Mr. ErmerWorld History HonorsMiami Beach Senior High

COLONIAL LATIN AMERICA

Spanish Conquest

•Conquistadors: Spanish conquerors of America •Hernan Cortez defeats mighty Aztecs in just three years•1550: Spain controls Mexico•Francisco Pizarro: takes control of Inca Empire in S.A. Andes Mts.•Spanish have tight control of L.A.•Queen Isabella issues encomienda, the right to use Natives as slaves

Spain & The Native Americans

•Slavery, starvation and disease decimate Native populations•1492-1538: Population of Hispañola from 250,000 to 500•Spanish missionaries come to baptize Native Americans•Spanish way of life replaces the Native American ways of living

Colonialism In Latin America•Portugal dominates Brazil•Spain controls most of South & Central America, and parts of North America• In Central & South America emerges a new civilization called Latin America• Intermarriage between Spanish and Natives (mestizos)• 8 million African slaves, intermarry (mulattoes)• Different races mixing brings multiculturalism

• Spain & Portugal grow rich from American gold and silver, as well as farming

Latin American Economy•Farming controlled by large land owners•Natives work on large plantations for Spanish and Portuguese, or small farms•Raw materials shipped to Europe:•Sugar, diamonds, tobacco, animal hides•By 1700s, Britain and France establish small claims in Latin American market

Church & State•Lack of communication and travel makes it hard for Spain & Portugal to control Latin American colonies; local gov. have power•Spain & Portugal wish to “Christianize” Natives—Catholic Church plays big role•Catholic Missionaries grouped natives into missions, where they could be taught Christianity, trades, and grow crops

•Women can be educated as nuns

Chapter 11 Assessment•On page 208, write and answer questions 1-9