da ga-zis~ droebiTi komisia, romelic muS-aobs saqarTvelos navTobisa da gazis saZiebo da mompovebeli dargis ganvi-Tarebis erovnuli programis SemuSave-baze.

patriarqis fondi yovelwliurad atarebs did saerTaSoriso festivals _ `aRdgomidan amaRlebamde,~ romlis mizania axalgazrdobis daintereseba qarTuli da msoflio klasikuri xe-lovnebiT, ucxoeTSi moRvawe qarTvel xelovanTa da qarTuli kulturiT

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dainteresebul ucxoel Semsrulebel-Ta Semoqmedebis popularizaciiT saqa-rTveloSi.

2006 wels sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis fondTan daars-da qarTuli sagaloblisa da xalx-uri simReris saerTaSoriso centri, romlis mizania lotbarebis momza-deba, samgaloblo saswavleblebisa da folkloruli centrebis daarseba da qarTuli kulturis popularizacia sazRvargareT.

fondi aqtiurad monawileobs qvey-nis kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvisa da gadarCenis saqmeSi.

fondma daafinansa saxelmwifo sa-istorio arqivSi daculi, XII_XIII sau-kuneebiT daTariRebuli, erT-erTi uZve-lesi qarTuli xelnaweri Zeglis – an-Cis saxarebis (oTxTavi) restavracia.

fondi aqtiurad TanamSromlobs sxvadasxva qarTul da saerTaSoriso telemauwyebelTan; misi patronaJiTa da dafinansebiT safuZveli Caeyara sxvadasxva saswavlo-SemecnebiT tele-proeqts; dafinansda sxvadasxva Jan-ris satelevizio-dokumenturi filmi, maT Soris, saxelmwifoTaSorisi tele-radiokompania `mir~-is saqarTvelos warmomadgenlobis mier warmodgenili proeqti _ `eris sulieri aRorZine-ba~; fondis aqtiuri mxardaWeriT mau-wyeblobs damoukidebeli qarTuli telekompania `iveria~.

fondi zrunavs gamoCenil da ax-algazrda qarTvel mxatvarTa Semoq-medebis popularizaciaze. am progra-mis farglebSi moewyo mxatvar reno Turqias dabadebis 80 wlisTavisadmi miZRvnili saRamo da ferweruli da grafikuli namuSevrebis gamofena. agreTve, periodulad tardeba Tematu-ri niSniT Seqmnili sabavSvo naxatebis gamofena-konkursi.

sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis locva-kurTxeviT fon-di aqtiurad muSaobs demografiuli problemis mogvarebisaTvis saWiro

erovnuli programis Seqmnaze. progra-mis amoqmedeba dagegmilia 2008 wlis dasawyisisTvis.

aRsaniSnavia isic, rom fondSi, sru-liad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patri-arqTan, xSirad ikribebian qarTveli mecnierebi, mwerlebi, xelovnebisa da kulturis muSakebi, sazogadoebis war-momadgenlebi, sadac msjeloben sx-vadasxva mniSvnelovan sakiTxze; gansa-kuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba afxaze-Tisa da cxinvalis regionis Temas da im gzebis Ziebas, romlebic aRadgens Cveni xalxebis mSvidobian Tanacxovre-bas erTian saxelmwifoSi.

misi uwmidesobis iniciativiT fondSi xSirad imarTeba saintereso ideebisa da naSromebis prezentacia, romelic sazogadoebisa da mediis did dainteresebas iwvevs.

fondis yoveldRiur saqmianobasa da gamarTul funqcionirebas, mmarTveli sabWos gadawyvetilebebis aRsrulebas da fondis mier gacemuli grantebis miznobriv xarjvaze kontrols uzrun-velyofs fondis samdivno, romelsac xelmZRvanelobs aRmasrulebeli mdi-vani.

fonds finansur mxardaWeras uw-even qarTveli da ucxoeli mecenatebi. gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia fondis-admi saqarTvelos mosaxleobis mier gaweuli finansuri mxardaWera.

darwmunebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom fondma qarTveli sazogadoebriobis didi ndoba da Tanadgoma moipova, rac, bunebrivia, ganpirobebulia imiT, rom misi Tavmjdomare Tavad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi, uwmidesi da un-etaresi ilia meorea, romelic udidesi avtoritetiT sargeblobs ara marto Tavis samSobloSi – saqarTveloSi, aramed mTel marTlmadideblur sa-myaroSi. ar SeiZleba ar aRiniSnos, rom saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesi-is saWeTmpyroblis locva-kurTxeviT fonds hyavs uaRresad kompetenturi mmarTveli sabWo, romlis Semadgenlo-

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baSic Cveni inteligenciis TvalsaCino warmomadgenlebi arian. fonds samo-mavlod Zalian mniSvnelovani miznebi aqvs dasaxuli, romelTa ganxorciele-bac, vfiqrobT, didad Seuwyobs xels saxelmwifoebriv aRmSeneblobas, su-lierebis, kulturisa da mecnierebis Semdgom aRorZinebasa da ganviTare-

bas. imedi gvaqvs, rom RvTis madliT, uwmidesi da unetaresi patriarqis si-brZniTa da saqarTvelos mosaxleobis SewevniT fondis saqmianoba momavalSi kidev ufro warmatebuli iqneba, rac, uTuod, gulisxmobs qarTuli saxelm-wifosa da saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiisadmi Tanadgomas.

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XX saukunis miwurulsa da XXI saukunis damdegs, mesame aTaswleulis mijnaze, saqarTveloSi momxdarma um-niSvnelovanesma movlenebma didi gav-lena iqonia qarTveli eris politi-kur, ekonomikur, kulturul da sulier cxovrebaze. qveyanam aRidgina dakar-guli saxelmwifoebrivi damoukide-bloba da Tavis bunebriv mdgomareo-bas daubrunda – gaagrZela qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis samiaTaswlovani tradicia. amasTanave, Seudga demokra-tiuli, samarTlebrivi saxelmwifos mSeneblobas.

saxelmwifoebrivi mSeneblobis ur-Tules problemebTan erTad gadasaw-yveti iyo saqarTvelos marTlmadide-beli eklesiis, agreTve sxva religi-uri organizaciebis samarTlebrivi mdgomareobis, saxelmwifos da eklesi-is urTierTobis, rwmenisa da aRmsare-blobis Tavisuflebis sakanonmdeblo reglamentaciis sakiTxebi.

Tanamedrove etapze am sakiTxebis gadawyveta TiTqos ioli saqme unda yofiliyo, radganac sayovelTaodaa cnobili rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis sferoSi adamianis ZiriTadi ufle-bebi da religiuri organizaciebis Tanasworuflebianobis saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi standartebi. bunebriv-ia, demokratiuli, samarTlebrivi sax-elmwifos mSenebloba moiTxovda, uwin-ares yovlisa, swored am sayovelTaod

aRiarebuli saerTaSoriso samarT-lebrivi normebisa da principebis gad-moRebas nacionalur kanonmdeblobaSi. magram, amasTanave, gasaTvaliswinebeli iyo qarTuli saxelmwifos istori-uli gamocdileba da qarTveli eris tradiciebi.

qarTveloba uZvelesi qristiani marTlmadidebeli eria. saqarTvelos mosaxleobis didi umravlesoba marTl-madidebeli qristiania, Tumca qristian-uli sarwmunoebis mniSvneloba qarT-velobisaTvis mxolod morwmune mrev-lis raodenobiT rodi ganisazRvreba. qristianulma marTlmadideblobam Ca-moayaliba mravalsaukunovani qarTuli kultura, erovnuli msoflmxedveloba da faseulobebi. rogorc ilia WavWavaZe werda: „qristianobam Segvinaxa Cven Cveni miwa-wyali, Cveni ena, Cveni vinaoba, Cveni erovneba... qristianoba niSnavda mTels saqarTvelos... niSnavda qarTv-elobas... qarTveli da qristiani erTisa da imave mniSvnelobis sityvebi arian.”1 qristianuli sarwmunoebis aseTi mniS-vneloba qarTveli erisTvis Sedegi iyo saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli samoci-qulo eklesiis TavauRebeli moRvaweo-bisa, romelic mudam erovnul niadagze idga da udides rols asrulebda saqa-rTvelos damoukidebeli saxelmwifos

� ilia WavWavaZe. qarTveli eri da Rvawli wm.ilia WavWavaZe. qarTveli eri da Rvawli wm. ninosi. _ wignSi: naTeli qristesi _ saqarT-velo. wigni I, Tbilisi, 2003 w., gv. 40.

joni xecuriani

sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II

da konstituciuri SeTanxmeba

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Camoyalibebis, qarTveli eris fizikuri da sulieri gadarCenisTvis brZolis istoriul procesSi. Tamamad SeiZle-ba iTqvas, rom qarTuli civilizaciis mTavari safuZveli swored rom mar-Tlmadidebloba iyo. sruliad saqarT-velos kaTolikos-patriarqi, uwmidesi da unetaresi ilia II brZanebs: „bevri ram, riTac amayobs Cveni eri literatu-ris, arqiteqturisa da xelovnebis sxva sferoSi, qristianuli sulierebisa da civilizaciis safuZvelze Seiqmna.”1

swored amitom iyo, rom istoriulad qristianuli marTlmadidebloba saqa-rTveloSi saxelmwifo religia iyo. es periodi yvelaze xangrZlivia da mra-val saukunes iTvlis.

me-19 saukunis dasawyisSi ruseTis imperiis mier saqarTvelos aneqsias Sedegad mohyva qarTuli saxelmwifoe-briobis gauqmeba da saqarTvelos mar-Tlmadidebeli eklesiis avtokefaliis dakargva. Cveni saxelovani winapre-bis, TvalsaCino sasuliero da saero moRvaweebis, mTeli qarTuli sazoga-doebis erToblivi mecadineobiTa da ZalisxmeviT 1917 wels saqarTvelos marTlmadidebelma eklesiam aRidgina avtokefalia. ruseTis imperiaSi qar-Tuli eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgena ara mxolod Cveni eklesiisTvis warT-meuli TviTmmarTvelobis uflebis xe-laxla mopovebas niSnavda, aramed gar-eSe Zalebis mier gauqmebuli qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis aRdgenis dasawy-iss moaswavebda. marTlac, 1918 wlis 26 maiss saqarTvelom saxelmwifoebrivi damoukidebloba moipova da demokrati-uli respublikis formiT Camoyalibda. demokratiuli respublikis mTavrobasa da parlamentSi umravlesobas social-demokratebi Seadgendnen, romelTa socialisturi ideologia aTeistur principebs eyrdnoboda da, bunebrivia, marTlmadidebeli eklesiisadmi keTil-ganwyobili ver iqneboda. saqarTvelos

� ix. naTeli qristesi _ saqarTvelo, wigni I,ix. naTeli qristesi _ saqarTvelo, wigni I, Tbilisi, 2003 w., gv. 502.

pirveli respublikis konstituciiT (1921 w.), arc erT sarwmunoebas ar mieni-Wa upiratesoba, saxelmwifo da eklesia gancalkevebul subieqtebad aRiares. manamde, 1918 wlis 26 noembris kanoniT gaauqmes saRvTo sjulis swavleba da saRvTo sjulis maswavleblis Tanam-deboba „yoveli tipisa da safexuris saxazino da kerZo uflebian skolaSi.” 1919 wlis 17 ivnisis kanoniT ki uqme dReTa CamonaTvalidan amoiRes sau-flo dResaswaulebi. samagierod, samo-qalaqo uqme dReebad gamoacxades ru-seTis didi revoluciis pirveli dRe – 12 marti da internacionalis dResas-wauli _ pirveli maisi.2

1921 wels sabWoTa ruseTis mier saqarTvelos demokratiuli respub-likis okupaciasa da aneqsias mohyva 70-wliani agresiuli aTeizmis epoqa, rodesac aTeizmi saxelmwifo ideolo-giis rangSi iyo ayvanili. sabWouri konstituciebiT eklesia gamoyofili iyo saxelmwifosagan, xolo skola – eklesiisagan. am periodSi eklesia, yovelgvar samarTlebriv safuZvlebs moklebuli, ganagrZobda arsebobas. saqarTvelos revkomis 1921 wlis 15 aprilis dekretiT, saqarTvelos mar-Tlmadidebel eklesias iuridiuli piris statusi CamoerTva. komunisturi reJimis dros sarwmunoebisadmi mtru-lad ganwyobili xelisuflebisagan aunazRaurebeli vneba da ziani miadga qarTul eklesias. administraciuli wesiT daxures eklesia-monastrebis umravlesoba, bevri ki dawves, daangries an aradaniSnulebisamebr gamoiyenes, mTeli saeklesio qoneba konfiskebul iqna, xolo sasuliero pirebis didi nawili – represirebuli.3

miuxedavad imisa, rom eklesiis

� saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikissaqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis samarTlebrivi aqtebis krebuli. 1918-1921, Tbilisi, 1990 w., gv. 110, 197.

� ix. sergo vardosaniZe, 1917-1977 wlebis matia-ix. sergo vardosaniZe, 1917-1977 wlebis matia-ne. _ wignSi: naTeli qristesi _ saqarTvelo. wigni I, Tbilisi, 2003 w., gv. 476-484.

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samarTlebriv mdgomareobaSi raime xelSesaxebi cvlileba ar momxdara da sabWoTa xelisufleba kvlavac ganagrZobda aTeisturi ideologiis principebis gulmodgine danergvas sazogadoebaSi, gasuli saukunis 70-iani wlebidan sruliad saqarTvelos kaTo-likos-patriarqis, ilia II ZalisxmeviT daiwyo saqarTvelos marTlmadidebe-li eklesiis aRorZinebis rTuli pro-cesi, romlis mizani iyo ara mxolod sakuTriv eklesiis organizaciuli da materialuri safuZvlebis ganmtkice-ba, aramed qarTvel erSi „erovnuli TviT cnobis” gaRviveba, qarTuli cno-bierebis dabruneba, qarTveli eris mo-qceva Tavisi tradiciuli religiuri da zneobrivi sawyisebisken. saqarT-velos sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi qar-Tuli eklesiis rolis gazrdam didad Seuwyo xeli am wlebSi erovnul-gan-maTavisuflebeli moZraobis gamoRvi-Zebasa da aRmavlobas, rac 1991 wlis 9 aprils saqarTvelos saxelmwifoe-brivi damoukideblobis aRdgeniT dag-virgvinda.

saxelmwifos saTaveSi mosuli erovnuli xelisufleba saqarTvelos axali konstituciis miRebamde Seudga sabWoTa saqarTvelos 1978 wlis kon-stituciis modernizebas. cvlileba garkveulwilad Seexo saxelmwifosa da eklesiis urTierTobas. Tu konsti-tuciis adrindel redaqciaSi aRniSnu-li iyo, rom „saqarTvelos ss respub-likaSi eklesia gamoyofilia saxelm-wifosgan da skola – eklesiisagan” (50-e muxli), cvlilebebis Semdeg kon-stituciis es debuleba ase Camoyalib-da: „saqarTvelos respublikaSi ekle-sia gamoyofilia saxelmwifosgan.” konstituciuri cvlilebis azridan gamomdinare, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom sax-elmwifo da eklesia gancalkevebul, erTmaneTisgan damoukidebel subi-eqtebad arian miCneulni, Tumca amasve ver vityviT skolisa da eklesiis urT-ierTobaze. konstitucia eklesiisa da

skolis urTierTobas pirdapir da imperatiulad aRar krZalavda. amis Sedegad zogierTma saswavlebelma im wlebSi Tavisi iniciativiT aRadgina saRvTo sjulis swavleba. erovnuli xelisuflebis iniciativiT, amasTanave, gauqmda qarTveli erisaTvis ucxo dResaswaulebi da aRdga tradiciuli, maT Soris sauflo dResaswaulebi, riTac xelisuflebam daadastura Ta-visi keTilganwyoba eklesiis mimarT.1 cnobili garemoebebis gamo saxelmwi-fosa da eklesiis urTierTobis samar-Tlebrivi mowesrigebis RonisZiebebi maSin, samwuxarod, amiT amoiwura.

1993 wlidan saqarTveloSi dai-wyo konstituciuri procesi, romelic or-naxevari weli mimdinareobda uki-duresad daZabuli Sidapolitikuri viTarebis pirobebSi da romlis mizani iyo damoukidebeli saqarTvelos ri-giT meore konstituciis SemuSaveba. umTavresi sakiTxi, romelic konsti-tuciuri procesis yvela etapze cx-are diskusiebis sagans warmoadgenda da mravaljer ganicada cvlileba, saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis sakiTxi iyo, radganac igi uSualod iyo daka-vSirebuli im periodSi xelisuflebi-saTvis gaCaRebul brZolasTan. amitom man Tavisi aqtualurobiT daCrdila sxva aranakleb mniSvnelovani saxelm-wifo-samarTlebrivi, maT Soris sax-elmwifosa da eklesiis urTierTobis konstituciur-samarTlebrivi regla-mentaciis problemebi. sakonstitucio komisiaSi diskusiebi saxelmwifosa da eklesiis urTierTobis problemaze saerTod ar gamarTula, xolo qveynis ZiriTadi kanonis proeqtis TiTqmis yve-la variantSi ucvlelad iyo moyvanili am sakiTxis gadawyvetis trafaretuli debulebebi: saxelmwifo da eklesia erTmaneTisagan damoukidebelia da uz-runvelyofilia rwmenisa da aRmsare-blobis Tavisufleba. konstituciis

� ix. daviT CikvaiZe, saeklesio samarTlis saki-ix. daviT CikvaiZe, saeklesio samarTlis saki-Txebi, wigni I, Tbilisi, 2004 w., gv. 40.

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proeqtis SemuSavebis daskvniT etapze sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-pa-triarqis, uwmidesisa da unetaresis ilia II iniciativiT saxelmwifosa da eklesiis urTierTobis zemoaRniS-nul debulebas daemata, erTi SexedviT, TiTqos deklaraciuli, magram Tavisi azriT metad mniSvnelovani winadade-ba: „saxelmwifo aRiarebs qarTuli marTlmadidebluri eklesiis gansa-kuTrebul rols saqarTvelos isto-riaSi.” radganac es Canaweri qarTu-li eklesiis rols retrospeqtivaSi ganixilavda, politikurad uaRresad mravalspeqtrian parlamentSi masze yuradReba ar gamaxvilebula saqarT-velos konstituciis saboloo teqs-tis miRebisas.

amrigad, sruliad saqarTvelos ka-Tolikos-patriarqis winadadebis gaT-valiswinebiT, saqarTvelos axalma (1995 wlis) konstituciam saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris urTierTobis gansaz-Rvrisas sami umniSvnelovanesi princi-pi daadgina:

pirveli, eklesia damoukidebelia saxelmwifosgan;

meore, saxelmwifo acxadebs rw-menisa da aRmsareblobis srul Tavi-suflebas;

mesame, saxelmwifo aRiarebs qarTu-li marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gansa-kuTrebul rols saqarTvelos isto-riaSi.

axlad miRebuli konstituciis Za-laSi Sesvlis Semdeg farTod gaiSa-la samarTalSemoqmedebiTi saqmiano-ba konstituciiT gaTvaliswinebuli kanonebis miRebis, saxelmwifoebrivi da sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis TiTqmis yvela sferoSi sakanonmdeblo safuZ-vlebis Seqmnisa da moqmedi kanonmde-blobis mTeli masivis konstitucias-Tan SesabamisobaSi moyvanis mizniT.

dRis wesrigSi dadga religiuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb kanonis miRebis sakiTxic. samTavrobo Tu arasamTav-robo organizaciebis mier SemuSavebu-

li kanonproeqtebi, rogorc wesi, erTi sakanonmdeblo aqtiT yvela religiuri gaerTianebis samarTlebrivi statusis gansazRvris mcdelobas warmoadgenda. iyo agreTve winadadebebi konfesiebis tradiciul da aratradiciul relig-iur gaerTianebebad dayofisa da, Ses-abamisad, maTi gansxvavebuli samarT-lebrivi reglamentaciis Sesaxeb.

imTaviTve cxadi gaxda, rom erT sakanonmdeblo sibrtyeze yvela re-ligiuri gaerTianebis samarTlebrivi mdgomareobis da maT saqmianobasTan dakavSirebuli urTierTobebis mowes-rigeba ar iqneboda marTebuli. saqme isaa, rom saqarTvelos konstitucia, garda imisa, rom acxadebda rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis srul Tavisuflebas, saxelmwifosgan eklesiis damoukide-blobas, amave dros, rogorc ukve aRvniS-neT, aRiarebda qarTuli marTlmadide-beli eklesiis gansakuTrebul rols saqarTvelos istoriaSi. am istoriul rols emateboda isic, rom aRorZineb-uli marTlmadidebeli eklesia sul ufro mniSvnelovan rols asrulebda qarTveli eris sulier cxovrebaSi ara marto warsulSi, aramed dResac, Tanamedrove pirobebSi. amitom saqarT-velos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis es gansakuTrebuli roli da mniSvneloba moiTxovda misi samarTlebrivi regla-mentaciis araordinarul gadawyvetas.

amocana metad rTuli iyo, magram moiZebna istoriuli da iuridiuli TvalsazrisiT misi gadawyvetis mar-Tebuli forma. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis, ilia II wina-dadebiT, saqarTvelos marTlmadide-beli eklesis statusis da misi samar-Tlebrivi mdgomareobis sakiTxebis gansazRvrisaTvis saxelmwifosa da eklesias, rogorc or damoukidebel subieqts Soris konstituciuri SeTanx-meba unda dadebuliyo. „saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris urTierToba Taname-drove etapze, _ brZanebda patriarqi, _ gansxvavebul midgomas moiTxovs, rac

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ganpirobebulia qveynis Sidapoliti-kuri mowyobiT da aseve saerTaSoriso situaciis gaTvaliswinebiT. aqedan ga-momdinare, saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris urTierTobis yvelaze misaReb formad miCneul iqna konstituciuri SeTanxmeba.”1

konstituciuri SeTanxmeba sruli-ad axali instituti iyo qarTul samar-TalSi. am SeTanxmebas konstituciuri imitom ewoda, rom misi dadebis Sesa-Zlebloba, procedurebi da subieqtTa wre mxolod saxelmwifos ZiriTadi kanoniT unda gansazRvruliyo. amasTa-nave, konstituciur SeTanxmebas qveynis ZiriTadi kanonis Semdeg upiratesi iu-ridiuli Zala eqneboda sxva samarT-lebrivi aqtebis mimarT.

saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris urTierTobis aseTi forma, bunebrivia, konstituciur cvlilebebs moiTxovda. 2000 wels am mizniT gamoqveynebuli konstituciuri cvlilebebis kanon-proeqtis ganxilva mwvave diskusiebiT warimarTa, romelSic monawileobdnen rogorc samTavrobo, ise arasamTav-robo organizaciebi, sasuliero Tu saero pirebi, mecnierebi, speciali-stebi, politikuri partiebi, umaRlesi skolebi da sxv. gamoiTqva mosazrebe-bi, rom konstituciuri SeTanxmebisT-vis esoden maRali iuridiuli Zalis miniWeba gamoiwvevda religiuri or-ganizaciebis Tanasworuflebianobis darRvevas, rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb adamianis ufle-bebis Selaxvas, marTlmadideblobis saxelmwifo religiad gadaqcevas da a.S. am mosazrebebis usafuZvloba dama-jereblad da argumentirebulad iqna dasabuTebuli kanonproeqtis sajaro ganxilvisas. sabolood, saRma azrma gaimarjva da saqarTvelos umaRlesi aRmasrulebeli da sakanonmdeblo xe-lisufleba darwmunda konstituci-uri SeTanxmebis institutis SemoRebis

� ix. sapatriarqos uwyebani, 2002 w. 18-24 oqtom-ix. sapatriarqos uwyebani, 2002 w. 18-24 oqtom-beri, gv. 4.

mizanSewonilobaSi. 2001 wlis 30 marts saqarTvelos

konstituciaSi Setanili cvlilebebis Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos saxelmwi-fosa da saqarTvelos samociqulo av-tokefaliuri marTlmadidebeli ekle-siis urTierToba ganisazRvra konsti-tuciuri SeTanxmebiT.

zemoaRniSnulma konstituciurma cvlilebebma sakanonmdeblo safuZve-li Seqmnes saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris konstituciuri SeTanxmebis dadebisTvis, rac ganxorcielda kidec 2002 wlis 14 oqtombers. mcxeTaSi svet-icxovlis sapatriarqo taZarSi kon-stituciur SeTanxmebas xeli moaweres saqarTvelos saxeliT saqarTvelos prezidentma da saqarTvelos samoci-qulo avtokefaliuri marTlmadidebe-li eklesiis saxeliT – sruliad saqa-rTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqma.

xelmoweris ceremoniisas kaTo-likos-patriarqma ilia II aseTi sityve-biT mimarTa saqarTvelos prezidents: „bunebrivia, araerTi umniSvnelovanesi dokumentisTvis gaqvT xeli mowerili, magram vfiqrob, eris sasicocxlo in-teresebidan gamomdinare, es SeTanxmeba erT-erTi yvelaze gamorCeulia. uflis nebis gareSe araferi xdeba.”2

konstituciur SeTanxmebaSi saqa-rTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesia aRiarebulia sajaro samarTlis iu-ridiul pirad, gansazRvrulia ekle-siis uflebamosilebebi kulturul-saganmanaTleblo, Tavdacvis, iusticiis, socialuri dacvis sferoebSi, ekle-siis sakuTrebad gamocxadebulia saqa-rTvelos mTel teritoriaze arsebuli marTlmadidebluri taZrebi, monastre-bi, miwis nakveTebi, saxelmwifo dacva-Si (muzeumebSi, sacavebSi) arsebuli saeklesio saganZuri. saxelmwifo adas-turebs XIX_XX saukuneebSi, saxelmwi-foebrivi damoukideblobis dakargvis periodSi eklesiisaTvis materialuri

� ix. sapatriarqos uwyebani, 2002 w. 18-24 oqtom-ix. sapatriarqos uwyebani, 2002 w. 18-24 oqtom-beri, gv. 5.

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da moraluri zianis miyenebis faqts da iRebs valdebulebas materialuri zianis nawilobriv kompensaciaze.

konstituciuri SeTanxmeba mtkice samarTlebrivi safuZvelia saqarT-velos marTlmadidebeli eklesiisaT-vis. masSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Setana SesaZlebeli iqneba mxolod saxelmwifosa da eklesiis urTierTSe-TanxmebiT. amasTanave, saxelmwifo or-ganoebis mier konstituciuri SeTanx-mebis normebisa da principebis sawi-naaRmdegod gamocemul samarTlebriv aqtebs iuridiuli Zala ar eqnebaT.

konstituciuri SeTanxmebis dade-bas unda mohyoloda mTeli wyeba nor-matiuli aqtebisa, romlebic moawes-rigebdnen jvrisweris saxelmwifo aRi-arebis, samxedro-sajariso formirebeb-Si, Tavisuflebis aRkveTis adgilebSi moZRvris institutis SemoRebis, sagan-manaTleblo dawesebulebebSi marTl-madidebluri sarwmunoebis Sesaxeb sa-gnis swavlebis, kulturuli memkvidre-obis dacvisa da sargeblobis, eklesii-saTvis miyenebuli materialuri zianis kompensaciis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris war-moSobil urTierTobebs.

miuxedavad saqarTvelos preziden-tis 2003 wlis 7 ianvris brZanebulebisa,

samwuxarod, es sakiTxebi jerjerobiT Seuswavleli da gadauwyveteli rCeba, ris gamoc konstituciuri SeTanxmebis mniSvnelovani debulebebis amoqmedeba ferxdeba. rogorc Cans, jer kidev ar dasrulebula saxelmwifosa da saqa-rTvelos marTlmadidebel eklesias Soris urTierTobis momwesrigebeli sakanonmdeblo aqtebis Seqmnis pro-cesi. vfiqrobT, am sferoSi samarTal-Semoqmedebis gaaqtiureba unda icqes Cveni sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebis erT-erT prioritetul mimarTulebad.

amasTan dakavSirebiT, sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II brZanebs:

„konstituciuri SeTanxmeba aris did-mniSvnelovani nabiji da movlena. magram, amave dros, es aris mxolod ZiriTadi mimarTulebis ganmsazRvreli xelSek-ruleba, romlis ganxorcieleba unda moxdes saxelmwifos mxridan sxvadasxva samarTlebrivi aqtebis miRebiT.

iwyeba axali etapi saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris urTierTobisa da is yoveldRiur did Sromas moiTxovs. dRes Cven yvelam kidev ufro meti pa-suxismgebloba aviReT RvTis, erTma-neTisa da sazogadoebis winaSe da es bevrs gvavalebs.”1

� ix. sapatriarqos uwyebani, 2002 wlis 18-24 oq-ix. sapatriarqos uwyebani, 2002 wlis 18-24 oq-tomberi, gv. 4-5.

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efeselTa mimarT epistoleSi pav-le mociquli qristes mimdevrebs as-wavlis, rogor aRiWurvon WeSmaritebis dasacavad materialur samyaroSi, sa-dac sulni ukeTurebisani batonoben, kerZod, farad sarwmunoebis, xolo maxvilad RmrTis sityvis gamoyenebas urCevs: `yovelsa Sina aRiReT fari igi sarwmunoebisa, romliTa SeuZloT yovelTa maT isarTa borotisaTa ganx-urvebulTa daSretad. da Cafxuti igi cxovrebisaÁ daidgiT da maxvili igi sulisaÁ, romel ars sityuaÁ RmrTisaÁ~ (ef. 6, 16-17).

marTlac, qristianul sarwmunoe-bas, mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs WeSmariti qristianuli sarwmunoeba, Tavisi arse-bobis manZilze sxva iaraRi arc ga-mouyenebia da arc erT qveyanaSi Zal-datanebiTa da fizikuri ganadgurebis SiSiT ar gavrcelebula. mociqulebma, mociqulTa mowafeebma da, saerTod, pirvelma qristianulma eklesiam, ro-melic daaxloebiT 120-mde wevrs iT-vlida, macxovris moZRvreba imdroin-del msoflioSi mxolod sityvis Za-liT, qadagebiT gaavrceles. erT Tavis qadagebaSi wm. ioane oqropiri, roca qristianobis, rogorc erTdaerTi WeS-mariti religiis, Sesaxeb saubrobs, msmenelebs mimarTavs, warmoidginon kaci, romelic ierusalimidan gamovida da gzas daadga mxolod joxiTa da ramdenime wigniT xelSi. vinmes rom am

kacisTvis ekiTxa, sad midioda, mas ki pasuxad gaeca _ romSi mivdivar mis dasapyrobado, SemkiTxveli aucile-blad ifiqrebda, rom ucnauri mgzavri an Tavis gonebaze aRar iyo, an sizmars xedavda. magram Cven viciT, rom petre mociqulma pavle mociqulTan erTad marTlac daipyro uzarmazari imperi-is mrisxane dedaqalaqi romi, romlis moqalaqenic gansakuTrebuli qedmaR-lobiT gamoirCeodnen, da daipyro igi sityviT.

SeuZlebelia, vinmes ukeT esmodes Zala sityvisa _ logosisa, vidre WeS-marit qristians, romelic Tayvans scems sityva RmerTs, ieso qristes. aqe-dan gamomdinare, qristiani moazrovne-ni gansakuTrebiT ufrTxildebodnen da pativs scemdnen saerTod sityvas da, cxadia, adamianis sulieri zrdisa da ganviTarebisaTvis sityvieri xe-lovnebis mniSvnelobac kargad esmo-daT. maT icodnen, rom rogorc sxeu-li ganmtkicebisa da moqmedebisaTvis aucileblad saWiroebs materialur sakvebs, aseve saWiroebs sazrdels su-lic, romelsac misTvis WeSmaritebis sityva warmoadgens da romelic mas RmrTisa da moyvasis samsaxuris Zalas aZlevs. amasTan, ramdenadac qristiano-ba adamianze, romelic Semoqmedma Tavi-sufali nebiT daajildova, yovelgvar Zaldatanebas gamoricxavs, yvela qveya-naSi, sadac ki qristes moZRvreba gavr-

gvanca koplataZe

sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis, uwmidesisa da

unetaresis ilia II saganmanaTleblo-sagamomcemlo moRvaweoba

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celda, eklesia xalxSi ganaTlebis Setanas cdilobda, raTa adamianebs sarwmunoebrivi aRmsareblobis miRebi-sas Tavisufali arCevanis gakeTebis SesaZlebloba miscemodaT. ase rom, qristianoba da wigniereba Tavidanve ganuyofel cnebebad iqca da qristes moZRvrebis gavrcelebas qristianuli mecnierebisa da filosofiis warmoSo-bac umokles droSi mohyva. saxarebis pirveli mkvlevari pavle mociquli brZandeboda, xolo pirveli qris-tiani filosofosi wm. mowame iustine II saukuneSi moRvaweobda. pirvelive saukuneebSi warmoiSva da Camoyalib-da, agreTve, sasuliero mwerloba Ta-visi mravalferovani dargebiT. amitom qristianTa sulebisaTvis gamzadebul tablas Tavidanve amSvenebda sameufo sazrdeli _ RmrTeebrivi sityva anu sasuliero mwerloba, romelic miwi-eri yofis moTxovnilebebiT gauxeSe-buli gulebisaTvis igivea, rac zeTi Camqrali kandelisa da wvima gvalviT gaficxebuli, damskdari miwisaTvis.

Cveni xalxi im erTa ricxvs ekuT-vnis, romelnic, RmrTis wyalobiT, qristes naTels pirvelive saukuneSi eziarnen; meoTxe saukunidan moyole-buli ki, roca qristianoba saxelm-wifo religiad gamocxadda, rCeuli Svilebis Tavdadebuli moRvaweobis Sedegad, patara saqarTvelo cdilobda mwignobrobisa da ganaTlebis saqmeSi qristianuli kulturis akvnis _ TviT bizantiis imperiisaTvisac ki ar daedo toli. amaze rogorc originaluri qa-rTuli sasuliero mwerloba, romelic bizantiurs mxolod raodenobrivad Tu CamorCeba, aseve sxva enebidan, upi-ratesad ki berZnulidan Targmnili didZali saRmrTismetyvelo literatu-rac metyvelebs. aqve SevniSnavT, rom Targmnili Zeglebi, rogorc qarTuli enis araCveulebriv gamomsaxvelobiT Zalas, romelic Sesabamisad misi Semqm-neli xalxis azrovnebis maRal doneze miuTiTebs, aseve mTargmnelTa RmrTiv-

sulierebasa da maRalniWierebasac adastureben.

ra Tqma unda, qveyanaSi sagan-manaTleblo saqmianobas ZiriTadad eklesia da misi saukeTeso moRvaweni warmarTavdnen. IX saukunidan qarTul eklesia-monastrebTan rogorc CvenSi, ise sazRvargareTac ramdenime mZlavri saliteraturo skola Seiqmna. tao-klarjeTsa Tu sinisa da aTonis mTaze moRvawe qarTveli mwignobari berebi, romelTac kargad esmodaT, rom qvey-nis simtkicis upirvelesi burji swo-ri sarwmunoeba da masze dafuZnebuli maRali zneoba iyo, dResa da Rames as-worebdnen, raTa qarTvelTa sulier tablas siuxve da mravalferovneba ar mohkleboda.

samwuxarod, jer XIII saukuneSi mon-Rolebis Semosevam, xolo Semdeg, XV saukuneSi bizantiis imperiis dacemam, ris Sedegadac qarTuli saxelmwifo mahmadianur zRvaSi Cakarguli patara kunZuli aRmoCnda, es gacxovelebuli kulturul-saganmanaTleblo moR-vaweoba karga xniT SeaCera. bunebrivia, sulieri sazrdelis moklebam Cvens erovnul saxesac da zneobasac Tavi-si mZime daRi daasva. amitomac erisa da qveynis bedze dafiqrebulma mam-uliSvilebma qristianul samyarosTan dasakavSireblad axali gzebis Zieba daiwyes. SeuZlebelia uaryofa imisa, rom miuxedavad saxelmwifoebriobi-sa da politikuri Tavisuflebis da-kargvisa, marTlmadideblur ruseTTan SeerTebis Sedegad qarTul saRmrTism-etyvelo azrovnebas, iseve rogorc saerTod qarTul mwerlobas, romelsac sxva qristianul erebTan kulturuli urTierTobis saSualeba didi xnis ganmavlobaSi warTmeuli hqonda, erT-gvari aRorZineba daetyo; samwuxarod, es procesi ruseTis qristianuli impe-riis ZaliT damxobam da mis nangreve-bze aTeisturi imperiis Seqmnam Sew-yvita, romelmac Tavi uwinaresad sarw-munoebisa da eklesiis devniT gamoiC-

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ina. calke saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi mahmadianTa TareSiTa da calke XIX saukuneSi aTeisturi mecnierebisa da filosofiis zegavleniT Seryeul rw-menas Cvens qveyanaSi mZime gansacdelis Jami daudga. marTalia, eklesiam arse-boba saswaulebrivad SeinarCuna, ma-gram mas misi erT-erTi ZiriTadi fun-qcia _ saganmanaTleblo-sagamomcemlo saqmianobis warmarTva ZaliT waarTves, xolo sasuliero literaturis Seqm-na-Targmnasa da gamocemaze laparakic ar SeiZleboda.

am TvalsazrisiT viTareba ukeTesi-saken gasuli saukunis 70-iani wlebis miwurulSi Seicvala, roca saqarT-velos marTlmadidebel eklesias saT-aveSi axlad aRsaydrebuli patriarqi, uwmidesi da unetaresi ilia II Caudga.

ramdenadac qristes mimdevrebad ara monebi, aramed megobrebi sWirdeba (in. XV, 15), amitom misi eklesia yov-elTvis gansakuTrebulad zrunavda ara mxolod moZRvarTa, aramed samw-ysos ganaTlebazec, raTa mas RmrTis arseboba ara mxolod intuiciurad da misi Zlierebisadmi SiSis gamo erwmuna, aramed guliT, gonebiTa da suliT, anu mTeli arsebiT Seeyvarebina (mk. XII, 30). Zalian kargad moexseneboda ra es, jer kidev saqarTvelos sapatriarqo tax-tze aRsaydrebamde uwmidesis aqtiuri monawileobiT, mravali wlis iZulebi-Ti wyvetilobis Semdeg, saqarTveloSi pirveli sasuliero saminaria gaixsna mcxeTaSi, romlis pirveli reqtoric TviTon brZandeboda; xolo 1988 wels, rva saukunis Semdeg, Cvens qveyanaSi pirvelad amoqmedda sasuliero aka-demia TbilisSi, romelsac kaTolikos-patriarqma miznad gelaTis saxelovani akademiis saukeTeso tradiciebis aR-dgena-gagrZeleba dausaxa. Tbilisis sasuliero seminariasa da akademias, garda ganswavluli moZRvrebis momza-debisa, uwinaresad RmrTismetyvelebis yvelaze aqtualur sakiTxebze muSao-bac evaleboda, raTa is udidesi suli-

eri saunje, romelic winaprebma Cveni tragikuli istoriis qartexilebs ga-moatares da Seuryvnelad Semogvinaxes _ WeSmariti rwmena _ marTlmadide-bloba, sxvadasxva religiis ideolog-Ta faruli Tu aSkara mtrobisagan dae-cva. am Canafiqris gansaxorcieleblad uwmidesma da unetaresma axalgaxsnili akademiis pedagogebad qarTuli mec-nierebis moRvaweni moiwvia.

akademiaSi sami _ RmrTismetyve-lebis, qristianuli anTropologiisa da qristianuli xelovnebaTmcodneo-bis fakulteti da ramdenime kaTedra daarsda: RmrTismetyvelebis, saqarT-velos eklesiis istoriis, religiaTm-codeobis, qarTuli literaturisa da xelovnebaTmcodneobis. akademiasTan Seiqmna, agreTve, saRmrTismetyvelo, dekoratiuli mebaReobisa da ekolo-giisa da samedicino institutebi, rom-lebSic vaJebTan erTad gogonebic swavloben da SerCeul profesias eu-flebian.

Tbilisis sasuliero akademiasa da seminariasTan funqcionirebs, aseve, xatweris, qargvis da galobis Semswav-leli skolebi, sadac yvela msurvels, visac amis Sesaferisi monacemebi aqvs, SeuZlia, RmrTisgan mimadlebuli niWi ganaviTaros da arCeul saqmes moaxm-ros.

calke saubris Temaa kaTolikos-patriarqis, rogorc reqtoris (ram-denime welia igi Tbilisis sasuli-ero akademiisa da seminariis reqtori brZandeba) damokidebuleba profesor-maswavleblebsa da studentebTan. misi gulisxmiereba marTlac gansacvifre-belia. igi cdilobs yuradRebis gar-eSe aravin datovos da mzrunveloba da siTbo yovel maTgans agrZnobinos. uwmidesisa da unetaresis pedagogiur moRvaweobas safuZvlad udevs rwmena imisa, rom maswavlebelsa da moswav-les, studentsa da profesors Soris urTierTobas siyvaruli da urTierT-pativiscema unda gansazRvravdes da

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ara pedagogTa mxridan sakuTari upi-ratesobis warmoCena, xolo axalgazr-dobis mxridan SiSi da sakuTari aras-rulfasovnebis SegrZneba. amitomac misi yoveli mobrZaneba akademiasa da seminariaSi rogorc studentebis, ise profesor-maswavleblebisTvisac dRe-saswaulad iqceva xolme.

sakuTari SesaZleblobebisa da ni-Wierebis warmosaCenad kaTolikos-pa-triarqi axalgazrdebs xSirad avalebs TxzulebaTa daweras sxvadasxva prob-lemur sakiTxze da Semdeg pedagogTa da studentTa TandaswrebiT yuradRe-biT ismens, rac axalgazrdebisaTvis ara mxolod pativs, aramed Semdgomi muSaobisaTvis udides stimulsac war-moadgens. uwmidesisa da unetaresis ZalisxmeviT akademiisa da seminariis studentebs saSualeba miecaT Tavian-Ti SemoqmedebiTi Zalebi sakuTar Jur-nalSi mosinjon.

saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriar-qis saganmanaTleblo moRvaweoba mx-olod religiur sferos ar moicavs. rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, Tbilisis sa-suliero akademiasTan misi kurTxeviT dekoratiuli mebaReobisa da ekolo-giis da samedicino institutebi gaix-sna, xolo am bolo dros misi uw-midesoba aqtiurad iRvwis marTlma-didebluri universitetis dasafuZne-blad, romelSic qarTveli axalgaz-rdebi humanitarul mecnierebebTan er-Tad sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebsac Seiswavlian.

aRsaydrebidan umokles droSi, 1978 wels sapatriarqoSi, romelsac manamde mxolod saeklesio kalendris gamo-cemis ufleba hqonda, uwmidesis Zal-isxmeviT sagamomcemlo ganyofileba Seiqmna da gamosvla daiwyo sapatri-arqos periodulma beWdviTma organom _ Jurnalma `jvari vazisa~. am faqt-Tan dakavSirebiT warmoTqmul qad-agebaSi kaTolikos-patriarqi madlo-bas swiravda RmerTs, romelmac is saqme aRasrulebina, mravali aTeuli

wlis ganmavlobaSi Taobebis fiqrisa da zrunvis sagans rom Seadgenda. Ju-rnalma, romelSic Cveni eklesiis is-toriis, saSinao cxovrebis amsaxveli masalebi sistematurad ibeWdeboda, eklesiisa da sazogadoebis daaxloe-bis saqmeSi Tavisi roli udavod Sea-srula. 80-ian wlebSi gamoica, agreTve, ramdenime saRmrTismetyvelo krebuli, romlebSic, sxva rom yvelafers Tavi davaneboT, Zveli qarTuli sasuliero mwerlobis ramdenime sayuradRebo Zeg-li daibeWda.

1989 wels sapatriarqom dabeWda qa-rTul enaze Sesrulebuli bibliis ax-ali Targmani, aRsaniSnavia, rom Zveli da axali aRTqmis wignebis Targmnis process, miuxedavad mouclelobisa, Ta-vad misi uwmidesoba zedamxedvelobda. igi piradad xvdeboda mTargmnelebs da wmida werilis teqstSi CawvdomisaTvis mraval sayuradRebo rCevasac aZlev-da. SesaZlebelia, am axali Targmanis mimarT mkiTxvels SeniSvnebi gauCndes, magram im faqtis uaryofa, rom misi ga-mocemiT mainc didi saqme gakeTda, ar SeiZleba. marTalia, RmrTismsaxurebaSi Zveli qarTuli Targmani darCa, magram mkiTxvelTa farTo wrem misTvis gas-ageb Tanamedrove qarTul enaze miiRo wigni, romlis codnac aucilebelia WeSmariti ganaTlebis SesaZenad.

aRsaniSnavia, rom am faqtis Semdeg sapatriarqoSi Seiqmna jgufi, romelic protopresviter giorgi gamrekelis xelmZRvanelobiT axali aRTqmis wig-nebis axal qarTul enaze gadmosaRebad muSaobs.

1990 wlis 15 aprils, ieso qristes brwyinvale aRdgomis dRes, uwmidesisa da unetaresis RvawliTa da locva-kurTxeviT sapatriarqos gazeTis _ `madlis~ pirveli nomeri gamovida. aqve SevniSnavT, rom msgavsad Jurnali-sa, gazeTsac saxelwodeba Tavad misma uwmidesobam SeurCia. rogorc Tvi-Tonve brZana, gazeTs es saxeli imisT-vis ewoda, rom igi `xalxisTvis sarw-

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munoebis, sikeTis, siyvarulis, codnisa da madlis mimniWebeli yofiliyo~. ga-mocemidan aTi wlis Tavze Cveni eris sulieri aRirZinebisaTvis `madlis~ mniSvneloba kaTolikos-patriarqma ase Seafasa: ̀ gazeTma namdvilad gaamarTla da mizans miaRwia~. xolo, roca gazeTs TxuTmeti weli Seusrulda, brZana: mox-da saswauli da gazeTma `madlma~ mad-li moitana saqarTveloSio. marTalac, albaT, arcTu ise didia im gazeTebis ricxvi, romelTa mier gamoqveynebul masalebze, arsebobis SedarebiT mokle droSi, ramdenime wigni daibeWda.

aTeisturi mwerlobis mraval-ricxovani Zeglebis, fsevdofilosofi-urisa da fsevdomecnieruli wignebi-saTvis, romelTac am bolo wlebSi niaRvariviT momskdari seqtanturi literaturac daemata, sapatriarqos gamomcemlobas, uwmidesisa da uneta-resis locva-kurTxeviT, RmrTeebrivi swavlebis WeSmariteba da sidiade unda daepirispirebina, romelic Seqm-nil qaosSi adamianebs sulis gadarCe-naSi daexmareboda da Seeweoda.

kaTolikos-patriarqis locva-kur-Txevis Sesasruleblad gamomcemlobam upirvelesad axali aRTqmis dabeWd-vaze izruna da 1995 wels mkiTxvels misi giorgi mTawmidliseuli redaqcia miawoda, romelic Cvens sinamdvileSi axali aRTqmis kritikulad dadgenili teqstis pirvel srul gamocemas war-moadgenda. igive teqsti qristeSobis oriaTasi wlis aRsaniSnavad meoredac gamoica, xolo 2003 wels mesamed daibe-Wda.

saRmrTo werilis sxva wignebidan didi tiraJiT gamoica wm. mefisa da winaswarmetyvelis daviTis `fsalmun-ni~, romelic morwmune qristianisaTvis samagido wigns warmoadgens. aRsaniS-navia, rom fsalmunTa yoveldRiuri kiTxvis wesis aRdgenaca da mkiTxvel-Ta jgufebis Seqmnac uwmidesisa da un-etaresis ilia II saxels ukavSirdeba. gamomcemlobam am SemTxvevaSic fsal-

munTa giorgi mTawmidliseuli Targ-manis kritikulad dadgenili teqsti dabeWda, romelsac Tan eklesiis dog-maturi swavleba yovladwmida sameba-ze da wm. mamaTa mier daviT winaswarme-tyvelis sagaloblebidan gamokrebili winaswarmetyvelebani daurTo.

wmida werilis teqstebis WeSmariti Sinaarsis wvdoma rom eklesiis RmrTiv-ganbrZnobilTa moZRvarTa mier maTT-vis gakeTebuli komentarebis gareSe Wirs, es sadavo ar unda iyos. zemoTqmu-lis gaTvaliswinebiT, misi uwmideso-bis locva-kurTxeviT, gamomcemlobaSi Zv. berZnulidan iTargmna da gamoica mose winaswarmetyvelis `Sesaqmisa~ da daviTis fsalmunTa komentarebi, ro-melic msoflio eklesiis moZRvars, wm. basili dids ekuTvnis. marTalia, Zvel qarTul mwerlobaSi basili didis `equsTa dReTac~ da `fsalmunis~ ko-mentarebic Targmnili iyo, magram maTi Tanamedrove qarTul saliteraturo enaze Targmna mainc saWirod miviCnieT, raTa es saRmrTismetyvelo azrisa da metyvelebis silamaziT gamorCeuli Txzulebani mkiTxvelTa rac SeiZleba farTo wrisaTvis yofiliyo xelmis-awvdomi.

pirvelad iTargmna qarTul enaze netari Teofilaqte bulgarelis maTes saxarebis komentarebi, romelic gamom-cemlobam 2006 wels gamosca.

sasuliero saswavleblebis studen-ti axalgazrdobisa da, saerTod, sazoga-doebis im nawilisaTvis, romelsac qristianuli moZRvrebis ZiriTadi swavlebani ainteresebs, gamomcemlo-baSi iTargmna da orjer gamoica epis-kopos aleqsandre semionov-tianSan-skis `marTlmadidebluri katexizmo~, agreTve, cnobil avtorTa TxzulebaTa safuZvelze Sedgenili saxelmZRvane-lo dogmaturi RmrTismetyvelebisaT-vis _ `dogmatur-istoriuli sakiTxe-bi~. am rigis naSromTa ricxvSi unda davasaxeloT `hagiografiis RmrTism-etyvelebac~, romelic qarTuli hagio-

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grafiis Zeglebidan gamorCeuli adg-ilebis saRmrTismetyvelo komentarebs Seicavs da, amdenad, daxmarebas gauw-evs skolebsa da umaRles saswavleb-lebs am teqstebis safuZvliani swav-lebis saqmeSi. gansakuTrebiT aRsan-iSnavia gamomcemlobaSi Targmnili da 2007 wels dabeWdili sqemarqimandri-tis iovane maslovis `leqciebi samo-ZRvro RmrTismetyvelebaSi~, romelic seminariasa da akademiaSi aucileblad wasakiTx saswavlo disciplinaSi _ samoZRvro RmrTismetyvelebaSi qar-Tul enaze pirvelad Seqmnil saxelmZ-Rvanelos warmoadgens.

saRmrTismsaxuro Txzulebebidan, uwmidesisa da unetaresis locva-kurTxeviT gamomcemlobam 1996 wlis kalendarSi dabeWda kerZo msaxurebani _ mcire kurTxevani sazogado msaxure-basTan erTad, xolo 1997 wels calke gamosca gasworebuli da gamSvenebuli teqsti saqarTvelos kaTolikos-pa-triarqisa da episkoposTa kurTxevisa; aqve davasaxelebdiT wmindanTa save-drebel daujdomel sagaloblebsac da mravalgzis gamocemul locvebsac. calke unda aRiniSnos andria krete-lis `didi kanonis~ axali qarTuli Targmani gamokvleviTurT, romelic 2007 wels gamomcemlobam Tsu-is kla-sikuri filologiis, bizantinistikisa da neoelinistikis institutis gamom-cemloba `logosTan~ erTad gamosca.

qarTuli saRmrTismetyvelo sko-lis TavisTavadobisa da maRali donis warmosaCenad gamomcemlobaSi momzad-da da daibeWda wm. gabriel episkop-osis (qiqoZe) qadagebaTagan anbanur rigze dalagebuli gamokrebili swav-lani, xolo 1997 wels saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis aRsaydrebis oci wlisTavisaTvis momzadda da or tomad gamoica misi uwmidesobisa da unetaresobis ilia II `epistoleni, si-tyvani, qadagebani~.

uwmidesisa da unetaresis locva-kurTxeviT sapatriarqos gamomcem-

lobas mxedvelobidan arc eklesiis istoria gamorCenia; 1998 wlis kal-endarSi qarTuli eklesiis istoriis mokle kursi daibeWda, xolo 2002_04 wlebis kalendrebSi zogadi eklesiis istoria. 2005 wels gamomcemlobam da-beWda `mcire saeklesio enciklopedia~, romelic qarTul enaze saeklesio en-ciklopediis Seqmnis gzaze pirvel ga-dadgmul nabijs warmoadgens.

calke unda aRiniSnos wignebi, romelnic seqtantTa cru swavlebis samxileblad gamoica: `romauli ka-Tolicizmi~, `azri da ena xatebisa~ (xatTa Tayvaniscemis uarmyofelTa sa-pasuxod), `vin arian ieRovas mowmeebi~, `ideqiT mtkiced da Seuryevelad~, _ saZiebeli seqtantur swavlebaTa wi-naaRmdeg. seriiT _ `qarTveli wmind-anebi~ gamomcemlobam 2006_07 wlebSi gamosca ori SesaniSnavi krebuli, miZ-Rvnili wm. gabriel episkoposisadmi (qiqoZe) da wm. eqvTime RmrTiskacisadmi (TayaiSvili), romelnic qarTulma ekle-siam wmindanebad uwmidesisa da uneta-resis iniciativiT Seracxa. am seriiT wignebis gamocema kvlavac gagrZel-deba da mkiTxveli amgvar krebulebs sxva axlad Seracxil wmindanTa Ses-axebac miiRebs.

vfiqrobT, mkiTxvelTa yuradReba da interesi ar mohklebia agreTve gamomcemlobis mier dabeWdil iseT wignebsac, rogoricaa: `ra aris marTl-madidebloba~, `kvarTi qristesi~ (qa-rTul, rusulsa da inglisur enebze), `jumaTis monastris siZveleebi~, `me-19 saukunis qarTveli moRvaweebi da qa-rTuli galoba~, `mogonebani wm. ilia marTalze~, `saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debuleba~, `locvani bavSvebisaTvis~, `iuliusis kalendris arsi da mniSvneloba~, `antiqristes mosvlis niSnebi~, `wm. arCil mefe~ da sxv.

qristeSobis oriaTasi wlis aR-saniSnavad, sapatriarqos gamomcemlo-bam gamomcemloba `lazierTan~ erTad

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kedlis feradi kalendari dabeWda, romelic misi uwmidesobisa da une-taresobis ilia II dawerili xatebiT iyo Semkuli. kaTolikos-patriarqis ferwerul namuSevrebSi maTi avtoris mdidari sulieri samyaro, romelic yovelgvar amqveyniur silamazeze ama-Rlebuli mSvenierebisaken iswrafvis, kidev erTi axali aspeqtiT warmoCnda. kalendarSi uwmidesisa da unetare-sis mier Seqmnili eqvsi xati daibeWda: ufali sabaoT, wm. mefe Tamari, solo-mon brZeni, yovladwmida RmrTismSobe-li yrmiT, wm. didmowame giorgi da wm. didi mefe vaxtang gorgasali.

yovelma kacma, visac sityvis Zala da mniSvneloba moexseneba, icis, rom misi gamoyenebisas gansakuTrebuli go-niereba da sifrTxile hmarTebs. sagnis Rrma da safuZvlian codnasTan erTad es goniereba da sifrTxile miT umetes moeTxovebaT imaT, romelnic RmrTeebri-vi WeSmaritebis gadmocemas anu Tavisi Zalebis mosinjvas sasuliero mwerlo-baSi cdiloben. uwmidesisa da unetare-sis ilia II locva-kurTxeviT, 1995 wli-dan sapatriarqos gamomcemlobasTan Seqmnilia sarecenzio sabWo, romelsac gamosacemad momzadebul TxzulebaTa recenzireba da gamocemisaTvis uflebis an grifis miniWeba evaleba.

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom am wlebis gan-mavlobaSi sabWom intensiurad imuSa-va da dakisrebul movaleobas Tavi gaarTva, razec sarecenziod warmod-genil naSromTa simravlec metyve-lebs, romelTagan, bunebrivia, gamoce-mis ufleba yvelam ver miiRo. ramde-nadac maTi didi nawili Targmanebs warmoadgens, gamomcemlobam Targma-nis xelovnebasTan dakavSirebiT ram-denime moTxovna SeimuSava, romelTac safuZvlad qarTuli mTargmnelobi-Ti skolis mdidari gamocdileba da cnobil mecnier-mTargmnelTa Sexed-ulebani daedo: saTargmneli sagnis, saliteraturo (Cvens SemTxvevaSi _ qarTuli) enisa da im enis kargi cod-

na, romelzedac originalia Seqmnili. marTlac, sagnis codnis gareSe, e. i. roca mTargmnelisaTvis gaugebaria, razea saubari originalSi, sasurveli Sedegis miReba SeuZlebelia. ramdena-dac mTargmnelobiTi saqmianoba mec-nieruli gamokvlevis erTgvari saxea, mTargmnelma teqsti unda gaSifros da xelaxla Seqmnas sxva enaze. rogorc nebismier sxva mecnierul gamokvleva-Si, romelSic obieqtTa samyaro ganix-ileba, aseve Targmnis drosac mxolod erTi mecnieruli strategia SeiZleba arsebobdes _ original-teqstis Taoba-ze hipoTezebis ageba, maTi gamokvleva, axali hipoTezebis uaryofa an miReba. am process bolo ara aqvs da amitom sruliad adekvaturi Targmanis miRweva SeuZlebelia, Tumca, es ar niSnavs imas, rom amisken ar unda viswrafodeT.

Targmnis xelovnebis sirTule ZiriTadad imaSi mdgomareobs, rom arc azris sizuste Seewiros enobri-vi normebis dacvasa da stilis dax-vewilobas da arc stilis silamaze da enobrivi normebi _ azris zustad gadmocemas. saRmrTismetyvelo liter-aturis mTargmnels, garda zemoCamoT-vlilisa, kidev erTi umTavresi ram moeTxoveba _ WeSmariti sarwmunoeba, radgan RmrTeebrivi WeSmaritebis wv-doma mxolod da mxolod suliwmidis madliTaa SesaZlebeli.

ase rom, sarecenzio sabWos SeqmniT misi uwmidesobisa da unetaresobis Za-lisxmeva iqiTken iyo mimarTuli, rom sagamomcemlo saqmianobis gaaqtiure-basTan erTad saRmrTismetyvelo Tx-zulebebis swavlebaTa sizusteca da maTi gadmocemis Sesabamisi formac erTgvarad daculi yofiliyo.

RmrTis wyalobiTa da misi uw-midesobis locva-kurTxeviT sapatri-arqos gamomcemlobam SeZlo Tavisi mcire wvlili Seetana im codvis gamo-syidvaSi, romelic Cvenma erma misTvis Tavdadebuli Svilis, wm. ilia marTlis mkvlelobiT Caidina.

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ilia WavWavaZis dabadebidan 170 da mkvlelobidan 100 wlis aRsaniSna-vad gamomcemlobaSi momzadda da 2007 wlis kalendarSi daibeWda krebuli `mamuli, ena, sarwmunoeba~, romelSic Tavmoyrilia da anbanze dalagebuli wm. ilia marTlis aqamde gamoqveyneb-uli yvela publicisturi werilidan amokrebili erovnul-politikuri, so-cialuri, kulturul-zneobrivi Tu sasuliero sakiTxebi, romelTac sami cneba _ mamuli, ena da sarwmunoeba aer-Tianebs. krebuls wamZRvarebuli aqvs Tavdadebuli mamuliSvilis cxovrebi-sa da moqalaqeobis amsaxveli Txzule-ba, romelic misi uwmidesobis kurTx-eviT daiwera da wm. ilia marTlis Sesaxeb hagiografiuli nawarmoebis Seqmnis pirvel mcdelobas warmoad-gens. gamomcemlobam, SeiZleba iTqvas, dakargvas gadaarCina saflavi ilias erTguli msaxuris, iakob TaraSvilisa, romelic 1907 wlis 30 agvistos saqa-rTvelosTvis nasrol tyvias pirveli Seegeba. saflavi, romelic keTilmoew-yo, oriaTasi wlis or agvistos, il-iaobas ikurTxa. ramdenadac, qristes moZRvrebis mixedviT, rwmenas sicocx-

les keTili saqme aniWebs, `sarwmunoe-baÁ TÂnier saqmeTasa mkudar ars~ (iak. II, 26), vfiqrobT, gamomcemlobam am saq-mis aRsrulebiT Cveni xalxis sulieri amaRlebisaTvis aranakleb izruna, vi-dre amas erTi kargi wignis gamocemiT gaakeTebda.

pirveli sityvebi, romliTac aR-dgomilma macxovarma mociqulebs mimarTa, iyo: `mSÂdoba Tquen Tana~. mo-exseneba ra uwmidessa da unetaress mS-vidobis mniSvneloba pirovnebis Sina-gani samyarosaTvis, qadagebisas xSirad Segvaxsenebs daviT winaswarmetyvelis sityvebs: `moixsene, ufalo, daviT da yoveli simSvide misi~.

Cveni upirvelesi savedrebelic esaa saxieri da kacTmoyvare Semoqme-dis mimarT _ yoveli qarTvelis gulSi simSvide sufevdes, rac mTlianad Cvens qveyanaSi mSvidobis sawindari gaxdeba da, bunebrivia, RmrTis sityvis samsax-urisaTvisac met Zalas mogvcems da im mraval wignsac, romelic sapatriarqos gamomcemlobaSi dasabeWdadaa gamza-debuli, misi uwmidesobis madliani locva-kurTxeviT dRis sinaTles ax-ilvinebs.

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qarTvel xalxs dReniadag locva, Sroma da brZola uxdeboda. uTvalav mterTan dapirispirebam abjari Semog-vacviTa da dagvimsxvria. msoflio im-periebTan WidilSi ganvvleT saukunee-bi da aTaswleulebi. aTasi rjulis dampyrobeli cdilobda qarTvelTa gancalkevebas, ganadgurebasa da am-ierkavkasiis strategiuli da mdidari regionis xelT gdebas. arabebsa Tu bizantielebs, iranelebsa Tu osmalo-Turqebs Cveni samSoblos danawevre-ba TavianTi pragmatuli politikis nawilad miaCndaT. ram gadagvarCina da ram gamogvatara am Savbnel epoqaSi? pasuxis gacema am SekiTxvaze advil-ia _ Cvenma rwmenam. da marTlac, mus-limur saxelmwifoTa garemocvaSi mo-qceuli saqarTvelosTvis qristianoba mxolod aRmsarebloba ar gaxldaT. igi citadelad iyo Semovlebuli Cvens samSoblos da yvelaze did xandaks warmoadgenda mterTaTvis, romlis da-Zlevas verasdros axerxebdnen. qarTve-luri tomebis religiuri mTlianoba iyo is balavari, romelmac saukunee-biT SeaduRaba Cveni erToba. yovelive aman ki qarTul samociqulo eklesias udidesi politikuri misia SesZina.

im urTules Jams ki, rodesac saqa-rTvelos sazRvrebs monRolTa, iranel-Ta, TurqTa marbielni moawydnen da Cve-ni qveyana saTareSod aqcies, Cveni de-daeklesia darajad daudga qarTvelTa TviTSegnebas. mteri martooden xmliT rodi moiwevda alaznisa Tu mtkvris,

Woroxis, rionisa Tu enguris Walebi-saken, aramed udides ideologiur eqs-pansias axorcielebda, upirvelesad, is-lamis gavrcelebiTa da im faseuloba-Ta CvenSi damkvidrebiT, romlebic ab-soluturad ucxo iyo qarTveli kacis bunebisaTvis. Cveni erisTvis am gad-amwyvet momentSi saqarTvelos dedae-klesia qarTuli kulturis, saukunee-biT arsebuli adaT-wesebis, cxovrebis niris qedCauxrel damcvelad iqca. swored qristianobam gvixsna erovnu-li da kulturuli gadajiSebisagan.

mTeli aTas xuTasi weli qristiano-ba im Suquras warmoadgenda, romelic CvenSi asxivebda dasavluri kulturis sxivebs. da Tu Cven saukuneebis man-Zilze evropul civilizacias viyaviT naziarebi da politikurad evropisak-en vicqirebodiT, esec didwilad qris-tianobis damsaxureba iyo.

saqarTvelos istoriaSi TiTqosda kanonzomieradaa qceuli, rom qveynis politikur aRmavlobas yovelTvis uswrebda qarTuli marTlmadidebeli eklesiis aRorZineba, erisa da beris erTianoba. igive ganmeorda XX sauku-nis miwurulsac.

1977 wels kaTolikos-patriarq-is ilia II intronizaciis Semdeg de-daeklesiis roli da adgili sazoga-doebriv cxovrebaSi mniSvnelovnad gaizarda. XX s-is 80-iani wlebis SuaxanebSi sabWoTa saxelmwifosa da eklesiis urTierTobaSi sagrZnobi cv-lilebebi moxda. sabWoTa xelisufle-

jaba samuSia

patriarqi da wmida samebis sakaTedro taZari

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bam mniSvnelovnad Seasusta eklesiis Seviwroeba. komunist Tu komkavSirel aqtivistebs ukve aRar avalebdnen saeklesio dResaswaulebze eklesiis karibWesTan darajobas da imaT dasme-nas, vinc wirvas eswreboda. amas daema-ta saqarTveloSi erovnuli moZraobis axali etapis dawyeba da xalxis maso-brivi mibruneba eklesiisaken. mokle xanSi Cveni taZrebi ukve mrevls veRar itevda, saSobao Tu saaRdgomo wirvisas aTasobiT adamiani taZris mimdebare teritoriaze Tu axerxebda moxvedras. ukve naTeli gaxda, rom didi sakaTedro taZari qveynis dedaqalaqisaTvis araTu saWiro, aramed aucilebeli iyo. `wmida samebis agebis idea ar warmoiSva imi-saTvis, rom didi taZari aSenebuliyo, _ ixsenebs saqarTvelos kaTolikos-pa-triarqi, _ es azri gaCnda erTdrou-lad eklesiaSi da xalxSi. Cven ar vi-codiT, rogor gamogvexata RvTisadmi madlierebis grZnoba. am dros daibada idea, rom unda aSenebuliyo taZari, ro-melic iqneboda taxti wmida samebisa~. sruliad samarTlianad uwodes wmida samebis sakaTedro taZris mSeneblobas `saukunis mSenebloba~. momaval kaT-edrals sxva datvirTvac hqonda, igi unda qceuliyo axali qarTuli sax-elmwifos simbolod.

dRevandeli gadasaxedidan SeiZle-ba iTqvas, _ rom ara misi uwmidesoba, saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II, es taZari ar aigeboda. aq ar ig-ulisxmeba martooden ideis dabadeba. taZris proeqtirebisa da mSeneblobis nebismieri detali kaTolikos-patri-arqTan Tanxmdeboda. igi iyo am udide-si saqmis sulisCamdgmeli da maorga-nizebeli.

misi uwmidesoba kviraSi ramden-jerme adioda wm. samebis sakaTedro taZris mSeneblobaze, aTvalierebda mo-mavali kaTeralis TiToeul detals.

wm. samebis sakaTedro taZris mSene-blobaze misi uwmidesobis misvla ara-viTari pompezuri ceremonialiT ar

mimdinareobda. bevrjer saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi, moulodnelad, oriode kacis TanxlebiT swvevia xara-CoebSi Casmul kaTedrals.

mSeneblobaze amosul mis uw-midesobas megzurobas fondis xelmZR-vaneloba uwevda.

patriarqis mobrZanebas samreklos zarebis rekva amcnobda iq myofT. sa-ocari sanaxavi iyo am dros taZari. muSebi nel-nela tovebdnen xaraCoebs, patriarqs Semoexveodnen da locva-kurTxevas iRebdnen, taZarSi saxeldax-elod gamzadebul magidasTan patriar-qi da fondis mesveurebi mSeneblobis sakiTxebs ixilavdnen. Semdeg uwmidesi mosapirkeTebel masalas Seamowmebda, mimdinare samuSaoebsac moinaxulebda. igi xSirad esaubreboda mSeneblebs, xe-losnebs, qviTxuroebs.

cxra weli moandoma qarTvelma xalxma wmida samebis sakaTedro taZris mSeneblobas. es iyo urTulesi periodi Cveni qveynis uaxles istoriaSi, magram, miuxedavad ekonomikuri siZneleebisa, qarTvelobam SeZlo uflis sadide-beli taZari aRemarTa. saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqma samebis taZris kurTxevisas aRniSna: `Cven varT mom-swreni RvTis erT-erTi saocrebisa, _ SeWirvebis Jams qarTvelma xalxma Se-Zlo aReSenebina didebuli taZari ese wmidisa samebisa, sadideblad RvTisa da mosaqcevad erisa Cvenisa, magram, mowyale RmerTo, Cven viyaviT oden mda-balni muSakni Senni. ese Sen mogvec gu-lisxmisyofa da Zala, raTa Sens sadide-blad da Cvenda nugeSad mogverTmia es Sesawiri...~ erisa da beris erTobam SeaZlebina qarTvelebs es saswauli. SeuZlebelia auRelveblad CaikiTxo kaTedralis mSeneblobisaTvis gakeTe-bul SemowirulobaTa nusxa, visac ra gaaCnda, imas swiravda mSeneblobas. iyvnen adamianebi, romelTac material-uri Senatanis gakeTeba ar SeeZloT da fizikuri SromiT cdilobdnen am didi wamowyebis Tanadgomas. mis uwmideso-

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bas araerTxel aRuniSnavs, rom wmida samebis sakaTedro taZari qarTveli xalxis avtoportretia. marTlac, kaT-edralis mSenebloba qarTvelTa su-lis gamocdas warmoadgenda. dasawy-isSi iyvnen adamianebi, romlebic skep-tikurad uyurebdnen am wamowyebas. im droisaTvis Cvens arqiteqtorebsa da mSeneblebs eklesiaTa agebis gamoc-dileba TiTqmis ar gaaCndaT. dRes, 15-ode wlis Semdeg ra SesaniSnavad Cans am saukunis wamowyebis dedaazri. saqme martooden erTi konkretuli taZris, Tundac sakaTedro taZari yofiliyo, agebaSi rodi mdgomareobda. misi uw-midesoba, saqarTvelos kaTolikos-pa-triarqi ilia II SesaniSnavad xedavda, rom es mSenebloba Cveni eris sulieri aRmavlobis sawindrad iqceoda. imav-droulad, es wamowyeba aTwleulobiT miviwyebuli saeklesio arqiteqturis, mxatvrobis, Wedurobisa Tu sxva darg-Ta aRorZinebis safuZveli gaxdeboda.

saqarTvelos marTlmadidebel eklesiasa da xelisuflebas Soris mi-mowera axali sakaTedro taZris age-basTan dakavSirebiT 1988 wels daiwyo. umokles xanSi aRmaskomis Tavmjdo-maris TaosnobiT Seiqmna specialuri komisia, romelsac daevala sakaTedro taZrisTvis adgilis SerCeva.

komisiam daiwyo momavali taZri-saTvis adgilis Zieba. moinaxules Tbilisis ramdenime ubani. aRniSnuli sakiTxis irgvliv imsjeles Tbili-sis saqalaqo sabWos aRmaskomSi kaTo-likos-patriarqis ilia II stumrobisas. sabolood, komisiam mizanSewonilad miiCnia taZris ageba mtkvris marcxe-na sanapiroze, baraTaSvilis aRmarTis zeda terasaze. gadawyvetilebam ar daayovna da Tbilisis saqalaqo sab-Wos aRmaskomma 1989 wlis 23 Tebervals, 04.30.107 nomriT, sagangebo dokumenti gamosca (Tbilisis saistorio arqivi, Tbilisis saqalaqo sabWos aRmaskomi, aRw. 5, saqme 758):

`qarTuli marTlmadidebluri taZris asaSeneblad adgilis

SerCevis Sesaxeb

Tbilisis saqalaqo sabWos aRmas-komi aRniSnavs, rom am ramdenime xnis winaT Sesrulda saqarTvelos sapatri-arqos damoukideblobis 1500 weli. am TariRTan dakavSirebiT, saqarTvelos sapatriarqo iTxovs, TbilisSi aSendes taZari, rogorc simboluri gamoxat-uleba qarTuli avtokefaluri ekle-siis TxuTmetsaukunovani istoriisa. Tbilisis saqalaqo sabWos aRmaskomis 1989 wlis 5 noembris N1755 gankargule-biT, am mizniT Seqmnilma kompetenturma komisiam, sruliad saqarTvelos kaTo-likos-patriarqis ilia II monawile-obiT, SearCia adgili baraTaSvilis aRmarTis qimze da Semodis aRmaskomis winaSe saTanado winadadebiT.

Tbilisis saqalaqo sabWos aRmas-komma gadawyvita:

1. dakmayofildes saqarTvelos sa-patriarqos Txovna da qarTuli mar-Tlmadidebluri taZris asaSeneblad gamoeyos baraTaSvilis aRmarTis qimze SerCeuli adgili _ samoqalaqo quCis, xidisTavis quCis, avlabris quCis da-sawyisis marjvena mxaris CaTvliT da kaliaevis quCas Soris moqceuli kvar-tali.

2. eTxovos saqarTvelos sapatri-arqos, saqarTvelos arqiteqtorTa kav-SirTan erTad, konkursis gamocxadeba taZris proeqtze.

3. mTavarma arqiteqturul-dageg-marebiTma sammarTvelom ZeglTa dac-vis mTavar sammarTvelosTan da arq-iteqtorTa kavSirTan erTad moamzados arqiteqturul-dagegmarebiTi davaleba da konkursisaTvis saWiro masalebi.

aRmaskomis Tavmjdomare i. andriaZe

aRmaskomis mdivani v. jafariZe~

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am dokumentis gamocemis Semdeg wmi-da samebis taZris mSeneblobis saqmem seriozulad waiwia win. Tbilisis aR-maskomis mier miRebuli dokumentis safuZvelze, saqarTvelos sapatriar-qos da saqarTvelos arqiteqtorTa ka-vSirs eTxova saukeTeso proeqtis Ses-arCevad konkursis gamocxadeba, xolo mTavar arqiteqturul-dagegmarebiT sammarTvelos, ZeglTa dacvis mTavar sammarTvelosTan da arqiteqtorTa ka-vSirTan erTad, konkursisaTvis saWiro masalebis _ programisa da pirobebis momzadeba daevala.

1989 wlis 5 maiss Tbilisis mTa-var arqiteqturul-dagegmarebiT sam-marTveloSi gamarTul Sexvedrazec, romelsac sruliad saqarTvelos kaTo-likos-patriarqi, uwmidesi da unetare-si ilia II, qalaqis saxalxo deputatTa sabWos Tavmjdomare, aRmasrulebeli komitetis Tavmjdomare, arqiteqtore-bi, xelovnebaTmcodneebi da mowveuli sazogadoeba eswrebodnen, moismines informacia momavali kaTedralis asagebi adgilis Sesaxeb. konkursis gamocxadebisas TiTqmis ukve garkveu-li iyo, Tu sad unda aRmarTuliyo wm. samebis sakaTedro taZari. `sagangebo ganCinebiT~ gamocxadebul konkursSi monawileobis msurvelT TavianTi pro-eqti swored im garemosTvis unda Se-examebinaT, sadac ganzraxuli iyo kaT-edralis ageba, TumcaRa, am etapze arq-iteqtorebs SeeZloT TavianTi varian-tis SemoTavazebac. amdenad, avlabris platoze, baraTaSvilis aRmarTis zeda terasaze taZris agebis idea erTgvar `samuSao variants~ warmoadgenda.

1990 wlis Tebervlis dasawyisisT-vis yvelaferi mzad iyo Ria konkur-sis Casatareblad. arqiteqtorebi Tavi-anTi proeqtebis ukanasknel detalebs amuSavebdnen. 8 Tebervals mxatvris saxlSi moewyo konkursis gaxsnis cer-emoniali, romelsac auarebeli stumari daeswro. mcire xniT adre cnobili gaxda Jiuris Semadgenlobac. masSi Sediodnen:

sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi, uwmidesi da unetaresi ilia II _ Tavmjdomare; alaverdeli mit-ropoliti grigoli (cercvaZe); cxum-afxazeTis mitropoliti daviTi (Wkad-ua); baTum-Semoqmedeli mitropoliti konstantine (meliqiZe); bodbeli mit-ropoliti aTanase (CaxvaSvili); aga-rak-walkeli mTavarepiskoposi Tad-eozi (ioramaSvili); nikorwmindeli mTavarepiskoposi ambrosi (qaTamaZe); quTaTel-gaenaTeli mTavarepiskoposi kalistrate (margalitaSvili); mar-gveli episkoposi qristefore (wam-alaiZe); axalcixisa da samcxe-javaxe-Tis episkoposi anania (jafariZe); urb-neli episkoposi vaxtangi (axvlediani); wilkneli episkoposi zosime (SioS-vili); Wyondideli episkoposi giorgi (SalamberiZe); Tbilisis sasuliero seminariisa da akademiis reqtori pro-topresviteri giorgi gamrekeli.

sasuliero pirTa garda, Jiuris SemadgenlobaSi Sediodnen: irakli andriaZe _ Tbilisis saxalxo depu-tatTa saqalaqo sabWos aRmaskomis Tavmjdomare; guram mirianaSvili _ saqarTvelos `saxmSenis~ Tavmjdomare; nodar mgalobliSvili _ saqarTvelos arqiteqtorTa kavSiris Tavmjdomare; albert TavxeliZe _ saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis prezidenti; nodar amaRlobeli _ ivane javaxiSvi-lis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis reqtori; akaki baqraZe _ sruliad saqarTvelos rusTavelis sazogadoebis prezidenti; nodar na-TaZe _ saqarTvelos saxalxo frontis Tavmjdomare; ana kalandaZe _ poeti; nodar janberiZe _ saqarTvelos xe-lovnebis institutis direqtori; Ten-giz kvirkvelia _ saqarTvelos teqni-kuri universitetis profesori; giorgi baTiaSvili _ saqarTvelos samxatvro akademiis profesori; elizbar javel-iZe _ gazeT `literaturuli saqarT-velos~ redaqtori; daviT ciciSvili _ sazogadoeba `Tbiliselis~ Tavmj-

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domaris moadgile; Tengiz buaCiZe _ saqarTvelos kulturis fondis Tavm-jdomare; elguja amaSukeli _ saqa-rTvelos mxatvarTa kavSiris Tavmj-domare; Tamaz naTiZe _ ZeglTa dac-vis mTavari samecniero sammarTvelos ufrosis moadgile; merab mamardaSvi-li _ filosofiis mecnierebaTa doq-tori; vaxtang daviTaia _ saqarTvelos teqnikuri universitetis profesori.

eqspozicia ganlagebuli iyo mxat-vris saxlis pirvel da meore sarTul-ze. sul gamofenili iyo 41 namuSevari. maT Soris 34 proeqti dasrulebuli saxiT iyo warmodgenili, xolo 7 na-muSevari samuSao variants an moswav-leTa mier Seqmnil maketebs warmoad-genda.

pirvelma konkursma gamarjvebuli ver gamoavlina da gadawyda meore tu-ris gamarTva, romelic 1990 wlis 2 se-qtembers Catarda. sul warmodgenili iyo 59 namuSevari. konkursSi monawil-eobda 56 avtori Tu saavtoro jgufi.

1990 wlis 29 seqtembers, 6 saaTze Tbilisis mxatvris saxlSi, sakonsul-tacio sabWos sxdomaze konkursis sab-oloo Sejameba moxda. misi uwmidesobis gadawyvetilebiT gamarjvebulad arCil mindiaSvilis proeqti dasaxelda.

pirvel etapze yvelaze mniSvnelo-van problemas taZris asagebi konkre-tuli adgilis dadgena warmoadgenda.

xuroTmoZRvarni, odiTganve, udides mniSvnelobas aniWebdnen adgils, sadac unda aRemarTaT TavianTi qmnileba, sa-dac harmoniulad Seerwymoda erTma-neTs garemo da taZari.

qarTuli eklesia-monastrebis xil-visas upirvelesad aRtacebaSi mohy-avxar arqiteqtoris gadawyvetilebas: ra saocari gumaniT SeurCevia adgili taZrisaTvis. tao-klarjeTis, samcxis, qarTl-kaxeTis, guria-aWarisa Tu imer-eT-samegrelos Zeglebi gana iseTsave esTetikur siamovnebas mogvaniWebdnen sxva reliefze rom yofiliyvnen ageb-ulni? Cveni xuroTmoZRvarni saocrad

uTavsebdnen garemos momavali taZris formasa da masStabebs. Tu ra mniSvn-eloba aqvs taZrisa da mSeneblobis adgilis Sexamebas zogadad Zeglis aRqmaSi, kargad Cans mcxeTis jvris magaliTze. igi isea Serwymuli mcx-eTis Tavze aRmarTul mTas, rom mnax-vels eqmneba STabeWdileba, TiTqos am mTidan iyos amozrdili. anda aviRoT banas SesaniSnavi kaTedrali. taos es nawili sakmaod xriokia, miuxedavad amisa, xuroTmoZRvarma mainc moZebna iseTi adgili, sadac buneba Tavad qmnis ferTa harmonias. taZris fasadi SeZer-wilia moyviTalo naTali qviT da sao-crad miesadageba garemos.

romeli erTi Zegli CamovTvaloT.es sakiTxi yvela qveynisa da epoqis

arqiteqtorTa safiqrali iyo da aris.sakaTedro taZris mSeneblobis daw-

yebamde, amave problemis winaSe dadga Cveni sazogadoebac, yvelas kargad es-moda, rom momavali qmnileba harmoni-ulad unda Serwymoda garemos da qa-laqis organul nawilad qceuliyo. jer kidev sawyis etapze, rodesac mxolod proeqtebis ganxilva mimdinareobda, arqiteqtorebi da xelovnebaTmcodnee-bi sagangebod miuTiTebdnen wm. samebis taZris kompleqsis qalaqis dagegmare-baSi faqizad `Casmis~ aucileblobaze.

meore turis Semdeg TiTqos gadaw-yvetili iyo momavali taZris avlabris platoze ageba. magram sxvadasxva faq-torma ganapiroba axali adgilis Zieba. upirvelesi mizezi iyo is, rom 1991_1992 ww. Semdeg, faqtobrivad, SeuZlebeli gaxldaT baraTaSvilis aRmarTis zeda terasis gamoTavisufleba mSeneblobi-saTvis. am periodisaTvis sakiTxis gadawyvetis erTaderTi realuri gza iyo qalaqis centralur nawilSi Ta-visufali adgilis moZieba, sadac Ses-aZlebeli iqneboda kaTedralisa da sapatriarqo rezidenciis ganTavseba. didi sja-baasis Sedegad gadawyda, rom wm. samebis taZrisaTvis vakeSi, studqa-laqis teritoriaze gamoeyoT adgili.

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1995 wels kaTedris asagebi adgili kidev erTxel Seicvala.

vakis studqalaqis teritoriaze kaTedralisaTvis sakmaod mcire far-Tobi iyo gamoyofili, amasTanave, vake-Si sapatriarqo rezidenciis gadatana aSkarad gamoiwvevda qalaqis am nawil-Si qalaqdagegmarebiT sirTuleebs. am periodSi saqarTvelos sapatriarqoSi gamarTuli Sexvedrisas vakis studqa-laqis paralelurad, variantis doneze, momavali kaTedralis asagebad Seir-Ca aseve avlabarSi `megobrobis par-kis~ teritoria. am mosazrebas Tavi-danve bevri mxardamWeri gauCnda, rasac araerTi dadebiTi faqtori ganapiro-bebda. jer erTi, `megobrobis parkis~ teritoria gacilebiT didi iyo, vidre vakis studqalaqisa, meore, am adgilze agebuli kaTedrali Tbilisis uamra-vi adgilidan iqneboda SesamCnevi da mesame, mas Tavisuflad SeeZlo dedaqa-laqis am nawilSi dominantis rolis Sesruleba. sabolood, 1995 wlis se-qtemberSi, wm. samebis sakaTedro taZris asagebad SeirCa isan-samgoris raionSi, elias ubanSi arsebuli `megobrobis parkis~ teritoria.

didi masStabis mSeneblobis wamow-yeba TavisTavad iTxovda iseT struq-turas, romelic organizebas gauwevda mimdinare samuSaoebs. swori menejmen-ti saqmis warmatebis erT-erTi winapi-robaa. nebismieri didi wamowyebisadmi amgvari midgoma ara marto Cveni epoqis maxasiaTebeli niSania, ase iyo odiT-ganve, saukuneebis manZilze.

did saqmeTa dawyeba TavisTavad Zne-lia, magram maTi srulyofilebamde mi-yvana rCeulTa xvedria yovelTvis. Cve-ni grandiozuli kaTedralebis mSene-blobebi did Zalisxmevas, upirvelesad, qarTvel xuroTmoZRvarTagan moiTxov-da. yoveli epoqa Tavis moTxovnebs uy-enebs SemoqmedT. uwin Tu xuroTmoZ-Rvari Tavad iyo mSeneblobis xelmZ-Rvanelic da arqiteqtoric, amJamad TviT am sferoSi moxda diferenciacia.

arqiteqtorebi dReisaTvis, ZiriTadad, pasuxs ageben nawarmoebis funqciur, konstruqciul da esTetikur mxareze. rac Seexeba uSualod mSeneblobas, mas profesionali mSeneblebi uZRvebian. yovelive amas imitom aRvniSnavT, rom wm. samebis taZris mSeneblobis saqmeSi lomis wili mSeneblobis swor dageg-mvasa da organizebas miuZRvis, rasac `wm. samebis sakaTedro taZris mSene-blobis fondi~ uZRveba. misi uwmideso-bis, saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriar-qis ilia II avtoritetisa da neba-sur-vilis, qarTveli eris mxardaWeris, Se-sabamisi dafinansebisa da gamarTuli menejmentis wyalobiT Seisxa xorci am udidesma wamowyebam.

1994 wlis 14 oqtombers, sveticxov-lobis dResaswaulze, sveticxovlis sakaTedro taZarSi sruliad saqarT-velos kaTolikos-patriarqma samebis sakaTedro taZris mSeneblobis fondis dafuZneba gamoacxada. kaTedralisTvis saWiro Tanxis akumulireba fondis an-gariSze unda momxdariyo, mSeneblobac masve unda waremarTa. fondis sapatio Tavmjdomareebi brZandebodnen misi uwmidesoba, kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II da saqarTvelos prezidenti edu-ard-giorgi SevardnaZe, fondis prezi-dentad airCies cnobili mxatvari da moqandake zurab wereTeli.

1995 wlis ivlisidan fondSi Zireu-li reorganizacia ganxorcielda. fonds saTaveSi Caudga irakli andri-aZe, gadaidga konkretuli nabijebi. Seiqmna samuSao jgufi da ramdenime TveSi moxerxda elias mTaze samuSaoe-bis dawyeba. paralelurad warmoebda proeqtis srulyofa. kaTolikos-pa-triarqis kurTxeviT Seiqmna `saekle-sio xuroTmoZRvrebis centri~, sadac arqiteqtorma arCil mindiaSvilma Semoikriba axalgazrda arqiteqtorTa mTeli pleada. proeqtirebasTan erTad, e. kizirias xelmZRvanelobiT warmoe-bda taZris konstruqciuli element-ebis damuSaveba.

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1998 wlidan kaTolikos-patri-arqis kurTxeviT `xuroTmoZRvrebis saeklesio centrs~ gamoeyo kaTedra-lis proeqtze momuSave jgufi da mas SemoqmedebiTi gaerTianeba `kaTedra-li~ ewoda (xelmZRvaneli arCil min-diaSvili). imave wlis ivnisSi, fondis TxovniT, xuroTmoZRvrebis centrma Sewyvita taZris proeqtireba da es funqcia `kaTedrals~ gadaeca.

1995 wlis 29 oqtombers, `Tbiliso-bis~ dResaswaulze, kaTolikos-patri-arqma momavali kaTedralis adgili akurTxa da im adgilze, sadac wmida samebis sakaTedro taZari aRimarTebo-da, jvari daasvena.

1995 wlis 23 noembers elias mTaze momavali sakaTedro taZris qvabulis amoReba daiwyo. 1996 wlis 3 marts saZirkveli ekurTxa.

saZirkvlis kurTxevis Semdeg, pirvel etapze, mSenebloba sakmaod kar-gi tempiT mimdinareobda. magram male siZneleebma iCina Tavi. misi uwmideso-bis ganwyoba, rwmena imisa, rom taZari aucileblad aigeboda, yvelas udides enTuziazms unergavda. mwiri dafinan-sebis pirobebSi taZari nel-nela miiw-evda nulovani niSnulisaken. amis para-lelurad 1998 wels sakaTedro taZris samxreTiT aigo wm. ilia Tezbitelis xis eklesia (1999 wlis 2 marts gam-Teniisas xis eklesia gaurkvevel vi-TarebaSi daiwva. 2000 wlisaTvis wm. ilia Tezbitelis axali qvis eklesiis Seneba daiwyo).

2000 wlisaTvis kaTedralis mi-wisqveSa nawili dasrulebuli iyo. swored 2000 wels kaTedralis gener-aluri sponsori gaxda cnobili qa-rTveli biznesmeni da qvelmoqmedi bi-Zina ivaniSvili, romlis TanadgomiTa da finansuri daxmarebiTac aigo es grandiozuli taZari.

ZiriTadi karkasis mSenebloba 2001 wlis miwurulisTvis dasrulebuli iyo. 2002 wlis ianvar-martSi ukve gum-baTis yelis mSenebloba warmoebda.

wmida samebis sakaTedro taZris mSeneblobis istoriaSi erT-erTi ZiriTadi etapi dasrulda 2002 wlis 31 marts, rodesac gumbaTze bolo be-toni Caisxa. kaTedrali mTeli gran-diozulobiT amoiwia Tbilisis Tavze. 2002_2003 wlebSi ZiriTadad taZris mopirkeTebis samuSaoebi mimdinareob-da. 2003 wlis 6 dekembers wm. samebis sakaTedro taZarze jvari aRimarTa.

qarTul xuroTmoZRvrul ZeglTa-gan wmida samebis sakaTedro taZari yvelaze masStaburia. dedaqalaqSi igi TiTqmis yvela wertilidan Cans. uSua-lod kaTedrali ori _ miwiszeda da mi-wisqveSa _ nawilisagan Sedgeba. saerTo simaRle nulovani niSnulidan jvris CaTvliT 86,10 metria (uSualod jvari 7,5 metris simaRlisaa). lavris miwisqveSa nawilSi ori sarTuli mdebareobs. taZ-ris fundamenti 14, 07 metris siRrmezea (qveda sarTulis iataki 13,07 metrzea. amas emateba erTmetriani fundamenti). wm. samebis taZris saerTo simaRle, am monacemebiT, 100,17 metria (86,10+14,07). wm. samebis taZris sigrZe 70,450 metri, sigane ki 64,68 metria.

2004 wlis gazafxulze gadawyda, wmida samebis sakaTedro taZari 23 noembers, giorgobis brwyinvale dRe-saswaulze ekurTxebinaT. aRsaniSnavia, rom mTlianad kompleqsSi 12 eklesiaa; uSualod kaTedralSi ganTavsebu-lia 10 eklesia: wm. samebis sakaTedro taZari, xarebis eklesia, mTavarange-lozTa saxelobis eklesia, wmida io-ane naTlismcemlis saxelobis eklesia, wmida ninos saxelobis eklesia, wmida andria pirvelwodebulis saxelobis eklesia, wmida nikolozis saxelobis eklesia, yovelTa wmidaTa saxelobis eklesia, Tormeti mociqulis saxelo-bis eklesia, wmida giorgis saxelobis eklesia. kompleqsis samxreT karibWes-Tan aRmarTulia wm. ilia Tezbitelis saxelobis eklesia, xolo dasavleTi (centraluri) karibWis Tavze _ iver-iis RvTismSoblis saxelobis eklesia.

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saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriaqis ga-dawyvetilebiT, 21_23 noembers unda Ca-tarebuliyo yvela taZris kurTxeva. pirvelad dagegmili iyo patara ekle-siebis kurTxeva, xolo 23 noembers _ uSualod wm. samebis taZris.

21 noembers dilis 7 saaTidan samebis taZarSi saqarTvelos sxvadasx-va kuTxidan CamobrZandnen morwmunee-bi. saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesi-is 9 eparqiis winamZRvarma Seasrula samebis kompleqsSi ganTavsebuli 9 taZris kurTxeva (teqnikuri mizezebis gamo ar ekurTxa xarebisa da iveriis RvTismSoblis saxelobis eklesia).

taZris miwiszeda nawilSi mde-bare oTxi eklesia akurTxes mRvdelm-Tavrebma:

mTavarangelozTa saxelobis taZ-ari _ quTaTel-gaenaTelma mitropo-litma kalistratem (margalitaSvili);

wmida ioane naTlismcemlis sax-elobis taZari _ borjomisa da baku-rianis mTavarepiskoposma serafimem (jojua);

wmida ninos saxelobis taZari _ niqozisa da cxinvalis mTavarepiskop-osma isaiam (Wanturia);

wmida andria pirvelwodebulis sa-xelobis taZari _ gorisa da samTavi-sis episkoposma andriam (gvazava).

akurTxes kompleqsis miwisqveSa nawilSi ganTavsebuli oTxi taZari:

wmida nikolozis saxelobis taZari _ axalqalaqisa da kumurdos mTavar-episkoposma nikolozma ( faCuaSvili).

yovelTa wmidaTa saxelobis taZ-ari _ axalcixisa, tao-klarjeTisa da lazeTis mTavarepiskoposma Teodorem (WuaZe).

Tormeti mociqulis saxelobis taZari _ xonisa da samtrediis mTavar-episkoposma sabam (gigiberiam).

wmida giorgis saxelobis taZari _ vanisa da baRdaTis mTavarepiskoposma antonma (buluxia).

wmida samebis taZris ezoSi arsebu-li wmida ilia Tezbitelis saxelobis

taZari ki amba alaverdelma mitropo-litma daviTma (maxaraZe) akurTxa.

cxra taZris kurTxevis Semdeg mRvdelmTavrebma sazeimo wirva aRav-lines.

2004 wlis 23 noemberi, wm. samebis sakaTedro taZris kurTxeva, sruliad saqarTvelosaTvis udides dResaswau-lad iqca. televiziam Tu presam 23 noembramde karga xniT adre daiwyo am movlenisadmi miZRvnili gadace-mebisa Tu publikaciebis momzadeba. iuneskos dadgenilebiT, saqarTvelos sapatriarqos gadawyvetilebiT 22_25 noembers sazeimod aRiniSna `qris-tianobis oci saukune saqarTveloSi~. Catarda saerTaSoriso samecniero konferencia, romelSic monawileoba miiRes sxvadasxva qveynis mecnierebma da saeklesio moRvaweebma. misi uw-midesobis, kaTolikos-patriarqisa da wm. sinodis gadawyvetilebiT samebis sakaTedro taZris kurTxeva saerTo-saxalxo zeimis _ `qristianobis oci saukune saqarTveloSi~_ Semadgeneli nawili gaxda.

23 noembers, dilidanve aTasobiT morwmune ewvia elias mTas. wmida samebis sakTedro taZris kurTxeva di-lis 7 saaTze daiwyo da igi Caatares ninowmidisa da sagarejos episkoposma lukam, samTavisisa da goris episkop-osma andriam da gurjaanisa da velis-cixis episkoposma eqvTimem. trapezis kurTxeva daasrula sruliad saqarT-velos kaTolikos-patriarqma, uwmides-ma da unetaresma ilia II, ris Semdegac daiwyo sadResaswaulo wirva.

wm. samebis taZris kurTxevas es-wrebodnen saqarTvelos prezidenti m. saakaSvili, parlamentisa da mTavrobis wevrebi, mecnierebis, xelovnebis, bizne-sis, ucxoeTis diplomatiuri korpu-sisa da religiuri konfesiebis war-momadgenlebi. taZarSi myofT sityviT mimarTes saqarTvelos kaTolikos-pa-triarqma ilia II da saqarTvelos pre-zidentma mixeil saakaSvilma.

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kurTxevidan samma welma ganvlo. amJamad taZari ukve dasrulebulia. sam-Seneblo samuSaoebi mxolod kompleq-sis ramdenime obieqtze mimdinareobs (sanaTlavi, seminaria-akademiis Senoba

da muzeumi). taZari yovelTvis savsea mlocvelebiT. wm. samebis sakTedro taZari Cveni eris Seuryeveli rwmenis, erTobisa da SemarTebis simbolodaa aRmarTuli.

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1994 wlis dasasruls quTaisis saxelmwifo universitetis reqtoris, prof. m. Toduas da qarTvel mecnier-Ta erTi jgufis iniciativiT gadawyda, dafuZnebuliyo gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademia, romelic wm. daviT mefis mier XII saukuneSi, gelaTis monasterSi daarsebuli saswavleblis msgavsad simbolo unda yofiliyo rwmenisa da codnisa. es azri moxsenda saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs, mis uwmidesobas ilia II, romelic didi gulisxmiere-biT gamoexmaura am cnobas _ man Tavis saaRdgomo epistoleSi sixaruliT amcno mrevls: `misasalmebelia, rom Cvens mecnierTa wreSi gaCnda survili da moTxovnileba gelaTis akademiis, rogorc samecniero centris aRdgeni-sa im saxiT, rogorc es iyo dadgineb-uli wmida mefe daviT aRmaSeneblis mier. cnobilia, rom daviT mefis meca-dineobiT gelaTis akademia iqca `sx-uad aTinad da meore ierusalemad~, anu sulierebisa da mecnieruli kvlevis centrad... Cven mxari davuWireT in-teligenciis am ideas da gadavwyviteT, saqarTvelos sapatriarqos sulieri mfarvelobiT da xelisuflebis aqti-uri TanadgomiT quTaisSi daarsdes gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademia, sadac arCeul akademikosTa xelmZRvanelo-biT damuSavdeba didi speqtri su-lieri TvaliT danaxuli samecniero Temebisa. gansakuTrebuli yuradReba

mieqceva bibliologias, RvTismetyvele-bas, qarTvelologiur enaTmecnierul kvlevas, kulturuli, fsiqologiuri, anTropologiuri, eTikuri, istoriuli da sxva sakiTxebis gaSuqebas. aq erTad imoRvaweben Cveni cnobili saero mkv-levarni da sasuliero pirni. eklesiis cxovrebaSi iyo gamorCeuli periodebi, roca gansakuTrebulad Rvivdeboda saRvTismetyvelo azri. aseT dros sx-vadasxva adgilze Cndeboda sulier-in-teleqtualuri kerebi. vfiqrobT, gela-Tis akademiac msgavs savaned iqceva.~

1995 wlis 14 marts uwmidesma da unetaresma saqarTvelos sapatriar-qos rezidenciaSi moiwvia sainiciati-vo jgufis sxdoma, xolo amave wlis 5 aprils wm. sinodis sxdomaze miRe-bul iqna ganCineba: `qarTveli erisa da sruliad saqarTvelos mosaxleo-bis sulieri ganmtkicebisaTvis, misi inteleqtualuri da zneobrivi ganvi-TarebisaTvis, q. quTaisSi, gelaTis aka-demiasTan, garda sasuliero saswavle-blisa, daarsdes gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademia da amiT aRdges wm. mefe da-viT aRmaSeneblis mier dafuZnebuli gelaTis akademiis tradicia”.

sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis, uwmidesisa da unetaresis ilia II kurTxeviTa da TanadgomiT idea gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademiis daarsebisa ganxorcielda 1995 wlis 25 maisis brZanebiT, romelsac xels

damana meliqiSvili

saqarTvelos sapatriarqosTan arsebuli

gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademia