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$: mºv - IslamHouse.com · DA’WA BOOKS Malayalam l Study l Nabi yude Nomb \_n -bpsS t\mºv Original Title : Swifathu Swaumi An-nabiyyi Fee Ramadan Authors : Saleem Al-Hilaly, Ali$
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samgnam‰w:

PAv^¿ aplΩZv A∂Pvan

DA’WA BOOKSP.B No: 1981, Vyttila, Cochin - 19

keoap¬ lnemen, Aen lk≥ A¬ le_n

\_nbpsS t\mºv

DA’WA BOOKSMalayalam l Study l Nabiyude Nomb

\_n-bpsS t\mºvOriginal Title : Swifathu Swaumi An-nabiyyi Fee Ramadan

Authors : Saleem Al-Hilaly, Ali Hasan Al-HalabyTranslator : Jafar Muhammad An-Najmi

First Edition : July 2011

Price: Rs. 90.00

Publisher l DistributionDa’wa Books l Vyttila l Kochi - 19 l Kerala l India

Web: www.dawabooks.org l Email: [email protected]: Primrose l Type Setting : Shabin, Areacode l Printing : Anaswara Offset, Kochi

ISBN: 978-81-920340-9-6All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or utilised in any form or

by any means without the prior written permission of the publishers.

A¥mcmjvS \nehmcØn¬ aebmf ]pkvXIßƒ ]pdØnd-

°pIbpw ]k‡amb hnhn[ mjmKŸßƒ aebmfØnte-

°v samgnam‰w \SØn ]kn≤oIcn°pIbpw A¥mcmjvS kaq-

lØn\v ]cnNbs∏SptØ≠ aebmf auenI IrXnIƒ a‰p

`mjIfnte°v ]cn mjs∏SpØn ]kn≤oIcn°pIbpw sNøpI-

sb∂ e£ytØmsS XpS°w Ipdn® "ZAvhm _pIvkv' it≤b-

hpw hyXncn‡hpamb ]pkvXIßƒ ]pdØnd°ns°m≠v CXn-

\Iw Xs∂ ]pkvXI ]km[\ cwKØv ÿnc]XnjvT t\Sn-

°gn™n´p≠v, ¬q∏d ~ª◊G.hnip≤ Jp¿B\pw Xncpkp∂ØpamIp∂ Ckvemans‚ ASn-

ÿm\ ]amWßsf, ]hmNIs‚ ]tXyIamb AwKoImcw-

e`n® BZna Xeapd°m¿ a\ nem°nbXpt]mse a\ nem-

°Wsa∂ Alvepkp∂Øn h¬ PamAØns‚ coXnimkvX-

Øn¬ KŸcN\ \SØnbn´p≈ ]finX≥amcpsS ]pkvXI-

ßfmWv ][m\ambpw ZAvh _pIvkv ]pdØnd°p∂Xv. KŸ-

I¿Øm°fpsS kz¥amb A`n]mbßfnte°v £Wn°pIb-

√, ]amW_≤ambn Imcyßsf hnebncpØpIbpw a\ nem-

°pIbpw sNøp∂Xnte°v \bn°pIbmWv CØcw KŸßƒ

]pdØnd°ptºmƒ "ZAvh _pIvkv' Dt±in°p∂Xv. KŸI¿-

Øm°fpsS kz¥amb A`n]mbßƒ ZAvhm _pIvkns‚

A`n-]m-b-ß-f-s√-∂¿∞w.

Xn∑-I-sfm-gn™v \∑-Iƒ ]q°p∂ PohnXkml-Ncyw krjvSn®v

a\p-jysc kz¿K-Øn-te-°-Sp-∏n-°p-I-bmWv t\mºv sNøp∂-Xv.

a\xip≤o-I-c-Whpw ]c-temItam£-hp-am-Ip∂ hX-e-£y-ßƒ

km£m-XvI-cn-°-s∏-S-W-sa-¶n¬, A\p-jvTm\w ]q¿-W-ambpw ]-

hm-N-I-N-cy-bn-e-[n-jvTn-X-am-h-Ww. \_nbpsS t\mºns‚ hni-

Zmw-ißƒ lZo-Yp-I-fpsS shfn®-Øn¬ kq£v-a-ambn A]-KYn-

°p∂ ]T-\w.

\mYm.... \o CsXmcp ]Xn- -em¿l-amb ]h¿Ø-\-ambn kzoI-

cn-t°-Wta (Bao≥)

amt\-P¿

XmfpIfn¬

hnh¿ØI°pdn∏v- ............................................................................. 13

1. t\m-ºn-s‚- ti-jv-T-X-Iƒ .......................................................... 13

2. daZm\ns‚- alØzw .................................................................... 26

3. d-a-Zm≥- h-Xw \n¿_‘I¿aamWv ......................................... 31

4. d-a-Zm≥- h-X-Øn-s‚ ti-jv-T-X- ................................................ 35

5. a\x]q¿hw t\mºpt]£n°p∂h¿°v- ap∂dnbn∏v- ........ 38

6. t\m-ºn-s‚- hn-[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ .................................................... 40

7. d-a-Zm≥- h-cpw-ap-ºv .......................................................................... 41

8. \n-ø-Øv ............................................................................................. 45

9. t\mºns‚- kabw........................................................................ 52

10. A-Øm-gw- ......................................................................................... 64

11. t\m-ºp-Im-c≥- h¿-Pn-t°-≠- Im-cy-ßƒ- .............................. 71

12. t\m-ºp-Im-c-\v- A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-b- Imcyßƒ.................... 75

13. A-√m-lp- Ff-p-∏w- D-t-±-in-°p-∂p- ............................................ 81

14. t\m-ºp-Xp-d-°¬- .......................................................................... 89

15. t\mºns\ Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Imcyßƒ ................... 100

16. JZ-mho´¬ .................................................................................... 107

17. ]mb-—nØw ................................................................................. 115

18.- A¬-^n-Zv-bx- .................................................................................. 117

19. ssee-Xp¬JZv¿ ........................................................................ 128

20. CAvXnIm-^v- ............................................................................... 136

21. Xdm-holv \a-kvImcw .............................................................. 145

22.- ^nXzv¿kImXv ............................................................................ 153

23. ]pWy da-Z-m\pw Nne Zp¿_e lZo-Y-p-Ifpw .................. 165

A\p-_‘w 1:

CAvXnIm^v aq∂v ]≈nIfn¬ amXtam? ............................ 175

KŸ-kq-Nn ......................................................................................... 177

hnh¿ØI°pdn∏v-

A-√m-lp-hn-\v- kv-Xp-Xn.- A-h-s‚- A-]m-c-am-b- A-\p-K-lw- H∂p-

sIm-≠p- am-X-am-Wv- Cu- K-Ÿw- sh-fn-®w- I-≠-Xv.- hn-h-c-W-Øns‚-

em-f-n-Xy-hp-w- ]-am-W-_-≤-am-b- hn-h-c-W- ssi-en-bp-am-Wv- Cu- KŸ-

tØm-Sv- Xm¬-]-cyw- tXm-∂m-\p-≈- ]-[m-\- Im-c-Ww.- hm-bn-®p- I-

gn-™-t∏mƒ- ]-cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øm-≥- Xm¬-]-cyw- tXm-∂n.- G-Xm\pw-

A-[ym-bßƒ- sN-bv-Xp- Xo¿-Ø-t∏mƒ- ]-e-t∏m-gpw- kw- -hn-®-Xpt]m-

se- C-S-bv-°p-sh-®v- \ndp-Øn.- ]n-s∂- a-s‰m-cp- K-Ÿ-Øn-s‚- ]cn`mj-

bn-em-bn- a-\- v.- B-bn-S-°m-Wv- ]n-b- kv-t\-ln-X≥- D-kv-am≥- ]me-

°m-gn-sb- Im-Wm-\n-S-bm-b-Xv. A-t±-l-am-Wv- C-u- K-ŸØn-s‚- ]-

cn- -m-j- ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-®v- ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ B-th-i-hpw- ]-tNmZ\-

hpw- \¬-In-b-X-v.- A-√m-lp- A-t±-l-Øn-\v- X-°-Xm-b- ]-Xn-^-ew-

\¬Is -.

H-cp- hn-Zym¿-Yn- am-X-am-b- hy-‡n- ]-K-¤-cm-b- ]-fin-X-∑mcpsS-

K-Ÿw- ]-cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ- I-t≠-°m-hp-∂- A]mIXIsf-

√mw- C-Xn¬- I-t≠-°mw.- A-dn-hp-≈-h¿- I-s≠-Øp-∂- A-]mIXI-

ƒ- Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°-W-sa-∂v- A-t]-£.- A-Sp-Ø- ]-Xn-∏n¬- A-h-

Xn-cp-Øm-a-t√m.- Zo-\o- ]-t_m-[-\-Øn-s‚- h-gn-bn¬- c-N-\-Iƒ- \S-

Øn- C-\n-bpw- ap-t∂m- p- t]m-Ip-hm≥-- C-sXm-cp \n-an-Ø-am-bn-Øocp-

sa-∂v- ]-Xym-in-°p-∂p.- k-Xym-t\z-jn-Iƒ-°v- sh-fn-®w- \¬-Ip-∂-

\n-Xy-kp-I-r-X-am-bn- A-√m-lp- C-Xn-s\- kzo-I-cn-°p-am-dm-I-s -, Bao-

≥.- ]-Zm-\p-]-Z- hn-h¿-Ø-\-sØ-°mƒ- B-i-b- hn-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-\mWv-

C-Xn¬- i-≤n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

I-Tn-\- Xym-K-ßƒ-°n-S-bn-epw- a-X-hn-⁄m-\-cw-K-Øv- F-s∂-

]n-Sn-®p- \n-d-p-Ønb-- km-Xzn-I-\m-b F-s‚- ]n-Xm-hn-\pw- kv-t\-l\n[n-

bm-b- am-Xm-hn-\pw- A-√m-lp- a-K-v- n-d-Xpw- a¿-l-a-X-pw \¬-Ip-amdmI-

s´-.- A-dn-hp- ]-I¿-∂p- \¬-In-b- F-√m- Kp-cp-°-∑m¿-°pw- ZAvhm

_pIvknse AWn-bd in¬]n-Iƒ°pw a‰v A`ypZbImw£nIƒ-

°pw- A-√m-lp- C-l,-- ]-c- ku- m-Ky-ßƒ- \¬-Ip-am-dmIs´, Bao≥.-

- -

P-Av-^¿- ap-l-Ω-Zv- A-∂-Pv-an-

A¬-sF≥

1. t\m-ºn-s‚- ti-jv-T-X-Iƒ

a-lm-\pw- A-Xyp-∂-X-\p-am-b- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- ]o-Xn- ]Xo£n-

®p-sIm-≠v- -t\m-º-\p-j-v-Tn-°p-∂-Xn-\v- t]-c-W- \¬-Ip-∂- \n-c-h-[n-

J-fin-X- kq-‡-ßƒ- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬- \-ap-°-v-- Im-Wp-hm≥-

km[n°pw.

""(A-√m-lp-hn-\v)- Io-gv-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cm-b- ]p-cp-j-∑m¿,- kv-Xo-Iƒ,-

hn-izm-kn-I-fm-b- ]p-cp-j-∑m¿,- kv-Xo-Iƒ, -‡n-bp-≈-h-cm-b- ]pcp-

j-∑m¿,- kv-Xo-Iƒ, k-Xy-k-‘-cm-b- ]p-cp-j-∑m¿,- kv-Xo-Iƒ, £am-

io-e-cm-b- ]p-cp-j-∑m¿,- kv-Xo-Iƒ, hn-\o-X-cm-b- ]p-cp-j-∑m¿,- kvXo-

Iƒ, Zm-\w- sN-øp-∂-h-cm-b- ]p-cp-j-∑m¿,- kv-Xo-Iƒ, h-X-a-\pjvTn-

14 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

°p-∂-h-cm-b- ]p-cp-j-∑m¿,- kv-Xo-Iƒ, X-ß-fp-sS- Kp-ly-m-h-b-hßƒ-

Im-Øp-kq-£n-°p-∂-hcm-b- ]p-cp-j-∑m¿,- kv-Xo-Iƒ, [m-cm-f-am-bn-

A-√m-lp-sh- Hm¿-an-°p-∂-h-cm-b- ]p-cp-j-∑m¿,- kv-Xo-Iƒ C-h¿°v-

Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- A-√m-lp- ]m-]-tam-N-\-hpw- a-l-Øm-b- ]-Xn- -ehpw-

H-cp-°n-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂p-.''- (33:-35)

""k-Xy-hn-im-kn-I-tf,- \n-ß-fp-sS- ap-ºp-≈htcm-Sv- I¬]n®ncp-

∂- t]m-se-Ø-s∂- \n-ßƒ-°p-w- t\m-ºv- \n¿-_-‘-a-mbn- I¬]n°-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.- \n-ßƒ- tZm-j-_m-[-sb- kq-£n-°p-hm≥- th≠nb-

sX- A-Xv.''-- (2:-183)

t\m-ºv- \-c-I-Øn¬-\n-∂p-≈- c-£-m-I-h-N-hpw- tZ-tl-O-I-fn¬-

\n-∂p-≈- Im-h¬-tIm-´-bp-am-sW-∂v- kv-Yn-c-s∏-´- l-Zo-Y-p-I-fn-eqsS-

]-hm-N-I≥- \-sΩ- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v.- A-\p-Kr-lo-X- \m-a-ß-fpsS-

D-S-a-ÿ-\m-b- A-√m-lp- t\m-ºp-Im¿-°m-bn- kz¿-K- I-hm-S-ß-fn¬-

-H-∂n-s\- ]-tXy-Iw- X-bm-dm-°n- sh-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- a-\- p-I-sf- Ahbp-

sS- X-∂n-jv-S-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v- am-‰m-\pw- A-h-bp-sS- Zp¿-_-e-io-e-ßƒ°v-

X-S-bn-Sm-\pw- t\m-ºn-\v- km-[n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v- t\m-ºp-aq-ew- a\ n-

\v- k-am-[m-\w- Iq-Sn- e- n-°p-∂p.- t\m-ºn-s‚- ti-jv-T-X-I-sf-°pdn®pw-

A-Xn-\v- e-`n-°p-∂- D-∂-X-am-b- ]-Xn-^-e-ß-sf-°p-dn-®pw- ti-jw-

]-Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-Sp-∂- kzo-Im-cy-tbm-Ky-am-b- l-Zo-Y-p-Iƒ- \-ap-°v-

hy-‡-am-b- hn-i-Zo-I-c-Ww- \¬-Ip-∂-Xm-bn- Im-W-mw.-

1.- t\m-ºv- \-s√m-cp- ]-cn-N-

hn-hm-lw- I-gn-°m-\p-≈- Xo-h-am-b- tam-l-ap-≠m-bn- pw- (kmº-

Ø-n-I- ]-bm-k-ß-tfm- hn-]¬- km-l-N-cy-ß-tfm- \n-anØw)- AXn\v-

km-[n-°m-Ø-h-tcm-Sv- t\m-º-\p-jv-Tn-°m≥- \n¿-tZ-in-®-Xn-eq-sS- t\m-

ºv- \-s√m-cp- ssew-Kn-I-hn-Im-c- kw-lm-cn-bm-sW-∂v- ]-hm-N-I≥\-sΩ- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.- a-\p-jym-h-b-h-ß-fp-sS- A-\n-b-¥n-X- I-cpØn-

\v- X-S-bn-Sm-\pw- A-h-sb- im-¥-am-°p-hm-\pw- I-Sn-™m-Wn-´p- \ndp-

Øp-hm-\pw- t\m-ºn-\v- km-[n-°p-∂p.- B-¥-cn-I -I-gn-hp-I-sf-bpw-

_m-ly-m-h-b-h-ß-sf-bpw- (tæ-O-X-I-fn-¬-\n-∂-pw)- Im-Øp- kwc£n-

15\_n-bpsS t\mºv

°p∂Xn¬- t\m-ºn-\v- B-i-v-N-cy-I-c-am-b- kzm-[o-\w- sN-ep-Øm≥-

km-[n-°p-sa-∂Xv- k¿-hm-w-Ko-Ir-X-am-b- H-cp- h-kv-Xp-X-bm-Wv.- \_n-]-d-bp-∂p-:-

""bph- k-aq-l-ta,- \n-ß-fn¬- B¿-s°¶n-epw- hn-hm-l-Ø-n-\v-

ku-I-cy-s∏- m¬- ssh-Im-sX- A-h≥- hn-hm-ln-X-\m-I-s´.- Im-cWw-

hn-hm-lw- (h-n-e-°-s∏- - t\m- -ß-fn¬-\-n-∂v)- I-Æn-s\- XmgvØn°p-

∂-Xpw- Kp-lym-h-b-h-sØ- G-‰-hpw- \-∂m-b-n- kw-c-£n-°p-∂-XpamWv.-

F-∂m¬- B-¿-s°-¶n-epw hn-hm-lw- sN-øm≥- km-[n-°m-sX- h∂m-

¬- A-h≥- t\m-ºv- ap-dp-sI- ]n-Sn-°-s´.- Im-cWw- t\m-ºv- A-h-\v- H-

cp- hn-Im-c-i-a-\n-bm-Ip-∂p.''-(1)

kz¿-Kw- a-\p-jy-\v- A-\n-jv-S-I-c-am-b- Im-cy-ßƒ-sIm-≠pw- \cIw-

tZ-tl-O-Iƒ- sIm-≠p-am-Wv- h-e-bw- sN-ø-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂v- \_n-

h-n-i-Zo-I-cn-®n- p-≠-v.- X-∂n-jv-S-ß-sf- ]n-gp-sX-dn-bp-∂-Xpw- \-cIØn-

te-°-Sp-∏n-°p-∂- hn-Im-c- hn-t£m- -ß-sf- X-I¿-°p-∂X-pw-- t\mºm-

sW-∂p- h-∂m¬,-- k-Xy-Øn¬- t\m-ºm-Wv- a-\p-jy-\pw- \-c-I-Øn\p-

an-S-bn¬- "a-d'-bm-bn- \n-e-sIm-≈p-∂-sX-∂p- ]-d-bm≥- km-[n-°pw.-

C-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv- l-Zo-Yp-I-fn¬- t\m-ºn-s\-°p-d-n-®v- "\-c-I-Øn¬-

\n-∂p- c-£- t\-Sm-\p-≈- tIm- -'-sb-∂pw \-cIm-Kv-\n-bn¬-\n-∂v- (ico-

c-sØ)- a-d-®p-]n-Sn-°m-\p-≈- ]-cn-N-sb-∂pw- ]-cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bncn-

°p-∂-Xv.- \-_n- ]-d-™p-:-

""GsXmcp Zmk≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ (Hcp Znhkw)

t\msº-Sp-Ømepw B Hcp Znh-ksØ t\mºv ImcWw A√mlp

Ahs‚ apJsØ \c-I-Øn¬ \n∂v Fgp-]Xv "Jco v'(2) AIse-

1. _pJmcn(4/106), apkvenw(1400); C_v\p akv-Du-Zn¬ \n∂v.

2. "Fgp-]Xv Jco v' F∂m¬ Fgp-]Xv h¿jsØ bmXm- ZqcamWv. C]-Imcw

^Xvlp¬ _mcn(6/48)-bn¬ ]d-™n- p-≠v.

16 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

bm-°m-Xn-cn-°n-√.''(3)

\-_n- ]-d-™p-:-

""t\m-ºv-- H-cp- ]-cn-N-bm-Wv.- t\m-ºp-Im-c≥- A-Xp-]-tbm-Kn-®v- \-

c-I-Øn¬- \n-∂v- ]-cn-c-£- t\-Sp∂p.''(4)-

\-_n- ho-≠p-w- ]-d-™p-:

""A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- am¿-K-Øn-em-bn-cn-s°- B-sc-¶n-epw- H-cp- Znh-

kw- t\m-º-\p-jv-Tn-®m¬- A-h-\pw- \-c-I-Øn-\p-an-S-bn¬- B-Im-i-

`q-an-Iƒ-°n-S-bn-se- A-I-e-tØm-fw- hn-im-e-am-b- H-cp- In-S-ßv- A√m-

lp- Xo¿-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.''(5)

Cu- ]-d-™- l-Zo-Yp-Iƒ- bp-≤-th-f-bn-epw- k-a-c- cw-K-Øp-ambn

t\m-º-\p-jv-Tn-°p-∂-Xn-s‚- ti-jvT-X-I-fm-Wv- hn-h-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂sX-

∂v- Nn-e- ]-fin-X-∑m¿- A- n-]m-b-s∏- n- p-≠v.- F-∂m¬- A-√m-lphn-

s‚- am-Xw- ]o-Xn- B-K-ln-®pw- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-bp-sS- N-cy-b\pk-

cn-®pw- A-\p-jv-Tn-°-s∏-Sp-∂- Hm-tcm- t\m-ºpw- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- "am¿K-

Øn¬-'- F-∂- K-W-Øn¬- s]-Sp-sa-∂-XmWv- hm-kv-X-hw.-

3. _pJmcn(6/35), apkvenw(1153); A_q-kCu-Zn¬ JpZvcnøn¬ \n∂v.

4. AlvaZv(3/241), (3/296); Pm_ndn¬ \n∂v, AlvaZv(4/22); DYvam\p_v\p A-

_n¬ Bkn¬ \n∂v. CXv kzlo-lmb lZo-Ym-Wv.

5. Xn¿anZn(1624) A_q-D-amaxbpsS lZo-Yn¬ \n∂v, CXns‚ k\-Zn(-]-c-ºcbn)¬

Hcp Ipg-∏-ap≠v. AXv A¬heo-Zn_v\p Pao¬ BWv; At±lw kXyk‘-

\m-Wv, sX‰p ]‰pw. ]t£ At±lw ]n¥p-S-c-s∏-´n-´p-(-ap-Xm-_-A-Øp)≠v;

Xz_vdm\n apAvPap¬ I_o-dn(8/260, 274, 280)¬ c≠v am¿K-ß-fn-eqsS A¬-

Izm-kn-an¬ \n∂pw, At±lw A_q-D-amaxbn¬ \n∂pw D≤-cn-®-Xv. C∆nj-

b-I-ambn A_p±¿Zm-Av¬ \n∂p≈ \nth-Z-\-hp-ap≠v; Xz_vdm\n apAvPap-

zKo-dn(1/273)¬ D≤-cn-®-Xv, AXn¬ "ZpAv^p'(-Zp¿_-e-X-bp)-≠v. F∂m¬

lZoYv kzlo-lm-Wv.

17\_n-bpsS t\mºv

2.- t\m-ºv- kz¿-K-Øn-te-°v- h-g-n-Im-Wn-°p-∂p-

kp-Ir-X-hm-\m-b- kp-lr-tØ,- I-q-Sp-X¬- kp-Ir-X-ßƒ- sN-øphm-

\p-≈- m-Ky-hpw- B-flo-b- ]n-¥p-W-bpw- Xm-¶ƒ-°pw- \-ap-°pw- A√m-

lp- \¬-I-s -!- t\m-º-v- H-cp-h-s\- \-c-Im-·nbn¬-\n-∂pw- A-I-‰psa∂p-

h-∂m¬- ]n-s∂- A-Xv- kz¿-K-Øn-te-°m-Wv- \-bn-°p-∂-sX-∂v- a\ n-

em-°m≥- ]-bm-k-a-n-√.-

A-_q- D-am-a- ]-d-bp-∂p-: ""Rm≥- tNm-Zn-®p-:- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚-

]-hm-N-I-tc,- kz¿-K-Øn¬- ]-th-in-°m-\p-X-Ip-∂- H-cp- Bcm[\-

sb-°p-dn-®v- ]-d-™p-X-∂m-epw.'' A-hn-Sp-∂v- ]-™p-:-

""Xm-¶ƒ- t\m-ºv- ap-dp-sI- ]n-Sn-°p-I-;- A-Xn-\v- k-am-\w- a-s‰m∂n-

√.''(6)

3.- t\m-ºp-Im¿-°v- A-Xn-s‚- ]-Xn- -ew- I-W-°n-√m-Ø-\nebn-

¬- ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-®p- \¬-I-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.-

4. t\m-ºp-Im-c-\v- c-≠p- k-t¥m-j-(k-µ¿- )-ßƒ- e- n-°p-∂p.-

5-. t\m-ºp-Im-c-s‚- hm-bp-sS- K-‘w- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚-b-Sp-Øv-

I-kv-Xq-cn-sb-°mƒ- kp-K-‘-ap-≈-Xm-bn- K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

A-_q-lp-d-bv-d-bn¬- \n-∂pw- \n-th-Z-\w-.-- \-_-n-- ]-d-bp-∂-p-:-

6. \km-Cu(4/165), C_v\p ln∫m≥(-a-hm-cn-Zv t]Pv 232), lm°nw(1/421) F∂nh¿

D≤-cn-®-Xv. CXns‚ ]-c-º-c kzlo-lm-Wv.

18 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

A-√m-lp- ]-d-™p-: ""a-\p-jy-s‚- F-√m- ]-hr-Øn-I-fpw- A-h\p-

≈-Xm-Wv- (A-h-bv-°v- \n¿-Wn-X- ]-Xn-^-eßƒ- \¬-I-s∏-Sp-∂Xm-

Wv).- F-∂m¬- t\m-ºv- F-\n-°p-(am-X)-≈-Xm-Wv.- A-Xn-\m¬- Rm≥-

X-s∂- A-Xn-\v- ]-Xn-^-ew- \¬-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.- t\m-ºv- H-cp- ]-cnNbm-

Wv.- \n-ß-fn-em-cpw- t\-m-ºp-Zn-\-Øn¬- h-g-°p-≠m-°p-I-tbm- A«o-

`m-j-W-Øn-te¿-s]-Sp-I-tbm- sN-ø-cp-Xv.- C-\n- B-sc-¶n-epw- Ahs\-

h-g-°p- ]-d-bp-I-tbm- a¿-Zn-°p-I-tbm- sN-bv-Xm¬- "Rm≥- t\m-ºpImc-

\m-sW'-∂v- ]-d-™p-sIm-≈-s´.- ap-l-Ω-Z-n-s‚- B-flm-hv- G-sXmcph-

s‚- I-c-ß-fn-em-tWm- A-h-\n¬- k-Xyw-!- t\m-ºp-Im-c-s‚- hm-bpsS-

K-‘w- A-√m-lp-h-n-s‚-b-Sp-°¬- I-kv-Xq-cn-sb-°-mƒ- kp-K-‘-ap-≈Xm-

Wv.- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\v- k-t¥m-jn-°-Ø-°- c-≠v- B-\-µ-th-f-I-fp-≠v.-

t\m-ºv- ap-dn-°p-∂- th-f-bn¬- A-h≥- k-t¥m-jn-°p-∂p.- X-s‚- c-

£n-Xm-hn-s\- I-≠p-ap-´p-∂- Zn-\-Øn¬- t\m-ºn-s‚- ]-Xn-^-ew- I-

≠pw- A-h≥- k-t¥m-jn-°p-∂p.''(7)

C-amw- _p-Jm-cn bp-sS- \n-th-Z-\-Øn¬- C-]-Im-cw-Iq-Sn- Im-

Wmw-:-

""t\m-ºp-Im-c≥- A-∂-]m-\o-b-ßfpw- ssew-Kn-tI-O-I-fpw- F\n-

°m-bn- h¿-Pn-°p-∂p.- t\m-ºv- F-\n-°p-(am-X)-≈-Xm-Wv. Rm-\-Xn\v-

(X-°)- ]-Xn-^-ew- \¬-Ip-I-X-s∂- sN-øpw.- H-cp- \-∑-°v- A-Xn-s‚-

]-Øn-c-´n-bm-Wv- ]-Xn-^-ew- \¬-I-s∏-Sp-I.''

C-amw- ap-kv-en-an- s‚- dn-t∏m¿-´v- C-ß-s\-bm-Wv-:

7. _pJm-cn(4/88), apkvenw(1151). e vZv(hm-N-I-ßƒ) _pJm-cn-bp-tS-Xv.

19\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""B-Zw- k-¥X-n-I-fp-sS- I¿-a-ßƒ- ]-Øp-a-S-ßv- ap-X¬- F-gp∂q-

d-v- a-S-ßp-h-sc- C-c´n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂p-:- "t\m-

sºm-gn-sI. (t\m-ºn-\v- C-Xv- _m-[-I-a-√).- Im-c-Ww- A-sX-\n-°v-

am-X-ap-≈-Xm-Wv.- Rm≥- X-s∂- A-Xn-\v- (X-°)- ]-Xn- -ew- \¬Ip-

∂-Xm-Wv. t\m-ºp-Im-c≥- X-s‚- B-lm-c-hpw- hn-Im-c-hpw- F-\n°mbn-

D-t]-£n-°p-∂p.- A-h-\v- c-≠p- k-t¥m-j-ß-fp≠v.- (H-∂v)- X-s‚-

t\m-ºp- ap-dn-°p-tºm-gp-≈- k-t¥m-jw.- (a-s‰m-∂v)-X-s‚- \m-Y-s\-

I-≠p-ap-´p-∂- Zn-h-k-Øn-epw.- t\m-ºp-Im-c-s‚- hm-bp-sS- K-‘w- -A-

√m-lp-h-n-s‚-b-Sp-°¬- I-kv-Xq-cn-sb-°-mƒ- kp-K-‘-ap-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p.''

6.- t\m-ºpw- Jp¿B-\pw- ip-]m¿-i- sN-øpw-

\-_n- ]-d-™p-:-

""t\m-ºpw- Jp¿-B-\pw- A-¥y-\m-fn¬- A-Xn-s‚-bm-fp-Iƒ-°v-

ip-]m¿-i-I-cm-bn- h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv.- t\m-ºv- ]-d-bpw: "\m-Ym,- Rm≥- C-

bm-sf- A-∂-]m-\o-b-ß-fn¬-\n-∂pw- X-S-™p-\n¿-Øn. -A-Xn-\m¬-

C-bm-fp-sS- Im-cy-Øn¬- F-s‚- ip-]m¿-i- kzo-I-cn-®m-epw-!' Jp¿B≥-

]-d-bpw-: "\m-Ym,- C-bm-sf- cm-Xn-Im-e- \n-Z-I-fn¬- \n-∂pw- R-m≥-

X-S-™p.-- A-Xn-\m¬- C-bm-fp-sS- Im-cy-Øn¬- F-s‚- ip-]m¿-i- kzo-

I-cn-®m-epw.' Xp-S¿-∂v- A-h-bp-sS- ip-]m¿-i-Iƒ- kzoIcn°s∏Sp∂-

Xm-Wv.-''(8)

8. AlvaZv(6626), lmInw(1/554), A_q-\p-sFw(8/161) F∂n-h¿ hnhn[ am¿Kßfn-

eqsS lpbøv _v\p A_vZn-√-bn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw A_vZp¿d-lvam-\p¬

lp_p-en-bn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p Awdn¬ \n∂pw D≤cn-

®-Xv. Xz_vdm-\n-bpsS apAvPap¬ I_o-dn-te-°p-IqSn tN¿Øp ]d-™-Xn\v

tijw aPva-D- -hm-C-Zn(3/181)¬ sslYan ]d™p: ""CXnse \nthZ-I-∑m¿

kzlo-lns‚ \nth-Z-I-∑m-cm-Wv.''

i≤°v: ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS ico-cm-t«-j-W-hp-ambn _‘-s∏ v \nthZ-

\w sNøs∏´ Cu lZoYpw AXp-t]m-ep≈ a‰p lZo-Yp-I-fpw bmsXmcphn[

t`Z-K-Xntbm hymJym-\tam IqSmsX Dd®p hniz-kn-°¬ \n¿_-‘-am-Wv.

20 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

7.- t\m-ºv- ]m-b-—n-Øw-

-X-e-bn¬- (t]≥ -t]m-ep-≈)- h-√- i-eyw- \n-an-Ø-tam- tcmKImc-

W-Øm-tem- C-lv-dm-an-s‚- th-f-bn¬ X-e-apfi-\w- sN-tø-≠n- hcnI.-

(l-÷v- th-f-bn¬)- _-en-ar-K-sØ- A-dp-°m≥- km-[n-°m-sX-h-cnI,-

I-cm-dn-te¿-s]- -h-s\- A-_-≤-Øn¬- sIm-e-sN-øp-I,- i-]-Y-ew-L\w-

\-S-Øp-I,- C-lv-dm-an-em-bn-cn-s°- I-c-Po-hn-sb- th- -bm-Sp-I,- Zn-lm¿-

\-S-Øp-I- (`m-cy- am-Xm-hn-\v- Xp-ey-am-sW-∂v- hm-Zn-°p-I-) Xp-S-ßnb-

]-iv-\-ßƒ-°v ]m-b-—n-Ø-am-bn- A-√m-lp- t\-m-ºn-s\- \n-iv-N-bn®n-

cn-°p-∂-Xv- A-Xn-s‚- \n-kv-Xp-e-am-b- ti-jv-T-X-sb- Im-Wn-°p-∂p.-

C-Xv- -kw-_-‘-am-b- Jp¿-B-≥-- kq-‡-ßƒ- b-Ym-I-aw- Xm-sg-

sIm-Sp-°p-∂p-:-

C-lv-dm-an-s‚- th-f-bn-se- X-e-ap-fi-\-Øn-\pw- l-Zv-b- \¬-ImØ-

Xn-\p-ap-≈- ]m-b-—n-Ø-sØ-°p-dn-®v- A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂p-:-

ImcWw AXmWv k®-cn-X-cmb ke- p-I-fpsS am¿Kw. \n w-ibw B am-

¿K-amWv G‰hpw kpc-£n-Xhpw ssh⁄m-\n-Ihpw XØz-kºq¿Whp-ambn-

´p-≈-Xv. i≤n-°pI Cu \ne-]mSv hnizm-k-Øns‚ G‰hpw ][m-\-s∏´

\n_-‘-\-I-fn-sem-∂m-Wv. A√mlp ]d™p:

""AZr-iy-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw, \a-kvImcw apd-]-Imcw \n¿h-

ln-°p-Ibpw, Ah¿°v \mw \¬In-b-Xn¬ \n∂pw Nnehgn°p∂hcpamWv

Ah(XIzvhbp≈)-¿.'' (2:3)

21\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""\n-ßƒ- A-√m-lp-hn-\p- th-≠n- l-÷pw- Dw-d-bpw- ]q¿-Wambn-

\n¿-h-ln-°p-I.- C-\n- \n-ßƒ-°v- (l-÷v- \n¿-h-ln-°p-∂-Xn-\v)- X-

S- w- kr-jv-Sn-°-s∏-´m¬- \n-ßƒ-°v- ku-I-cy-s∏-Sp-∂- H-cp- _-en-

ar-K-sØ- (_-e-n-b¿-∏n-t°-≠-X-m-Wv).- _-en-ar-Kw- F-tØ-≠- kvYm\-

Øv- F-Øp-∂-Xp-h-sc- \n-ßƒ- X-e- ap-fi-\w- sN-øm-hp-∂-X-√.-

\n-ß-fn-em-sc-¶n-epw- tcm-K-n-bm-hp-I-tbm X-e-bn¬- h-√- i-ey-hpw-

A-\p- -h-s∏-Sp-I-tbm- B-sW-¶n¬ (ap-Sn- \o-°p-∂-Xn-\v)- ]mb—nØ-

am-bn- t\m-tºm- Zm-\-[¿-a-tam- _-en-I¿-a-tam sN-bv-Xm¬- a-Xn-bmIpw.-

C-\n- \n-ßƒ- \n¿-`-bm-h-kv-Y-bn-em-sW-¶n-tem-,- A-t∏mƒ- H-cmƒ-

Dw-d- \-n¿-h-ln-®n- v- l-÷p-h-sc- kp-J-sa-Sp-°p-∂- ]-£w- ku-Icys∏-

Sp-∂- H-cp- _-en-ar-K-sØ- (]m-b-—n-Ø-am-bn-- _-en-\¬-tI-≠-X-mWv).

C-\n- B¿-s°-¶n-epw- A-Xv- In-´m-Ø-]-£w- l-÷n-\n-S-bn¬- aq-∂p-

Z-n-h-k-hpw \n-ßƒ- (\m-´n¬-)- Xn-cn-s®-Øn-bn-´v- G-gp- Z-n-h-k-hpw-

tN¿-Øv- ]-Øp- Zn-h-kw- t\m-º-\pjvTn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- Ip-Spw-_-kta-

Xw- a-kv-Pn-Zp¬- l-dm-an¬- Xm-a-kn-°p-∂-h-c-√m-Ø-h¿-°m-Ip-∂p-

Cu- hn-[n.- \n-ßƒ- A-√m-lp-sh- kq-£n-°p-I-b-pw- A-√m-lp- ITn\-

am-bn- in-£n-°p-∂-h-\m-sW-∂v- a-\- n-em-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-I.'' (2:196)

A-_-≤-Øn¬-,- I-cm-dn-te¿-s]- -h-s\- sIm-∂-Xn-\p-≈- ]m-b—n-

Ø-sØ-°p-dn-®v- A√mlp ]-d-bp-∂p-:-- -

22 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""C-\n- A-h≥- (sIm-√-s∏- -h-≥)- \n-ß-fp-am-bn- k-Jy-Øn-ep≈-

H-cp- P-\-hn- m-K-Øn¬- s]- -h-\m-sW-¶n¬- A-hs‚- A-h-IminIƒ-

°v- \jv-S-]-cn-lm-cw- \¬-Ip-I-bpw- hn-izm-kn-bm-b- H-c-Sn-a-sb- tamNn-

∏n-°p-I-bpw- sN-tø-≠-Xm-Wvv-.- h-√-h-\pw- A-Xv- km-[n-®p-- In- n-bn√sb-

¶n-¬- Xp-S¿-®-bm-bn- c-≠p- am-kw- t\m-º-\p-jvTn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- A√m-

lp- \n-iv-N-bn-®- ]-›m-Xm-]- am¿-K-am-WnXv.- A-√m-lp- F-√mw- Adn-

bp-∂-h-\pw- bp-‡n-am-\p-am-Ip-∂p.'' (4:-92)

i-]-Y-ew-L-\-Øn-s‚- ]m-b—n-Ø-sØ-°p-d-n-®v- A√mlp- ]d-

bp∂p-:-

""t_m-[-]q¿-h-a-√m-sX- \n-ß-fp-sS- i-]-Y-ß-fp-sS- t]-cn¬- \nß-

sf- ]n-Sn-Iq-Sp-I-bn-√.- F-∂m¬- D-d-∏n-®p- sN-bv-X- i-]-Y-ß-fp-sS-

t]-cn¬- A-h≥- \n-ß-sf- ]n-Sn-Iq-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-t∏mƒ- A-Xn-s‚-

(A-Xv- ew-Ln-°p-∂-X-n-s‚)- ]m-b-—n-Øw- \n-ßƒ- \n-ß-fp-sS- ho´p-

Im¿°v- \¬-Im-dp-≈- a[y-\n-e-bn-ep-≈- -£-W-Øn¬- \n-∂v- ]Øp-

km-[p-°ƒ-°v- -£n-°m≥- sIm-Sp-°p-I-tbm- A-s√-¶n¬- A-h¿-°v-

h-kv-Xw- \¬-Ip-I-tbm- As√-¶n¬- Hcp- A-Sn-a-sb- tamNn∏n°pI-

tbm- B-Ip-∂p.- C-\n- h-√h-\pw- A-sXm-∂pw-- In-´n-bn-s√-¶n¬- aq∂v-

Zn-h-kw- t\m-sº-Sp-°p-I-bm-Wv- th-≠-Xv.- \n-ßƒ- k-Xy-w-- sN-bv-Xp-

]-d-™m¬- \n-ß-fp-sS- i-]-Y-ßƒ ew-Ln-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈- ]mb—n-

23\_n-bpsS t\mºv

Ø-am-Ip-∂p- A-Xv.- \n-ß-fp-sS- i-]-Y-ß-sf- \n-ßƒ- kq-£n-®p-

sIm-≈pI.- A-]-Im-cw- A-√m-lp- A-h-s‚- h-N-\-ßƒ- \n-ßƒ°p-

hn-h-cn-®p-X-cp-∂p-;- \n-ßƒ- \-µn-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-hm≥- th-≠n.''

-(5:-89)

C-lv-dm-an-em-bn-cn-s°- I-c-Po-hn-sb- th- -bm-Sp-∂-Xn-\p-≈- ]mb-

—n-Ø-sØ-°p-dn-®v- A√mlp- ]-d-bp-∂p-:-

""k-Xy-hnizm-kn-I-tf,- \n-ßƒ- C-lv-dm-an-em-bn-cn-s°- th- -arK-

sØ- sIm-√-cp-Xv.- \n-ß-fn-sem-cmƒ- a-\-x-]q¿-hw- AXn-s\- sIm√p∂-

]-£w,- A-h≥- sIm-∂-Xn-\v- Xp-ey-sa-∂v- \n-ß-fn¬-\n-∂p-≈- c≠p-

\o-Xn-am-∑m¿- Xo¿-∏p-I¬-]n-°p-∂- Im-en-sb- (A-Y-hm- Im-en-I-sf)-

I-Av-_-Øn-¶¬- F-Øn-t®-tc-≠- _-en-ar-K-am-bn- \¬-tI-≠-Xm-Wv.-

A-se-¶n¬- ]m-b-—n-Øam-bn- G-Xm-\pw- A-K-Xn-Iƒ-°v- B-lm-cw-

\¬-Ip-I-tbm- A-s√-¶n¬- A-Xn-\v- Xp-ey-am-bn- t\m-sº-Sp-°p-Itbm-

sN-tø-≠-Xm-Wvv-.- A-h≥- sN-bv-X-Xn-s‚- -hn-jy--Øv A-h≥- A-\p`hn-

°-m≥- th-≠n-bm-Wn-Xv.- ap-ºv- sN-bv-Xp-t]m-b-Xn-\v- A-√m-lp- am∏p-

\¬-In-bn-cn-°p-∂p.- h-√h-\pw- A-Xv- B-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-]-£w- A√m-

lp- A-h-s‚- t\-sc- in-£m-\-S-]-S-n- kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-√mlp-

]-Xm-]n-bpw- in-£m-\-S-]-Sn- ssI-s°m-≈p-∂-h-\p-am-Ip-∂p.'' (5:95)

`m-cy-am-sc- am-Xm-°ƒ-°v- Xp-ey-am-bn- ]-Jym-]n-°p-∂- Zp-cmNmc-

24 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

Øn-\p-f-f- ]m-b-—n-ØsØ-°p-dn-®v- A√mlp ]-d-bp-∂p-:-

""X-ß-fp-sS- m-cy-am-sc- am-Xm-°ƒ-°v- Xp-ey-am-bn- ]-Jym-]n°pI-

bpw- ]n-∂o-Sv- X-ßƒ- ]-d-™-Xn¬- \n-∂pw- a-S-ßp-I-bpw- sNøp∂h-

¿,- A-h¿- ]-c-kv-]-cw- kv-]¿-in-°p-∂-Xn-\p- ap-ºm-bn- H-cp- A-Snasb-

ta-m-Nn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- A-Xv- \n-ßƒ-°p- \¬-I-s∏-Sp-∂- D-]-tZiam-

Wv.- A-√m-lp- \n-ßƒ- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏-‰n- kq-£v-a-⁄m\-

ap-≈-h-\m-Ip-∂p.- C-\n- h-√-h-\pw- (A-Sn-a-sb)- e-`n-°m-Ø- ]-£w-

A-h¿- ]-c-kv-]-cw- kv-]¿-in-°p-∂-Xn-\p- ap-ºm-bn- Xp-S¿-®-bm-bn- c-

≠p-am-k-°m-ew- t\m-º-\p-jv-Tn-t°-≠-X-m-Wv.- h-√-h-\pw- (A-Xv)-

km-[y-am-Im-Ø- ]-£w- A-dp-]-Xv- A-K-Xn-Iƒ-°v- B-lm-cw- \¬tI-

≠-Xm-Wv.- A-Xv- A-√m-lp-hn-epw- A-h-s‚- Zq-X-\n-epw- \n-ßƒ- hniz-

kn°m≥- th-≠n-b-sX-!- A-h- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- ]-cn-[-n-I-fm-Ip-∂p-.-

k-Xy-\ntj-[n-Iƒ-°v- th-Z-\-tb-dn-b- in-£-bp-≠v.'' (83:-3,4)

A-]-Im-cw,-- [-\-Øn-epw- Ip-Spw-_Im-cy-Øn-epw- A-b¬-°m-cpsS-

]-iv-\-ß-fn-epw- H-cmƒ-°v- ]n-W-bm-hp-∂- ]n-g-hp-Iƒ-°v- ]-cn-lmcam-

bn- t\m-ºpw- Zm-\-hpw- \n-e-sIm-≈p-∂p.-

lp-ssZ-^-- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp-∂p.- \-_n- ]-d-™p-:

25\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""A-b¬-°m-cp-sS- Im-cy-Øn-epw- Ip-Spw-_-hn-j-b-ß-fn-epw- [\-

C-S-]m-Sp-I-fn-epw- a-\p-jy-\v- ]n-g-hp-Iƒ- ]-‰mw.- A-h-sb- Zm-\-hpw-

t\m-ºpw- \-a-kv-Im-c-hpw- ]-cn-l-cn-°p-∂p.''(9)

8.- t\m-º-p-Im¿-°p-≈- "Z-m-l-i-a-\n'- I-hm-Sw-

k-lv-ep-_v-\p- k-A-v-Z- \n-th-Z-\w-.- \-_n- ]-d-™p-:-

""kz-¿-K-Øn¬- "d-øm≥'- (Zm-l-i-a-\n)- F-∂v- \m-a-I-c-Ww- sNø-

s∏-´- H-cp- I-hm-S-ap-≠v.- A-¥y-\m-fn¬- t\m-ºp-Im¿- A-Xn-eq-sS- ]-

th-in-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-h-c-√m-sX- a-‰m-cpw- A-Xn-eq-sS- I-S-°p-∂X√.-

A-h¿- I-S-∂p-I-gn-™mep-S-s\- B- I-hm-Sw- A-S-°-s∏-Spw.- ]n-s∂-

B-cpw- A-Xn-eq-s-S- ]-th-in-°p-∂-X-√.''(10)

a-s‰m-cp- dn-t∏m¿-´n¬- C-ß-s\- Im-Wmw-:-

""A-Xn-eq-sS- ]-th-in-°p-∂-h¿- (H-cp- ]-tX-y-I-X-cw)- ]m-\obw-

Ip-Sn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-Xv- Ip-Sn-®-h¿- ]n-∂o-sSm-cn-°-epw- Zm-lw- A\p -

hn-°p-I-bn-√.''(11)

9. _pJm-cn(2/7), apkvenw(114).

10. _pJm-cn(4/95), apkvenw(1152).

11. C_v\p Jpsska At±-l-Øns‚ kzlo-ln(1903)¬ D≤-cn-®-Xv.

2. daZm\ns‚- alØzw

d-a-Zm≥- \-∑-bp-sS-bpw- A- n-hr-≤n-bp-sS-bpw- am-k-am-Ip-∂p.- \nch-

[n- k-hn-ti-j-X-Iƒ- \¬-In- A√mlp- A-Xn-s\- B-Z-cn-®n-´p-≠v.-

1.- Jp¿-B≥- A-h-X-c-W-Øn-s‚- amkw-

a-\p-jy¿-°v- h-gn-Im- n-bpw- hn-izm-kn-Iƒ-°v- i-a-\u-j-[-hp-ambm-

Wv- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n-s\- A-√m-lp- A-h-X-cn-∏n-®n- p-≈-Xv.- G‰hpw-

i-cn-bm-b-Xn-te-°v- A-Xv- P-\-ß-sf- \-bn-°p-I-bpw- k-∑m¿-K-]m-X-

A-h¿-°-v- hn-h-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.- ]p-Wy-d-a-Zm-\n-se-

J-Zv-dn-s‚- cm-hn-em-bn-cp-∂p- kp-]-[m-\-am-b- Cu- kw- -h-Øn-\v- (Jp¿-

B≥- A-h-X-c-W-Øn-\v)- Xp-S-°w- Ip-dn-°-s∏-´-Xv.- A-√m-lp- ]dbp-

∂p-:-

""P-\-ßƒ-°v- am¿-K-Z¿-i-\-am-bn-s°m-≠pw- t\¿-h-gn-Im- p-∂-Xpw-

k-Xy-hpw- A-k-Xy-hpw- th¿-Xn-cn-®p- Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xp-am-b- kp-hy‡-

am-b- sX-fn-hp-I-fm-bn-s°m-≠pw- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B≥- AhXcn∏n°-

s∏´- am-k-am-Ip-∂p- d-a-Zm≥.- A-Xp-sIm-≠v- \n-ß-fn¬- B¿- B- am-

27\_n-bpsS t\mºv

k-Øn¬- k-∂n-ln-X-cm-tWm- A-h¿- B- am-kw- hXa\pjvTnt°-

≠-Xm-Wv.''- (2:-185)

""Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- \mw- C-Xn-s\- \n¿-W-b-Øn-s‚- (J-Zv-dn-s‚)-

cm-Xn-bn¬- A-h-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.'' (97:-1)

Jp¿-B≥- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏- - am-kw- F-∂v- d-a-Zm-\n-s\- ]cnNb-

s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xn-s\-- Xp-S¿-∂v- "\n-ß-fn¬- B¿- B- am-k-Øn¬- k∂n-

ln-X-cm-tWm- A-h¿- B- am-kw- h-X-a-\p-jv-Tn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv'- F∂p-

]-d-t™-S-Øv- A-d-_n- `m-j-bn¬- Im-c-W-sØ- kq-Nn-∏n-°p-hm≥-

D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂- "^'- F-∂- ]-Xy-bw- D-]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv- kq-Nn-∏n°p∂-

Xv- d-a-Zm-\n-s\- h-X-Im-e-am-bn- \n-iv-N-bn-®-Xp-X-s∂- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿B-

≥- B- am-k-Øn¬- A-h-X-cn-°-s∏-´-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv- F-∂m-Wv.-

2.- -]n-i-m-Np-°ƒ- _-‘-\-ÿ-cm-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-

]p-Wy-d-aZm-\n¬- [n-°m-cn-I-fm-b- ]n-im-Np-°ƒ- N-ß-e-I-fnepw-

I-øm-a-ß-fn-epw- _-‘-\-ÿ-cm-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xp-aq-ew- q-an-bn¬- Xn∑I-

fpw- sX-‰p-I-fpw- Xm-c-X-tay-\- Ip-d-™p- Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂p.- hn-izm-knIƒ-

tZ-tl-O-sb- \njv-Im-k-\w- sN-øm-\p-X-Ip-∂- -hX-Øn-epw- a-\x-

kw-kv-I-c-W-Øn-\v- k-lm-b-I-am-b- Jp¿-B≥- ]m-cm-b-W-Øn-epw-

C-X-c- B-cm-[-\-I-fn-epw- ap-gp-Ip-∂-Xn-\m¬- a-‰p- am-k-ß-fn¬- a\pjy-

sc- £n-]-bm-kw- h-gn-tI-Sn-em-°m≥- km-[n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se- daZm-

\n¬- A-h¿-°v- km-[n-°p-∂-X-√.- A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂p-:-

""\n-ßƒ-°v- ap-ºp-≈-h-cp-sS-ta¬- \n¿-_-‘-am-°-s∏-´-Xp-t]m-

se- \n-ß-fp-sS-ta-epw- t\m-ºv- \n¿-_-‘-am-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.- \nßƒ-

tZm-j-_m-[-sb- kq-£n-°p-hm-\-sX- A-Xv.'' -(2:-183)

]n-i-m-Np-°ƒ- _-‘-\ß-fn¬- A-I-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\m¬- q-an-bn¬-

28 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

k¬-h-N-\-ß-fpw- k¬-I¿a-ß-fpw- h¿-[n-°p-∂-p.- (A-h-sb- kzoIcn-

°m-\m-bn)- kz¿-K-hm-Xn-ep-Iƒ- Xp-d-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- \-c-I- I-hm-Sßƒ-

sIm-´n-b-S-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂-p.- \-_n- ]-d-bp-∂p:-

""d-aZm≥- am-kw- k-am-K-X-am-bm¬- kz¿-K-hm-Xn-ep-Iƒ-(12) Xpd°-

s∏-Sp-I-bpw- \-c-I- hm-Xn-ep-Iƒ- A-S-bv-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- ]n-im-Np-°ƒ-

N-ß-e-I-fn¬- X-f-bv-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.''(13)

Cu- ]-d-™-h-sb-√mw- ]-p-Wy-am-k-Øns‚- B-Zy-Øn¬- X-s∂-

k-ºq¿-W-am-bn- \-S-∏m-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.- \-_n- ]-d-bp-∂p:

""d-a-Zm≥- am-k-Øn-se- B-Zy-cm-Xn-bn¬- X-s∂- ]n-i-m-Np-°fpw-

[n-°m-cn- Pn-∂p-I-fpw X-f-bv-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- H-∂p-t]m-e-pw- Xpd°s∏-

Sm-Ø- \n-e-bn¬- \-c-I-hm-Xn-ep-Iƒ- A-S-bv-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- H-∂p- t]m-

epw- A-S-bv-°-s∏-Sm-Ø- \n-e-bn¬- kz¿-K- I-hm-S-ßƒ- Xp-d-°-s∏SpI-

bpw- sN-øp-∂-Xm-Wv.- (Iq-sS)- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- m-K-Øp-\n-∂v- (]tXy-

I- a-e-°v)- C-]-Imcw- hn-fw-_-cw- sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw-:- ""\-∑-

Imw-£n-°p-∂- hn-izm-ko,- \o- ap-t∂m-´p- K-an-°p-I-;- Xn-∑- sN-øm≥-

Xm¬-]-cy-s∏-Sp-∂-ht\,- \o- (kz-bw- \n-b-¥n-®v)-- ]n≥-hm-ßq.- daZm-

\n-s‚- Hm-tcm- cm-Xn-bn-epw- [m-cm-fw- t]-sc- A-√m-lp- \-c-I-Øn¬-

\n-∂pw- tam-Nn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.''(14)

12. apkvenans‚ Hcp \nth-Z-\-Øn¬ ""Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ Ihm-S-ßƒ Xpd-°s∏Spw''

F∂m-Wp-≈-Xv.

13. _pJm-cn(4/97), apkvenw(1079).

14. Xn¿an-Zn(682), C_v\pamPx(1642), C_v\p Jpsska(3/188) F∂n-h¿ A_qlp-

dbvd-bn¬ \n∂pw D≤-cn-®-Xv. Cu ]c-ºc lk-\m-Wv.

29\_n-bpsS t\mºv

3.- J-Zv-dn-s‚- cm-Xn-

k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-bm-b- k-tlm-Z-cm,- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\-n-s‚- Ah-

X-c-Ww-- \-S-∂- am-k-sa-∂-Xn-\m¬- ]-]-©-\m-Y-\m-b- A-√m-lp-

]p-Wy-d-a-Z-m-\n-\v- a-‰p- am-k-ß-sf-°mƒ- ti-jv-T-X- \¬-In-sb-∂-Xv-

\o- a-\- n-em-°n-bt√m.- Cu- bmYm¿-Yyw- hn-Nn-¥-\- hnt[bam°p-

tºmƒ- Xm-sg-- ]-d-bp-∂- \n-K-a-\-ß-fn¬- \-ap-s°-Øn-t®-cm-hp-∂Xm-

Wv.-

1. A-√m-l-p-hn-s‚- A-Sp-°¬- G-‰-hpw- B-Z-c-Wo-b-am-b- Zn-\w- Xo¿®-

bm-bpw- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B≥- C-d-ßn-b- am-k-Øn¬- X-s∂-bmbncn-

°pw.- A-Xn-\m¬- B- am-k-sØ- Iq-Sp-X¬ Bc-m-[-\-Iƒ-- sIm≠v-

k-Po-h-am-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- sse-e-Xp¬- J-Zv-dn-s\- ]-Xo-£n-®n-cn°m-

\pw- B- Z-n-\-sØ-- Iq-Sp-X¬- B-cm-[-\-Iƒ- sIm-≠v- k-Po-ham°m-

\p-ap-≈- ]-hm-N-I- \n¿-tZ-i-ßƒ- Cu- \n-K-a-\-sØ- i-cn-sh°p-

∂p.- C-Xp- kw-_-‘-am-b- Iq-Sp-X¬- hn-h-c-W-ßƒ- sse-e-Xp¬-

J-Zv-dn-s\-°p-dn-®p-≈- N¿-®-bn¬- h-cp-∂p-≠v.-

2. ap-kv-enw-Iƒ-°v- e-`n-°p-∂- G-sXm-cp- A-\p-K-l-Øn-\pw- \-µn-

kq-N-I-am-bn- Iq-Sp-X¬- B-c-m-[-\-Iƒ- \n¿-h-ln-°m≥- A-h¿-

_m-[y-kv-Y-cm-Wv.- "h-X-am-k'-sa-∂- A-\p-K-l-sØ-°p-dn-®v- hnh-

cn®- ti-jw- A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂p-:-

""\n-ßƒ- B- F-Æ-ß-sf- ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-°m-\pw- A-√m-lp-hns\

˛ A-h≥- \n-ß-sf- k-∑m¿-K-Øn-em-°n-b-Xn-s‚- t]-cn¬- ]-Io¿Øn-

°p-hm-\pw- \n-ßƒ- \-µn-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-Øo-cp-hm-\pw- th-≠n- (Ah≥-

h-Xw- \n¿-_-‘-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.)'' (2:-185)

l-÷m-Ip-∂- A-\p-K-l-sØ-°p-dn-®v- hn-h-cn-®-ti-jw- A-√mlp-

]-d-™- hm-°p-I-fpw- Cu- h-kv-Xp-X- hy-‡-am-°p-∂p-:-

30 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""A-ß-s\- \n-ßƒ- l-÷p-I¿-a-ßƒ- \n¿-h-ln-®p-I-gn-™m¬-

\n-ß-fp-sS- ]n-Xm-°-sf- \n-ßƒ- ]-Io¿-Øn-®n-cp-∂-Xv- t]m-se-tbm-

A-Xn-s\-°mƒ- i-‡-am-b- \n-e-bn-tem- A-√m-lp-sh- \n-ßƒ- ]Io¿-

Øn-°p-I.'' (2:-200)

3. d-a-Zm≥- h-Xw

\n¿_‘I¿aamWv

1.- kz-bw- k-∂-≤-cm-bn- h-X-a-\p-jv-Tn-°¬-

ap-ºv- \mw- hn-h-cn-®- ti-jv-T-X-I-fp-sS-sb-√mw- Im-c-W-Øm¬-

"d-a-Zm≥- h-Xw'- ap-kve-nw-Iƒ-°-v- H-gn-®p-Iq-Sm≥- ]-‰m-Ø- H-cp- _m[yX-

bm-bn- A-√m-lp- \-n-iv-N-bn-®p.- ]-t£,- i-co-c-ß-sf- A-h-bp-sS- COI-

fn¬-\n-∂-I-‰-epw- A-Xv- io-en-®- Im-cy-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v- ]n-Sn-®p-\n-dpØ-

epw- G-sd- i-a-I-c-am-b- Im-cy-a-m-b-Xn-\-m¬- t\m-ºv- \n¿-_-‘-amsW-

∂- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- ]-Jym-]-\w- h-cm≥- ln-Pv-d- c-≠mw- h¿-jwhsc-

Im-Øn-cn-t°-≠n-h-∂p.- ]-n-∂o-Sv- P-\-a-\- p-Iƒ- Xu-lo-Zn¬- Zr-VX

-]m-]n-°p-I-bpw- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- Nn-”-ß-sf- B-Z-cn-°m-\p-≈- k∂-

≤-X- A-h-cn¬- Zr-iy-a-m-hp-I-bpw- sN-bv-X-t∏mƒ- L- -ß-fm-bn- Ah¿-

°v- h-Xw- \n¿-_-‘-am-°-s∏-´p.- H-´p-an-°- kz-lm-_n-am¿-°pw- t\m-

sºm-cp- k-¶o¿-W- ]-iv-\-am-b-Xn-\m¬- B-Zy-]-Sn-sb-∂- \n-e-bn¬,

t\m-sº-Sp-°p-hm≥- t]-c-W- \-¬-In-s°m-≠p-X-s∂- AsXmgnhm-

°m-\p-≈- kzm-X-¥y-hpw- \¬-I-s∏-´p.- A-∂v- B¿-s°-¶n-epw- t\m-

sº-Sp-°p-hm≥- Xm¬]-cy-an-s√-¶n¬- "^n-Zv-b'- (]-m-b-iv-Nn-Øw)- \¬-

In-bm-epw- a-Xn-bm-b-n-cp-∂p.- A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

32 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""(sR-cp-ßn-s°m-≠v- am-Xw)- A-Xn-\v- km-[n-°p-∂-h¿- (]Icw)-

H-cp- ]m-h-s∏-´-h-∂p-≈- `-£-Ww- ]m-b-—n-Ø-am-bn- \¬-tI-≠Xm-

Wv.- F-∂m¬- B-sc-¶n-epw- kz-bw- k-∂-≤-\m-bn- Iq-Sp-X¬- \-∑-

sN-bv-Xm¬- A-X-h-\v- Kp-W-I-c-am-Ip-∂p. \n-ßƒ- Im-cyw- K-ln°p∂-

h-cm-sW-¶n¬- t\m-º-\p-jv-Tn-°p-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p- \n-ßƒ-°v- Iq-Sp-X¬-

D-Ø-aw.'' (2:184)

2.- t\m-ºv- \n¿-_-‘-am-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-

kq-d-Xp¬- _-J-d-bn-se D-]-cyp-Iv-X- kq-‡-Øn-\p- ti-j-ap-≈-

kq-‡-ßƒ- im-co-cn-I- k-p-J-ap-≈-h¿-°p- t]m-epw- ^n-Zv-b- \¬-In-

t\m-ºv- H-gn-hm-°m-sa-∂- \n-b-a-sØ- Zp¿-_-e-am-°n-s°m-≠v- A√m-

lp- Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p.- ]-ap-J- kz-lm-_n-am-cm-b- A-_v-Zp-√m-ln-_v-\p-

D-a-dpw k-e-a-Xv- C-_v-\p- A-IvhDw- hn-h-cn-°p-∂p-:

""P-\-ßƒ-°v- am¿-K-Z¿-i-\-am-bn-s°m-≠pw- t\¿-h-gn- Im- p-∂Xpw-

k-Xy-hpw- A-k-Xy-hpw- th¿-Xn-cn-®p-Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xp-am-b- kp-hy‡-

sX-fn-hp-I-fm-bn-s°m-≠pw- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B≥- A-h-Xo¿-W-am-b- amk-

am-Ip-∂p- d-a-Zm≥.- A-Xp-sIm-≠v- \n-ß-fn¬- B¿- B- am-k-Øn¬-

k-∂n-ln-X-cm-tWm- A-h¿- B- am-kw- h-X-a-\p-jv-Tn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.-

B-sc-¶n-epw- tcm-Kn-b-m-hp-I-tbm- bm-X-bn-e-m-hp-I-tbm- sN-bv-Xm¬-

]-I-cw- A-X-bpw- F-Æw- (t\m-sº-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv).- \n-ßƒ-°v-

B-izm-kw- h-cp-Øm-\m-Wv- A-√m-lp- D-t±-in-°p-∂-Xv.- \n-ßƒ-°-v-

33\_n-bpsS t\mºv

sR-cp-°w- h-cp-Øm≥- A-h-\p-t±-in-°p-∂n-√.- \n-ßƒ- F-Æw- ]q¿-

Øn-bm-°m-\pw- \n-ßƒ-°v- t\¿-h-gn- Im-Wn-®p-X-∂-Xn-s‚- t]-cn¬-

A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- a-l-Øzw- \n-ßƒ- ]-Io¿-Øn-°m-\pw- \n-ßƒ- \µn-

bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°-m-\pw- th-≠n-b-sX- C-ß-s\- I¬-]n-®n-Sp-≈-Xv''-

F-∂- kq-‡w- C-Xn-\p- sXm- p-ap-ºp-≈- kq-‡-Øn¬- ]-d-™- \nba-

sØ- -Zp¿-_-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.-(15)

Xm-_n-Cu- ]-fin-X-\m-b- C-_v-\p- A-_o-sse-e- ]-d-bp-∂p-:-

""R-ß-tfm-Sv- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n--bp-sS- A-\p-N-c-∑m¿- C-]-Im-cw-

hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®p-X-∂-p-:- d-a-Zm≥- h-Xw- \n¿-_-‘-am-sW-∂- \n-b-aw-

A-h-X-cn-®-t∏mƒ- R-ß-fn¬- ]-e¿-°pw- A-Xv- ]bmkambntØm-

∂n.- A-t∏mƒ- Zn-\w-]-Xn-H-cp- Z-cn-Z-\v- B-lm-cw- \¬-In.- t\m-ºv-

H-gn-hm-°m≥- t\m-ºn-\v- im-co-cn-I-am-bn- km-[n-°p-∂-h¿-°p-t]mepw-

A-\p-hm-Zw- \¬-I-s∏- p.- ]n-∂o-Sv- ""\n-ßƒ- t\m-º-\p-jv-Tn-°p-∂Xm-

Wv- \n-ßƒ-°v- D-Ø-aw''- F-∂- B-b-Øv- A-h-X-cn-®-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn-

Cu- \n-b-aw- Zp¿-_-e-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- im-co-cn-I-am-bn- I-gn-hp-≈- F√mh-

cpw- t\m-º-\p-jv-Tn-°m≥- I¬-]n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp-.''(16)

]n-∂o-Sn-t∂-h-sc- d-a-Zm≥- h-Xw- C-kv-em-an-s‚- H-gn-®p-Iq-Sm-\mIm-

15. C_v\p Dadns‚ lZoYv _pJm-cn(4/188)bpw, keaxbpsS lZoYv _pJmcn-

(8/181)bpw apkven(1145)apw D≤cn-®p.

16. "XAveoIzv'(k-\Zv ]d-bm-sX) Bb cq]-Øn¬ _pJm-cn(8/181 Xvlv) D-

≤-cn®p. k\-tZmSp IqsS ss_lIzn At±-l-Øns‚ kp\-\n(4/200)¬. AXn-

s‚ k\Zv kzlo-lm-Wv. as‰mcp am¿K-Øn-eqsS CtX cq]-Øn-ep≈ Hcp

\o≠ lZoYv A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(\w 507). AXns‚ k\Zv km£n-\n¬°p∂("im-

lnZp'Iƒ) a‰p lZoYpIfm¬ lk-\m-Wv. XAveoIzp-Ø-AveoIzn(3/185)ep≈-

Xp t]mse aq∂m-a-sXmcp am¿K-Øn-eqsS A_q-\psFw A¬ apkvXZvd°n¬

kzlo-lmb k\-tZmSv IqSnbpw D≤-cn-®n´p≠v.

34 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

Ø- m-K-am-bn- hn-e-bn-cp-Ø-s∏- p-t]m-∂p.- a-lm-\m-b- ]-hm-N-I≥-]-d-bp-∂p-:-

""-C-kv-e-mw- A-©p- Im-cy-ß-fn¬- kv-Ym-]n-X-am-Wv.- A-√m-lph√m-

sX- a-s‰m-cp- B-cm-[y-\p-an-s√-∂pw- ap-l-Ω-Zv- A-h-s‚- Zq-X-\msW-

∂pw- km-£yw- h-ln-°¬,- \-a-kv-Im-cw- \n-e-\n¿-Ø¬,- \n¿-_-‘-

Zm-\w- \¬-I¬,- d-a-Zm≥- h-Xw- A-\p-jv-Tn-°¬,- I-Av-_-Øn-¶¬-

sN-∂v- l-÷-v- sN-ø¬- (F-∂n-h-bm-Ip-∂p A-h.-)''(17)

17. C_v\p Da¿hn¬ \n∂pw _pJm-cn(1/47)bpw apkven(16)apw D≤cn-®p.

4. d-a-Zm≥- h-X-Øn-s‚

ti-jv-T-X-

-1.- ]m-]w- s]m-dp-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-

d-a-Zm≥- h-X-Øn-s‚- ti-jv-T-X-bpw- a-l-Ø-zhpw- hn-h-cn-®p-sIm-

≠v- t\m-º-\p-jv-Tn-°m≥- t]-c-W- \¬-Ip-∂- [-m-cm-fw- l-Zo-Yp-Iƒ-

\-ap-°v- Im-Wm-\-m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\m-b- hn-izm-kn-°v- kap-

Z- \p-c-tbm-fw- h-cp-∂- ]m-]-ß-fp-s≠-¶n-epw- hn-ip-≤-hpw- A-\pKrlo-

X-hp-am-b- Cu- B-cm-[-\-bp-sS- t]cn¬- A-h- s]mdp°s∏Sp∂Xm-

Wv.-

A-_q-lp-d-bv-d-- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp-∂p.- \-_n- ]-d-™p-:-

""]-Xn- -ew- ]-Xo-£n-®q-sIm-≠pw- \n¿-_-‘-am-sW-∂- hnizm-

k-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpw- H-cmƒ- d-aZm≥- h-X-a-\p-jv-Tn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬-

A-bmfp-sS- ap≥-I-gn-™- ]m-]-ßƒ- s]m-dp-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.''(18)

18. _pJm-cn(4/99), apkvenw(759). "hnizm-k-tØm-sSbpw ]Xn- -te-—-tbmsSbpw'

AXm-b-Xv, t\mºv \n¿_-‘-am-sW-∂p-≈Xv kXy-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠pw, AX-

\p-jvTn-°pI hgn e`n-°p∂ ]Xn- ew BK-ln-®p-sIm-≠pw, AXp-ap-tJ\

kzbw ]cn-ip-≤-am-bn-s°m-≠pw, t\mº\pjvTn-°p-∂Xnt\mSv bmsXmcp \ne-

°p-ap≈ shdp∏pw sh°m-sXbpw, AXv \ne-\n¿Øp-∂Xv `mc-ap-≈-Xmbn

Icp-Xm-sX-bpw.

36 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

A-_q-lp-d-bv-d- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp-∂p.- \-_n - ]-d-™p-:

""A-©p- \-a-kv-Im-c-ß-fpw- H-cp- Pp-ap-Ax- ap-X¬- A-Sp-Ø- Ppap-

Ax- h-sc-bpw- H-c-p- d-a-Zm≥- ap-X¬- A-Sp-Ø- d-a-Zm≥- h-sc-bpw- Ahbv-

°n-S-bn-ep-≠m-Ip-∂- ]m-]-ß-sf- s]m-dp-∏n-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv-;- a-lm-]m]-

ßƒ- h¿-Pn-°-s∏-´m¬.''-(19)

A-_q-lp-d-bv-d- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp-∂p:

H-cn-°¬- \-_n an-º-dn¬- (]-kw-K-Øn-\m-bn)- I-b-dn-s°m≠n-

cp-∂-t∏mƒ- "B-ao≥,- B-ao≥,- B-ao≥'- F-∂p- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv-- tIƒ°m-

\n-S-bm-bn.- A-hn-Sp-∂v- tNm-Zn-°-s∏- p-:- "]-hm-N-I-tc,- C-∂v- an-ºdn¬-

I-bdn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ- "B-ao≥,- B-ao≥,- B-ao≥'- F-∂v- ]d™p-

h-t√m'-.- A-t∏mƒ- A-hn-Sp-∂v- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®p-:- "Rm≥- an-º-dn¬- Ibdn-

s°m-≠n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ- Pn-_v-co¬- F-s‚ -A-Sp-°¬- h-∂p,- F∂n v-

d-a-Zm≥- I-c-K-X-am-bn- pw- ]m-]w- s]m-dp-°-s∏-Sm-sX- H-cmƒ- \cIØn-

¬- ]-th-in-t°-≠- K-Xn-h-∂m¬- A-h≥- A-√m-lp-h-s‚- A-\pKl-

Øn¬- \n-∂pw- hn-Zq-c-am-I-s´- F-∂p- ]m¿-Yn-®p.- ]n-∂o-Sv- F-t∂mSv-

B-ao≥- F-∂v- ]-d-bm≥- ]-d-™p.- Rm≥- B-ao≥- ]-d-™p.''(20)

19. apkvenw(233).

20. C_v\p Jpsska(3/192), AlvaZv(2/246, 254), ss_l-Izn(4/204) F∂n-h¿

hnhn[ ]c-º-cIfn-eqsS A_q-lp-dbv-dbn¬ \n∂v D≤-cn®Xv. CXv kzlo-

lmb lZoYm-Wv. CXns‚ aqew kzlolp apkven-an(4/1978)¬ D≠v. C∆njb-

I-ambn H∂n-e-[nIw kzlm-_n-am-cn¬ \n∂pw \nth-Z-\-ß-fp≠v. AXn\v C-

_v\p imlo-\ns‚ Zm-Cep ilvcn da-Zm≥ (]pd-ßƒ 25-˛34) F∂ IrXn

ImWp-I.

37\_n-bpsS t\mºv

2.- \-c-I-hn-ap-‡n-bpw- ]-m¿-Y-\-°v- D-Ø-c-hpw-

\-_n ]-d-™p-:-

""d-a-Zm-\n-se- H-tcm- Zn-\-cm-X-ß-fn-epw- A-√m-lp- Ip-sd- t]-sc-

\-c-I-Øn¬-\n-∂v- tam-Nn-∏-n°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- Hm-tcm- ap-kv-en-an-\pw- daZm-

\n¬- D-Ø-cw- D-d-∏m-bpw- e-`n-°-s∏-Sp-∂- H-cp- ]m¿-Y-\-bp-≠v.''(21)

3.- c-‡-km-£n-I-tfm-Spw- k-Xy-k-‘-∑m-tcm-Sp-sam-∏w-

Aw-dp-_v-\p¬- ap¿-d-Xp¬- Pp-l-\n-- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

H-cmƒ- \-_nsb- k-ao-]n-®v- C-]-Im-cw- ]-d-™p-:- ]-hm-NItc,-

A-√m-lp-h-√m-sX- a-s‰m-cm-cm-[y-\n-s√-∂p-w- Xm-¶ƒ- A-√m-lp-hns‚-

Zq-X-\m-sW-∂pw- Rm≥- km-£yw- h-ln-°-p-I-bp-w- A-©p-t\-csØ-

\-a-kv-Im-cw- \n¿-h-ln-°p-I-bpw- k-Im-Ø-v- sIm-Sp-Øp-ho- pI-bpw d-

aZm-\n¬- ]-I¬- t\m-sº-Sp-°p-I-bpw- cm-Xn- \-a-kv-Im-c-Øn-em-bn-

\n-∂p-I-gn-bp-I-bpw- sN-bv-X-m¬- Rm≥- B-tcm-sSm-∏-am-bn-cn-°p-w?''.-

\-_n- ]-d-™p-:- ""c-‡-km-£n-I-tfm-Spw- kXy-k-‘-∑m-tcm-Sp-sam∏-

am-bn-cn-°pw.''(22)

21. _ m¿(3142), Alva-Zv(2/254) F∂n-h¿ A¬ AAvains‚ am¿Øn-eq-sS,

At±lw A_q kzmen-ln¬ \n∂pw, At±lw Pm_n¿¬ \n∂pw D≤cn®-

Xv. as‰mcp am¿K-Øn-eqsS At±-l-Øn¬ \n∂v Xs∂- kw£n-]vX-amb cq-

]-Øn¬ C_v\p amPx(1643)bpw D≤-cn®p. AXv kz-lo-lmWv. XpS¿∂v hcp∂-

Xv t]mse t\mºp Xpd-°p∂ kµ¿`-Øn-ep≈ ]m¿Y-\-bmWv DØcw

e`n°p∂ ]m¿Y\. A¬ _qkzocnbpsS ankzv_mlp pPmPx o khmC-

Zn_v\n amPx(\wº¿: 604) ImWpI.

22. C_v\p ln∫m≥(\wº¿: 19˛khm-CZv)- D-≤cn®Xv. CXv kzlo-lm-Wv.

5. a\x]q¿hw t\mºpt]£n°p∂h¿°v-

ap∂dnbn∏v-

A-_q-D-am-a-Xp¬- _m-ln-en- \n-th-Z-\w-:- \-_n- ]-d-™p-:

H-cn-°-Øn¬- Rm≥- D-d-°-Øn-em-bn-cn-s°- (kz-]v-\-Øn¬)- c-

≠mfp-Iƒ- h-∂v- F-s∂- tXm-fn¬-]n-Sn-s®-gp-t∂¬-]n-®p.- F-∂n-´v-

N-fn-\n-d-™-Xpw- Zp¿-L-S-hp-a-m-b- H-cp- ]¿-h-X-Øn-\p- k-ao-]-tØ°v-

F-s∂- sIm-≠p-t]m-bn.- F-∂-n-´v- F-t∂m-Sv- A-Xn¬- I-b-dm≥- ]d-

™p-.- Rm≥- ]-d-™p-:- "F-\n-°v- I-b-dm≥- km-[n-°-p-I-bn-√.'- Ah¿-

]-d-™p-:- "Xm-¶ƒ-°v- I-b-dm≥- R-ßƒ- ku-I-cyw- sN-bv-Xp-X-cmw.'-

A-ß-s\- Rm-\-Xn¬- I-b-dn- A-Xn-s‚- s\-dp-I-bn-se-Ø-n-b-t∏mƒ-

tLm-c-i-_-v-Z-ßƒ- tIƒ-°m≥- Xp-S-ßn.- Rm≥- tNm-Zn-®p-:- "C-sX¥v-

i-_v-Z-ß-fm-Wv?'- A-h¿- ]-d-™p-:- "C-Xv- \-c-I-hm-kn-I-fp-sS- \nehn-

fn-I-fm-Wv'-.- ]n-s∂-bpw- A-h-sc-s∂- ap-t∂-m-´p-sIm-≠p-t]m-bn.- A-

39\_n-bpsS t\mºv

t∏mƒ- Ip-Xn-R-c-ºp-I-fn¬- N-ß-e- _-‘n-X-cm-b- Nn-b-em-fp-I-fpsS-

ap-ºn-se-Øn.- A-h-cp-sS- Np-≠p-Iƒ- ap-dn°-s∏-´v- A-Xn¬-\n-∂pw- c-

‡w- [m-c-[m-c-bm-bn- H-gp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.- Rm≥- tNm-Zn-®p-:-

"Cu- Iq- ¿- B-cm-Wv?' A-h¿- ]-d-™p-:- "C-h-cm-Wv- t\m-ºv- ap-dn°m≥-

\n-iv-N-bn-°-s∏-´- k-a-b-Øn-\p-ap-tº- t\m-ºv- ap-dn-®-h¿.'(23)

F-∂m¬- \-_n ]-d-™-Xm-bn- dn-t∏m¿-´v- sN-ø-s∏-Sp-∂;-

""B-sc-¶n-epw- d-a-Zm-\n¬- a-\x-]q¿-hw- H-cp- t\m-sºmgnhm°nbm-

¬- h¿-jw- ap-gp-h≥- t\ms-º-Sp-Øm-epw- A-Xn-\v- ]m-b-—n-Øambn-

a-Xn-bm-Ip-∂-X-√.- H-cp-]-t£,- A-h≥- t\m-sº-Sp-Øm¬- X-s∂''-

F∂ -l-ZoYv- Zp¿-_-e-hpw- A-kzo-Im-cy-hp-am-Ip-∂p.- C-Xp- k-w-_‘-

am-b- Iq-Sp-X- hn-i-Zmw-i-ßƒ- ]n-∂o-Sv- h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv.

23. Xplv -Xp¬ Aivdm^n(4/166)ep≈Xp t]mse kp\-\p¬ Ip_vdmbn¬ \-

kmCbpw, C_v\p ln∫m(\wº¿: 1800˛khm-CZv)\pw, lm°n(1/430)apw hnhn-

[ ]c-ºcI-fn-eqsS A_vZp¿dlvam\n_v\p bko-Zn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw C-

_v\p Pm_n-cn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw keo-ap_v\p Ban-dn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw

At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂pw D≤-cn-®Xv. CXns‚ ]c-ºc kzlo-lmWv.

6. t\m-ºn-s‚-

hn-[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ-

a-l-Øm-b- Cu- B-cm-[-\-sb-bpw- A-\p-Kr-lo-X-am-b- Cu- amk-

sØ-bpw- kw-_-‘n-°p-∂- \n-b-a-ß-fn¬- A-¥n-a-Zq-X-\m-b- ap-lΩ-

Zv- kzo-I-cn-®- N-cy-I-fpw- Im-Wn-®p-X-∂- cq-]-ß-fpw-- ]n≥-]-‰n- t\msº-

Sp-°p-∂-h¿-°v- am-X-sa- \-tS- ]-Xn-]m-Zn-®- hym-]-I- \-∑-I-fpw- hnim-

e-]-Xn-^-e-ß-fpw- t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥- km-[n-°pI-bp-≈q.-

X¬-kw-_-‘-am-b- hn-i-Zo-I-c-W-ß-fn¬- a-Zv-l-_o- ]-£-]mXn-

Øw- am-‰-n- \n-dp-Øn,- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬- \n-∂pw- kz-lo-lpw- l-

k\p-am-b- l-Zo-Yp-I-fn¬- \n-∂pw- A-h-bv-°v- ap≥-Km-an-I-fm-b- \m-ev-

C-am-ap-I-fpw- A-h¿-°p- ap-sº- I-gn-™p-t]m-b- Xm-_n-D-I-fpw- kzlm-

_m-°-fpw- \¬-Inb- hn-i-Zo-I-c-W-ß-fn¬- \n-∂pw- kzX-¥-am-bn-

sX-fn-h-t\z-jn-°p-∂- co-Xn-bm-Wv- Cu- K-Ÿ-Øn¬- \mw- A-h-ew_n-

°p∂-Xv.- I¿-a-im-kv-X- kw-_-‘n-b-m-b- A-h-cp-sS- ho-£-W-ßfn¬-

G-‰hpw- D-Ø-a-am-b-Xpw- K-th-j-Wm-fl-I- A- n-]m-b-ß-fn¬- G‰hpw-

\o-Xn-bp-‡-am-b-Xpw- am-Xw- Dƒ-s°m-≈n-°m≥- ]-c-am-h-[n- i-an®n´p-

≠v.-

7. d-a-Zm≥- h-cpw-ap-ºv

1. i-Av-_m≥- am-kw- Xn- -s∏-Sp-Ø¬-

Nm-µ- am-k-ßƒ- C-cp-]-Øm-º-Xpw- ap-∏-Xpw- B-bn- h-cm-sa∂Xn-

\m¬- i-Av-_m≥- am-k-Øn-se- Zn-\-ßƒ- Xn-´-s∏-Sp-Øn- d-a-Zm≥-

am-k-sØ- kzo-I-cn-°m-\p-≈- X-bm-sd-Sp-∏v- \-S-tØ-≠-Xv- ap-kv-enw-

k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚- _m-[y-X-bm-Ip-∂p.- A-ß-s\- \n-co-£-W-Øn¬-

d-aZm≥- am-k-∏n-d-hn- Zr-iy-am-bm¬- h-X-am-cw- n-°p-I-bpw- ta-L-tam-

a-t‰m- Im-c-W-am-bn- am-k-∏n-d-hn- Zr-iy-am-Im-Xn-cp-∂m¬- B- Zn-hkw-

Iq-Sn- i-Av-_m\n¬- tN¿-Øv- F-Æn- ap-∏-Xv- ]q¿-Øn-bm-t°-≠-Xpam-

Wv.- Im-c-Ww- ap≥-am-Xr-I-bn-√m-sX- hm-\- q-an-I-sf- kr-jv-Sn-®-\mY≥

"am-k-∏n-d-hn'-I-sf- kr-jv-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv- X-s∂- P-\-ßƒ-°v- h¿j-

ß-fp-sS- F-Æ-hpw- I-W-°pw- a-\- n-em-°m≥- th-≠n-bm-Ip-∂p.-

A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂p-:-

""kq-cy-s\- H-cp- ]-Im-i-am-°n-b-Xv- A-h-\m-Ip-∂p.- N-µ-s\- Ah-

s\m-cp- tim- -bm-°p-I-bpw- \n-ßƒ sIm-√-ß-fp-sS- F-Æ-hpw- IW-

42 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

°pw- A-d-n-bp-∂-Xn-\p- th-≠n- A-Xn-\v- L -ßƒ- \n¿-W-bn-°pIbpw-

sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p. bYm¿Y apd]Imca√msX A√mlp AsXm-

∂pw krjvSn®n´n√. a\ nem°p∂ BfpIƒ°p th≠n A√m-

lp sXfnhpIƒ hniZoIcn°p∂p.''- (10:-5)

A-_q-lp-d-bv-d- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp-∂p.- \-_n ]-d-™p-:

""(\n-ßƒ)- am-k-∏n-d-hn- I-≠-Xp- ap-X¬- t\m-sº-Sp-°p-I-bpw-

A-Xv- I-≠-Xp- ap-X¬- t\m-ºv- A-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-I.- am-

kw- \n-ßƒ-°v- A-hy-‡-am-bm¬- i-Av-_m-s‚- F-Æw- ap-∏-Xv- ]q¿-

Øn-bm-°p-I.''(24)

A-_v-Zp-√ml-n-_v-\p- D-a¿-- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp-∂p.- \-_n- ]d-

™p-:

""d-a-Zm-≥- am-k-∏n-d-hn- Im-Wp-∂-Xp-h-sc- t\m-ºp- Xp-S-ßp-I-tbm,-

(i-∆m¬- ]n-d-hn)- Im-Wp-∂-Xp-h-sc- t\m-ºv- A-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-Itbm-

sN-ø-cp-Xv.- am-k-∏n-d-hn- \n-ßƒ-°v- a-d-bv-°-s∏- m¬- A-Xn-s\- \nßƒ-

I-W-°p-Iq- n-s°m-≈p-I.''(25)

A-Zn-øn-_v-\p- lm-Xnw- \n-th-Z-\w-:- \-_n ]-d-™p-:

""d-a-Zm≥- B-K-X-am-bm¬- ap-∏-Xp-\mƒ- \n-ßƒ- t\mº\pjvTn-

°p-I;- A-Xn-\p-ap-º-v- i-∆m¬-]n-d- I-≠m-sem-gn-sI.''(26)

24. _pJm-cn(4/106), apkvenw(1081).

25. _pJm-cn(4/102), apkvenw(1080).

26. apivInep¬ BYmdn(\wº¿: 501)¬ Xzlm-hn, AlvaZv(4/377), apAvPap¬

I_o-dn(17/171)¬ Xz_vdm\n. CXns‚ k\-Zn¬ apPm-en-Zp_v\p kCuZv F∂

Hcm-fp-≠v. aPva-D- -hm-C-Zn(3/146)¬ sslYan ]d-™-Xp-t]mse Abmƒ Zp¿-

_-e-\mWv. F∂m¬ Cu lZo-Yn\v km£n \n¬°p∂ [mcmfw lZoYpIfp-

≠v. Rß-fpsS Kpcp ssiJv A¬_m-\n- bpsS C¿hm-D¬ Keo-en(901)¬

ImWp-I.

43\_n-bpsS t\mºv

2. kw-i-b- Zn-\-Øn¬- t\m-sº-Sp-Ø-h≥- ]-hm-N-I-s\- [n°-

cn-®-h-\m-Wv-

t\-c-sØ- hn-h-c-n-°-s∏-´- l-Zo-Yp-I-fp-sS- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-Øn¬-

kq-£v-a-X-bp-sS- \ym-bw- ]-d-™v- d-a-Zm-\n-s‚- H-t∂m- c-t≠m- Znhkw-

ap-tº- t\m-sº-Sp-Øp- Xp-S-ß-p-∂-Xv- k-Xy-hn-iz-m-kn-°v- q-j-W-a√.-

A-_q-lp-d-bv-d- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp-∂p.- \-_n - ]-d-™p-:

""H-t∂m- c-t≠m- Zn-h-kw- ap≥-Iq- n- t\m-sº-Sp-Øv- \n-ßƒ- daZm-

≥- t\-c-sØ- Xp-S-ß-cp-Xv.- B- Zn-h-k-ß-fn¬- (a-s‰-s¥-¶n-epw- ImcW-

Øm¬)- t\m-sº-Sp-°p-∂- ]-Xn-hp-≈- hy‡n-sbm-gn-sI.- A-bmƒ°v-

B- Zn-h-k-Øn-epw- t\m-sº-Sp-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.''-(27)

_m-kzn-eXn-_v-\p- kp-^¿- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

""d-a-Zm-\m-tWm- F-∂v- kw-i-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂- Zn-h-kw- t\msºSp-

°p-∂-h≥- A-_p¬-J-m-knw--sb- [n-°-cn-®-h-\mIp-∂p.''(28)

3. km-£n- H-t∂m- c-t≠m?-

am-k-∏n-d-hn- Z¿-i-\w- \o-Xn-am-∑m-cm-b- c-≠v- ap-kv-enw-Iƒ- km-

27. apkvenw(573˛ap-JvX-kn¿).

28. _pJm-cn(4/119) XAveoIzmb -cq-]-Øn¬, A_q-Zm-hqZv(3334), Xn¿an-Zn(686),

C_v\p amPx(3334), \km-C(2188) F∂n-h¿ k\-tZm-Sp-IqsS Xs∂, Awdp_v-

\p ssIzkv A¬ aem-C-bn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw A_qCkvlm-Izn¬ \n∂pw,

At±lw kzne-Xp_v\p kp^-dn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw AΩm-dn¬ \n∂pw D-

≈ ]c-º-cbn-eq-sS D≤cn®p. CXns‚ k\-Zn¬ A_q-CkvlmIzv At±lw

A- _oCu BWv F∂ Hcp hy‡n-bp≠v. At±lw apZ-√nkmWv. At±-

lw "A≥A\'(k\-Zn¬ A≥ F∂v tN¿Øp-]-d-bpI) sNbvXp! ]s£

Cu lZo-Yn\v [mcmfw am¿K-ßfpw km£n \n¬°p∂ lZo-Yp-Ifpw D≠v.

AØ-Aveo°zp hØ-AveoIzn(3/141-˛142)¬ lm^nfv C_v\p lP¿ Ah

FSpØp≤cn®n´p-≠v. Ah-sIm≠v Cu lZoYv "lk≥' Bhpw.

44 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

£yw- ]-d-bp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v- kv-Yn-c-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.- \-_n-- hn-i-ZoIcn-

°p-∂p-:-

""am-k-∏n-d-hn- I-≠-Xp- ap-X¬- \n-ßƒ- t\m-sº-Sp-°p-I-bpw- amk-

∏n-d-hn- I-≠-Xp- ap-X¬- \n-ßƒ- t\m-º-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sNøpI.-

am-k-∏n-d-hn-bp-sS- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-Øn¬- X-s∂- l-÷n-s‚- I¿-a-ßƒ-

B-cw- n-°p-I.- C-\n- ta-Lw-aq-ew- am-k-∏n-d-hn- a-d-bv-°-s∏- m¬- ap∏Xp-

\mƒ- \n-ßƒ-- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°p-I.- F-∂m¬- c-≠p- km£n-Iƒ- amk∏n-

d-hn- Z¿-in-®p- F-∂v- km-£n-sam-gn- \-¬-In-bm¬ \n-ßƒ- t\m-sºSp-

Øp- Xp-S-ßp-I-bpw- t\m-º-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-I.''(29)

H-cp- hn-j-b-Øn¬- c-≠m-fp-I-fp-sS- km-£yw- kzo-I-cn-°-s∏Spsa-

∂v- ]-d-™-Xp-sIm-≠v- am-Xw- B- hn-j-b-Øn¬- H-cm-fp-sS- km£yam-

sW-¶n¬- kzo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√- F-∂v- A¿-Y-am-t°-≠-Xn-√.- AXn-

\m¬- am-k-∏n-d-hn- Z¿-in-®p- F-∂v- H-cmƒ- km-£n-sam-gn- \¬Inbm-

epw- kzo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.- Im-c-Ww- C-_v-\p- D-adn¬ \n-∂v-

C-]-Im-cw- dn-t∏m¿-´v- sN-ø-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p-: A-t±-lw- ]-d-™p-:

""B-fp-Iƒ- am-k-∏n-d-hn- Im-Wm≥- t\m-°n- \n¬-°p-I-bp-≠mbn.-

A-ß-s\- Rm≥- (am-Xw-)- A-Xv Z¿-in-®p-sh-∂v- Xn-cp-ta-\n-sb- [cn∏n-

®p.- A-Xn-s\ Xp-S¿-∂v- A-hn-Sp-∂v- t\m-º-\p-jv-Tn-°p-I-bpw- P-\ßtfm-

Sv- t\m-º-\p-jv-Tn-°m≥- I¬-]-n-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.''(30)

29. \kmC(4/132), Alva-Zv(4/321), Zmd-IzpXzv\n(2/167) F∂n-h¿ D≤-cn-®-Xv. AXn-

s‚ k\Zv lk\mWv. Cu e vfv \km-C-bp-tS-Xm-Wv. ""apkvenwIfmb c≠v''

F∂v AlvaZpw ""\oXn-am∑m-cmb c≠v'' F∂v Zmd-IzpXzv\nbpw \nthZ-\w

sNbvXp.

30. A_q-Zm-hqZv(2342), Zmcn-an(2/4), C_v\p ln∫m≥(871), lmInw(1/423), ss_l-

Izn(4/212) F∂n-h¿ C_v\p Da-¿¬ \n∂pw D≤-cn-®Xv. AØ¬Jo-kp¬

l_odn-(2/187)¬ lm^nfv C_v\p lP¿ ]d-™-Xp-t]mse CXns‚ k\Zv

kzlolm-Wv.

8. \n-ø-Øv

1. ]- m-tXm-Z-b-Ø-n-\p- ap-ºp- X-s∂- \n-ø-Ø-v-sN-ø¬- \n¿_-

‘w-

t\-X-Z¿-i-\w- sIm-t≠m,- km-£n-sam-gn-sIm-t≠m- A-s√-¶n¬

am-kw- ap-∏-Xv- ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-®-Xp-sImt≠m- d-a-Zm≥- am-kw- Xp-S-ßn-

F-∂v- kv-Yn-c-s∏-´m¬- t\m-sº-Sp-°m-\p-≈- \n-ø-Øv- cm-Xn- X-s∂-

sN-ø¬- \n¿-_-‘-am-Wv.- \-_n- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

""]- m-tXm-Z-b-Øn-\p- ap-ºp- X-s∂- t\m-sº-Sp-°m≥- Xo-cp-am\sa-

Sp-Øn-s√-¶n¬- A-h-\v- t\m-ºp-X-s∂- e-`n-°p-∂-X-√.-''(31)

H-cp- l-Zo-Yn¬- C-ß-s\- Im-Wmw-:-

31. A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(2454), C_v\p Jpssk-a(1933), ss_lIzn(4/202) F∂nh¿ C-

_v\p hl-_n¬ \n∂pw, At±lw C_v\p epsslAx, blvb_v\p Aøq_v

F∂n-h-cn¬ \n∂pw, Ah¿ A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p A_o-_-°¿ _v\nlkvan¬

\n∂pw, At±lw C_v\p inlm-_n¬ \n∂pw, At±lw kmen-an_v\p A-

_vZn-√-bn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw

l vkx bn¬ \n∂pw D≈ ]c-º-cbn-eqsS D≤-cn-®-Xv. idlv aB-\n-b¬

BYm-dn(1/45)¬ Xzlmhn CtX am¿K-Øn-eqsS Xs∂ D≤-cn-®- as‰mcp e vfn-

¬ ""cmXn Xs∂'' F∂p≠v. as‰mcp ]c-º-cbn-eqsS blvbbn¬ \n∂v X-

s∂ \km-C(4/196), Xn¿an-Zn(730). AXns‚ ]c-ºc kzlo-lm-Wv.

46 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""t\m-sº-Sp-°m≥- cm-Xn-bn¬- X-s∂- \n-ø-Øp- sN-ø-m-Ø-h¿°v-

t\m-ºv- -e-`n-°p-∂-tX-b-√.''(32)

\n-ø-Øn-s‚- kv-Ym-\w- lr-Z-b-am-sW-∂n-cn-s°- A-Xv- \m-hpsIm-

≠p- sN-m-√p-∂-Xp- Iq-Sn- "]p-Wy'-I-c-am-sW-∂v- B-scm-s°- hmZn®m-

epw- A-Xv- h-gn-sI-´- Zp-cm-Nm-cw- X-s∂-bm-Ip-∂p.- \n-ø-Øv- cm-Xn- X-

s∂- \n¿-h-ln-°-s∏-S-W-sa-∂-Xv- \n¿-_-‘- t\m-ºn-\p- am-X-w- _m[-

I-am-b- \n-b-a-am-b-Xn-\m¬- kp-∂-Øp- t\m-ºp-Iƒ-°-v- ]-I¬- kab-

Øv- \n-ø-Øv- sN-bv-Xm-epw- a-X-n-bm-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.-

B-C-i - ]-d-™p-: H-cp- Zn-h-kw- \-_n F-s‚- A-Sp-°¬- h-

∂v- tNmZn®p-:

""\n-ß-fp-sS- A-Sp-°¬- (I-gn-°m≥)- h-√-Xp-ap-t≠m-? C√msb¶n-

¬- Rm≥- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\m-Wv.''-(33)

C-Xn-\p- k-am-\-am-b- kw- -h-ßƒ- lp-ssZ- ,- C-_v-\p- A∫m-

kv,- A-_q-lp-d-bv-d,- A-_q-Xz¬-l-,- A-_p-±¿-Zm-Av- Xp-Sßnb-

kz-l-m-_n-h-cy-∑-m-c-n¬- \n-∂pw- dn-t∏m¿- v- sN-ø-s∏- n- p-≠v.-(34) A√m-

lp- A-h-cn¬- Xr-]v-X-\m-hp-I-bpw- A-h-tcm-sSm-∏w- \-_n--bp-sS-

]-Xm-I-°p- I-o-gn¬- \-sΩ- H-cp-an-®p-Iq-´pIbpw- sN-øp-am-dm-I-s´.-

Cu- kw- -h-ß-sf-√mw- kp-∂-Øp- t\m-ºp-I-fp-sS- k-a-b-ØmWv-

kw- -hn-®n- p-≈-Xv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠v- "\n-ø-Øv- cm-Xn-bn¬- X-s∂- sNø-

¬- \n¿-_-‘-am-sW-∂'- I¬-]-\- kp-∂-Øp- t\m-ºp-I-sf-°p-dn®√;-

\-n-¿-_-‘- t\m-ºp-I-sf-°p-dn-®p- am-X-am-sW-∂v- kp-X-cmw- hy-‡am-

Wv.-

32. \kmC(4/196), ss_lIzn(4/202), C_v\p lkvav(6/162) F∂n-h¿ A_vZp¿d-

km-Izn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw C_v\p Ppssd-Pn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw C_v\p

inlm-_n¬ \n∂pw D≈ am¿K-Øn-eqsS D≤-cn-®Xv. C_v\p Ppssd-Pns‚

"A≥A\' C√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ CXns‚ k\Zv kzlolm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.

]s£ apºp≈ lZo-Yns‚ km£yw ImcWw Cu lZoYv kzlo-lm-Wv.

33. apkvenw(1154).

34. ]kvXpX dnt∏m-¿´p-Ifpw Ah-bpsS "XJvcoPpw' XAveoIzpØAveoIzn(3/

144˛147)¬ ImWpI.

47\_n-bpsS t\mºv

2.- A¬JpZvdXp- a\mXzpØIveo v (DØchmZnØw Ignhp-

ambn _‘-s∏- ncn°p∂p)

d-a-Zm-≥- Xp-S-ßn-sb-∂-dn-bm-sX- Xn-∂p-I-tbm- Ip-Sn-°p-I-tbm-

sN-bv-X- t-i-j-am-Wv d-a-Zm≥- kv-Yn-c-s∏-s -∂- hn-h-cw- H-cmƒ- Adn™-

sX-¶n¬- A-Xv- ap-X¬- A-bmƒ- A-∂-]m-\o-b-ßƒ- sh-Sn-bp-I-bpw-

t\m-ºv- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°p-I-bpw- sN-tø-≠-Xm-Wv.- A-h-s‚- A-∂-sØ-

t\m-ºn-\v- C-Xv- a-Xn-bm-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.- B-sc-¶n-epw- A-Xp-h-sc- H∂pw-

I-gn-®n- n-s√-¶n¬- A-dn-™- ti-jw- H-∂pw- I-gn-°-cp-sX-∂v- ]-dtb≠-

Xn-√-t√m.- C-Ø-c-°m-cp-sS- Im-cy-Øn¬- \n-ø-Øv- cm-Xn-bn¬- Xs∂-

\n¿h-ln-°-W-sa-∂-Xv- H-cp- \n-_-‘-\-b-√.- Im-c-Ww- A-Xn-\-h¿°v-

km-[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√-t√m.- H-cp- Im-cyw- \n¿-_-‘-am-bn-Øo-cm≥,-

A-Xv- \n¿-h-ln-°m-\p-≈- I-gn-hpw- km-l-N-cy-hpw- D-≠m-bn-cn-°Wsa-

∂-Xv- C-kv-em-an-I- i-co-A-Øn-s‚- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\- X-Øz-ß-fn¬- H∂m-

Wv.-

B-C-i- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

""B-ipdm- t\m-ºv- t\m¬-°m≥- \-_n-- I¬]n°mdp≠mbncp-

∂p.- F-∂m¬- d-a-Zm≥- t\m-ºv- \n¿-_-‘-am-°-s∏- Xp- a-p-X¬- Xm¬]-

cy-ap-≈-h¿-°-v- t\m-sºSp-°m-sa-∂pw- A-√m-Ø-h¿-°v- H-gn-hm-°msa-

∂p-am-bn-Øo¿-∂p.''(35)

k-e-a-Xv- C-_v-\p¬- A-Izv-h-Av-- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

""H-cp- Zn-h-kw- \-_n l-hm-kn≥- tKm-XØn¬- s]-´- H-cmtfm-

Sv- P-\-ßƒ-°n-S-bn¬- C-]-Im-cw- hn-fw-_-cw- sN-øm≥- \n¿-tZ-in®p:-

35. _pJm-cn(4/212), apkvenw(1125).

48 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

"(P-\-ß-tf) B-sc-¶n-epw- -£-Ww- I-gn-®p-t]m-bn- p-s≠-¶n¬- _m-

°n- t\-cw- A-h≥- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\m-bn- I-gn-b-s´.- C-\n- C-Xp-h-sc- `-

£-Ww- I-gn-®n-´n-s√-¶n¬- A-h≥- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\m-bn-Ø-s∂- XpSc-

s´.- Im-c-Ww- C-∂v- B-iq-dm (ap-l¿-dw ]-Øv)- Zn-\-am-Ip-∂p.''(36)

]n-∂o-Sv- Zp¿-_-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-s´-¶n-epw- B-iq-dm- t\m-ºv- \n-¿-

_-‘-am-bn-cp-∂- Im-e-Øm-Wv- Cu- I¬-]-\-bp-≠-m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.- A∂-

h-tcm-Sv- ]-I-en-s‚- _m-°n- t\-cw- A-∂-]m-\o-b-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v- AI-

∂p- \n-∂m¬- X-s∂- --B- Zn-h-k-sØ- t\m-ºn-\v- A-Xv- aXnbmIpsa-

∂m-Wv- A-dn-bn-®-Xv.- d-a-Zm-≥- t\m-ºp-w- a-s‰m-cp- \n¿-_-‘- t\mºmb-

Xn-\m¬- ¿-Zp-am-bn- _-‘-s∏- - t\-c-sØ- ]-d-™- \n-b-aw- am‰an√m-

sX- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p.-

3.- J-Zm-ho- -W-tam?-

Nn-e- ]-fin-X-∑mcp-sS- ]-£w- t\m-sº-Sp-°m-\p-≈- \n-ø-Øv-

cm-Xn-X-s∂- sN-øm≥- km-[n-°m-Ø-h¿- a-s‰m-cp- Zn-h-kw- "J-Zm-

ho-´-W'-sa-∂m-Wv.- Im-c-Ww-,- t\-c-sØ- ]-Xn-]m-Zn-®- l-Zo-Yn¬- ]d-

™- "B-iq-dm'- t\m-ºv- kp-∂-Øv- am-X-am-bn-cp-∂p.- A-sXm-cn-°epw-

^¿-Zm-b-n-cp-∂n-√-.- A-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv- \n-ø-Øv- ]-I¬- sN-bv-Xm-epw-

a-Xn-sb-∂v- A-htcm-Sv- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°-s∏-´-Xv.-

F-∂m¬- sX-fn-hp-I-sf-√mw- hn-c¬-Nq-≠p-∂-Xv- B-iq-dm- t\mºv-

^¿-Zm-bn-cp-∂p- F-∂p- X-s∂-bm-Wv.- H-∂m-a-Xm-bn,- t\-c-sØ- D≤cn-

°-s∏- ,- BC-i -bp-sS- l-Zo-Yn-ep-≈-Xp- t]m-se- t\m-sº-Sp-°m\p-

≈- hy-‡-am-b- I¬-]-\- X-s∂- h-∂n-cn-°-p-∂p.-(37) c-≠m-a-Xm-bn,-

B- I¬-]-\-°v- _-e-ta-Ipw-hn-[Øn¬- A-Xv- s]m-Xp-th-Zn-bn¬- hnfw-

_-cw- sN-øm≥- \n¿-tZ-in-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.- am-X-a-√- t\-c-sØ- ]-

cma¿-in-®- k-e-a--s‚- l-Zo-Yn-epw(38)- Xm-sg-- h-cp-∂,-- ap-l-Ω-Zv-_v\p-

sskz- n--s‚- l-Zo-Yn-epw t\m-ºn-s‚ Zn-\-am-sW-∂-dn-bm-sX- £-

Ww- I-gn-®-h-tcm-Sp- t]m-epw- _m-°n-t\-cw- t\m-ºp-Im-cm-bn- I-gn®pIq-

´m≥- I¬-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.-

35. _pJm-cn(4/212), apkvenw(1125).

36. _pJm-cn(4/216), apkvenw(1135).

37. ap-kvenw(1125).

38. apkvenw(1127).

49\_n-bpsS t\mºv

ap-l-Ω-Zv-_v-\p- sskz-^n- hn-h-cn-°p-∂p-:

""H-cp- B-iq-dm- Zn-\-Øn¬- ]-hm-N-I≥-- R-ß-fp-sS- A-Sp-Øp-

h-∂p- tNm-Zn-®p-:- "C-∂v- \n-ßƒ- t\m-sº-Sp-Øn-´p-t≠m?'.- A-t∏mƒ-

Nn-e-¿-- "A-sX'-sb-∂pw- a-‰p- Nn-e¿- "A-√'- F-∂pw- a-dp-]-Sn- ]-d-™p.-

\-_n-- A-h-tcm-Sv- _m-°n- k-a-bw- Iq-Sn- t\m-ºp-Im-cm-bn- ]q¿Ønbm-

°m≥- I¬-]n-°p-I-bpw- a-Zo-\-bp-sS- k-ao-]-sØ- Km-a-hm-kn-Iƒ°nS-

bn¬- A-∂-sØ- _m-°n- k-a-bw- -t\m-ºp-Im-cm-bn- ]q¿-Øn-bm°m≥

hn-fw-_-cw- sN-øm≥- \-n¿-tZ-in-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.''(39)

d-a-Zm≥- \n¿-_-‘-am-°-s∏- -tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn- B-iq-dm- t\m-ºv- Dt]-

£n-°-s∏-´p- F-∂-,- A-_v-Zp-√m-ln-_v-\p- a-kv-Du-Zn--s‚- hm-°pw-

A-Xp-t]m-se- d-a-Zm≥- A-h-X-cn-®-Xp- ap-X¬- \n¿-_-‘- t\m-ºv- da-

Zm≥- am-X-am-hp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp-sh-∂- B-C-i- -bp-sS- hn-i-Zo-IcW-

hpw- C-∆n-j-b-I-am-b- A- n-]m-b- kw-L- -\-ßƒ-°v- A-dp-Xn- Ipdn°p-

∂-h-bm-Ip-∂p.- Im-c-Ww- B-iq-dm- t\m-ºv- kp-∂-Øm-sW-∂- Imcyw-

H-cn-°-epw- H-gn-hm-°-s∏-Sp-I-tbm- D-t]-£n-°-s∏-Sp-I-tbm- sN-bvXn´n-

√.- A-Xv- kp-∂-Øm-sW-∂-Xn-\v- ap-kv-enw- ]-fin-X-∑m-cp-sS- CPvam-

Av- (G-tIm-]n-Xm- n-]m-bw)- D-s≠-∂- C-amw- C-_v-\p- A-_v-Zn¬_¿-

dn -s‚- A-`n-]-m-bw l-m-^n-Zv- C-_v-\p- l-P-dp¬- A-kv-J-em-\n -

X-s‚- hn-ip-X- K-Ÿ-am-b- -Xv-lp¬- _m-cn-(4/246)-bn-¬- tc-J-s∏Sp-

Øn-b-Xv- Im-Wmw.-- C-Xn¬-\n-∂pw- B-iq-dm- t\m-ºv- C-∂pw- \n-e\n¬-

°p-∂p-s≠-∂pw- Zp¿-_e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- -Xv- A-Xv- \n¿-_-‘-am-sW∂-

\n-b-a-am-sW-∂pw- a-\- n-em-°mw.-

39. C_v\p Jpsska(3/389), AlvaZv(4/388), \km-C(4/192), C_v\p amPx(1/

552), apAvPap¬ I_odn(18/238)¬ Xz_vdm\n F∂n-h¿ apl-ΩZp_v\p sskz-

^o A¬ A≥kmcnbn¬ \n∂v iA-_n- \nth-Z\w sNøp∂ am¿K-ØneqsS

D≤-cn-®Xv. CXns‚ ]c-ºc kzlo-lm-Wv.

50 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

th-sd- Nn-e- ]-fin-X-∑m¿-- hm-Zn-°p-∂-Xv- B-iq-dm- t\m-ºv- \n¿_-

‘-(^¿-Zv)-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬- X-s∂- A-Xv- Zp¿_es∏SpØs∏´t∏m-

ƒ- A-Xn-t\m-Sv- _-‘-s∏-´- \n-b-a-ß-fpw- Zp¿-_-e-s∏-´p- F-∂m-Wv.-

F-∂m¬- B-iq-dm- kw-_-‘-am-b- l-Zo-Yp-Iƒ- Nn-e- h-kv-Xp-X-Iƒ-

hy-‡-am-°p-∂p≠v-:-

1.- B-iq-dm- t\m-ºv- \n¿-_-‘-am-bn-cp-∂p.-

2.- H-cmƒ-°v- \n-¿-_-‘- t\m-ºn-s‚- Zn-h-k-am-sW-∂v- A-dn-bm≥-

km-[n-°m-sX-h-∂-Xn-\m¬- cm-Xn-X-s∂- \n-ø-Øv- sN-øm≥- km-

[n-®n-s√-¶n-epw- t\m-ºn-\v- bm-sXm-cp- Ip-g-∏-hp-an-√.-

3.- ]-I¬- k-a-bw- Xn-∂p-I-bpw- Ip-Sn-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-X- ti-jam-Wv-

H-cmƒ- A-∂v- t\m-ºm-sW-∂v- A-dn-bp-∂-sX-¶n¬- _m-°n- t\cw-

t\m-ºp-Im-c-\m-bn- I-gn-bm≥- A-bmƒ- _m-[y-kv-Y-\m-Wv.- Ahs\-

kw-_-‘n-®v- th-sd- "J-Zm'- ho-t´-≠-Xp-an-√.-

k-Xy-Øn¬- "Zp¿-_-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- -Xv'- \n¿-_-‘-am-sW-∂- \n-

baw- am-X-am-Ip-∂p.- t\-c-sØ- \mw- h-n-i-Zo-I-cn-®-Xp-t]m-se-,- kp∂-

Øm-sW-∂- \n-b-aw- C-∂pw- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p.- H-cp- Im-cyw- Zp¿-_-

e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´p- F-∂-Xn-\m¬-- A-Xn-t\m-Sv- _-‘-s∏-´- ap-gp-h≥-

Im-cy-ß-fpw- Zp¿-_-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- p- F-∂p- ]-d-bm-h-X-√.- A-√mlp-

G-‰-hpw- \-∂m-bn- A-dn-bp-∂p.-

J-Zm- ho- -Ww- F-∂p- hm-Zn-°p-∂- ]-fin-X-∑m¿- ]-ap-J- lZoYv-

K-Ÿ-ß-fm-b- kp\-\\p A-_o-Z-m-hq-Zn-(2/447)epw- - ap-kv-\-Zv- AlvaZn-

(2/409)epw- - h-∂- A-_v-Zp¿-d-lv-am-\p-_v-\p- k-e-a- F-∂-bmƒ- Xs‚-

]n-Xr-hy-\n¬-\n-∂pap-≤-cn-°p-∂- l-Zo-Yv- sX-fn-hm-bn- ]-d-bm-dp-≠v.-

l-Zo-Yv- C-]-Im-c-am-Wv:

A-kv-ew- tKm-Xw- \-_n--bp-sS- k-∂n-[n-bn¬- lm-P-dm-bn.- Ahn-

Sp-∂v- "C-∂v- \n-ßƒ- t\m-sº-Sp-Øn-´p-t≠m'-- F-∂m-cm-™-p. A-h¿-

]-d™p-:- "C-√'.- \-_n-- ]-d-™p-:- "C-∂v- _m-°n-bp-≈- t\cw- \nß-

ƒ- t\m-ºp-Im-sc-t∏m-se- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°p-I-bpw- a-s‰m-cp- Znhkw-

51\_n-bpsS t\mºv

Cu- Zn-h-k-sØ- t\m-ºv- \n-ßƒ- J-Zm-ho-´p-I-bpw- sN-øp-I.''-

c-≠p- t]m-cm-bv-a-I-fp-≈-Xn-\m¬- Cu- l-Zo-Yv- Zp¿-_-e-am-Wv.-

1. C-Xn-s‚- d-t∏m¿- -dm-b- A-_v-Zp¿-d-lv-am-\p-_v-\p- k-e-a-sb-°pdn®-

A-hy-‡-X.- C-amw- Z-l-_n - A-bm-sf-°p-dn-®p- ]-d-™-Xv- Adn-

b-s∏-Sm-Ø- hy-‡n- F-∂m-Wv A¬ aokm-\p¬ CAvXnZm-en(2/

567)¬ ]kvXm-hn-°p∂p.- lm- n-Zv- C-_v-\p- l-P¿- AØ-lvZo_p-

Ø-lvZo-_n(6/239)¬- ]-d-™-Xv- A-bm-fp-sS- \n-e- A-⁄m-X-

am-Wv- F-∂m-Wv.- ]-ap-J- l-Zo-Yv- ]-fin-X-\m-b- C-_v-\p A_olm-

Xw- X-s‚- A¬- P¿-lp- h-Ø-lv-Zo-en(5/288)¬- C-bm-fp-sS- t]cv-

sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-s≠-¶n-epw- Kp-W-tZm-j-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v- H-∂pw-

]-c-m-a¿-in-®n-´n-√.-

2.- Cu- l-Zo-Yn-s‚- ]-c-º-c-b-n-ep-≈- J-Xm-Zx-bp-sS- A≥-A-\-Øpw-

C-Xn-s‚- t]m-cm-bv-a-bm-Wv.- Im-c-Ww- J-Xm-Zx- ap-Z-√n-km-Wv.- apZ√n-

kn-s‚- A≥-A-\-Øv- A-kzo-Im-cy-am-sW-∂m-Wv- l-Zo-Yv- ]finX-

∑m-cp-sS- A-`n-]m-bw.-

9. t\mºns‚- kabw

Xp-S-°-Øn¬- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n--bp-sS- in-jy≥-am¿-°v- t\m-ºp-

Xp-d-t°-≠- k-a-b-am-bm¬- A-∂-]m-\o-b-ß-fpw- m-cym- ¿-Xr- _‘-

ß-fpw- A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-bn-cp-∂p.- ]-t£,- t\m-ºp-Xp-d-∂-Xn-\p-tijw-

D-d-ßp-∂-Xp-h-sc- am-X-am-bn-cp-∂p- C-X-\p-h-Zn-°-s∏- n-cp-∂-Xv.- Ddßn-

t∏m-bm¬- ]n-t‰-Zn-h-kw- A-tX- k-a-bw- B-Ip-∂-Xp-h-sc- Xn-∂mt\m-

Ip-Sn-°m-t\m- `m-cym-`¿-Xr _-‘-Øn-te¿-s∏-Sm-t\m- A\phmZap-

≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- ]n-∂o-Sv- D-Zm-c-\pw- ]-Xm-]n-bp-am-b- ]-]-©-\m-Ys‚-

A-\p-K-lw- A-h-cn¬- I-\n-bp-I-bpw- Cu- k-a-b-I-a-Øn¬- A-h¿°v-

C-f-hp-\¬-Ip-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- Xm-sg- sIm-Sp-°p-∂- l-Zo-Yv- C-Xp-

kw-_-‘-am-b- Iq-Sp-X¬- hn-h-c-ßƒ- \-ap-°p- \¬-Ip-∂p-:-

_-dm-Av- C-_v-\p- B-kn-_v-- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

53\_n-bpsS t\mºv

\-_n--bp-sS- A-\p-N-c-∑m¿- t\m-ºp-≈- Zn-h-kw- C- v-Xm¿- ka-

b-Øv- -£-Ww- I-gn°m-sX- F-s¥-¶n-epw- Im-c-W-Øm¬- F-gpt∂‰p-

t]-m-bm¬- B- cm-Xn-bn-ep-w- Xp-S¿-∂p-≈- ]-I-en-epw- H-∂pw- Ign°m-

sX- kq-cym-kv-X-a-bw- h-sc- t\m-ºp-Im-cm-bn- I-gn-bm-dm-bn-cp-∂p- ]Xn-

hv.- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- ssJ-kp-_v-\p- kz¿-a-X¬- A≥-km-cn-- t\mºp≈-

H-cp- Zn-h-kw- C- v-Xzm¿- k-a-b-Øv- X-s‚-- m-cy-bp-sS- A-Sp-Ø-p- sN∂v-

"t\m-ºp-Xp-d-°m≥- h-√-Xp-ap-t≠m'-- F-∂-t\z-jn-®p.- `m-cy-]-d-™p-:-

"C-hn-sS- H-∂p-an-√.- ]-t£,- a-s‰-hnsS-sb-¶n-epw- t]m-bn- Rm≥- H-

∂v- Xn-c-°n-t\m-°-s´'-.- A-ß-s\- -£-W-hp-am-bn- m-cy- h-∂-t∏mtg-

°pw- ]-I¬- k-a-b-w-- tPm-en-bn-te-¿-s∏- n-cp-∂- A-t±-lw- £oWØm-

¬- D-d-ßn-t∏m-bn-cp-∂p.- C-Xp-I-≠v- `m-cy- ]-d-™p-t]m-bn-:- "F-X-

k-¶-S-I-cw-!'-- ]n-t‰- Zn-h-kw- ]-Ip-Xn-bm-b-t∏m-tg-°pw- At±-lw- £o-

W-Øm¬- t_m-[-c-ln-X-\m-bn ho-Wp-t]m-bn.- C-Xv- \-_n-sb-- Adn-

bn-®-t∏mƒ- kq-d-Øp¬- _-J-d-bn-se- Cu- kq-‡w- A-h-X-cn-°pIbp-

≠m-bn-:

""t\m-ºn-s‚- cm-Xnbn¬- \n-ß-fp-sS- - m-cyam-cp-am-bp-≈- -kwk¿-

Kw \n-ßƒ-°-\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.-''- (2:-187)

Aßs\ Ah¿(-kz-lm-_n-am¿) AXp-ap-tJ\ hfscb[nIw

kt¥m-jn®p. ""]pecnbpsS shfpØ CgIƒ IdpØ CgIfn¬

\n∂v sXfn™v ImWpamdmIp∂Xv hsc \nßƒ Xn∂pIbpw

IpSn°pIbpw sNbvXpsIm≈pI'' F∂Xpw At∏m-gmWv AhX-

cn®Xv.''(40)

Z-bm-ep-hpw- I-cp-Wm-a-b-\p-am-b- \m-Y≥-,- ""R-ßƒ- tI- p,- A\pk-

cn-®p.- \m-Ym-!- \n-s‚- s]m-cp-Øam-Wv- R-ßƒ- tX-Sp-∂-Xv.- \n∂nte-

°v- X-s∂-bm-W-t√m- a-S-°-hpw''- F-∂v- D-cp-hn-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°m≥-

am-Xw- Xm-gv-a- Im-Wn-°p-∂- hn-\-b-io-e-cm-b- Zm-k-∑m¿-°v- \¬Inb-

Cu- a-lm-kq-‡w- t\m-ºp-Im-c-s‚- ]-I-en-s‚- ]-cn-[n- hn-h-cn-®pXcp-

∂p.- A-Y-hm- ]-`m-tXm-Z-bw- ap-X¬- kq-cy-In-c-W-ßƒ- A-kv-Xan®v-

40. _pJm-cn(4/911).

54 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

cm-hn-s‚- B-K-a-\w- \-S-°p-∂-Xp-h-sc-bm-Ip-∂v- A-Xv.

1. shfpØ CgIfpw IdpØ CgIfpw

D-]-cn-kq-Nn-X- Jp¿-B-≥- kq-‡w- A-h-X-cn-®-t∏mƒ- kz-lm_n-

am-cn¬- Nn-e¿- I-dp-Ø-Xpw- sh-fp-Ø-Xp-am-b- Hm-tcm- \q-se-Sp-Øv- X-

ß-fp-sS- X-e-b-W-Iƒ-°v- Io-sg- sh-°p-I-tbm,- Im-ep-I-fn¬ _‘n-

°p-I-tb-m- sN-bv-Xn-´v- A-h- th¿-Xn-cn-®v- Im-Wm≥- ]-‰p-∂- k-a-bw-

h-sc- Xn-∂p-I-bw- Ip-Sn-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p-!-

A-Zn-øp-_v-\p- lm-Xnan-¬- \n-∂v- \nth-Z\w-:

""....-]p-e-cn-bp-sS- sh-fp-Ø- C-g-Iƒ- I-dp-Ø- C-g-I-fn¬-\n-∂v- sXfn-

™p- Im-Wp-am-dm-Ip∂-Xp- h-sc...''- F-∂- kq-‡w- A-h-X-cn-®-t∏mƒ-

Rm-s\m-cp- I-dp-Ø- N-c-Spw- sh-fp-Ø- N-c-Sp-sa-Sp-Øv- F-s‚- XebW-

°v- Io-gn¬- sh-®p.- cm-Xn- A-Xv- t\m-°n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p.- F-∂m¬-

F\n-°v- th¿-Xn-cn-®v- a-\- n-em-°m-\m-bn-√.- cm-hn-se- Rm≥- dkq¬-

-bpsS- A-Sp-Øp- sN-∂v- h-n-h-cw- ]-d-™-t∏mƒ,-- "A-Xp-sIm-≠pt±iw-

cm-Xn-bp-sS- I-dp-∏pw- ]-I-en-s‚-- sh-fp-∏p-am-sW-∂v- R-ßƒ-°v- hniZo-

I-cn-®p-X-∂p.''(41)

41. _pJm-cn(4/113), apkvenw(1090). Cu AY-dns‚ ]Xy-£m¿Y-Øn¬ \n∂v

a\- n-em-hp-∂Xv Cu BbØv Ah-X-cn-°p-tºmƒ AZnøp_v\p lmXnwlmP-dm-bn-cp∂psh∂m-Wv. AXn-∂¿Yw BbØv Ah-X-cn-°p-tºm-ƒ At±-

lw apkven-ambn´ps≠∂m-Wv. bYm¿YØn¬ AXv A]-Im-c-a-√. t\mºv

\n¿_-‘-amhp∂Xv lnPvd c≠n-em-Wv. F∂m¬ A¬ Ckzm-_(2/468)bnep-

≈Xp t]mse At±lw apkven-amhp--∂Xv lnPvd HºXmw h¿jtam ]Ømw

h¿jtam BWv. AtX-k-abw BbØv Iptd sshIn-bm-W-h-X-cn-®-sX∂

hymJym\w bmYm-¿YyØn¬ \n∂v hfsc hnZq-c-am-Wv. ""BbØv Ah-Xcn®-

t∏mƒ'' F∂ AZn-øns‚ hmN-IsØ ""Rm≥ apkvenambn, F\n°v Cu

55\_n-bpsS t\mºv

k-lv-ep-_v-\p- k-Av-Z-v-- ]-d-™p-:

-""\n-ßƒ- Xn-∂p-I-bpw- Ip-Sn-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≈p-I.- shfp-

Ø- C-g-Iƒ- I-dp-Ø- C-g-I-fn¬-\n-∂v- sXf-n-™p- ImWp-am-dm-Ip∂Xp-

h-sc''- F-∂- kq-‡w- A-h-X-cn-®- Im-e-Øv- t\msºSp-°m≥- Dt±in-

°p-∂-bmƒ- X-s‚-- Im-ep-I-fn¬- I-dp-Ø-Xpw- sh-fpØXp-am-b- NcSp-

Iƒ- sI-´n-bn-´v- A-h- th¿-X-n-cn-®v- Im-Wm-dm-Ip-∂-Xphsc- Xn∂pI-

bpw- Ip-Sn-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.- D-S-s\- A-√mlp- "]pecn-

bp-sS'- F-∂¿-Yw- h-cp-∂- "an-\¬ - -Pv-cn'- F-∂- hn-i-ZoIcW-hm°v-

C-Xn-t\m-Sp-Iq-sS- A-h-X-cn-∏n-®p.- A-t∏m-gm-Wv- B-b-Øns‚- Xm¬]-

cyw- C-cp-fpw- ]-I-en-s‚- sh-fp-∏p-am-sW-∂v- A-h¿-°v- a\ nemb-

Xv.''(42)-

ssZ-hn-I-am-b- Cu- hn-i-Zo-I-c-W-Øn-\p ]p-d-sa- "th¿-Xn-cn-®p-

Im-Wm-dm-Ip-∂-Xn-s‚-- k-a-b- ]-cn-[n-'- kw-i-b-Øn-\v- A-ti-jw- CSbn-

BbØv HmXnt°ƒ]n-°-s∏´p'' F∂v hymJym-\n-®m¬ AXmWv G‰hpw

icn-bm-bn- p-≈-Xv. ImcWw AlvaZns‚ apkv\-Zn(4/377)se Hcp \nthZ\Øn-

¬ D≈Xv C]-Im-c-amWv:

A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq¬ Fs∂ \a-kvIm-chpw t\mºpw ]Tn-∏n-®p.

Ahn-Sp∂v ]d™p: ""\o Cßs\ Cßs\ \a-kvI-cn-°p-I, \o t\mº\pjvTn-

°pI F∂n v kqcy-\-kvX-an-®m¬ shfpØ C-g-Iƒ IdpØ C-g-I-fn¬ \n∂v

\n\°v hy‡-am-hp-∂Xphsc Xn∂p-Ibpw IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I. ap∏Xv

Znhkw t\mº-\p-jvTn-°pI; AXn\p apºv amk-∏n-dhn I≠n-√m-sb-¶n¬.''

Aßs\ Rm≥ tcmaw sIm≠p≈ Idp-ØXpw shfp-Ø-Xp-amb c≠p \qepI-

sf-SpØp.....(l-Zo-Yv) Nne am‰-ß-tfm-Sv IqSn Xvlp¬ _mcn-(4/132- 133)bn¬

\n∂v.

42. _pJm-cn(4/114), apkvenw(1091).

56 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

√m-Ø- hn-[w- \-_n-- A-\-p-N-c-∑m¿-°v- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-ØXmbn-

Im-Wmw.- C-Xn-\p- ti-j-hpw- Cu- hn-j-b-Øn¬- B¿-s°-¶n-epw-

kw-i-bw- _m-°n-bm-sW-¶n-¬- Cu- I-hn- h-N-\-w- A-h-¿- Hm¿-°s´:

]-I-en-\v- t]m-epw- sX-fn-h-t\z-jn-°p-∂- _p-≤n-bn¬- H-∂pw-

icnbm-bn- tXm-∂p-I-bn-√.

2.- c-≠p-X-cw- ]- m-X-ßƒ-

\-_n-- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®p-X-∂- t\m-ºp- kw-_-‘-am-b- \nbaßfn-

¬- kp-]-[m-\-am-b- H-∂m-Wv- ]-`m-Xw- c-≠p-hn-[-ap-s≠-∂- Im-cyw:-

1) ^-Pv-dp¬- Im-Zn-_v- (h-ym-P- ]-`m-Xw)-

C-Xp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xp- aq-ew- (kv-_v-ln)- \-a-kv-Im-cw- A\phZn°s∏-

Sp-I-tbm- (t\m-ºp-Im-c-\v)- -£-Ww- \n-jn-≤-am-°-s∏-Sp-I-tbm- sNøn-

√.-

2) ^-Pv-dp zm-Zn-Jv- (D-¨-a- -]-`m-Xw)-

C-Xp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-sIm-t≠- (kp-_v-ln) \-a-kv-Im-cw- A\phZn-

°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\v- -£-W- ]m-\o-b-ßƒ- hn-e-°-s∏SpI-

bp-ap-≈q.--

C-_v-\p- A-∫m-kv-- ]-d-bp-∂p-: \-_n-- ]-d-™p-:

""]- m-Xw- c-≠p-X-c-ap-≠v.- H-∂mw- ]- m-Xw- t\m-ºp-Imc-\v- £-

W- ]m-\o-b-ßƒ- I-gn-°p-∂-Xv- \n-jn-≤-am-°p-I-tbm- kp-_v-ln- \akv-

Im-cw- A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-°p-I-tb-m- sN-øn-√.- -c-≠mw- ]- m-Xw- t\mºp-

Im-c-\v- -£-Ww- \n-jn-≤-am-°p-I-bpw- kp-_v-ln- \-a-kv-Im-cw- A\ph-

Z-\o-b-am-°p-Ibpw- sN-øpw.''(43)

43. C_v\p Jpsska(3/210), lm°nw(1/191, 495), Zmd-Izp-Xzv\n(2/165), ss_lIzn-

(4/261) F∂n-h¿ kp vbm-\n¬ \n∂pw, At±lw C_v\p Ppssd-Pn¬ \n∂pw,

At±lw AXzm-C¬ \n∂pw, At±lw C_v\p A∫m-kn¬ \n∂pw D≈

57\_n-bpsS t\mºv

^-Pv-dp¬- Im-Zn-_v- (h-ym-P- ]-`m-Xw)-: - knw-l-hm-ep-t]m-se- N-

I-hm-f-Øn¬- D-b¿-∂p-Im-Wp-∂,-- \o-≠p-In-S-°p-∂-;- Xn-f-ßp-∂- sh-

≈-bm-Wv- ^-Pv-dp¬- Im-Zn-_v- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.-

-Pv-dp zm-Zn-Jv- (D- -a- ]- m-Xw)-:- Xm-gv-h-c-I-fp-sS-bpw- ]¿hX-

ß-fp-sS-bpw- ap-I-fn-em-bn- ]-c-∂p-In-S-°p-∂- Np-h-∂- ]-Im-i-sØbm-

Wv- -Pv-dp zm-Zn-Jv- F-∂p- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv.- Cu- ]-Im-iw- ho-Sp-I-fp-sS-

ap-I-fn-epw-- h-gn-tbm-c-ß-fn-epw- ]-c-∂p-In-S-°p-∂-Xm-bn- Im-Wmw.- CXp-

am-bn-- am-X-sa- t\m-ºn-s‚-bpw- \-a-kv-Im-c-Øn-s‚-bpw- \n-b-a-ßƒ-

_-‘-s∏-Sp-∂p-≈q.-

k-ap-d-- ]-bp-∂p-:- \-_n- ]-d-™p-:

""_n-em-en--s‚- _m-¶pw- ]-`m-X-Øn¬- Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂- sh≈-

bpw- \n-ß-sf- sX-‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°m-Xn-cn-°-s´-;- B- sh-≈- ]-c-°p-∂Xp-

h-sc.''(44)

X-z¬J-v-_v-\p- A-en-- \n-th-Z-\w-:- \-_n- ]-d-™p-:

""N-I-hm-f-Øn¬- D-b¿-∂p-Im-Wp-∂- ]-Im-iw- \n-ß-sf- sX‰n≤-

cn-∏n-°m-Xn-cn-°-s´.- Np-h-∂- ]-Im-iw- ]-c-°p-∂-Xp-h-sc- \n-ßƒ°v-

Xn-∂p-I-bpw- Ip-Sn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.''-(45)

am¿K-Øn-eqsS D≤-cn-®Xv. CXns‚ k\Zv kzlo-lm-Wv. Cu lZo-Yn\v Pm_n-

dn¬ \n∂v lm°nw(1/191), ss_l-Izn(4/215), Zmd-IzpXzv\n(2/165) F∂nh¿

D≤-cn-® lZoYv km£n-\n¬°p-∂p-≠v. AXv ap¿kemtWm aukzq-emtWm

F∂-Xn¬ (]-fin-X-∑m¿) A`n-]mb n∂-X-bn-em-bn-´p≠v. Yu_m-\n¬

\n∂v C_v\p A_o-ssi-_x(3/27) D≤-cn® lZoYpw CXn\v km£n-\n¬°p-

∂p.

44. apkvenw(1094).

45. Xn¿anZn(3/76), A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(2/304), Alva-Zv(4/23), C_v\p Jpssk-a(3/211)

F∂n-h¿ A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p∂pAvam\n¬ \n∂pw, At±lw ssIzkp_v\p

Xz¬Izn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂pw D≈ am¿K-

Øn-eqsS D≤-cn-®Xv. CXns‚ ]c-ºc kzlo-lm-Wv. A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p∂pAv-

58 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""]p-e-cn-bp-sS- sh-fp-Ø- C-g-Iƒ- I-dp-Ø- C-g-I-fn¬-\n-∂v- sXfn-

™p- Im-Wp-am-dm-Ip∂-Xp- h-sc''- F-∂- Jp¿-B-\n-I- D-]-a-tbm-Sv-

-Pv-dp zm-Zn-Jn-s\-∏-‰n- ]-d-™- hn-i-Zo-I-c-W-ßƒ- am-X-am-Wv- tbm-

Pn-°p-∂-sX-∂p- Im-Wm-\m-Ipw.- Im-c-Ww- ]p-e-cn-sh- w- N-I-hmfØn-

eq-sS- ]¿-h-X-in-J-c-ß-fn-epw- Xm-gv-h-c-I-fn-epw- ]-k-cn-®p- XpSßp-

tºmƒ- A-sXm-cp- sh-fp-Ø- N-c-Sp-t]-m-se-bpw- A-Xn-\p- ap-I-fn-embn-

I-gn-™- cm-Xn-bp-sS- C-cp-fn-s‚- ti-jn-®- m-Kw- I-dp-Ø- N-c-Sp-t]m-

se-bpw Im-W-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v.-

C-Ø-c-Øn¬- D- -a- ]- m-Xw- hy-‡-am-bn-°-gn-™m¬- ]n-s∂-

A-∂- ]m-\o-b-ßfn¬- \n-∂pw- ssew-Kn-I- _-‘-ß-fn¬- \n-∂pw-

am-dn- \n¬-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.- F-∂m¬ B- k-a-b-Øv- -I-øn¬- sh≈-

Øn-s‚-tbm- a-‰p- ]m-\o-b-ß-fp-sS-tbm- I-t∏m- a-t‰m- D-s≠-¶n¬-

_m-¶v- tI- ¬- t]m-epw- im-¥-\mb-n-Ø-s∂- A-X-v- IpSn°mhp∂Xm-

Wv.- ]-c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\m-b- \m-Y≥- X-s‚- t\m-ºp-Im-cm-b- Zmk∑m¿-

°v- \¬-In-b- a-l-Øm-b- C-f-h-sX- A-Xv.-

\-_-n-- ]-d-™p-:

"" -£-W- ]m-X-w- I-øn-en-cn-s°- _m-¶v- tI- m¬- X-s‚- Bhiyw-

]q¿-Øn-bm-°p-∂-Xp-h-sc- A-Xv- Xm-sg- sh-t°-≠-Xn-√''-(46)

am≥: C_v\p aCu\pw C_v\p ln∫m\pw APvenbpw At±-lsØ ÿnc-

s∏SpØn. At±-l-Øns‚ \nXn-]m-e-\-sØ-°p-dn®v C_v\p Jpssk-a Adn-

™n-´n√. C_v\p lP¿ ]d™p: ""kzoIm-cy≥.''

46. A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(235), C_v\p Pco¿(3115), lm°nw(1/426), ss_l-Izn(2/218),

Alva-Zv(2/423) F∂n-h¿ lΩm-Zv apl-ΩZv _v\p Awdn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw

A_q-k-e-a-bn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw A_q-lp-dbv-dbn¬ \n∂pw D≈ ]cº-

c-bn-eqsS D≤-cn-®-Xv. Cu ]c-ºc lk-\m-Wv. a‰p ]e ]c-º-c-Ifpw Cu

lZo-Yn-\p-≠v. Alva-Zv(2/510), lmInw(1/203, 205) F∂n-h¿ lΩm-Zn¬ \n∂pw

At±lw AΩm¿ _v\p A_o AΩm-dn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw A_qlpdbvd-

bn¬ \n∂pw D≈ ]c-º-c-bn-eqsSbpw D≤-cn-®p. Cu ]c-ºc kzlolmWv.

59\_n-bpsS t\mºv

C-amw- A-lv-a-Zpw- (2/510)- C-_v-\p- P-co-dp-Øz-_v-cn-bpw- -(2/102)- a-

‰p- ]-e- ]-fin-X-∑m-cpw- Cu- l-Zo-Yn-s‚- A-h-km-\- `m-K-Øv-

(A-°m-e-Øv- _m-¶p- hn-fn-°p-∂-h¿- -Pv-dp- zmZnJv-

Zr-iy-am-Ip-tºm-gm-bn-cp-∂p- _m-¶p- hn-f-n-®n-cp-∂-Xv)- F-∂v- A-[n-I-

hn-i-Zo-I-c-Ww- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xn¬-\n-∂pw- C-hn-sS- ]-d-™- _m¶p-

sIm-≠p-t±-iw- -Pv-dp- zm-Zn-Jv- Zr-iy-am-Ip-tºmƒ- hn-fn-°-s∏- n-cp∂-

kp-_v-ln- k-a-b-sØ- c-≠mw- _m-¶m-sW-∂v- a-\- n-em-°mw.-(*)

C-_-v-\p- P-co¿- (2/102) A-_q- D-am-ax--bn¬-\n-∂pw- \-nth-Z-\w

sN-bv-X- a-s‰m-cp- kw-`-hw- t\-c-sØ- ]-d-™- hn-i-Zo-I-c-W-Øn-\v-

Iq-Sp-X¬- hnizm-ky-X- \¬-Ip-∂p.- A-t±-lw- ]-d-bp-∂p-:-

""H-cp- Znh-kw- _m-¶v- hn-fn-°-s∏- - t\-c-Øv- sh≈-∏m-Xw- Dadn-

s‚- I-øn-en-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- A-t±-lw- tNm-Zn-®p-:- "]-hm-N-Itc,-

Rm-\n-Xv- Ip-Sn-t®m-s´?'- \-_n-- ]-d-™p-:- "A-sX-!'- A-ß-s\- At±-

lw- A-Xv- Ip-Sn-®p.''

C-Xn¬-\n-∂pw- -Pv-dp- zm-Zn-Jv- Zr-iy-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\p- ap-ºp-X-s∂-

kq-£v-a-X-bp-sS- t]-cn¬- -£-W- ]m-\o-b-ßfn¬-\n-∂pw- hn- p-\n¬-

°p-∂-;- C-∂p- Nn-e-¿-°n-S-bn¬- Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂- co-Xn a-X-Øn¬- ]pXp-

Xm-bn- tN¿-°-s∏-´- B-Nm-c-am-sW-∂v- kv-Yn-c-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

lm-^n-fv- C-_v-\p- l-Pdp¬- A-kv-J-em-\n- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

(*) \_nbpsS Ime-Øv, da-Zm≥ amk-Øn¬ "kldn's‚ kabw Adn-bn°p∂-

Xn\v- th≠n ]`m-X-Øn\papºv _m¶p-sIm-Sp-°p∂ coXn-bp≠mbncp∂p.(hnh)

60 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""kp-_v-ln- k-a-b-sØ- c-≠mw- _m-¶v-,- k-a-b-Øn-s‚- G-Xm≠v-

Im¬- a-Wn-°q-dp- ap-ºv- \n¿-h-ln-°p-∂-Xpw- A-Xp-t]m-se- t\msºSp-

°m-\p-t±-in-°p-∂-h¿-°v-,- -£-W- ]m-\o-b-ßƒ- Akm\n∏n°mdm-

bn- F-∂-d-n-bn-°m-\m-bn- kv-Ym-]n-°-s∏- - hn-f-°p-I-ƒ- k-a-b-Øn\p-

ap-tº- A-W-bv-°p-∂-Xpw- C-°m-e-Øv- Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂- sh-dp-°-s∏ -

\q-X-\m-Nm-c-ß-fn¬- Nn-e-Xm-Wv.- B-cm-[-\-bn¬- Iq-Sp-X¬- kq-£vaX-

]m-en-°m≥- th-≠n-bm-W-Xv- F-∂v- A-h¿- hm-Zn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n-epw-

A-h-cp-sS- Cu- \ym-bw- t]m-epw- A¬-]w- Nn-e-c-√m-sX- A-dn-bp-I-

t]m-ep-an-√.- C-Ø-c-°m-cp-sS- "A-Xn-`-‡n'- Im-c-Ww- A-kv-X-a-bw-

kv-Yn-c-s∏-´m¬- t]m-epw-˛k-a-bw- B-sb-∂v- D-d-∏n-°m-s\-∂- \ymb-

Øn¬-˛ A¬-]w- Xm-a-kn-∏n-®-Xn-\v- ti-jsa- A-h¿- _m-¶p- sImSp-

°m-dp-≈q-!- A-ß-s\- A-Øm-gw- A-h¿- t\-c-sØ- I-gn-°p-I-bpw-

t\m-ºp- Xp-d-°p-∂-Xv- Xm-a-kn-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-X-Xv- Im-c-Ww- \_n-

-bp-sS- N-cy-bp-sS- t\¿- hn-]-co-X-Øn¬- A-h¿- A-I-s∏-´p.- A-Xp-

sIm-≠v- A-h-cn¬- \-∑- \-s∂- Ip-d-bp-I-bpw- Xn-∑- h¿-[n-°p-I-bpw-

sN-bv-Xp.- A-√m-lp-hn¬- i-c-Ww-!''-(47)

F-∂m¬- ]- m-tXm-Z-b-Øn-\p- h-f-sc- ap-ºp-X-s∂- A-∂-]-m\ob-

ß-fn¬- \n-∂-I-∂p- \n¬-°p-∂ Zp-cm-Nm-c-hpw- k-a-b-am-bn- pw- Dd∏p-

h-cp-Øm≥- F-∂- \ym-b-Øn¬- t\m-ºp-Xp-d- ]n-¥n-°p-∂- co-Xnbpw-

C-∂pw- \n¿-_m-[w- Xp-S-cp-∂p-≠v- F-∂-Xm-Wv- hm-kv-X-hw.- A√mlp-

hn-t\m-Sv- ]-cm-Xn- ]-d-bp-I-b-√m-sX- a-s‰-¥p- sN-øm≥-!-

3.- ""....-ti-jw- cm-Xn- h-sc- \n-ßƒ- t\m-ºv- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°pI.''-

In-g-°p- m-K-Øp-\n-∂v- cm-Xn-bp-sS- e-£-W-ßƒ- h-∂p- XpSßp-

I-bpw- ]-Sn-™m-d-p- `m-K-Øp-\n-∂v- ]-I-en-s‚- e-£-W-ßƒ- ]n≥-

hm-ßn-Øp-S-ßp-I-bpw- kq-cym-kv-X-a-bw- ]q¿-W-am-hp-I-bpw- sNbvXm-

¬- t\m-ºp-≈-h≥- t\m-ºp- ap-dn-®p-sIm-≈-s´.-

D-a¿-- ]-d-bp-∂p-:- \-_n-- ]-d-™p-:

47. -Xv-lp¬- _m-cn-(4/199).

61\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""C-hn-sS\n-∂v-- (In-g-°v)- cm-Xn- h-∂p-X-p-S-ßp-I-bpw- A-hn-sS-

\n-∂v- (]-Sn-™m-dv)- ]-I¬- ]n≥-hm-ßp-I-bpw- kq-cy≥- A-kv-X-an°pI-

bpw- sN-bv-Xm¬- t\m-ºp- ap-dn-°m≥- k-a-b-am-bn.''(48)

kq-cy-]-Im-iw- _m-°n-bp-s≠¶n-epw A-Xn-s‚- In-c-W-ßƒ-

A-kv-X-an-®p- I-gn-™m-ep-S≥- Cu- A-h-kv-Y- I-gn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.- t\mºp-

≈- Zn-h-k-ß-fn¬- ]-hm-N-I≥-,- kq-cy≥- A-kv-X-an-t®-m- F-∂p-

t\m-°m-\m-bn- D-b¿-∂- kv-Y-e-Øv- H-cm-sf- \n-dp-Øm-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p.-

A-bmƒ- kq-cy≥- A-kv-X-an-®-p- F-∂p- ]-d-™m-ep-S≥- A-hn-Sp-∂v-

t\m-ºp- Xp-d-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.(49)

kq-cy≥- A-kv-X-an-®-bp-S≥- cm-Xn-bm-b-Xm-bn- I-W-°m-°m≥

]m-Sn-√.- a-dn-®v- In-g-°p-w- ]-Sn-™m-dpw- C-cp-fn-s‚- e£Wßfp≠mbm-

¬- am-X-sa- cm-Xn- Xp-S-ßn-b-Xm-bn- I-W-°m-°m-\m-hq- F-∂m-Wv-

Nn-e¿- [-cn-®-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- ap-ºv- Nn-e- kz-l-m-_n-Iƒ-°pw- CØcw-

sX-‰n-≤m-c-W- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- A-t∏mƒ- kq-cy-In-c-W-ßƒ- A-kvXan-

®- ti-jw- In-g-°p- m-K-Øp- \n-∂pw- C-cpƒ- h-∂p-Xp-S-ßn-bm¬- Xs∂-

cm-Xn- Xp-S-ßn-b-Xm-bn- Im-Wmw- F-∂-v- A-h-tcm-Sv- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°s∏-

´p.-

A-_v-Zp-√m-ln-_v-\p- A-_o-Hu-^m-- hn-h-cn-°p-∂p-:- ""R-ßƒ-

\-_n--tbm-sSm-∏w- [H-cp- d-a-Zm-\n¬-] bm-X-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p.- A-hnSp∂v-

t\m-ºp-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p.- kq-cy-\-kv-X-an-®-bp-S≥- Iq- -Øn¬- H-cmtfmSv

˛ H-cp- dn-t∏m¿-´n¬ _n-em-en-t\m-sS-∂m-Wp≈-Xv- ˛ `£Whpw

sh-≈hpw- sIm≠p-h-cm-\m-h-iy-s∏- p.- A-bmƒ- ]-d-™p-: "-]hmNI-

tc,- Ip-d-®p-Iq-Sn- k-‘y-bm-Ip-∂-Xp-h-sc- A-ßv- Im-Øn-cp-∂m-epw'.-

ho-≠pw- A-bm-tfm-Sv- F-gp-t∂-‰v- -£-W-hpw- sh-≈-hpw- X-bm-dm°m≥-

B-h-iy-s∏-´p.- A-bmƒ- ]-d-™p-:- "]-hm-N-I-tc,- Xm-¶ƒ-°v- ]-I¬-

C-\n-bpw- _m-°n-bp-≠v'.- ho-≠pw- -£-W-hpw- sh-≈-hpw- Xbmdm°m-

≥- A-bm-tfm-Sv- \-_n-- B-⁄m-]n-®p.- A-ß-s\- A-bmƒ- £W-

hpw- sh-≈-hpw- X-bm-dm-°n.- D-S-s\- \-_n-- sh-≈w- Ip-Sn-®p.- [At∂-

48. _pJm-cn(4/171), apkvenw(1100).

49. lmInw(1/434), C_v\p Jpssk-a(2061). Camw _pJm-cn-bp-sSbpw apkvenans‚-

bpw \n_-‘-\-sbmØ lZoYm-sW∂v Camw lmInw ]kvXm-hn-®p.

62 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

cw- B-sc-¶n-epw- X-s‚-- H- -I-Øn-s‚- ]p-d-Øn-cp-∂-v- F-Øn-t\m°nbm-

¬- X-s∂- kq-cy-s\- Im-Wp-am-bn-cn-°pw-!- (A-kv-X-an-®n- v- A-X-bv°v-

t\-c-sa- B-bn- p-≈q).-] ]n-∂o-Sv- In-g-°p- m-K-tØ-°v- Nq-≠n-s°m≠v-

A-hn-Sp-∂-v- ]-d-™p-:

""Cu- m-K-Øp-\n-∂pw- cm-Xn- h-∂p-Xp-S-ßn-bm¬- t\m-ºp-Imc\v-

C-^v-Xzm-dn-\v- k-a-b-am-bn.''(50)

]-ap-J- kz-lm-_n-bm-b- A-_q-k-Cu-Zp-¬- Jp-Zv-cn-- \-_n-bpsS-

Cu- hm-°v- A-£-cw-]-Xn- ]m--h¿-Øn-I-am-°n-b- A-t\-I-cn¬- Hcmfm-

bn-cp-∂p.- kq-cy-In-c-W-ßƒ- A-kv-X-an-®-bp-S≥- t\m-ºp- Xp-d-°p-I-

A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- ]-Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p.--

D-W¿-Ø¬- 1

C-Xp-h-sc- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°-s∏- -,- t\m-ºp-am-bn- _-‘-s∏- - \nba-

ß-fn¬- ]-cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- \-Kv-\-t\-X-ßƒ- sIm-≠p-≈- Z¿i-

\w- am-X-am-Ip-∂p.- A-Xp-sIm-≠v- ]n-d- Im-Wm-t\m- D¨-a- ]-`m-Xw-

D-d-∏m-°m-t\m- A-Xym-[p-\n-I- D-]-I-c-W-ßƒ- D-]-tb-m-K-s∏SptØ-

≠- B-h-iy-tam- A-s√-¶n¬- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-bp-sS-- Xn-cp-N-cy-bn¬-

\n-∂pw- ap-kv-enw- k-ap-Zm-b-sØ- ]n-Sn-®p- ]-d-n-®p- sIm-≠p-t]m-Im≥-

Xo-h-b-X-v-\w- \-S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂- tKm-f-im-kv-X-⁄-∑mcpsS-

bpw- tPym-’y-∑m-cp-sS-bpw- ]-©mw-K-ß-sf- ]m-]n-t°-≠- KXntI-

tSm- b-Ym¿-Y- ap-kv-en-an-\n-√.(51)- A√m-lp-hmWv IqSp-X¬ Adnbp∂-

h≥.

D-W¿-Ø¬- 2

Nn-e- ap-k-v-en-w- \m-Sp-I-fn-se- ap-A-±n-∑m¿- C-∂pw- _m-¶n-\m-bn-

50. _pJm-cn(4/199), apkvenw(1101), Alva-Zv(4/381), A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(2351). BZysØ

NXpc _m°-‰n-ep≈ mKw apkven-an(1101)s‚ \nth-Z-\Ønepw c≠m-asØ

NXp-c -_m-°-‰n-ep≈ `mKw A_vZp¿d-km-Izn(4/226)s‚ \nth-Z-\-Ønepw

D≈Xm-Wv. Xvlp¬ _mcn(4/198) ImWp-I.

51. IqSp-X-embn Adn-bm≥ ImWp-I: aPvaq-D Xmhm ssiJn¬ Ckvemw C_v\n

ssXan-øx(25/126˛202), Camw \h-hn-bpsS A¬ aPvaqD i-d-lp¬ apl-±-_v(6/

279), C_v\p lP-dns‚ AØ¬Jo-kp¬ l_o¿(2/187˛188).

63\_n-bpsS t\mºv

A-h-ew-_-am-°p-∂-Xv- A-º-Xn-e-[n-Iw- h¿-jw- ]-g-°-ap-≈- I-e≠dp-

I-sf-bm-Wv.- A-Xn-\m¬- A-h¿- A-Øm-g-w- t\-csØ-bm-°p-I-bpw

"C vXz-m¿'- ]n-¥n-°p-I-bpw- -e-Øn¬- "Xn-cp-N-cy'-bp-sS- t\¿hn]-

coX-Øn¬- A-h¿- F-Øn-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.-

C-Ø-cw- \m-Sp-Ifn¬- kp-∂-Øn-t\m-Sv- B- n-ap-Jy-hpw- ]-Xn_≤-

X-bpw ]p-e¿-Øp-∂- Nn-e \-√-bm-fp-Iƒ- kq-cym-kv-X-a-bw- A-SnkvYm-

\-am-°n- t\m-ºv- Xp-d-°m-\pw- ^-Pv-dp- zm-Zn-Jn-s‚- D-Z-bw- t\m-°n-

t\m-ºv- Xp-S-ßm-\pw- k-∂-≤-cm-bn- h-∂n- p-≠v.- A-h-cp-sS- Cu- ]h¿-

Øn- «m-L-\o-b-hpw- i-co-A-Øn-t\m-Sv- tbm-Pn-°p-∂-Xpw- Bib°p-

g-∏-Øn-\v- h-I-bn-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Wv.- A-h¿- \n-b-a-hn-cp-≤-am-bn- \o-ßp∂-

h-cm-sW-∂v- I-cp-Xp-∂-h-cm-Wv- b-Ym¿-Y-Øn¬- A-_-≤-Øn-eIs∏ -

h-¿.- A-h-sc-°p-dn-®v- "em- lu-e hem Izp∆Ø C√m _n√mlv'-

F-∂v ]-d-bm-t\- \-n¿-hm-l-ap-≈q.-

]p-Wy-am-b- Cu- B-cm-[-\- kq-cy-\pw- D¨-a- ]-`m-X-hp-am-bn-

_-‘-s∏- m-Wv- In-S-°p-∂-Xv.- Ip-d-®m-fp-Iƒ- Cu- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-Øn\v-

hn-cp-≤-am-bn- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬- A-ß-s\- ]-h¿-Øn-®hcm-

Wv- Ip-‰-°m-cm-hp-I.- A-√-m-sX- b-Ym¿-Y- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-sØ- ap-dpsI∏n-

Sn-®v- t\m-sº-Sp-°p-∂-h-cpw- t\m-ºv- Xp-d-°p-∂-h-cp-a-√.- _m-¶v- kab-

am-sb-∂v- A-dn-bn-°m-\p-≈- H-cp- hn-fw-_-c-w- am-X-am-Wvv.- k-a-bambn-

´pw- _m-¶v- sIm-Sp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-tbm- A-s√-¶n¬- k-a-b-Øn-\v- apsº-

_m-¶v- sIm-Sp-°p-I-tbm- sN-bv-Xm¬- \mw- A-h-ew-_n-t°-≠-Xv- \_n-

- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-® A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-ß-fn¬- X-s∂-bm-Wv.- Cu- hn-j-b-w-

F-√m-h-cp-sS-bpw- k-Ku-c-h- hn-Nn-¥-\-Øn-\v- hn-t[-b-am-tI-≠-XmWv.

10. A-Øm-gw-

1.- A-Øm-g-Øn-se- bp-‡n-

th-Z-°m-cm-b- ap≥-k-ap-Zm-b-ßƒ-°v- A-√m-lp- t\m-ºv- \n¿-_-

‘-am-°n-b-Xp -t]m-se- \-ap-°pw- A-√m-lp- A-Xv- \n-¿-_-‘-am-°n:-

""k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I-tf,- \n-ßfp-sS- ap-ºp-≈-h-tcm-Sv- I¬]n®ncp-

∂-Xv- t]m-se-Ø-s∂- \n-ßƒ-°pw- t\m-ºv- \n¿-_-‘-am-bn- I¬]n-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.- \n-ßƒ- tZm-j-_m-[-sb- kq-£n-°p-hm≥- th≠n-

b-sX- A-Xv.''- (2:-183)

t\m-º-\p-jv-Tn-°p-hm-\p-≈- k-a-b-hpw- -A-Xn-s‚- hn-[n-bpw- thZ-

°m¿-°v- \n-iv-N-bn-°-s∏-´- A-tX- co-Xn-bn¬- X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p- ap-

kv-enw-Iƒ-°pw- \n-iv-N-bn-°-s∏- n-cp-∂-Xv.- A-Y-hm- D-d-ßn-°gn™m-

¬- ]n-s∂- A-Sp-Ø- Zn-h-kw- cm-Xn-bm-Ip-∂-Xp-h-sc- B-lm-cw- Ign-

°m-t\m- P-e-]m-\w- \-S-Øm-t\m- -m-cym- ¿-Xr _‘Ønte¿s∏Sm-

t\m- A-Sp-Ø- Zn-h-kw- t\m-ºp-ap-dn-°p-∂- k-a-bw- B-Ip-∂-Xp-h-sc-

B-¿-°pw- A-\p-hm-Z-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.-(52) ]n-∂o-Sv- Cu- \n-b-aw- Zp¿_-

52. IqSp-X¬ Adn-bm≥ XpS¿∂p hcp∂ X vko-dp-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°pI: C_v\p-

¬ Pukn-bpsS kmZp¬ ako¿(1/184), C_v\p IYo-dns‚ X vko-dp¬ Izp¿-

B-\n¬ Afow(1/213- 214), A zp-bq-Øzn-bpsS A±p¿dp¬ a≥Yq¿(1/120- 121).

65\_n-bpsS t\mºv

e-am-°-s∏-´-t∏mƒ- \-Ωp-sS- t\m-ºn-s‚-bpw- th-Z-°m-cp-sS- t\mºn-

s‚-bp-an-S-bn¬- hy-Xym-kw- h-cp-Øm-\m-bn- \-_n-- A-Øm-g- `£-

Ww- kp-∂-Øm-bn- \n-iv-N-bn-®p.-

Aw-dp-_v-\p¬- B-k-zv-- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp-∂p-:- \-_n-- ]-d-™p:

""\-Ωp-sS- t\m-ºn-s‚-bpw- th-Z-°m-cp-sS- t\m-ºn-s‚-bpw- C-Sbnep-

≈- hy-Xym-kw- A-Øm-g- `-£-W-am-Ip-∂p.''-(53)

2.- A-Øm-g-Øn-s‚- ti-jv-T-X-Iƒ-

F. _d-IØv

k¬-am-\p¬- m-cn-kn-- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp-∂p-:- \-_n-- ]d™p:

""_-d-I-Øv- aq-∂-v- Im-cy-ß-fn-em-Ip-∂p.- Iq- m-bv-a-bn-epw- Y-coZnepw-

(H-cp- ]-tXy-I-X-cw- A-d-_n- sdm-´n)- A-Øm-g- `-£-W-Øn-epw.''(54)

A-_q-lp-d-bv-d--\n-th-Z-\w-:- \-_n-- ]-d-™p-:

""A-√m-lp- A-f-hn-epw- A-Øm-g- -£-W-Øn-epw- _-d-I-Øv- \niv-

N-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.''-(55)-

A-_v-Zp-√m-ln-_v-\p- lm-cn-kv-- a-s‰m-cp- kz-lm-_n-bn¬- \n∂pw-

\n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp-∂p-:- kz-lm-_n- ]-d-™p-:- ""\-_n-- -£-Ww- Ign®p-

53. apkvenw(1096).

54. Xz_vdm\n apAvPap¬ I_o-dn(6127)epw A_q-\psFw ZnIvdp AJv_mcn

Akzv_lm-\n(1/57)epw k¬am-\p¬ ^mcn-kn -\n∂v dnt∏m¿´v sNbvXp.

A¬ aPva-C(3/151)¬ sslYan ]d™p: ""AXns‚ ]c-º-c-bn¬ A_q A-

_vZn√ A¬ _kzcn Fs∂m-cm-fp-≠v. Zl_n Abm-sf-Ip-dn®v ]d-™p: A-

dn-b-s∏- n- n-√. k\-Znse a‰p≈h¿ hniz-ÿ-cm-Wv.'' JXzo-_p¬ _mKvZmZn

aph-±nD Hulm-an¬ PwC hØ vcoIzn(1/263)¬ D≤-cn-®p. km£n-\n¬Ip∂

lZo-Yp-I-fm¬ AXv lk-\m-Wv.

55. Pman-D- z-Ko-dn(1715)ep≈-Xp-t]mse Ass»-dmkn A¬ A¬Izm-_nepw J-

Øzo_v A¬ _mKvZmZn A¬ aph±nln(1/263)epw A_q-lp-dbv-dbn¬ \n-

∂pw D≤-cn-®p.

66 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

sIm-≠n-cn°p-∂- t\-c-Øv- Rm≥ A-hn-tS-°v- Ib-n-dn-s®-∂p.- At∏m-

ƒ- A-t±-lw- ]-d-™p-:-

""A-Øm-g-w- A-√m-lp- \n-ßƒ-°v- \¬-In-b- A-\p-Kr-lo-X- £-

W-am-Ip-∂p.- A-Xn-\m¬- \n-ß-f-Xv- (H-cn-°-epw)- H-gn-hm-°-cp-Xv.''(56)

A-Øm-g-w-- _-d-I-Øm-sW-∂- Im-cyw- h-f-sc- kv-]-jv-S-am-Wv.- Imc-

Ww- A-Xv- \-_n-N-cy-bpw- th-Z-°m-cp-sS- Po-hn-X-co-Xn-tbm-Sv- F-Xn¿∏p-

]-I-Sn-∏n-°-ep-am-Wv. A-Xn-ep-]-cn- A-Xv- t\m-sº-Sp-°m≥- i-‡n-

]-I-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬- t\m-sº-Sp-°m≥- A-Xv- t]-c-I-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.-

Cu- h-I- Im-c-W-ß-fm-em-Wv- \-_n-- A-Xn-s\- A-\p-Kr-lo-X- £-

Ww- F-∂p- hn-ti-jn-∏n-®-Xv.- C¿_mZv _v\p kmcn-ø, A_p±¿Zm-

Av F∂nh¿ \nth-Z\w sNøp∂ lZo-Yn-ep-≈-Xp-t]m-se. ]hm-

N-I≥ ]d™p:

""A\p-K-loX £-W-Øn-te°v hcp-ho≥, AXm-bXv AØm-

g-Øn-te-°v.''(57)

_n.- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- kzemØpw- a-e-°p-I-fp-sS- ]m¿-Y-\-bpw-

e-`n-°p-∂p-

A-Øm-gw- I-gn-°p-∂-Xn-s‚- KpW-ß-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- apJyam-b-

Xv,- A-√m-lp- A-Øm-g-w- I-gn-°p-∂-h¿-°v- A-\p-K-lw- sNm-cn™p-

56. \km-C(4/145), Alva-Zv(5/270). ]c-ºc kzlo-lm-Wv.

57. C¿_m-Zns‚ lZoYv Alva-Zpw(4/126) A_q-Zm-hq-Zpw(2/303) \km-C-bpw(4/

145) bq\pkv _v\p ssk^n¬ \n∂pw, At±lw A¬ lmcnYv _v\p knbmZn-

¬ \n∂pw, At±lw A_q dlvan¬ \n∂pw, At±lw C¿_mZn¬ \n∂pw

D≈ ]c-º-c-bn-eqsS D≤-cn-®p. ]kvXpX k\-Zn¬ A¬ lmcnYv Fs∂mcmfp-

≠v. Abmƒ "aPvlq¬' (A-dn-b-s∏-SmØ hy‡n) BWv. A_p-±¿Zm-Cs‚

lZoYv C_v\p ln∫m≥(223˛a-hm-cn-Zv) Awdp-_v\p¬ lmcn-Yn¬ \n∂pw,

At±lw A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p kem-an¬ \n∂pw, At±lw cnivZo-\p_v\p

kAvZn¬ \n∂pw, A±lw A_p-±¿Zm-C¬ \n∂pw D≈ ]c-º-c-bn-eqsS

D≤-cn-®p. F∂m¬ cnivZo≥ Zp¿_-e-\m-Wv. Cu lZo-Yn\v km£n-\n¬°p∂

Camw AlvaZpw(4/133) \km-Cbpw(4/146) D≤-cn® A¬ anIzvap_v\p aAvZnb-

Ivcn_ns‚ Hcp lZoYp≠v. lZoYv kzlo-lm-Wv.

67\_n-bpsS t\mºv

sIm-Sp-°p-I-bpw- A-h-s‚-- ]m-]-tam-N-\w- A-h-sc- s]m-Xn-bp-I-bpw-

sN-øp-sa-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-tXm-sSm-∏w- a-e-°p-Iƒ- A-h-cp-sS- ]m-]-tamN-

\-Øn-\v- tX-Sp-I-bpw- A-h¿-°v- hn-´p-ho-gv-N- sN-bv-Xp-sIm-Sp-°m≥-

A-√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sv- ]m¿-Yn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂-Xn-\m¬- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-

B-\n-s‚- am-k-am-b- d-a-Zm-\n¬- A-√m-lp- \-c-I-hn-ap-‡n- \¬-Ip∂h-

cn¬- H-c-m-fm-Im-\pw- A-h¿-°v- `m-Kyw- e-`n-°p-∂p.-

A-_q-k-Cu-Zp¬- Jp-Zv-cn-- \n-th-Z-\w-:- \-_n-- ]-d-™p-:

""A-Øm-gw- H-c-\p-K-l-am-Ip-∂p.- A-Xn-\m¬- H-cp- C-d-°v- sh≈w-

C-d-°n-s°m-≠m-sW-¶n-epw- \n-ßƒ- A-Xv- D-t]-£n-°m-Xn-cn-°pI.-

F-¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬- A-Øm-gw- I-gn-°p-∂-h¿-°v- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚-

Im-cp-Wy-hpw- a-e-°p-I-fp-sS- ]m¿-Y-\-bpw- e-`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.''-

A-Xn-\m¬- I-cp-Wm-a-b-\m-b- c-£n-Xm-hv- \¬-Ip-∂- a-l-Ømb-

Cu- ]-Xn- -e-sØ- H-cp- k-Xy-hnizm-kn- bm-sXm-cp- Im-c-W-h-imepw-

\-jv-S-s∏-Sp-ØmXn-cn-°m-≥- i-≤n-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.-

\-_n-- ]-d-™p-:

""H-c-p- hn-izm-kn- I-gn-°p-∂- G-‰-hpw- an-I-®- A-Øm-gw- Imc°bm-

Ip-∂p.''(58)

C-\n- H-cmƒ-°v- Im-c-°- e- n-®n-s√-¶n¬- H-cn-d-°v- sh-≈w- IpSn®n-

s´-¶n-epw- A-Øm-g-w- I-gn-°m≥- i-an-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.-

3.- A-Øm-g-w- ]n-¥n-°¬-

]- m-tXm-Z-b-Ø-n-s‚- sXm- p-ap-ºp-≈- k-a-b-tØ-°v- A-Ømgw-

]n-¥n-°-em-Wv- kp-∂-Øm-b- co-Xn.- H-cn-°¬- \-_n--bpw- ssk-Zp-

_v-\p- km-_n-Xv--hpw- A-Øm-g- `-£-Ww- I-g-n-°m-\n-cp-∂p.- c-≠p-

58. A_q-Zm-hqZv(2/303), C_v\p ln∫m≥(223), ss_l-Izn(4/237) hyXy-kvX ]-

c-º-c-I-fn-eqsS A_q-lp-dbv-d-bn¬ \n∂pw D≤-cn-®p. ]c-ºc kzlo-lmWv.

68 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

t]-cpw- A-Øm-g-Øn¬- \n-∂v- hn-c-an-®- ti-jw- d-kq¬-- \akvIcn-

°m-\m-bn- F-gp-t∂-‰p.- A-h¿- A-Øm-gw- A-h-km-\n-∏n-®-Xn-\pw- \-

a-k-v-Im-cw- B-cw- n-®-Xn-\p-an-S-bn¬- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬-\n-∂v- GI-

tZ-iw- A-º-Xv- kq-‡-ßƒ- Hm-Xm-\p-≈- k-a-bw- am-X-am-Wp-≠mbn-

cp-∂-Xv.-

A-\-kv-- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp-∂p-:- ssk-Zp-_v-\p- km-_n-Xv-- ]d-

™p-:

""R-ßƒ- d-kq-en--s\m-∏w- A-Ømgw- I-gn-®p.- ]-n-∂o-Sv- \-akvI-

cn-°m≥- F-gp-t∂-‰p.- Rm≥- tNm-Zn-®p-:- ""-A-h- c-≠n-\p-an-S-bv-°v- FX-

k-a-b-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p?''.- A-t±-lw- ]-d-™p-:- ""A-º-Xv- B-b-Øv- HmXm-

\p-≈- k-a-bw.''(59)

H-cmƒ-°v- ]- m-tXm-Z-b-sØ-°p-dn-®v- kw-i-b-ap-≠m-bm¬- D-d∏m-

Ip-∂-Xp-h-sc- Xn-∂p-I-bpw- Ip-Sn-°p-I-bpw- ssew-Kn-I- _-‘-Ønte¿-

s∏-SpIbpw sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.- F-¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬- A-√m-lphpw-

A-h-s‚- Zq-X-\pw,-- th¿-Xn-cn-®v- a-\- n-em-°m≥- km-[n-°p-∂- k-

abwh-sc- Xn-∂p-I-bpw- Ip-Sn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øm≥- A-\p-hm-Zw- \¬-

In-bn´p≠v.- amXa-√- A-_-≤-hpw- a-d-∂p- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-Xpw- A-

√m-lp- s]mcp-Øs∏´p-X-cp-∂-Xm-Wv.- kw-i-b-ap-≈-bmƒ- hy-‡am-

bn- th¿-Xn-cn®v- a\ n-em-°m≥- km-[n-°m-Ø-h-\m-Wv.- A-Xp-sIm≠v-

D-d-∏p- e-`n°p-∂Xph-sc- A-h-\v- B-lm-c- ]m-\o-b-ßƒ- A-\p-`-hn-

°m-hp-∂-XmWv.-

4. A-Ø-m-g-Øn-s‚- \n-b-a-]-c-am-b- hn-[n-

C-°m-c-W-ß-fm¬- t\m-sº-Sp-°m-\p-t±-in-°p-∂-h-tcm-Sv- AØm-

gw- I-gn-°m≥- ]-hm-N-I≥-- i-‡-a-m-b- m-j-bn¬- I¬-]n®n-´p-≠v.-

\-_n-- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

59. _pJm-cn(4/118), apkvenw(1087).

69\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""t\m-sº-Sp-°m-\p-t±-in-°p-∂-h¿- F-s¥-¶n-epw- A-Øm-g-ambn-

I-gn-®p-sIm-≈-s´.''(60)

a-s‰m-cp- l-Zo-Yn¬- C-ß-s\- Im-Wmw-:

""A-Øm-gw- I-gn-°p-I.- \n-iv-N-b-am-bpw- A-Øm-g-Øn¬- A\pK-

l-ap-≠v.''(61)

]n-s∂- H-cp- k-ap-Zm-b-sa-∂- \n-e-b-n¬- A-Øm-g-Øn-\p- I¬]n-

t°-≠- "]-Z-hn-sb'- A-hn-Sp-\v- C-]-Im-cw- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®p-:-

""\-Ωp-sS-bpw- th-Z-°m-cp-sS-bpw- t\m-ºp-Iƒ-°n-S-bn-se- hyXym-

kw- A-Øm-g- `-£-W-am-Ip-∂p.''

A-sXm-gn-hm-°p-∂-Xv- hn-e-°n-s°m-≠v- \-_n-- ]-d-™p-:-

""A-Øm-g-w- H-cp- A-\p-K-l-am-Ip-∂p.- A-Xn-\m¬- H-cn-d-°v- sh-

≈w- C-d-°n-s°m-≠m-sW-¶n-epw- \n-ßƒ- A-Xv- Dt]£n°mXncn-

°p-I.- F-¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬- A-Øm-gw- I-gn-°p-∂-h¿-°v- A-√mlphn-

s‚- Im-cp-Wyhpw- a-e-°p-I-fp-sS- ]m¿-Y-\-bpw- e- n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.''(62)

a-s‰m-cp- l-ZoYv- Im-Wp-I-:-

60. C_v\p A_o-ssi_x(3/8), Alva-Zv(3/367), A_q-b-Ave(3/438), _ m¿(1/

465) F∂n-h¿ ipssd-°n¬ \n∂pw, At±lw A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p aplΩZn_v-

\n AIzo-en¬ \n∂pw, At±-lw Pm_n-dn¬ \n∂pw D≈ ]c-º-c-bn-eqsS

D≤-cn-®p. ipssd°v Zp¿_-e-\m-Wv. F∂m¬ lm^nfv Xvlp¬ _mcn-(4/

140)bn¬ ]kvXm-hn®-Xp-t]mse kCuZv _v\p a≥kq¿ At±-l-Øns‚

kp\-\n¬ D≤-cn® ap¿k-emb Hcp imln-Zp-≠v. as‰mcp imln-Zv XpS¿∂v

hcp∂p≠v.

61. _pJm-cn(4/120), apkvenw(1090) A\-kn¬ \n∂v.

62. C_v\p A_o-ssi_x(3/8), Alva-Zv(3/12, 3/44) F∂n-h¿ A_q-k-Cu-Zn¬

JpZvcnøn¬ \n∂v aq∂v ]c-º-c-I-fn-eqsS D≤-cn-®-Xv.

70 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""A¬-]-w- sh-≈w- I-p-Sn-®n-´m-sW-¶n-epw- \n-ßƒ- A-Øm-gw- I-

gn-°p-I.''(63)

Cu- hn-j-b-Øn-ep-≈- \-_n--bp-sS- I-¬-]-\-Iƒ- aq-∂v- ImcW-

ß-fm¬- \n¿-_-‘-X-sb- kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂p- F-∂v- Im-Wm-\m-Ipw.-

1) A-Øm-gw- I-gn-°-m-\p-≈- I¬-]-\.-

2)- A-Øm-gw- ap-kv-enw-I-fp-sS- t\m-ºn-s‚- A-S-bm-f-hpw- th-Z-°mcpsS-

t\m-ºn¬- \n-∂pw- A-Xn-s\- th¿-Xn-cp-°-p-∂- L-S-I-hp-am-sW∂-

hn-i-Zo-I-c-Ww.-

3)- A-Øm-gw- H-gn-hm-°p-∂-Xv- hn-e-°n-s°m-≠p-≈- \-_n--bp-sS-

]kv-Xm-h-\.-

C-h-b-X-bpw- A-Øm-g-w- \n¿-_-‘-am-sW-∂-Xn-s‚- hy-‡-amb-

sX-fn-hp-I-fpw- i-‡-am-b- km-£y-ß-fp-am-Ip-∂p.-

h-kv-Xp-X- C-Xm-bn-cn-s°- A-Øm-gw- kp-∂-Øm-sW-∂-Xn-\v-

C-Pv-am-Av- D-s≠-∂v- lm-^n-fv- C-_v-\p-l-P¿ - -Xv-lp¬- _m-cn(4/

139)bn¬- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv- B-iv-N-cy-I-c-am-Wv! A√m-lp-hmWv

Iq-SpX¬ Adn-bp-∂-h≥.

63. A_q-b-Ave(3340) A\-kn¬ \n∂v. AXns‚ ]c-º-cbn¬ ZpAv^p≠v.

C_v\p-ln-∫m≥-(884) D≤-cn® A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p Awdns‚ lZoYv CXn\v

km£n-\n¬°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Cu ]c-º-c-bn¬ IzXm-Z-bpsS "A≥A\'bp-

≠v. lZoYv lk-\m-Wv.

11. t\m-ºp-Im-c≥-

h¿-Pn-t°-≠- Im-cy-ßƒ-

t\m-ºp-Im-c-s‚- A-h-b-h-ßƒ ]-m-]- I¿-a-ß-fn¬-\n-∂pw- \mhv-

sX-dn, -I-f-hv,- I-≈-km-£yw- Xp-S-ßn-b-h-bn¬-\n-∂pw- B-am-i-bw-

A-∂- ]m-\o-b-ß-fn¬-\n-∂pw- Kplym-h-b-h-ßƒ- A-«o-e- ]-hrØn-

I-fn¬-\n-∂pw- "t\m-sº-Sp-°p-tºmƒ'- am-X-sa- A-h≥- b-Ym¿-Y-

t\m-ºp-Im-c-\m-hp-I-bp-≈q.- A-Ø-c-°m¿- kw-km-cn-®m¬- X-s∂-

X-s‚- t\m-ºn-\v- £-Xw- h-cp-Øp-∂- hm-t°m,- ]-h¿-Øn-®m¬- t\m-

ºn-s\- Zp¿-_-e-am-°p-∂- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-tfm- A-h-cn¬-\n-∂p-≠mIp-

∂-X-√.-

C-Xm-Wv- A-√m-lp- \n¿-tZ-in-®- b-Ym¿-Y- t\m-ºv.- A-Y-hm- Ah-

b-h-ßƒ- ]m-]-]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fn¬- \n-∂pw- B-am-i-bw- A-∂- ]m\o-

b-ß-fn¬-\n-∂pw- hn- p-\n¬-°p-I.- A-√m-sX- Xo-‰-bpw- Ip-Sn-bpw- t`mK-

hpw- am-Xw- \n-b-¥n-®-Xp-sIm-≠v- t\m-ºv- ]q-¿-W-am-Ip-I-bn-√. Xo‰-

bpw- Ip-Sn-bpw- t\m-ºn-s\- Zp¿-_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-t]m-se- ]m-]-I-

¿aßƒ- t\m-ºn-s‚- ]-Xn- -e-sØ- \-in-∏n-°p-I-bpw- A-Xp-sIm≠p-

≈- ]-tbm-P-\-w- C-√m-Xm-°p-I-bpw- X-Øz-Øn¬- t\m-sº-Sp-°p∂h-

\m-sW-¶n-epw- -e-Øn¬- A-h-s\- t\m-sºSp-°m-Ø-h-cp-sS- KW-

Ønem-°n-Øo¿-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂-Xm-Wv.--

ti-jv-T-hpw- D-Xv-Ir-jv-S-hp-am-b- kz- m-h-ß-fpƒ-s°m-≈m-\pw- lo-

\-Xzw,- tæ-O-X,- Im¿-°-iyw- Xp-S-ßn-b- Zp¿-Kp-W-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v- AI-

∂p-\n¬-°m-\pw- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-bm-b- t\m-ºp-Im-c-t\m-Sv- ]hmNI-

72 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

≥-- ]-tXy-Iw- \n¿-tZ-in-®n- p-≠v.- C-Ø-cw- \o-N-hr-Øn-I-fn¬-\n∂v-

A-I-∂p- \n¬-°m≥- "hn-izm-kn'- F-√m-bv-t]m-gpw- I¬-]n-°-s∏- h\m-

sW-¶n-eq-w- t\m-ºn-s‚-- th-f-bn¬- Cu- \n-tcm-[-\-ßƒ-°v- Ku-chw-

h¿-[n-°p-∂p.-

X-s‚- t\m-ºn-\v- £-Xw-h-cp-Øp-∂- Zp¿-hr-Øn-I-fn¬-\n-∂v- AI-

∂-p-\n-∂m¬- am-X-sa t\m-ºp-Im-c-\v- t\m-ºn-s‚- ]-Xn-^-e-hpw-

t\m-ºp-sIm-≠v- A-√m-lp- hm-Kv-Zm-\w- sN-bv-X- "X-Jv-h'-bpw- t\SnsbSp-

°m≥- km-[n-°p-I-bp-≈q.- A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

""k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I-tf,- \n-ßƒ-°v- ap-ºp-≈-h-tcm-Sv- I¬-]n-®ncp-

∂-Xv- t]m-se- \n-ßƒ-°pw- t\m-ºv- \n¿-_-‘-am-bn- I¬-]n-°-s∏´ncn-

°p-∂p.- \n-ßƒ- tZm-j-_m-[-sb- kq-£n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-b-sX-

A-Xv.'' (2:183)

a-\p-jy-a-\- v- sN-øm≥- sh-ºp-∂- [m-cm-fw- Zp-jv-]-hr-Øn-Ifn¬-

\n-∂pw- t\m-ºv- A-h-s\- X-S-bn- p- \n-¿-Øp-∂-Xn-\m¬- "X-Jv-h-bnte-

°p-≈'-- am¿-K-hpw- D-]m-[n-bp-am-bn-- t\m-ºv- \n-e-sIm-≈p-∂p.- t\mºp-

Im-c≥- \n¿-_-‘-am-bpw- H-gn-hm-t°-≠- Nn-e- Zp-j-v-]-hr-Øn-I-sf°p-

dn-®v- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°mw- A-Ø-cw- ]-hr-Øn-I-fn¬- sN-∂p-s]-Sm-\√,-

]-Xyp-X- A-h- a-\- n-em-°n- Xn-cp-Øm-\pw- A-h-bn¬-\n-∂v- c-£t\-

Sm-\pw- th-≠n am-Xw.- H-cp- I-hn- h-N-\w- h-f-sc- i-t≤-b-am-Wv-:-

Xn-∑- Rm≥- ]-Tn-®p-;- Xn-∑- ]-h¿-Øn-°m-\-√-

Xn-∑-bn¬- \n-∂pw- c-£-t\-Sm≥- th-≠n- am-Xw-.-

\-∑-bn¬- \n-∂pw- Xn-∑- th¿-Xn-cn-®p-˛

a-\- n-em-°m-Ø-h≥- Xn-∑-bn¬- ]-Xn-®-Xp- X-s∂!-

73\_n-bpsS t\mºv

1.- I-≈-km-£yw

A-_q-lp-d-bv-d-- \-th-Z-\w.- \-_n-- ]-d-™p-:

""hym-Pw- ]-d-bp-∂-Xpw- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-Xpw- H-cmƒ- H-gn-hm-°p∂n-

s√-¶n¬- A-bmƒ- A-∂-]m-\o-b-ßƒ- H-gn-hm-°p-∂-Xn¬ A-√mlp-

hn-\v- bm-sXm-cp- Xm-¬-]-cy-hp-an-√.''(64)

2.- A-\m-h-iy-hpw- A-«o-e-hpw-

A-_q-lp-d-bv-d-- \-th-Z-\w.- \-_n-- ]-d-™p-:

""B-lm-c- ]m-\o-b-ßƒ- h¿-Pn-°¬- am-X-a-√- t\m-ºv.- hy¿Yhpw-

tæ-O-hp-am-b- hm-°p-Iƒ- h¿-Pn-°-em-Wv- (b-Ym¿-Y)- t\m-ºv.- \ns∂-

B-sc-¶n-epw- No-Ø- ]-d-bp-I-tbm- \n-t∂m-Sv- A-hn-th-Iw- Im-Wn°pI-

tbm- sN-bv-Xm¬- "Rm≥- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\m-Wv, Rm≥- t\m-ºp-Imc\m-

Wv'-- F-∂v- (A-h-tc-m-Sv)-- ]-d-bp-I.''(65)-

C-Xn-\m¬- X-s∂- C-Ø-cw- Ip-‰-ß-fn¬- G¿-s∏-Sp-∂-h-sc- \_n-

- i-‡-am-b- m-j-bn¬- Xm-°o-Xp- sN-øp-∂-Xm-bn- Im-Wmw.- COm-

\p-k-c-Ww- H-∂pw- ]-d-bm-Ø- \-_n-- H-cn-°¬- ]-d-™p-:

""[m-cm-fw- t\m-ºp-Im-cp-≠v-;- t\m-ºp-sIm-≠v- A-h¿-°p- e`n°p-

∂ a-n-®w- Zm-l-hpw- hn-i-∏pw- am-X-am-Ip-∂p.''(66)

C-Xn-\p-≈- Im-c-Ww- C-Ø-cw- Zp¿-hr-Øn-Ifn¬- G¿-s∏-Sp-∂h¿-

64. _pJm-cn(4/99).

65. C_v\p Jpssk-a(1996), lmInw(1/430- 431).

66. C_v\p amPx(1/539), Zmcn-an(2/211), Alva-Zv(2/441, 373), ss_l-Izn(4/270)

A_q-lp-dbv-d-bn¬ \n∂v. AXns‚ ]c-ºc kzlo-lm-Wv.

74 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

A-√m-lp- I¬-]n-®- t\m-ºn-s‚- e-£y-hpw- bm-Ym¿-Yy-hpw- a-\- nem-

°n-bn- n-√- F-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-Xn-\m¬- A-Ø-cw- B-fp-Iƒ-°v- AhcpsS-

t\m-ºn-s‚- Kp-W-hpw- ^-e-hpw- X-S-™p-sIm-≠v- A-√m-lp- in-£-

\-¬-Ipw.-(67)

67. ImWpI: A√p-AvepD h¬ a¿Pm≥ oaØ^Iz Asse-ln-ss»Jm\n(707),

cnbm-Zp- zm-en-lo≥(1215).

12. t\m-ºp-Im-c-\v-

A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-b- Imcyßƒ-

A-√m-lp- X-s‚- Z-m--k-∑m¿-°v- \-∑-bp-w- F-fp-∏-hp-am-Wv- D-t±in°p-

∂-s-X-∂pw A-h-sc- ]-bm-k-s∏-Sp-Øm≥- A-√m-lp- Xm¬-]-cy-s∏Sp-

∂n-√- F-∂-Xpw- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\pw- Xn-cp-kp-∂-Øpw- a\ nem°m-

≥- m-Kyw- kn-≤n-®- G-sXm-cmƒ-°pw- A-⁄m-X-a-√m-Ø- h-kv-XpXbm-

Wv.- a-lm-\m-b- ]-hm-N-I≥- t\m-ºp-Im¿-°v- A-\-h-[n- Im-cy-ßƒ

s-N-øm≥ C-f-h-\p-h-Zn-°p-I-bpw- A-h- sN-bv-Xm¬- "Ip-‰w'- ]-‰p-tam-

F-∂- [m-c-W- X-s∂- Xn-cp-Ø-p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p.-- -A-Ø-cw-

Nn-e- Im-cy-ßƒ- k-e-£yw- Xm-sg-- hn-h-cn-°p-∂p-:

1.- h-en-b- A-ip-≤n-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn- kp-_v-ln-t\-cw-h-sc-

Ignb¬-

]-e-t∏m-gpw- ]-hm-N-I≥-- X-s‚- `m-cy-am-tcm-Sv- _-‘-s∏-´-Xp-

aq-ew- h-en-b- A-ip-≤n-°m-c-\m-hp-I-bpw- A-tX- \n-e-bn¬- ]`mXØn-

¬- ]-th-in-°p-I-bpw- D-S-s\- Ip-fn-®v- A-tX- t\m-ºv- Xp-S-cp-I-bpw-

sN-øm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.-

BC-i ,- D-Ωp-k-e-a - F-∂n-h¿- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp-∂p-:

""\-_n-- ssew-Kn-I- th-gv-N- aq-ew- (kz-]v-\- kv-J-e-\w-aq-e-a-√)-

76 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

h-en-b- A-ip-≤n-°m-c-\m-hp-I-bpw- A-tX- \n-e-bn¬- ]-`m-X-Øn¬-

]th-in-°p-I-bpw- ]n-∂o-Sv- Ip-fn-®v- t\m-ºv- Xp-S-cp-I-bp-w- sN-ømdp≠m-

bn-cp-∂p.''-(68)

2.- Z-¥-ip-≤n- h-cp-Ø¬-

""F-s‚- k-aq-l-Øn-\v- ]-bm-k-ap-≠m-Ip-sa-∂-v- Rm≥- -b-s∏´n-

√m-bncp-∂p-sh-¶n¬- hp-Zq-C-s‚- th-f-I-fn-se-√mw- Z-¥-ip-≤n- hcpØm-

≥- Rm≥- I¬-]n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.''(69)

Cu- l-Z-o-Yn¬- \-_n-- t\m-ºp-Im-c-s\-t∂m- A√mØhs\-

t∂m- ]-tXyIw- ]-d-™n-´n-√.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- Z¥-ip≤oIc-

Ww- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\pw- A-√m-Ø-h-\pw- hp-Zq-C-s‚- th-f-Ifn-epw- \akv-

Im-c- k-a-b-ß-fn-epw- Hcp-t]m-se- kp-∂-Øm-sW-∂v- \-sΩ- ]-Tn∏n-

°p-∂p.-(70)

3.- hm-bI-gp-I-epw-- aq-°n-¬- sh-≈w- I-b-‰n-®o-‰-epw-

\-_n-- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ- X-s∂- hm-bn¬- sh≈w-

sIm-≈p-I-bpw- aq-°n¬- sh-≈w-I-b-‰n-®o-‰p-I-bpw- sN-øm-dp-≠m-bncp-

∂p.- ]-t£,- t\m-ºp-Im-c-t\m-Sv- A-h-bn¬- A-Xn-cp-I-hn-bp-∂-Xv- hne-

°n-bn-´p-≠v.-

\-_n-- ]-d-™p-:

""....\o- aq-°n¬- sh≈w- I-b-‰ptºmƒ- A-Xv- \-∂m-bn- sN-øpI;-

t\m-ºp-Im-c-\-s√-¶n¬.''(71)

4.- Npw-_-\-hpw- B-enw-K-\-h-pw-

B-C-i- -bn¬- \n-∂pw- Cu- hn-j-b-Øn¬- kv-Yn-c-s∏- - dnt∏m¿-

68. _pJm-cn(4/123), apkvenw(1109).

69. _pJm-cn(2/311), apkvenw(252).

70. Camw _pJm-cnbpw C_v\p-Jp-ssk-abpw a‰pw Cu A`n-]m-b-°m-cm-Wv.

71. Xn¿an-Zn(3/146), A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(2/308), Alva-Zv(4/32), C_v\p A_o-ssi_x(3/

101), C_v\p amPx(407), \km-C(87) eIzoXzv _v\p kz_vdxbn¬ \n∂v. A-

Xns‚ ]c-ºc kzlo-lm-Wv.

77\_n-bpsS t\mºv

´p-Iƒ- Im-Wmw.- A-h¿- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

""\-_n-- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ- X-s∂- Npw_n°pI-

bpw- B-enw-K-\w- sN-øp-I-bpw- sN-øm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- ]-t£-,- AhnSp-

∂v- \n-ß-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- B-fl-\n-b-¥-W-ap-≈- B-fm-bn-cp-∂p.''(72)

F-∂m¬- Cu- Im-cy-ßƒ- hr-≤¿-°v- A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-hpw- bphm°-

ƒ-°v- A-\-`n-e-j-Wo-b-hp-am-Ip-∂p.-

Aw-dp-_v-\p¬- B-kzv--hn¬- \n-∂pw- \n-th-Z\w-.- A-t±-lw- ]d-

™p-:

""R-ßƒ- \-_n--bp-sS- k-∂n-[n-bn¬- C-cn-°p-tºmƒ- H-cp- bp-

hm-hv- h-∂v- \-_n--tbm-Sv- tNm-Zn-®p-:- "]-hm-N-I-tc-!- t\m-ºp-Im-c\mbn-

cn-°p-tºmƒ- F-\n-°v- Npw-_n-°p-hm≥- A-\p-hm-Z-ap-t≠m?'-- \-_n-]-d-™p-: "C-√-!'.- A-[n-Iw- I-gn-bp-∂-Xn-\p- ap-ºv- H-cp- hr-≤≥- h-∂p-

tNm-Zn-®p-:- ""]-hm-N-I-tc-!- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ- F-\n-°v-

Npw-_n-°p-hm≥- A-\p-hm-Z-ap-t≠m?'-- \-_n-- ]-d-™p-: "A-sX-!'.- C-

Xp-tI-´-v- R-ß-fn¬- Nn-e¿- Nn-e-sc- (B-iv-N-cy-tØm-sS)- t\m-°n.

A-t∏mƒ- \-_n-- ]-d-™p-: "\n-iv-N-bw-!- hr-≤-\v- X-s‚- tZ-l-sØ-

\n-b-¥n-°m≥- km-[n-°pw.''(73)

72. _pJm-cn(4/131), apkvenw(1106).

73. Alva-Zv(2/185, 221) C_v\p epssl-A-bn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw bkoZv _v\p

A_o l_o-_n¬ \n∂pw, ssIzkz¿ AØp-ssP-_n-bn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw

A_vZp-√mlv _v\p Awdv _v\n¬ Bkzv \n∂pw D≈ ]c-º-c-bn-eqsS D-

≤-cn-®-Xv. C_v\p epssl-A- ImcWw Cu lZoYv ZCu- m-Wv. Cu lZoYn\v

Xz_vdm\n apAvPap¬ I_o-dn(11040)¬ l_o_v _v\p A_o-Ym-_n-Xn¬

78 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

5-. B-lm-c- ]m-\o-b-ß-fp-sS- -ew- D-t±-in-°m-Ø- IpØnsh-

∏p-Iƒ(74)

C-Ø-cw- Ip-Øn-sh-∏-p-Ifpw- ]-cn-ti-m-[-\-°m-bn- c‡saSp°-

epw--- t\m-ºp- ap-d-n-bp-∂- Im-cy-ß-fn¬- s]-Sp-∂n-√.- I-q-Sp-X¬- hniZoI-

c-Ww- ti-jw- h-cp-∂p-≠v.-

6.- sIm-ºp-sh-°¬-

sIm-ºp-sh-°¬- t\m-ºpap-dn-°p-∂- Im-cy-ß-fn¬- F-Æ-s∏´Xm-

bn-cp-∂p.- ]n-∂o-Sv- B- \n-b-aw- H-gn-hm-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- t\m-ºp-Imc\m-

bn-cn-s°- ]-hm-N-I≥-- A-Xv- \-S-Øp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xn- p-≠v.- C_v\p-

A-∫m-kv-- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

""\-_n-- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\m-bn-cn-s°- sImºp-sh-®n-´p-≠v.''-(75)

7.- -£-Ww- cp-Nn-®pt\m-°-¬-

sXm-≠-bn-te-°v- F-Ø-cp-Xv- F-∂- \n-_-‘-\-tbm-sS- -£W-

Øn-s‚- cp-Nn- t\m-°¬- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\v- A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-Wv.- -C_v\p-

A-∫m-kv--hn¬- \n-∂pw- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-ø-s∏-Sp-∂p-:

""kp¿-°-tbm- a-s‰-s¥-¶n-epw- -£-W- ]-Zm¿-Y-ß-tfm- cpNn®p-

t\m-°p-∂-Xn¬- hn-tc-m-[-an-√-;- A-Xv- sXm-≠-h-sc- FØnbmsemgn-

sI.''(76)

\n∂pw, At±lw apPm-ln-Zn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw C_v\p A∫m-kn¬ \n-

∂pw D≤-cn-°p∂ Hcp imln-Zp-≠v. F∂m¬ l_o_v apZ-√n-km-Wv. At±lw

"A≥-A\' \S-Øn. Cu lZoYv lk-\m-Wv. thsd Nne ]c-º-c-I-fp-ap≠Xn-

\v. ImWpI: A¬^-Izolp e¬ apX-^-Izn-lv(]pd-ßƒ 192-˛193).

74. ImWpI: ssiJv A_vZp¬ Akokn_v\p _mkns‚ cnkm-e-Xm\n aqPk-

Xm\n n -ImØn h znbmw(]pdw 23).

75. _pJm-cn(4/155˛^Xvlp¬ _mcn). ImWpI: C_v\p imlo-\ns‚ \mknJp¬

lZoYn h a≥ko-JpJp(]pd-ßƒ 334- 338).

76. Camw _pJmcn(4/154˛^Xvlp¬ _mcn) "XAveoIzm'bn D≤cn-®p. C_v\p

A_o-ssi_x(3/47)bpw ss_l-Izn(4/261)bpw c≠v ]c--º-c-I-fn-eqsS C_v\p

A∫m-kn¬ \n∂pw D≤-cn-®p. AXv lk-\m-Wv. ImWpI: XKveoIzpØAv-

eoIv(3/151- 152).

79\_n-bpsS t\mºv

8.- kp-dp-a-bn-S-epw- I-Æn¬- a-cp-∂v- C-‰n-°-epw-

a-cp-∂n-s‚-tbm- kp-dp-a-bp-sS-tbm- cp-Nn- sXm-≠-bn¬- FØnbm-

epw- C-h- c-≠pw- t\m-ºp- ap-dn-°p-∂- Im-cy-ß-f-√.- Cu- A- n]mbam-

Wv- ssi-Jp¬- C-kv-emw- C-_v-\p-ssX-an-b- X-s‚- l-Jo-J-Xp uav

(t\m-ºn-s‚-- bm-Ym¿-Y-y-w)- F-∂- Ir-Xn-bn-epw- C-_v-\p¬ Jønw -

X-s‚- km-Zp¬- a-B-Znepw- (]-c-tem-I-tØ-°p-≈- ]m-tY-bw)- tcJ-

s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≈-Xv.- C-amw- _p-Jm-cn- X-s‚- kz-lo-ln¬- tcJs∏-

Sp-Øp-∂p-:

""kp-dp-a-bn-Sp-∂-Xv t\m-ºp-Im-c-\v- Ip-g-∏-an-s√-∂- ]-£-°m-cmWv

]-ap-J- ]-fin-X-∑m-cm-b- l-k≥,- A-\-kv,- C-_v-dm-low- F∂nh-

¿.''(77)

9.- I-p-fn-bpw- sh-≈w- tZ-l-Øv- H-gn-°-epw-

C-amw- _-p-Jm-cn- X-s‚- Pm-an-D- z-lo-ln¬-(78) "t\m-ºp-Im-c-s‚-

Ip-fn'- F-∂- io¿-j-I-Øn¬- H-cp- A-[ym-bw- X-s∂- sIm-Sp-Øn´p≠v.

A-_v-Zp-√m-ln-_v-\p- D-a¿-- t\m-ºp-Im-c-\m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ- hkv-

Xw- \-\-®v- tZ-l-Øv- C-Sm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- C-amw- i-Av-_n- t\m-ºp-

Imc\m-bn-cn-s°- I-p-fn-∏p-c-bn¬- Ip-fn-°m-\m-bn- t]mImdp≠mbncp-

∂p.- ]ap-J- Xm-_n-Cu- ]-fin-X-\-m-b- l-k≥- _-kz-cn-- ]-dbp∂p:

""hm-bn¬- sh-≈w- I-b-‰-epw- (sIm-πn-°¬)- X-Wp-∏p- In-´m≥

tZlw- \-\-°-epw- t\m-ºp-Im-c-s‚- t\m-ºn-\v-- Ip-g-∏w- hcpØp∂X-

77, 78. _qJmcn(4/154˛^Xvlp¬ _mcn). Rß-fpsS Kpcp ssiJv A¬_m\nbpsS

apJvX-kzdp kzlo-ln¬ _pJmcn(451)bpw lm^n-Zns‚ XKveoIzpØAveoIpw-

(3/152˛153) ImWpI.

80 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

√.''

""\-_n-- t\m-ºp- th-f-bn¬- Zm-lw- Im-c-W-Øm-epw- Nq-Sv- ImcW-

Øm-epw- tZ-l-Øv- sh-≈w- tIm-cn-H-gn-°-m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.''-(79)

79. A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(2365), Alva-Zv(5/376, 380, 408, 430). AXns‚ ]c-ºc kzlolmWv.

13. A-√m-lp-

Ff-p-∏w- D-t-±-in-°p-∂p-

-1.- bm-X-°m-c≥-

bm-X-°m-c-\v- t\m-sºSp-°m-\pw- H-gn-hm-°m-\p-ap-≈- kzmX-

¥yw- A-√-m-lp- A-\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø- Im-c-yw- A-t\-Iw- kz-lolmb-

l-Zo-Yp-I-fn-eq-sS- dn-t∏m¿-´v- sN-ø-s∏-´n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv.- C-tX- Im-cyw-

hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B≥- ]-cm-a¿-in-®-Xv- hm-b-\-°m¿- Hm¿-°p-∂p-≠mIpa-

t√m.- A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂p:-

""B-sc-¶n-epw- tcm-Kn-bm-hp-I-tbm- bm-X-bn-e-mh-p-I-tbm- sNbv-

Xm¬ ]-I-cw- A-X-bpw- F-Æw- t\m-sº-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- \n-ßƒ°v-

B-izm-kw- h-cp-Øm-\m-Wv- A-√m-lp- D-t±-in-°p-∂-Xv.- \n-ßƒ-°v-

sR-cp-°w- h-cp-Øm≥- D-t±-in-°p-∂n-√.-''- (2:-185)

lw-k-Xp-_v-\p¬- Aw-dn¬- A-k-v-e-an-- \-_n--tbm-Sv- tNm-Zn®p:-

""F-\n-°v- bm-X-bn¬- t\m-sº-Sp-°-tam?''- ]-hm-N-I≥-- ]-d-™p:

82 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""\n-\-°v- t\m-sºS-p-°m≥- Xm¬]-cy-ap-s≠-¶n¬- t\msºSp°p-

I. t\m-sºm-gn-hm-°m-\m-Wv- Xm¬-]-cy-sa-¶n¬- -H-gn-hm-°p-I-bpw-

sN-ømw.''(80)

A-\-kv-_v-\p- am-en-Iv--hn¬- \n-∂v- \n-th-Z-\w-.- A-t±-lw- ]-d-

™p-:

""Rßƒ- \-_n--tbm-sSm-∏w- \n-c-h-[n- bm-X-Iƒ- sN-bv-Xn´p≠v.-

A-t∏mƒ- A-hn-Sp-∂v- t\m-sº-Sp-°m-Ø-Xn-s‚- t]-cn¬- t\m-sºSpØ-

h-sc-tbm,- t\m-sº-Sp-Ø-Xn-s‚- t]-cn¬- t\m-sº-Sp-°m-Ø-h-sctbm-

X-cw- Xn-cn-®v- B-t£-]n-®n-cp-∂n-√.''(81)

Cu- l-Zo-Yp-Iƒ- t\m-ºv- A-\p-jv-T-n-°-W-tam- th-≠-tbm- F∂v-

sX-c-s™-Sp-°p-hm-\p-≈- kzm-X-¥yw- \¬-Ip-∂p-sh-∂-X-√m-sX-

G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-∂v- ti-jv-T-am-sW-∂-v- kq-N-\- \¬-Ip-∂n-√.- F-∂m¬-

hym-]-Im¿-Y-ap-≈-- a-‰p- Nn-e- l-Zo-Yp-I-fp-sS- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-Øn¬- bm-

X-°m-c≥- t\m-sºm-gn-hm-°p-∂-Xm-Wv- D-Ø-aw- F-∂v- kvYncs∏Sp∂p-

≠v.- \-_n- ]-d-™-p-:

""A-√m-lp- A-h-s\- [n-°-cn-°p-∂-Xv- sh-dp-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-

A-h-s‚- C-f-hp-Iƒ- ]-m-h¿-Øn-I-am-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- C-jv-S-s∏-Sp-∂p.''(82)-

a-s‰m-cp- \n-th-Z-\-Øn¬:

""A-√m-lp- A-h-s‚- \n¿-_-‘- I¬-]-\-Iƒ- \-S-∏m-°-s∏-Sp∂Xv-

C-jv-S-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp- t]m-se''(83) F∂mWp≈Xv.

80. _pJm-cn(4/156), apkvenw(1121).

81. _pJm-cn(4/163), apkvenw(1118).

82. Alva-Zv(2/108), C_v\p ln∫m≥(2742) F∂n-h¿ kzlo-lmb k\-tZm-Sp

IqSn C_v\p Da-dn¬ \n∂v D≤-cn-®p.

83. C_v\p ln∫m≥(354), _ m¿(990), Xz_vdm\n apAvPap¬ I_o-dn(11881)epw

kzlo-lmb k\-tZm-Sp-IqSn C_v\p A∫m-kn¬ \n∂v D≤-cn-®p.

83\_n-bpsS t\mºv

]-t£,- Cu- ]-d-™- kzm-X-¥yw- A-Zm-Av- (k-a-b-Øv)- Bbpw-

J-Zm-Av- (k-a-bw- I-gn-™v)- B-bpw- t\m-sº-Sp-°m≥- ]-tXy-I ]bm-

k-an-√m-Ø-h¿-°m-bn- ]-cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xv- A-\n-hm-cy-am-Wv.- F-

∂m¬- am-X-sa- "kzm-X-¥y'-Øn-s‚- hn-]-co-X-^-ew- D-≠m-°p-∂-

km-l-N-cyw- C-√m-Xn-cn-°q.-

A-_q-k-Cu-Zp¬- Jp-Zv-cn- -bp-tS-Xm-bn- dn-t∏m¿-´v- sN-ø-s∏-´-

A-`n-]m-bw- Cu- Im-cyw- kw-i-b-Øn-\n-S-bn-√m-Ø- hn-[w- hy‡am-

°p-∂p≠v.- A-t±-lw- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

""(bm-X-bn¬)- t\m-sº-Sp-°m≥- ti-jn-bp-≈-h¿- t\m-º-\p-jvTn-

°p-∂-Xpw- t\m-º-\p-j-Tn-°m≥- km-[n-°m-Ø-h¿- t\m-º-\p-jv-Tn°m-

Xn-cn-°-ep-a-m-Wv- ]p-Wy-I-cw- F-∂- A- n-]m-b-°m-cm-bn-cp-∂p- kzlm-

_n-I-sf-√mw.''(84)

_-lp-am-\y-\m-b- hm-b-\-°m-c≥- H-cp-Im-cyw- C-hn-sS- i-cn-°pw-

a-\- n-em-t°-≠-Xp-≠v A-√m-lp- Im-cy-ßƒ- b-Ym-hn-[n- a-\- nem-

°p-h-m-\pw- `-‡n-bp-sS-bpw- \-∑-bp-sS-bpw- am¿-K-Øn¬- D-d-®p- \ne-

sIm-≈p-hm-\pw- \-ap-°v- m-Ky- X-c-s - A-Y-hm- bm-X-bn¬- t\msº-

Sp-°p-∂-Xv- H-cm-sf- kw-_-‘n-®v- ]-bm-k-I-c-am-b- Im-cy-am-sW-¶n¬-

A-Ø-cw- B-fp-Iƒ- t\m-sº-Sp-°p-∂-Xv- ]p-Wy-I-c-a-s√-∂v- am-Xa√,-

A-h¿- t\m-sºm-gn-hm-°p-∂-Xm-W-v- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- ]o-Xn- t\-Sm≥-

G-sd- k-lm-b-I-cw.- H-∂n-e-[n-Iw- kz-lm-_n-I-fn¬-\n-∂pw- \nthZ-

\w- sN-ø-s∏- - A-Y-hm- (bm-X-bn¬- t\m-º-\pjv-

Tn-°p-∂-Xv- ]p-Wy-I-c-a-√)-(85) F-∂- \-_n-h-N-\w- ta¬- hn-i-Zo-IcW-

sØ- km-£o-I-cn-°p-∂p.

84. Xn¿an-Zn(713), _Khn(1763) A_q-k-Cu-Zn¬ JpZvcnbn¬ \n∂pw D≤-cn-®p.

CXns‚ ]c-º-c- ˛ A¬ Ppssd-cnøv Ds≠-¶n¬ t]mepw ˛ kzlo-lm-Wv.

F∂m¬ A¬ CPvenbpw a‰pw ]d-™-Xp-t]mse At±-l-Øn¬ \n∂pw

A_vZp¬ AAve \nth-Z\w sNøp-∂-XmWv G‰hpw kzlo-lm-bn- p-≈-Xv.

85. _pJm-cn(4/161), apkvenw(1115) Pm_n-cn¬ \n∂v D≤-cn-®p.

84 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

H-cp- D-W¿-Ø¬- (Xn-cp-Øv)-

\mw- Po-hn-°p-∂- C-°m-e-L- -Øn¬- bm-X-bn¬- t\m-sºmgnhm-

°m≥- ]m-Sn-s√-∂v- Nn-e-bm-fp-Iƒ- sX-‰n-≤-cn-®n-´p-≠v.- A-h¿- A√m-

lp- A-\p-h-Zn-®- C-f-h-\p-k-cn-®v- bm-X-bn¬- t\-m-sºm-gn-hm-°p-∂-

h-sc B-t£-]n-°m-dp- t]m-ep-ap-≠v.- a-‰p-Nn-e¿- K-Xm-K-X- kuIcyß-

ƒ-- h¿-[n-°p-I-bpw- bm-Xmt¢-i-ßƒ- e-Lq-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sNbv-

X- C-°m-e-Øv- t\m-sº-Sp-°p-∂-Xm-Wv- D-Ø-aw- F-∂- hm-Z-°mcmWv.-

Zr-iym-Zr-i-y-ß-f-dn-bp-∂- ]-]-©- \m-Y-s‚- h-N-\-ß-fn-te-°v- CØ-

c-°m-cp-sS- i-≤- \mw- £-Wn-°p-I-bm-Wv.- A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂p:

""\n-s‚-- \m-Y≥- H-∂pw- a-d-∂n´n-√.''- (19:-64)

""A-√m-lp- F-√mw- a-\- n-em-°p-∂p.- \n-ßƒ- H-∂pw- (b-Ymhn[n)-

a-\- n-em-°p-∂n-√.''- (2:-232)

bm-X-°m-c-\pw- tcm-Kn-°pw- C-f-hv- A-\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm-≠v- A-√m-

lp- ]-d-bp-∂-Xp- X-s∂

""A-√m-lp- \n-ßƒ-°v- F-fp-∏-am-Wv- D-t±-in-°p-∂-Xv,- \n-ß-sf-

]-bm-k-s∏-Sp-Øm≥- A-h≥- D-t±-in-°p-∂n-√''- (2:-85)- F-∂m-Wv.-

A-Y-hm- bm-X-°m-c-\v- kp-J-hpw- ku-I-cy-hpw e- n-°m≥- Xs∂bm-

Wv- Cu- C-f-hp-Iƒ- A-√m-lp- A-\p-h-Zn-®n- p-≈-Xv.- C-Xn-s\-√m-ap]cn-

C-kv-emw- \-ap-°v- a-X-am-bn- \n-iv-N-bn-®p- X-∂- A-√m-lp- X-s∂bmWv-

kv-Y-e- Im-e-ß-fp-sS-bpw- a-\p-jy-c-S-°-ap-≈- kr-jv-Sn-Pm-e-ß-fp-sSbpw-

k-jv-Sm-hv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠v- A-h-cp-sS- B--h-iy-ß-sf-°p-dn-®pw Bsc-

°m-fpw- \-∂m-bn- A-dn-bp-∂-h≥- A-h≥-X-s∂-bm-Ip-∂p.- A-√m-lp-

]-d-™p-:-

85\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""kr-jv-Sn-®p-≠m-°n-b-h≥- (F-√mw)- A-dn-bp-I-bn-t√?- A-h≥-

\n-Kq-V- c-l-ky-ßƒ- A-dn-bp-∂-h-\pw- kq-£v-a- ⁄m\nbpamIp-

∂p.''- (67:-14)

H-cp- Im-cyw- A-√m-lp-thm- A-h-s‚- Zq-X-t\m- \-S-]-Sn-I-a-am-bn-

\n-iv-N-bn-®p-X-∂m¬- ]n-s∂- A-°m-cy-Øn¬- H-scm-‰- ap-kv-en-an-

\pw- Xm-¥m-ß-fp-sS- C-jv-Sm-\p-k-c-Ww- ]-h¿-Øn-°m≥- A-h-Im-

i-an-s√-∂- Im-cyw- Hm¿-an-∏n-°m≥- th-≠n- am-X-am-Wv- Cu- hn-j-

bw- C-X-b-[n-Iw- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®-Xv.- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- hn-[n- h-∂m¬-

]n-s∂- ]q-¿-h-kq-cn-I-fm-b- ]-fin-X-∑m¿- ]-d-™-Xp-t]m-se;-

""\m-Ym-!- R-ßƒ- tI-´p,- A-\p-k-c-n-®p,- \n-s‚- am-∏m-Wv- R-ß-

fp-sS- tX-´w,- \-n-∂n-te-°p- X-s∂-bm-Wv- a-S-°-hpw-'' (2:-215)- F-∂p-

]-d-bp-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw- b-Ym¿-Y- hn-izm-kn.

2. tcm-Kn-

tc-m-Kn-°v- "F-fp-∏w-' e- n-°m-\pw- tcm-K-Øn-s‚-- Zp-cn-Xw- e-LqIcn-

°m-\pw- A-Xn-ep-]-cn- tcm-Kn-tbm-Sp-≈- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- I-cp-W-bpsS-

t]-cn-epw- tcm-Kn-Iƒ-°v- t\m-sºm-gn-hm-°m≥- A-√m-lp- A-\p-hmZw-

\¬-In.- t\m-sº-Sp-°p-∂-Xp-aq-ew- tcm-K-im-¥n-°v- Im-e-Xm-a-kw-

t\-cn-Sp-I-tbm-- tcm-K-h¿-[-\- -b-°p-I-tbm- tcm-Kn-°-v- im-co-cn-I £-

Xw- h-cp-Øp-I-tbm- sN-øp-∂- X-c-Øn-ep-≈- tcmKßfp≠mIptºm-

gmWv- A-h¿-°-v- t\msºm-gn-hm-°m≥- A-\p-hm-Z-ap-≈-Xv.-

3. B¿-Ø-h-Im-cn-bpw- ]-k-hn-®p-In-S-°p-∂-h-fpw- ---

B¿-Ø-h-Im-cn-°pw- ]-k-h-c‡w- h-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂hƒ-

°pw t\m-sº-Sp-°m≥- ]m-Sn-s√-∂- Im-cy-Øn¬- ]-fin-X-tem-Iw-

G-Im- n-]m-b-°m-cm-Wv.- A-h¿- t\m-sºm-gn-hm-°p-I-bpw- A-ip-≤nbp-

sS- L- w- I-gn-™-ti-jw- t\m-ºp-Iƒ- J-Zm-ho- p-I-bp-am-Wv- th≠Xv.-

-A-ip-≤n-bp-sS- L-´-Øn¬- A-h¿- t\m-sº-Sp-Øm¬- t]m-epw- A-Xv-

86 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

km-[p-hm-Ip-∂-X-√.-

4.- h-tbm-hr-≤-\pw- h-tbm-hr-≤-bpw-

C-_v-\p- A-∫m-kv-- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

""h-tbm-hr-≤-\pw- h-tbm-hr-≤-°-pw t\m-sº-Sp-°m≥- km-[n-°pI-

bn-√.- A-Xn-\m¬- Hm-tcm- Zn-h-k-sØ- t\m-ºn-\pw- ]-I-cw- A-h¿- H-

cp- km-[p-hn-\v- B-lm-cw- \¬-tI-≠-Xm-Wv''(86)

C-amw- Zm-dIzp-Xzv-\n-(2/207) a≥kqdns‚ ]c-º-c-bn-eqsS ap-Pmln-

Zn ¬-\n-∂v-- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp∂p:

"sR-cp-ßn-s°m-≠p- am-Xw- A-Xn-\v- (t\m-ºn-\v)- km-[n-°p∂h-

¿- H-cp- ]m-h-s∏- -h-\p-≈- -£-Ww- ]m-b-iv-Nn-Ø-am-bn- \¬-tI≠Xm-

Wv'- F-∂- B-b-Øv- Hm-Xn-s°m-≠v- C-_v-\p- A-∫m-kv-- ]-d-™p:

""t\m-sº-Sp-°m≥- km-[-n-°m-Ø-Xp-aq-ew- t\m-sºm-gn-hm-°n-b-

h-tbm-hr-≤-cm-Wv- Cu- ]-d-™-Xn-s‚- D-t±-iw.- A-h¿- Hm-tcm Znhk-

Øn-\pw- ]-I-cw- A-c- kzm-Av- tKm-X-ºv- `-£-W-w- km-[p-°ƒ-°v-

B-lm-c-am-bn- \¬-tI-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.''

A-_q-lp-d-bv-d--bn¬ -\n-∂pw- \n-th-Z-\w-:

86. _pJm-cn(4505) ImWpI: id-lp- p∂x(6/316), Xvlp¬ _mcn(8/180), s\bvep-

¬ Hu-Xzm¿(4/315), C¿hm-D¬ Keo¬(4/22- 25). A¬ CPvam-C(129)¬ C_v\p¬

ap≥Zn¬ C∆n-j-b-I-ambn CPvam-Av Xs∂ D≤-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.

87\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""hm¿-[-Iyw- ]n-Sn-s]- -Xp- \n-an-Øw- d-a-Zm-\n¬- hXa\pjvTn°m-

≥- km-[n-°m-Ø-h¿- Hm-tcm- Zn-h-k-Øn-\pw- H-cp- ap-±v- tKm-X-ºv- `-

£-Ww- ]-m-h-s∏-´-h¿-°v- \¬-tI-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.''(87)

A-\-kv-_v-\p- am-en-In-¬- \n-∂v- \n-th-Z-\w-:

""H-cp- h¿-jw- d-a-Zm-\n¬- h-X-a-\p-jv-Tn-°p-∂-Xn-\v- A-t±-l-Øn\v-

£o-W-w- X-S- -am-bn.- A-Xn-\v- ]m-b-—n-Ø-am-bn- "k-co-Zn' (]tXy-

I X-c-w- A-d-_n- sdm- n)-s‚- X-fn-I- X-bm-dm-°p-I-bpw- ap-∏-Xv- km[p-

°-sf- hn-fn-®v- h-b-dp-\n-d-bpw-h-sc- A-h-sc- -£n-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sNbv-

Xp.''(88)

5. K¿- n-Wn-bpw- ap-e-bq- p-∂-h-fpw-

Zp¿-_-e- P-\-hn- m-K-ß-ƒ-°v- t\m-sºm-gn-hm-°m≥- C-f-h-\p-hZn-

®-Xv- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- a-l-Øm-b- Im-cp-Wy-am-Ip-∂p.- C-Ø-c-w- Zp¿_e-

hn-`m-K-ß-fn¬- s]-Sp-∂-h-cm-Wv- K¿-`n-Wn-I-fpw- ap-e-bq-´p-∂-h-cpw.-

A-\-kp-_v-\p- am-en-Iv-(89) ]-d-bp-∂p-:-

87. Zmd-IzpXzv\n(2/208). AXns‚ ]c-º-c-bn¬ A_vZp-√mlv _v\p kzmenlv

Fs∂m-cm-fp-≠v. At±lw ZCu- m-Wv. F∂m¬ Cu lZo-Yn\v km£n-\n¬-

°p∂ lZo-Yp-I-fp-≠v.

88. Zmd-IzpXzv\n(2/207). AXns‚ k\Zv kzlo-lm-Wv.

89. Ct±lw A¬ IAv_nøv BWv. \_n-bpsS ]cn-Nm-c-I-\mb A\kv _v\p

amenIv A¬ A≥kzm-cn-b-√. _\q A_vZn-√m-ln_v\n IAv_n¬s]´

Hcm-fm-Wn-t±-lw. _kz-d-bn¬ h∂v Xma-kn-®p. \_n-bn¬ \n∂v Htc-sbmcp

lZoYv amXw \nth-Z\w sNbvXp. AXv Cu lZo-Ym-Wv. ImWpI: C_v\p

-l-P-dns‚ A¬ Ckzm_x o XwCu-kn- z-lm_x(1/114- 115), lm^nZv Zl-

_n-bpsS XPvcoZp Akvam-C- z-lm_x(1/31).

88 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""\-_n--bp-sS- Ip-Xn-c-∏- m-fw- a-[ym-lv-\- hn-i-a-Øn-\m-bn- Rß-

fp-sS- Xm-a-k- kv-Y-e-Øv- F-Øn-t®¿-∂p.- D-S-s\- Rm≥- \-_n-bpsS-

A-Sp-tØ-°v- (Im-Wm-\m-bn)- sN-∂p.- A-hn-Sp-∂v- A-t∏mƒ- D-®-`-

£-Ww- I-gn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- \-_n-- ]-d-™p-:- "ASp-

Øp- h-∂n-cp-∂v- -£-Ww- I-gn-°q'.- Rm≥- ]-d-™p-:- "Rm≥- t\mºp-

Im-c-\m-W-v'.- A-hn-Sp-∂p- ]-™p-:- "F-∂m¬- A-Sp-Øp- h-∂n-cn-°q.-

t\m-ºn-s\-°p-dn-®v- Rm≥- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®p- X-cmw' (Xp-S¿-∂v- ]-d-™p)

"A-√m-lp- bm-X-°m-c-\v- \-a-kv-Im-c-Øn-s‚- ]-Ip-Xn-bpw- -K¿`nWn-

°pw-- ap-e-bq- p-∂-h-ƒ-°pw- t\m-ºpw- H-gn-hm-°n-s°m-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p'

A-√m-lp k-Xy-w.- Cu- c-≠p- hn- m-K-sØ-°p-dn-®pw- \-_n-- ]-d™p-

F-∂m-sW-s‚-- Hm¿-a.- A-s-√-¶n¬ H-cm-sf-°p-dn-s®-¶n-epw- ]-d-™n´p-

≠v.- A-∂v- \-_n--tbm-sSm-∏w- -£-Ww- I-g-n-°m-Xn-cp-∂-Xv A_≤-

hpw- A-hn-th-I-hp-am-bn Rm-\n-∂v- a-\- n-em-°p-∂p.''(90)

90. Xn¿an-Zn(715), \km-Cu(4/180), A_q-Zm-hqZv(2408), C_v\p- amPx(1667). Camw

Xn¿anZn ]d-™-Xp-t]mse Cu lZo-Yns‚ k\Zv lk-\m-Wv.

14. t\m-ºp-Xp-d-°¬-

1.- t\mºpXpdt°≠sXt∏mƒ?-

""]n-s∂- \n-ßƒ- cm-Xn-h-sc- t\m-ºv- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°p-I'' F-∂-

Jp¿-B≥- h-N-\-Øn-s‚- Xm¬-]-cyw- cm-Xn-bp-sS- B-K-a-\-hpw- ]Ien-

s‚-- ]n≥-hm-ß-epw kq-cy-In-c-W-ß-fp-sS- A-kv-X-a-b-hp-am-sW-∂v-

]-hm-N-I≥-- \¬-In-b- hn-i-Zo-I-c-Ww-,- Xn-cp-N-cy- Po-hn-X-hXam°n-

b- hn-izm-kn-Iƒ-°v- hy-‡-a-m-Ipw- hn-[-Øn¬-- ap-ºv- hn-i-Zo-I-cn®Xv-

hm-b-\-°m¿- Hm¿-°p-a-t√m.

]n-b- hm-b-\-°-m-cm-!- C- v-Xm¿- kw-_-‘-am-b- Xn-cp-sam-gn-Iƒ-

hm-bn-°p-I-bpw- A-hn-Sp-sØ- \n-jv-Ir-jv-T- \n-e-]m-Sp-I-fpw- \-S-]SnI-

a-ß-fpw- a-\- n-em-°p-I-bw- kz-lm-_n-I-fp-sS- ]-h¿-Ø-\- co-XnIsf-

°p-dn-®v- ]-Tn-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-X- \n-e-bv-°v,- A-h-sc-√mw- sN-bv-X-

t]m-se- \-_n-N-cy-tbm-Sv- Xm-Zm-flyw- ]m-]n-°m≥- Xm-¶-fpw- ]cnian-

°p-I.-

hn-iz-]-kn-≤- l-ZoYv- ]-fin-X≥- lm-^n-Zv-- C-_v-\p- l-P¿

X-s‚- -Xv-lp¬- _m-cn-bn(4/199)-epw ssl-Y-an- a-Pv-aD- -hm-Pndn(3/

154)-epw- i-cn-bm-sW-∂v- Fg-p-Xn-b- H-cp- l-Zo-Y-v- C-amw- A-_v-Zp¿dkmIzv-

- X-s‚- ap-kz-∂- n(7591)¬- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv- Im-Wp-I-:- Awdn_v-

\p- ssa-aq-\p¬- Hu-Zn¬-\n-∂v- \n-th-Z-\w-.- A-t±-lw- ]-d-™p:-

90 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n--bp-sS- in-jy-∑m¿- t\-mºp-Xp-d-°p-∂- ImcyØn-

¬- [r-Xn- Im-Wn-°p-∂-h-cpw- A-Øm-gw- Xm-a-kn-∏n-®v- I-gn-°p-∂hcp-

am-bn-cp-∂p.''

2. k-a-b-am-bm-ep-S≥- t\m-ºp-Xp-d-°¬-

k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-bm-b-- kp-lr-tØ, kq-cym-kv-X-a-bw- \n-\-°v-

t_m-[y-am-bm¬- ssh-Im-sX- \o- t\m-ºv- Xp-d-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- B-

k-a-b-Øv- N-I-hm-f-Øn-¬- _m-°n-bp-≈- Np-h-∏p-\n-dw- \o- Imcyam-

t°-≠-Xn-√.- C-]-Im-cw- \-o- ]-h¿-Øp-°p-tºm-tg- \n-s‚- ]-hmNI-

s\-- \o- ]n-¥p-S-cp-∂-Xm-bpw- Pp-X,-- In-kv-Xo-b- a-Xm-Nm-c-ß-tfm-Sv-

FXn-cp- ]-h¿-Øn-®-Xm-bpw- hn-e-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≈-q.- A-h¿- kq-

cy-\-kv-X-an-°p-∂- t\-c-Øv- - t\m-ºp-Xp-d-°m-sX- \-£-X-ßƒ- sXfn-

™p- Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂- t\-c-tØ-°v- A-Xn-s\- ]n-¥n-°m-dm-Wv- ]Xnhv.-

F-∂m¬- \-_n-N-cy- A-\p-[m-h-\w- sN-øp-∂-Xn-eq-sS- a-X-Øn-s‚-

A-S-bm-f-ß-sf-- ]-I-S-am-°m≥- \n-\-°v- km-[n-°p-∂-Xv- am-X-a-√- C-

cp-h¿-K-hpw- (Pn-∂p-I-fpw- a-\p-jy-cpw)- H-∂-S¶w- kzo-I-c-n-°-W-sa∂v-

\mw- B-K-ln-°p-∂ k-∑m¿-K- k-c-Wn- e- n-®-Xn-ep-≈- A- n-am\]I-

S-\-hpw- Iq-Sn- A-Xn-ep-≠v.-

Xp-S¿-∂p- hn-h-cn-°p-∂- l-Zo-Y-p-Iƒ- C-°m-cy-sØ-°p-dn-®v- \ap-

°v- Iq-Sp-X¬- hn-i-Z-o-I-c-Ww- \¬-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.

H-∂v.- th-K-Øn-ep-≈- t\m-ºp-X-d- \-∑-bv-°v- Im-c-W-am-Ip-∂p-.

k-Av-ep-_v-\p- k-A-Zv-hn¬-\n-∂v- \n-th-Z-\w.- \-_n-- ]-d-™p:

""t\m-ºp-Xp-d th-K-Øn-em-°p-∂- Im-e-a-X-bpw- P-\-ßƒ- ssJdn-

(kp-`n-£-X)-bn-em-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv-.''-(91)

c-≠-v. th-Kw- t\m-ºp-Xp-d-°p-∂-Xv- \-_n-bp-sS- co-Xn-bm-Ip-∂p.

ap-kv-enw- k-ap-Zm-bw- t\m-ºp-Xp-d-°p-∂-Xv- th-K-Øn-em-°p-∂-

91. _pJm-cn(4/173), apkvenw(1093).

91\_n-bpsS t\mºv

I-m-e-a-X-bpw- A-h¿- Xn-cp-ta-\n--bp-sS- kp-∂-Øn-epw k-Zv-hr-Øcm-

b- ap≥-Km-an-I-fp-sS- am¿-K-Øn-ep-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-Xn-s\- AW-

∏-√p-Iƒ- sIm-≠-h¿- I-Sn-®p-]n-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂- Im-e-a-X-bpw- ssZ-h-

Ir-]-bm¬- B¿-°p-a-h-sc- ]n-g-∏n-°p-hm-≥- km-[n-°p-∂-X-√.--

k-Av-ep-_v-\p- k-A-Zn--¬-\n-∂pw- \-n-th-Z-\w.- \-_n-- ]d™p:

""t\m-ºp-Xp-d-°p-∂-Xv \-£-X-ßƒ- ]-I-S-am-Ip-∂- t\-cw-hsc-

Im-Øn-cn-°m-Ø- Im-e-tØm-fw- F-s‚- k-ap-Zm-bw- F-s‚- am¿KØn-

¬- \n-e-sIm-≈p-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw.''(92)

aq-∂v.- im-]- tIm-]-Øn-∂-n-c-bm-b-h-cpw- t\m-ºp-Xp-d-bpw-.

ap-kv-enw-Iƒ- X-ß-fp-sS- ]-hm-N-I-s‚- am¿-K-a-h-ew-_-n-°p-Ibpw-

A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- N-cy- kz-¥w- Po-hn-X-Øn-eq-sS- kw-c-£n-°p-I-bpw-

sN-bv-Xm¬,- A-h¿- Kp-W-Øn-em-Ip-∂-Xn-\p- ]p-d-sa- C-kv-emw- APø-

am-bpw- B-I¿-j-I-am-bpw- A-hti-jn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-t∏mƒ- Ah¿-

°v- ]m-iv-Nm-Xy,- ]u-c-kv-Xy- k-aq-l-ß-fq-sS- hm-em-Im-sX-bpw Im‰n-

s‚- K-Xn-°-\p-k-cn-®v- \n-e-]m-Sp- am-‰p-∂- "hn-Sp-hm-bn'-I-fm-b- t\Xm°-

fp-sS- \n-g-e-m-Im-sX-bpw- \n-e-sIm-≈m≥- km-[n-°pw F-∂-Xv- amXa-

√,- A-‘-Im-c- ]m-cm-hm-c-Øn¬- k-∑m¿-K-Øn-s‚- h-gn-hn-f-°p-Ifm-

bpw- am-\-hn-I-X-bp-sS- a-l-Øm-b- am-Xr-I-I-fm-bpw- A-h¿- am-d-p∂Xm-

Wv.-

A-_q-lp-dbv-d--bn¬- \n-∂v- \n-th-Z-\w.- \-_n-- ]-d-™p-:

""t\m-ºp-Xp-d-°p-∂- hn-j-b-Øn¬- (k-a-b-am-bm-ep-S≥)- [r-Xn-

Im-Wn-°p-∂- Im-e-tØm-fw- C-kv-emw- ]-I-S-am-bn- (A-P-ø-a-m-bn)-

92. kzlo-lmb k\-tZm-Sp-IqSn C_v\p ln∫m≥(891) D≤-cn-®p. ap≥]p-I-gn™Xp-

t]mse _pJm-cn-bnepw ap-kven-anepw Cu lZo-Yns‚ aqe-ap-≠v. in-bm-°ƒ-

Cu- Im-cy-Øn¬- Pq-X- I-n-kv-Xym-\n-I-tfm-Sv- tbm-Pn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- A-h-cpw \£X-

ßƒ- ]-I-S-am-Ip-∂- t\-cw-h-sc- ]n-¥n-°m-d-m-Wv- ]-Xn-hv. A√mlp \sΩsb√mw

Ah-cpsS hgn-tI-Sn¬ \n∂pw kwc-£n-°p-am-dm-I-s´.----

92 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

\n-e-sIm-≈p-∂-Xm-Wv.- Im-c-Ww- In-kv-Xym-\n-I-fpw- Pq-X-cpw- A-Xv-

]n-¥n-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv.''(93)-

ap-I-fn¬- D-≤-cn-°-s∏- - l-Zo-Yp-I-fp-sS- B-i-b-ß-fpw- A[ym]-

\-ß-fp-w- C-ß-s\- kw-K-ln-°mw:-

1. hm-\n¬- C-k-v-em-an-s‚ hn-P-b-]-Xm-I- ]m-dn-°fn-®v- C-kv-emw- APø-

am-bn- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-Xv- th-Z-°m-tcm-Sp-≈- \-Ωp-sS- kmw-kv-Im-

cn-I- ssh-Pm-Xy-tØm-Sv- I-S-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.- In-g-°n-s‚-tbm- ]Sn-

™m-dn-s‚-tbm- H-cp- ]-Xn-∏m-Im-sX- XnI-®pw ssZ-h-sØ- A\pk-

cn-®p- Po-hn-°p-∂- H-cp- k-aq-l-am-bn- \n-e-\n¬-°p-tºmƒ- amXsa-

ap-kv-enw- k-aq-l-Øn-\v- k-I-e- t\-´-ß-fpw- ssI-h-cn-°p-hm≥-

km-[n-°p-I-bp-≈q.- "sI-w-en\n-'--s‚ -a-W-Øn-s\m-Øv- I-d-ßp∂-

K-l-am-Im-sX-bpw- "ssh-‰v- lu-kn'-s‚- ta-®n¬- \n-e-ß-fn¬-

A-e-™p- \-S-°m-sX-bpw- ]-iv-\- ]-c-n-lm-c-ßƒ-°m-bn- "e-≠≥'-

F-∂- "Jn-_v-e'-bn-te-°v- apJw- Xn-cn-°m-sX-bpw- H-cp-d-®- hyXykv-

X- k-aq-l-am-bn- ]-cn-h¿-Øn-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ- am-X-sa- C-X-c- kaq-

l-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v- A-h¿-°v- t]-cpw- s]-cp-a-bpw- t\-Sm≥- km-[n°p-

I-bp-≈q.- hn-izm-k- -Im-cy-ß-fn-epw- I-¿-am-\p-jv-Tm-\-ß-fn-epw- hn-

ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n-te-°pw- Xn-cp-kp-∂-Øn-te-°pw- k-ºq-¿-Wam-

bn- a-S-ß-nb-m¬ am-X-sa- C-sX-√mw- i-cn-bm-bn-Øo-cp-I-bp-≈q.-

2. k-ºq¿-W-am-bn- C-kv-emw- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-I-.-

A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂p-:-

""k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I-tf,- C-kv-em-an-te-°v- \n-ßƒ- k-ºq¿-W-am-

bn- ]-th-in-°p-I.''- (2:-208)

I-m-X-em-b- ]-iv-\-ßƒ,- sXm-en-∏p-d-Øp-≈- ]-iv-\-ßƒ- F-

s∂m-s°- ]-d-™v- C-kv-em-an-I- \n-b-a-ß-sf- h¿-Ko-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv-

B-[p-\n-I-am-sbm-cp- Pm-ln-en-ø-Øpw- \q-X-\-co-Xn-bp-am-Ip-∂p.- CØ-

cw- hm-Z-K-Xn-Iƒ-sIm-≠v- C-Xn-s‚- h-‡m-°ƒ- em-°m-°p-∂-Xv- apJy-

]-iv-\-ßƒ- F-∂- Np-gn-bn¬- s]-Sp-Øn- ap-kv-enw-I-fp-sS- Nn-¥mti-

93. A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(2/305), C_v\p ln∫m≥(224). CXns‚ k\-Zv lk-\m-Wv.

93\_n-bpsS t\mºv

j-n- Zp-jn-∏n-°p-I- F-∂-Xv- am-X-am-Wv.

th-Z-K-Ÿ-Øn¬- \n-∂pw- X-ßƒ-°v- ln-X-I-c-am-b-Xv- kzoIcn-

°p-I-bpw- A-]n-b-am-b-Xn-s\- Xn-c-kv-I-cn-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂,-

A-√m-lp-hn-s‚- tIm-]-Øn-\-n-c-bm-b- Pq-X- kz-`m-h-Øn-te-°m-Wv-

C-Xn-s‚- th-cp-Iƒ- sN-s∂-Ø-p-∂-sX-∂v- Cu- hn-j-b-sØ-°p-dn-®v-

kq-£v-a-\n-co-£-Ww- \-S-Øn-bm¬ \-ap-°v- I-s≠-Øm-\m-Ipw.- F∂m-

¬- Pq-X,- In-kv-Xo-b- B-Nm-c- co-Xn-I-tfm-Sv- F-Xn-cp- ]-h¿-Øn-°phm≥-

\mw- I¬-]n-°-s∏-´-h-cm-sW-∂pw- A-ß-s\ sN-øp-∂-Xn-s‚- ew-

C-kv-em-an-s‚- A- n-am-\-I-c-am-b- \n-e-\n¬-]m-sW-∂pw- \mw- a-\ n-

em-°n-b-t√m.---

hnizm-kn-Isf ]_p-≤-cm-°p∂ ]hrØnbpw ]t_m[\hr-

Ønbpw Cg-Iƒ th¿Xn-cn-s®-Sp-°m≥ ]‰mØ Xc-Øn-ep-s≈mcp

_‘-am-Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hns‚ aX-Nn-”-ßƒ°nSbn-

¬ hnth-N\w \S-Øm\pw h-IXncn®v Nne-Xns\ Db¿Øn-Im´n

a‰p-Nne-Xns\ XmgvØn-s°-´m\pw ˛ apkvenw D-Ω-Øns\ hebw

sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ Xo£vW ]iv\-ß-fpsS t]cp ]d-™m-sW¶n¬

t]mepw- - \-ap°v km[y-a-√. kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ sFIyw XI¿°pI-

bpw sI´p-d∏v inYn-eo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX ]ca ][m\ ]iv\ß-

ƒ ]cn-l-cn-°m-\mWv \mw ][m\ ia-ßƒ \S-tØ-≠-sX∂pw

A√msX CØcw "_m-en-ihpw' "imJm-]-chpw' "D]-cn-π-h-]-chpw'

"hyXy-kvX- ho-£W km[y-X-bp-≈-Xp'amb ]iv\-ß-fpsS t]cn-

¬ Ii-]ni IqSp-I-b√ th≠-sX∂pw ta\n]d™p \S°p∂h-

tcmSv cmPn-bm-Im\pw \ap-°m-hn-√.

kqcyIncW-ßƒ AkvX-an-°p∂ apdbv°v t\mºv Xpd-°m≥

XnSp°w ImWn-°p-∂-Xn-emWv ]cn-ip≤ Ckvemans‚ bi v

Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂-sX∂v \tS hnh-cn® \nc-h[n lZo-Yp-I-fn¬

\n∂pw Dƒ°-mgvNtbmsS hnj-b-ßsf ho£n-°p∂ hmb\°mc-

\v a\- n-em-bn-cn-°p-at√m.- F∂m¬ Nne-bm-fp-Iƒ ]d™p \S°p-

∂Xv kqcy-In-c-W-ßƒ AkvX-an-®-bp-S≥ t\mºpXpd-°p-∂Xv

Ipg-∏Øn (^nXv\x)\v Imc-W-am-sW∂pw Cu Xncpkp∂-Øns\

]p\-cp-÷o-hn-∏n-°m-\p≈ iahpw AXn-te°v P\-ßsf £Wn-

°epw XnI™ hnh-c-t°Spw hy‡-amb hgn-tI-Sp-am-sW∂pw

apkvenwIsf aX-Øn¬ \n∂-I-‰mt\ CØcw Imcy-ßƒ D]Icn-

94 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

°q F∂p-am-Wv.- tIhew X¿°-]-chpw imJm-]-c-hp-amb CØcw

Imcy-ß-fn¬ apkvenwIsf GtIm-]n-∏n-°m≥ km[y-a-s√∂pw

AØcw hmZw Xs∂ hne-Ip-d-™Xpw \nc¿Y-I-hp-am-sW∂pw

]d-bp-∂-h-tcmSv \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ apºn¬ sIm≠p-h-c-s∏Sp-

∂-Xns\ Icp-Xn-bn-cn-°pI F∂v amX-am-Wv ]-d-bm-\p-≈-Xv.-

\mev: aKvcn_v \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v apºv t\mºv Xpd-°¬

t\m-ºv Xpd-°p-∂-Xn¬ [r-XnImWn-°¬ ap≥Ign™ ]hmN-

I-∑m-cpsS IqSn kz`m-h-am-b-Xn-\m¬ aKvcn_v \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v ap-

ºv Xs∂ \_n t\mºv Xpd-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.(94)-

A_p-±¿Zm-Av \nth-Z\w sNøp∂p:

""aq∂v Imcy-ßƒ ]hm-N-I-Xz-Øns‚ A\-n-hmcy kz`m-hß-

fm-Wv. t\mºp-Xp-d-°p-hm≥ [rXn-Im-Wn-°¬, AØmgw ]n¥n°-

¬, \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ he-XpssI CSXp- Iøns‚ta¬ sh°¬.''(95)

3.- F¥p- I-gn-®p-sIm≠v t\mºp Xpd-°Ww?-

Imc° Ign-®-p-sIm≠v t\mºp Xpd-°m\pw Imc° e`n-®ns√-

¶n¬ sh≈wIpSn®v t\mºp Xpd-°m\pw \_n t]cn-∏n°mdp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]hm-N-I\v kap-Zm-b-tØm-Sp-≠m-bn-cp∂ KpWImw-

£bpw Ah-cpsS \∑-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ AXym¿Ønbpw A\\y-

amb Ir]-bp-amWv Cu \n¿tZ-i-Øn-eqsS \ap°v ImWm≥ km[n-

°p-∂-Xv. ImcWw Bam-ibw Imen-b-m-bn-cn-°p∂ thf-bn¬ ico-

c-Øn\v a[p-c-ap≈ Fs¥-¶nepw (B-Zy-am-bn) \¬Ip-∂Xv icocw

AXv kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw Ah-b-h-ßƒ AXv ]tbm-P-\-s∏SpØ-

∂-Xn\pw klm-b-I-c-am-Wv. hninjym- icocw Btcm-Ky-]q¿Wam-

sW-¶n¬ AXn-eqsS Du¿P- kºm-Z\w \SØn icocw i‡n

kw`-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. sh≈sØ°-pdn-®m-sW-¶n¬, t\mºp-Imc-

94. Alva-Zv(3/164), A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(2356) lk-\mb k\-tZm-Sp-IqSn A\-kn¬

\n∂v.

95. aPva-C-(2/205)ep-≈-Xp-t]mse Xz_vdm\n apAvPap¬ I_o-dn¬ D≤-cn-®p.

95\_n-bpsS t\mºv

Ww ico-c-Øn\v sNdnb Xc-Øn-ep≈ Pe-IΩn (h-cƒ®) A\p -

s∏-Sp-∂p.- AXn-\m¬ XpS-°-Øn¬ Aev]w sh≈w \¬In icoc-

sØ XWp-∏n-®m¬ ]n∂oSv Ign-°p∂ Blm-c-ß-tfmSv icocw

Btcm-Ky-I-c-ambn ]Xn-I-cn-°m≥ AXv klm-b-I-am-Wv. temI¿-

°m-I-am\w A\p-K-l-ambn apl-Ω-Zvsb- \ntbm-Kn® temI-\m-

Y≥ \_nsb ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv C]-Imcw hmbn-°mw.

""Xo¿®-bmbpw \nßƒ°nXm \nß-fn¬ \n∂pXs∂-bp≈

Hcp ZqX≥h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. \nßƒ IjvS-s∏-Sp-∂Xv kln-°m≥

Ign-bm-Ø-h\pw \nß-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ AXoh Xmev]-cy-ap≈h-

\pw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv AXy-¥w- Zbm-ephpw ImcpWyhm\pam-

Wv At±-lw.''- (9:-128)

\√-h-\mb kplrtØ; CXn-ep-]cn sh≈-Øn\pw Imc°-

°pw a\x-kw-kvI-cW Imcy-Øn¬ kzm[o\w sNepØm\mXpIp-

∂ Nne kn≤n-Ifpw khn-ti-j-X-I-fp-ap-s≠∂X-v Hcp bmYm¿Yy-

am-Wv. ]t£,- \_n-Ncy apdpsI ]nSn-°p-∂-h¿°v amXsa CXv

a\- n-em-°m≥ km[n°q F∂p-am-Xw.

A\kv- ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p:

""]IpXn ]mI-amb CuØ-∏gw Ign®v \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v aptº

t\mºp Xpd-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p \_nbpsS ]Xnh.-v AXn-s√-¶n¬

Imc-°-sIm≠pw.- AXp-an-s√-¶n¬ Xncp-ta\n GXm\pw Cd°v

sh≈w IpSn-°pw.''(96)

96. AlvaZv(3/163), A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(2/306), C_v\p Jpsskax(3/277,278), Xn¿anZn(3/

70) A\-kn¬ \n∂pw c≠v hgnI-fn-eq-sS. ]cºc kzlo-lm-Wv.

96 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

4-.- t\mºpXpd-°p-tºmƒ ]d-tb-≠-Xv

t\mºp-Im-c-\mb kplr-tØ, \_n Ncy-b-\p-k-cn®v Pohn-

Xw Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ \ap-s°-√m-h¿°pw A√mlp `mKyw Xc-s´˛

Xm¶ƒ°pw as‰√m t\mºp-Im¿°pw Dd-∏mbpw DØcw sNøs∏-

Sp∂ Hcp ]m¿Y-\-bp-≈-Xn-\m¬ AXv apX-se-Sp-°m≥ ian°pI-

bpw DØcw e`n-°p-sa-∂- -ZrVhnizm-k-tØmsS ]m¿Y-\m \ncX-

\m-hp-Ibpw sNøp-I. Ae-khpw Ai-≤-hp-amb a\- ns‚ tX´w

A√mlp sNhn-sIm-≈n-s√∂ t_m[-tØmsS Imcyw \o a\ n-

em°n F√m \∑-°pw th≠n ]m¿Y-n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I. XZv e-

ambn ZzntemI c£bpw im¥nbpw \n\°v e`n-t®-°mw.

A_q-lp-dbv-d \nth-Z\w sNøp-∂p:- \_n ]d™p:

""Dd-∏mbpw DØcw \¬I-s∏-Sp∂ aq∂v ]m¿Y\-I-fp-≠v. t\m-

ºp-Im-cs‚ ]m¿Y--\, a¿Z-n-Xs‚ ]m¿Y-\,- ]ns∂ bmX-°m-cs‚

]m¿Y-\-bpw.''(97)

Xnc-kvI-cn-°-s∏-SmØ Cu ]m¿Y\ t\mºpXpd-°p∂ thf-

bn-ep≈ ]m¿Y-\-bm-sW∂v A_q-lp-d-bv-d-hn¬\n∂pw \nthZ-

\w sNø-s∏´ lZokv kqN\ \¬Ip-∂p.

\_n ]d™p:

""aq∂p-Iq-´-cpsS ]m¿Y-\-Iƒ X≈-s∏-Sp-∂-X-√. t\mºp-Xpd-

°p∂ t\cØv t\mºp-Im-c≥ \S-Øp∂ ]m¿Y-\bpw- \oXnam\m-

b c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bpsS ]m¿Y-\bpw- a¿Z-n-Xs‚ ]m¿Y-\-bpw.''(98)

97. DssIzen ZpA- m-C(1/72)epw A_q apkvenw A¬ Ip÷n Ppkv-D A_olp-

dbv-dbnepw Ppkv-D¬ A≥kzm-cn-bnepw D≤-cn-®p.

98. Xn¿an-Zn(2528), C_v\p- amPx(1752), C_v\p ln∫m≥(2407). _qkzocn(2/81)

]d™p: ""Cu ]c-ºc kzlo-lm-Wv. \nth-Z-I≥am¿ hniz-ÿcm-Wv.''

97\_n-bpsS t\mºv

A_vZp√m-ln_v\p Awdp_v\p¬ Bkz-vhn¬\n∂pw \nth-

Z\w: \_n ]d™p:

""Xo¿®-bmbpw t\mºp-Im-c\v t\mºp-Xp-d-°p-∂-th-f-bn¬ X-

≈-s∏-SmØ Hcp ]m¿Y-\-bp-≠v.''-(99)

\_n-bn¬ \n∂pw icn-bmb ]c-º-c-bn-eqsS dnt∏m¿ v sNø-

s∏´ Xmsg ImWp∂ ]m¿Y-\-bmWv At∂-csØ ]m¿Y\Ifn-

¬ G‰hpw tijvT-am-b-Xv. t\mºpXpd-°p∂ thfbn¬ Xncpta\n-

C]-Imcw ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p:-

""Rc-ºp-Iƒ \\-bp-Ibpw Zmlw ian-°p-I-bpw-sN-bvXp. A√m-

lp COn-s®-¶n¬ ]Xn-^ew ÿnc-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXncn°p-

∂p.''(100)

5.- t\mºp-≈-h\v Blmcw \¬I¬

kplr-tØ, A√mlp Xm¶ƒ°v A-\p-Klw sNmcn-bp-Ibpw

`‡n]q¿W-amb ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ G¿s∏-Sm≥ mKyw \¬IpI-

bpw sNøs´.- t\mºv Xpd-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v [mcmfw ]pWy-ßfpw a-

l-Ømb ]Xn- -e-ß-fp-ap-≈-Xn-\m¬ a‰p≈-hsc t\mºp Xpd∏n-

°m≥ \o ]b-Xv\n-°p-I.

\_n ]d™p:

99. C_v\p- amPx(1/557), lmInw(1/422), C_v\p- p-∂n(128), Xzbm-en-kn(299)

F∂n-h¿ c≠v ]c-º-c-bn-eq-sS.

100. A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(2/306), ss_l-Izn(4/239), lmInw(1/422), C_v\p- p-∂n(128),

\kmC Aa-ep¬ buan hss√-√x(269)bn¬, ZmdIzpXzv\n(2/185) At±lw

]d™p: ""k\Zv lk-\mWv.'' Rßƒ(-k-eo-ap¬ lnemen, le-_n) ]dbp-

∂p: ""AXv At±lw ]d-™-Xp-t]-se-bm-Wv.''

98 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""Bsc-¶nepw t\mºp-≈-h\v t\mºp Xpd-°m-\p≈ £Ww

\¬In-bm¬ t\mºp-Im-c\v e`n-°p-∂-Xn\v Xpey-amb ]Xn- ew

Blmcw \¬In-b-h\pw e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ CXv t\mºp-

Im-cs‚ ]Xn-^-e-Øn¬ Ipd-shm-´pw-h-cp-Øp-∂-Xp-a-√.''(101)-

kXyhnizm-kn-bmb t\mºp-Im-cs\ as‰m-cmƒ t\mºp Xpd-

°m-\p≈ ]m¿´n-bn-te°v £Wn-®m¬ B £Ww kzoI-cn®v A-

Xn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°¬ Ah\v \n¿_-‘-am-Wv. Bsc-¶nepw Xs‚ ap-

kvenamb ktlm-Z-cs‚ £Ww \nc-kn-®m¬ Ah≥ ]hmNI-t\m-SmWv [n°mcw ImWn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. £Ww kzoI-cn®v as‰mcm-

fpsS £Ww Ign®v t\mºpXpd-°p-∂Xv Ahs‚- ]Xn- -eØn\v

tIm´w hcp-Øp-Itbm ]pWy-ßsf ]mgm-°p-Itbm Cs√∂v Ah-

≥ a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. £W tijw £Wn-°-s∏´ AXnYn-

Xn BX-n-tY-b\v th≠n,- lZo-Y-p-I-fn¬ h∂ GsX-¶nepw Hcp

]m¿Y\ \S-Øp-∂Xv ]pWy-I-c-am-Wv. AØcw ]m¿Y-\-I-fn¬

NneXv Xmsg sImSp-°p-∂p:-

1) ""t\mºpIm¿ \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬sh®v t\mºp Xpd-∂ncn-

°p-∂p, ]pWy-hm-∑m¿ \nß-fpsS £Ww Ign-°p-Ibpw ae°pI-

ƒ \nßƒ°mbn ]m¿Y-n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.''(102)

2) ""A√m-lp-th, Rßsf Bl-cn-∏n-®-h¿°v \obpw A∂w

\¬tI-W-ta, Rßƒ°v IpSn-\ocv \¬In-b-h¿°v \obpw IpSn\o-

101. AlvaZv(4/114- 116, 5/192), Xn¿an-Zn(804), C_v\p amPx(1746), C_v\p ln∫m≥-

(895), Xn¿anZn kzlo-lm-sW∂v ]d-™p. AXv At±lw ]d™Xp-t]sebm-

Wv.

102. C_v\p A_o-ssi_vx(3/100), AlvaZv(3/118), \kmC Aa-ep¬ buan h-

ss√-√x(268)bn¬, A_vZp¿d-kmIzv(4/311) ]e-am¿K-ß-fn-eqsS D≤-cn-®-Xv.

i≤°v: Nne-bm-fp-Iƒ Cu lZo-Yn¬ C]-Imcw IqSn tN¿Øp ]dbm-

dp≠v: ""hZ-I-d-Ip-ap-√mlp oa≥ C≥Zlq''. F∂m¬ AXn\v bmsXmcp A-

Sn-ÿm-\-hp-an-√.

99\_n-bpsS t\mºv

cv \¬tI-W-ta.''(103)

3) ""A√m-lp-th, \o Ah¿°v s]mdpØp sImSp-°p-Ibpw

Ahsc A\p-K-ln-°p-Ibpw Ah¿°v \¬In-b-Xn¬ A-\p-Klw-

sNm-cn-bp-I-bpw- sNtø-W-ta.''(104)

103. apkvenw(2055) anIzvZmZn¬ \n∂pw D≤-cn-®-p.

104. apkvenw(2042) A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p _kvdn¬ \n∂pw D≤-cn-®p.

15. t\mºns\

Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Imcyßƒ

t\mºp≈ hy‡n \n¿_-‘-ambpw h¿Pn-t°≠ Nne kwK-

Xn-I-fp-≠v. ImcWw AØcw ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-te¿s∏-Sp-∂Xvaqew

t\mºv Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw Abmƒ Ip‰-°m-c-\m-Ip-∂-X-p-am-Wv.

1.- Xo\-pw IpSnbpw

A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:-

""]`m-X-am-Ip∂ shfpØ Cg-bn¬\n∂pw IdpØ Cg th¿Xn-

cn®p a\- n-em-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂Xvhsc \nßƒ Xn∂p-Ibpw

IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp sIm≈p-I. F∂n´v cmXnbmIpw hsc

\nßƒ hXw ]q¿Wambn A\pjvTn°pIbpw sNøpI.''- (2:187)

Cu kq‡-Øn¬ \n∂pw A∂-]m-\o-b-ß-fn¬\n∂-I∂p \n-

¬°p-∂-Xn\mWv ][m-\-ambpw t\msº∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv F∂v a-

\- n-em-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v t\mºp≈ hy‡n a-

\x-]q¿h-w Xn∂p-Itbm IpSn-°p-Itbm sNbvXm¬ Abm-fpsS

t\mºv apdn-™-Xmbn IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ ad∂

101\_n-bpsS t\mºv

\ne-bntem A_≤Øntem a‰m-cp-tS-sb-¶nepw \n¿_-‘-Øn\v

hg-ßntbm- Xn∂p-Ibpw IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xv aqew Ahs‚

t\mºn\v bmsXmcp Ipg-∏hpw hcp-∂-X-√.

\_n ]d™p:

""Bsc-¶nepw Xm≥ t\mºp-Im-c-\m-sW∂ Imcyw ad-∂p-sIm-

≠v h√Xpw Xn∂p-Itbm IpSn-°p-Itbm sNbvXm¬ Abmƒ X-

s‚ t\mºv ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-s°m-≈-s´. F¥psIms≠-∂m¬ Ah-

s\ Xo‰n-bXpw IpSn-∏n-®Xpw A√m-lp-shsX.''-(105)

\_n ]d™p:

""ad∂p-sIm≠pw A_-≤-h-imepw \n¿_-‘-Øn\v hgtß-

≠n-h∂pw sNøp∂ Imcy-ß-fpsS (]m-]w) Fs‚ kap-Zm-b-Øn¬

\n∂pw A√mlp Hgnhm-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.''(106)

2.- a\x-]q¿h-w O¿Z-n-°¬

\-_n-- ]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂p-:

""O¿Z-n Hcmsf Iog-S-°n-bm¬ Abmƒ t\mºv t\m‰p-hot´≠-

Xn-√. F∂m¬ Adn-™p-sIm≠v O¿Zn-bp-≠m-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

Ah≥ AXv t\m‰p hot´-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.''(107)-

105. _pJm-cn(4/135), apkvenw(1155).

106. Xzlmhn idlp aB-\n-b¬ BYm-dn(2/56)¬, lm°nw(2/198), C_v\p lkvav

A¬ ClvIman(5/149)¬, Zmd-IzpXzv\n(4/171) c≠v am¿K-ß-fn-eqsS C_v\p

A∫m-kn¬ \n∂pw D≤-cn-®p. AXns‚ ]c-ºc kzlo-lm-Wv.

1-0-7. A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(2/310), Xn¿an-Zn(3/79), C_v\p amPx(1/536), Alva-Zv(2/498) F∂nh-

¿ lnimap _v\p l m-\n¬ \n∂pw, At±lw apl-ΩZv _v\p koco-\n¬

\n∂pw, At±lw A_q-lp-dbv-d-bn¬ \n∂pw D≈ am¿K-Øn-eqsS D≤cn-

®p. ssiJp¬ Ckvemw C_v\p ssXanøx lIzo-Iz-Øp- zn-bm-an(]pdw

14)¬ ]d-™-Xp-t]mse Cu lZo-Yns‚ k\Zv kzlo-lm-Wv.

102 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

3.- B¿Øhc‡hpw ]khc‡hpw hc¬

]I-en-s‚- Xp-S-°-Øntem Ah-km\ \nan-j-ß-fntem Ft∏m-

sg-¶n-epw, kvXo°v amk-apd XpS-ßp-Itbm ]k-h-c‡w h∂p-

Xp-S-ßp-Itbm sNbvXm¬ Ahƒ t\mºv apdn-t°-≠Xpw ip≤n

Bb-Xn\v tijw B t\mºv t\m‰phot -≠-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. Aip≤n-

bp≈ \ne-bn¬ Ahƒ t\msº-Sp-Øm¬ t]mepw AXv km[phm-

Ip-∂-X-√.

\_n ]d™p:

""Ahƒ B¿Ø-h-I-m-cn-bm-bm¬ \a-kvI-cn-°p-Ibpw t\msº-

Sp-°p-I-bp-an-√t√m?''

Ah¿ (kvXo-Iƒ) ]d™p: ""AsX.'' AhnSp∂v hni-Zo-I-

cn®p:

""AXmWv Ah-cpsS Zo\ns‚- t]mcm-bva.''

as‰mcp dnt∏m¿´n¬ C]-Im-c-am-Wv:-

""Ahƒ (B¿Øhwaqew)- \n-c-h[n Zn\-ßƒ \akv°p∂tX-

bn-√, d-a-Zm-\n¬ t\msºm-gn-hm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.- CXmWv Ahcp-

sS Zo\ns‚ Ipd-hv.''(108)

F∂m¬ ip≤n Bb-Xn\v tijw B¿Ø-h-I-m-cnbpw ]khc-

‡w h∂-hfpw \jvS-s∏´ t\mºv JZ-mho -W-sa∂ Iev]\ Xmsg

hcp∂ apBZx-bpsS lZo-Yn¬ ImWm≥ km[n-°pw-:

apBZx- ]d-bp∂p:

108. apkvenw(79, 80) C_v\p Dadn¬ \n∂pw A_q-lp-dbvd-bn¬ \n∂pw D-

≤-cn-®-p.

103\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""Rm≥ BC-i -tbmSv tNmZn-®p:- "F¥p-sIm-≠mWv B¿Ø-

h-ap-≠m-b-h-tfmSv t\mºp-Iƒ JZ-m-ho- m≥ Iev]n-°-s∏- n-cn°p∂-

Xv? Ahƒ \a-kvImcw JZ-mho´p-∂n-√t√m' BC-i- tNmZn®p:

""\o ldqcn(109) Bi-b-°m-cn-bmtWm?'' Rm≥ ]d™p: ""Rm≥

ldqcn Bi-b-°m-cn-sbm-∂p-a-√. ]t£,- Adn-bm≥ th≠n tNmZn-

®-Xm-Wv''.- Ah¿- -]-d™p: ""Rßƒ°v B¿Øhw hcp-tºmƒ

Rßƒ- t\mºv JZ-mho´m≥ Iev]n-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠m-bn-c∂p.- F∂m-

¬ \a-kvImcw JZ-mho´m≥ Iev]n-°-s∏-Sm-dn-√m-bn-cp-∂p.''(110)

4.- Blmc ]Zm¿Y-ß-fpsS ewsNøp∂ IpØn-sh-∏p-Iƒ

Ah-i-cmb Nne tcmKn-I-fpsS Bam-i-b-Øn-te°v `£W

]Zm¿Y-ß-sf-Øn-°m≥ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ kndn-©p-I-fmWv

CXn¬ H∂v.- CØcw IpØnsh∏p-Iƒ a\p-jys‚ B¥-cm-hbh-

109. ldq-cnøv: Iq^-bn¬ \n∂pw c≠p ssa¬ AI-e-Øn¬ ÿnXn-sN-øp∂

"ldq-dm-Av' F∂ ]tZ-i-Øn-te°v tN¿Øp-sIm-≠mWv Cßs\ t]¿ \¬I-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Jhm-cn-Pp-I-fpsS hnizmkmZ¿iw kzoI-cn-®-h¿°v "ldqcnøv' F∂v

t]cv hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Aens°Xnsc BZy-ambn cwK-]-thiw \S-Ønb

hn`mKamWn-h¿. ldq-dm-Av ]tZ-iØv sh®mWv B kw -hw. AXp-sIm≠m-

Wv AXn-te°v tN¿Øv hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. lm^nZv Xvlp¬ _mcn(4/

424)¬ C]-Imcw ]d-™n´p-≠v. ImWpI C_v\p AYo-dns‚ A√p-_m_v(1/

359).

ldq-cnøx hn`m-K-°m¿ EXp-a-Xn-bm-bn-cn-°p∂ ka-bØv \jvSs∏´

\akvImcw IZm-Av ho´¬ \n¿_-‘-am-sW∂ A`n-]m-b-°m-cm-Wv. F∂m¬

BC-i- bm-Is´, Xß-fpsS A`n-]mbw sIm≠v \_n-N-cysb FXn-°p∂

Jhm-cn-Pp-Ifn¬ \n∂mtWm apBZx Xs‚ kwibw IS-sa-Sp-sØ-sX∂v

`b-s∏- p. Jhm-cn-Pp-I-fpsS Bi-b-ap≈ FXtbm t]¿ \ΩpsS ImeL´Øn-

epw D≠v!

hni-Z-hn-h-c-Øn\v ImWpI: keo-ap¬ lnem-en-bpsS Zndm-km-Øp≥

a≥l-Pn-øx n¬ AIzo-Z-Øn- -e-^nøxbnse "AØu-YoIzp A\n-√mln

hd-kq-enln' F∂ A[ymbw ImWp-I.

110. _pJm-cn(4/429), apkvenw(335).

104 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

ß-fn-eqsS t\cn-s -Øp-∂-Xn-\m¬ t\mºns\ Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp∂

Imcy-am-sW-∂Xv X¿°-a‰ kwK-Xn-bm-Wv.(111) a‰v Nne IpØnsh-

∏pI-ƒ Bam-i-b-Øn-te°v t\cn-s´-Øp-∂-n-√. adn®v (B-lm-c-]-

Zm¿Y-ß-fpsS ]tXyI cq]w) c‡-Øn-te°v IpØn-sh-°-s∏Sp-

∂p. Cu kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ Ah-sIm-≠p-t±-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Blmc-

Øn-s‚ KpWw tcmKn°v e`n-°pI F∂ e£y-am-b-Xn-\m¬ CXpw

t\mºv Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ kwKXn Xs∂-bm-Iq-∂p. Zo¿L-Imew

At_m-[m-h-ÿ-bn¬ Ign-tb-≠n-h-cp∂ tcmKn-Iƒ°v CØcw

kndn-©p-I-fn-eqsS •qt°-mkv- sImSp-°p-∂Xv CXn\v DZm-l-c-Wam-

Wv.

5.- kwtbmKw

Camw iuIm\n Xs‚ A±p-dmdo- A-¬ apZn-ø-x-(2/22) F∂

IrXn-bn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p:

""a\x-]q¿h-w Hcmƒ sNøp∂ ssewKnIthgvN t\mºv Zp¿_e-

s∏-Sp-Øp-sa-∂-Xn¬ c≠- n-]m-b-an-√. F∂m¬ ad-∂p-sIm≠v Hcm-

fn¬ \n∂pw CXv kw -hn-®m¬, ad-∂p-sIm≠v £Ww Ign°pI-

tbm sh≈w IpSn-°p-Itbm sNbvX-hs‚ KW-Øn-emWv Nne

]fin-X-∑m¿ FÆn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.''

C-_v\p¬ Jønw Xs‚ km-Zp¬ aB-Zn(2/60)¬ tcJs∏Sp-

Øp-∂p:

""kwtbmKw Xo\-pw IpSn-bpw-t]mse t\mºv apdn-°p∂ Imcy-

am-sW∂v Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ FXn-

c-`n-]mbw Adn-b-s∏-´n-´n-√.''

111. ssiJp¬ Ckvemw C_v\p ssXanøx bpsS lIzo-Iz-Øp- zn-bm-w(]pdw

55) ImWp-I.

105\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""A-Xn-\m¬ C\n-ta¬ (cm-Xn-I-fn¬) Ah-cp-ambn kl-hkn-

°p-Ibpw (ssew-Kn-I-_-‘-Øn-te¿s∏-´v) A√mlp \nßƒ°v

\n›-bn-®Xv tXSp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≈p-I''- F∂ kq‡w Cu

hnj-b-Øn\v sXfn-hm-Wv. ImcWw Bb-Øn¬,- cmXn-Imeßfn-

¬ ssewKnI _‘-Øn-te¿s∏-Sm≥ A\p-hmZw \¬InbXn¬\n-

∂pw ]I¬ ka-bØv Xo\pw IpSnbpw t]mse ssewKnI_‘-

hpw hne-°-s∏- -Xm-sW∂v a\- n-em-°mw. \n¿_‘ t\mºv kw-

tbm-K-Øn-eqsS Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h¿°v JZ-m-ho- n¬ \n¿_‘-

am-Ip-∂-tXm-sSm∏w ]mb-—nØw \¬Iepw \n¿_-‘-am-Wv.

A_q-lpd-bv-d- \nth-Z\w:

""Rßƒ \_nbpsS ASpØv Ccn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At∏m-

ƒ Hcmƒ \_nbp-sS- k∂n-[n-bn¬ h∂v ]d™p: "A√mlphn-

s‚ ZqXtc,- Rm≥ \in-®p'- \_n tNmZn®p:- "\ns∂ \in-∏n®sX-

¥mWv?'- At±lw ]-d-™p-:- "Rm≥ t\mºpImc-\m-bn-cns° Fs‚

`mcysb t`mKn®p t]mbn.' \_n tNmZn-®p:- "\n\°v Hc-Sn-asb

tamNn-∏n-°m-\p≈ Ign-hpt≠m?'-- Abmƒ: "C√.'- \_n:- "F∂m¬

XpSsc c≠pamkw t\mºv A\p-jvTn-°m≥ \n\°v Ign-bptam?'-

Abmƒ ]d™p: "C√.' \_n: F∂m¬ Adp-]Xv km[p-°ƒ°v

Blmcw \¬Im≥ \n\°v Ign-hpt≠m? At±lw ]d™p: C√.

106 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

\_n AXn¬\n∂pw hnc-an-®p. AXn-\n-S-bn¬ \_nbpsS

ASp-°¬- Hcp Ip´ Imc° Btcm sIm≠p-h-∂p. \_n tNmZn®p:-

"FhnsS B tNmZyI¿Ømhv?'- Abmƒ ]d™p: "Rm\n-Xm.' \-

_n ]d™p: "CXvsIm≠v t]mbn [¿aw sNøp-I.'- Abmƒ ]-

d™p: "-A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqXtc,- Fs∂-°mƒ km[p-hnt∂m?- A-

√mlphmW, Cu Nc¬]-tZ-i-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ Fs‚ IpSpw-_sØ-

°mƒ Zcn-Z-amb as‰mcp IpSpw-_-an-√'-. CXp-tI´v \_n AW∏-

√p-Iƒ ]pdØv ImW-Ø-°-hn[w Nncn-®p. F∂n´v ]d™p: "\o

CXv sIm≠p-t]mbn \ns‚ ho´p-Imsc `£n-∏n®psIm≈p-I.''(112)

112. Cu lZoYv hyXykvX hmN-I-ß-fn¬ ]e lZo-Yp-K-Ÿ-ß-fnepw ÿncs∏´n-

´p-≠v. _pJm-cn(11/516), apkvenw(1111), Xn¿an-Zn(764), _K-hn(6/288), A_qZm-

hq-Zv(2390), Zmd-an(2/11), C_v\p amPx(1671), C_v\p A_o-ssi_x(2/183˛184),

C_v\p Jpsskax(3/216), C_v\p¬ Pmdq-Zv(139), im^n-Cu(299), amen-Iv(1/

297), A_vZp¿d--kmIzv(4/196).

16. JZ-mho´¬

da-Z-m-\n¬ \jvS-s∏´ t\mºpIƒ JZ-m-ho- p-∂Xv DSs\ \n¿h-

ln-t°≠ _m[y-X-I-fn¬ s]-Sp-∂n-√. adn®v kmh-Imiw \n¿hln-

®mepw aXn-bm-Ip∂ kabw hnim-e-am-°-s∏´ Hcp _m[y-X-bmWv

AXv.

BC-i- ]d-bp-∂p:

""d-aZm-\n¬ \jvS-s∏´ t\mºp-Iƒ F\n°v JZmho´m\p≠m-

Ipw. F∂m¬ iAv_m≥ amk-Ønte F\n°v AXv t\m‰pho´m≥

Ign-™n-cp-∂p-≈q.''-(113)

lm^nfv _v\p lP-dp¬ AkvIz-em-\n Xvlp¬ _mcn(4/

191)bn¬hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂p:

""Imc-W-ap-≠m-bmepw Cs√-¶nepw t\mºv JZ-mho´p-∂Xv ku-

I-cym¿Y-w ]n¥n-°m-sa∂v Cu lZoY-v kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.''

113. _pJm-cn(4/166), apkvenw(1146).

108 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

F∂m¬ hn´p-t]mb t\mºp-Iƒ FXbpw thKw t\m‰pho´p-

∂Xv Xs∂-bmWv Ah ]n¥n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ DØ-a-sa-∂Xv

Gh¿°pw Adn-bm-hp∂ Imcy-am-Wv. Imc-Ww, \∑-bn-te°v \nß-

ƒ [r-Xn-bn¬ apt∂-dp-I,- \∑-Iƒ \msf-I-fn-te°v ]n¥n-°mXncn-

°p-I, XpS-ßnb Jp¿-B-\ns‚ s]mXp XØ-z-ß-tfmSv AXmWv

G‰hpw A\p-tbm-Pyw. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

""\nß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬ \n∂p≈ ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn-te°v

\nßƒ [r-Xn-bn¬ apt∂-dpI.''- (3:133)

as‰m-cn-SØv A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

""Ah¿ (kzm-en-lp-I-ƒ) kpIr-X-ß-fn-te°v apt∂-dp-∂-h-cmIp-

∂p.''- (23:61)

d-a-Z-m-\n¬ hn´p-t]mb t\mºp-Iƒ t\m‰p-ho- p-∂Xv XpS¿®bm-

bn thW-sa-∂Xpw \n¿_-‘-an-√.

A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

""(da-Z-m-\n¬ Bsc-¶nepw tcmKn-bm-hp-Itbm bmXbnemhpI-

tbm sNøp∂ ]£w) a‰v Znh-k-ß-fn¬ AXbpw FÆw \n¿h-

ln-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.'' (2:185)

ChnsS XpS¿®-bmbn thW-sa∂v A√mlp ]d-bp-∂n-√. AX-

bpw FÆw thW-sa∂v amX-amWv \n¿_-‘-]q¿h-w Iev]n-°s∏-

´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

C_v\p A∫m-kv ]d-bp∂p:

109\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""JZ-mt\mºp-Iƒ CS-hn´v A\p-jvTn-°p-∂-Xn¬ bmsXmcp

Ipg-∏-hp-an-√.''-(114)

A_q-lp-d-bv-d ]d-bp∂p:

""Ah\v Xmev]-cy-am-sW-¶n¬ CS-hn´v A\p-jvTn-®p-sIm≈-

s´.''(115)

F∂m¬ Camw ss_l-Iznbpw (4/259) Zmdp-Jp-Xz-v\nbpw (2/

191˛192) A_vZpdlvam\n_v\p C_vdmlo-an¬\n∂pw At±lw

Aem-D_v\pA_vZn¿-dlvam\n¬\n∂pw At±lw Xs‚ ]nXmhn-

¬\n∂pw At±lw A_q-lp-d-bv-d--hn¬\n∂pw \nth-Z\w sNbv-

X,

"B¿s°-¶nepw d-a-Z-m-\nse t\mºv JZ-mho´m-\p-s≠-¶n¬

Ah-\Xv XpS¿®-bmbn \n¿h-ln-®p-sIm-≈-s´, AXv CS-hn v A\p-

jvTn-°m-Xn-cn-°-s´'- F∂ lZoYv Zp¿_-e-am-b-Xn-\m¬ AkzoImcy-

am-Ip-∂p.

Camw ZmdpJpXz-v\n ]d™p: ""A_vZp¿-dlvam\p_v\p C_vdm-

low Zp¿_-e-\m-Ip-∂p.''

ss_lJn ]d-bp∂p: ""Cbmsf C_v\pa-Cu\-pw \km-Cbpw

Zmdp-JpXz-v\nbpw Zp¿_-e-\mbn FÆn-bn-´p-≠v.''

]c-º-c-bn¬ A_vZp-¿-dlvam\p_v\p C_vdm-low- D≈ ImcW-

Øm¬ Cu lZoY-v ap≥Idm-sW∂v C_v\p A_o-l-mXnw ]d-

™-Xmbn C_v\pl-P¿ X¬Jo-kp¬ lpss_-dn(2/206)¬ tcJ-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

Cu lZoY-v Zp¿_eamsW∂ Imcyw \mkn-dp-±-o≥ A¬_m\n-

Xs‚ C¿hm-D¬ Keo-en(943)¬ khn-kvXcw hni-Zo-I-cn-®n´p≠v.

114. _pJmcn "XAveoIzm'bn D≤-cn-®p. kzlo-lmb k\-tZm-Sp-IqSn A_vZp¿dkm-

Izv, Zmd-IzpXzv\n, C_v\p A_o-ssi_x F∂n-hcpw D≤-cn-®p. ImWpI: X-

KveoIzpØAveoIzv(3/186).

115. ssiJv \mkzn-dp-±o≥ A¬_m-\n- bpsS C¿hm-D¬ Keo-¬(4/95) ImWp-I.

110 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

F∂m¬ At±-l-Øns‚ Xs∂ kn¬kn-e-Øp¬ Alm-ZoYn±Cu-

^x-(Zp¿_e lZo-Yp-I-fpsS Nß-e)(2/137)-bn¬ Cu lZoYv "l-

k-\m-'sW∂v tZymXn-∏n-°p∂ Xc-Øn¬ A`n-]mbw ]d-™n´p-

s≠-¶nepw ]n∂o-S-Xn¬ \n∂pw At±lw ]n≥hm-ßn-bn-´p-≠v.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ Rßƒ a\- n-em-°n-tb-S-tØmfw JZmt\m-

ºpIƒ XpSsc A\p-jvTn-°-W-sat∂m hn´p-hn´v A\pjvTn-°W-

sat∂m \n¿tZ-in-°p∂ Hscm‰ lZoYpw kzlol-mb k\-tZmSp-

IqSn dnt∏m¿´v sNø-s∏-ń-ń-√. AXn-\m¬ c≠pw Bhm-sa∂ \n-

e-]m-SmWv Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ G‰hpw Ffp-∏-am-bXpw Ic-Wobam-

b-Xpw.

Camw- AlvaZn ¬\n∂pw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- Xpw CtX A`n-

]mbw Xs∂-bm-Ip-∂p.

A_q-Zm-hqZv Xs‚ akm-C-en(]pdw 95)¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p:

""da-Z-m≥ t\mºv JZ-m-ho- p-∂-Xns\°-pdn®v Camw AlvaZnt\mSv

Btcm tNmZn-°p-∂Xv Rm≥ tI´p At±lw ]d™p: \n\°v

Xmev]-cy-am-sW-¶n¬ XpS-scbpw As√-¶n¬ hn´p-hn´pw AXv

\n¿h-ln-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.'' A√m-lp-hmWv IqSp-X¬ Adn-bp-∂-

h≥

AXp-t]mse CS-hn v Bhm-sa-∂Xp-sIm≠v XpSsc A\pjvTn-

°m≥ ]mSn-s√∂v ]d-bm\pw Xc-an-√.

\a-kvIm-c-ßƒ IS-ap≈\ne-bn¬ Hcmƒ ac-W-s∏- m¬ Abm-

fpsS _‘pthm a‰m-sc-¶n-eptam ]tc-X\v th≠n- Ah JZmhoń-

bm¬ aXn-bm-Ip-I-bn-s√∂v ]fi-X-∑m¿ GI IWvT-ambn A`n]m-

b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. A]-Imcw Xs∂ da-Z-m≥ amkw imco-cnI £o-

Ww ImcWw t\msºm-gn-hm-°nb Hcmƒ°v th≠n Abmƒ Pohn-

®n-cns° as‰m-cmƒ t\msº-Sp-Øm¬ aXn-bm-Ip-∂-X-s√∂X-pw

X¿°-an-√mØ Imcy-am-Wv. adn®v ]apJ kz-lm-_n A\kvhn-

s‚ kw`-h-Øn¬ \mw hmbn-®Xv t]mse Hmtcm Znh-k-Øn\pw

]Icw Hcp km[p-hn\v `£Ww \¬Ip-I-bmWv th≠-Xv.

111\_n-bpsS t\mºv

F∂m¬ t\msºSp-°m≥ t\¿®-bm-°nb hy‡n AXv ]q¿-

Øo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv ac-W-a-S-™m¬ Abm-fpsS _‘p- Abm-

ƒ°v ]Icw AXv \n¿h-ln-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.

BC-i- \nth-Z\w:- \_n ]d™p:

""t\mºp- I-S-ap≈ \ne-bn¬ Hcmƒ ac-W-s∏- m¬ Abm-fpsS

_‘p ]tc-X\v ]Icw t\mº-\p-jvTn-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.''(116)

C_v\p A∫m-kv \nth-Z\w:

Hcmƒ \_n-bpsS k∂n-[n-bn¬ h∂p ]d™p: ""]hmNI-

tc,- Fs‚ DΩ Hcp amksØ t\mºv IS-ap≈ \ne-bn¬ acWs∏-

´p-t]mbn.- Ah¿°v ]Icw Rm≥ JZ-m ho´n-bm¬ aXn-bm-Iptam?''

Ahn-Sp∂v ]d™p:

""AsX, aXn-bm-Ipw. A√m-lp-hns‚ IS-amWv ho´-s∏-Sm≥

G‰hpw A¿lw.''(117)

s]mXp-hmb A¿Y-X-e-ß-fp≈ Cu l-Zo-Y-p-Iƒ ac-W-s∏´

hy‡n°v th≠n Abm-fpsS _‘p A\p-jvTn-°p∂ GXv Xcw

t\mºpw- \nba km[y-X-bp-≈-Xm-sW∂v hy‡-am-°-p-∂p. CXns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬,- ac-W-s∏´ hy‡n°v th≠n GXv Xcw t\m-

ºpw Abm-fpsS hen-øn\-v A\p-jvTn-°m-sa∂ \ne-]m-SmWv Zmln-

co-]fin-X-\mb C_v\pl-kv-an \pw(7/2,8) im^nCu- ]finX-

∑m-cn¬ Nne¿°pap-≈-Xv.

]t£,- ]tXyI A¿Y-w Iev]n-°-s∏-tS≠ s]mXp hm°pI-

fmWv CØcw lZo-Y-p-I-fn¬ D≈-sX∂v ImWm≥ km[n-°pw.

116. _pJm-cn(4/168), apkvenw(1147).

117. _pJm-cn(4/169), apkvenw(1148).

112 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

AXp-sIm≠vXs∂ t\¿®t\msºm-gnsI as‰m∂pw aøn-Øn\v

th≠n Abm-fpsS henøv \n¿h-ln-®m¬ aXn-bm-Ip-∂-X-√. CtX

A`n-]m-b-amWv Al-a-Zv ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xv.

A_q-Zm-hqZv ak-m-C-ep¬ Camw AlvaZn(]pdw 96)¬ tcJs∏-

Sp-Øp-∂p:-

AlvaZv C_v\p- lº¬ C]-Imcw ]d-bp-∂Xv Rm≥ tI´p:-

""ac-W-s∏-´-h¿°v th≠n t\¿®t\mº-√msX as‰m∂pw t\m¬-

°m≥ ]mSn-√.'' A_q-Zm-hqZv ]d-bp∂p: ""Rm≥ tNmZn®p;- At∏mƒ

da-Z-m≥ t\mtºm?''- At±lw ]d™p: ""AXn\v ]Icw `£Ww

\¬Ip-I-bmWv th≠-Xv.''-

t\¿® t\mºp-Iƒ amXsa ac-W-s∏- -h¿°v th≠n Abmfp-

sS _‘p t\m‰p-ho-t´-≠-Xp≈q F∂ \ne-]m-Sn-t\m-SmWv a\ v

tbmPn-°p-∂Xpw lrZbw s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw. kml-Ncy sXfn-

hpIfpw Cu A`n-]m-b-Øn-\mWv ap≥Xq°w \¬Ip-∂-Xv. ImcWw

Cßs\ Hc- n-]mbw kzoI-cn-°p-tºmƒ amX-amWv C∆njbIam-

bn h-∂ apgp-h≥ lZo-Yp-I-fp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]h¿Øn-

®-Xmbn IW-°m-Im≥ km[n-°p-I-. H∂v kzoI-cn®v as‰m∂v Xt≈-

≠n hcp-∂n-√. BZyw D≤-cn®,- ""t\mºv IS-ap≈ \ne-bn¬ Hcmƒ

ac-W-s∏-´m¬ Abm-fpsS _‘p Abmƒ°v ]Icw t\msºSp-

Øp-sIm-≈s´'' F∂ BC-i- \nth-Z\w sNbvX lZoYn¬\n-

∂pw \nth-Z-I-bmb BC-i- - -t]mepw t\¿® t\mºpw A√mØ

t\mºp-Ifpw Dƒs∏-Sp-sa∂ hym]-Im¿Y-w Kln-®n-cp-∂n-s√-∂Xv

Xmsg hcp∂ kw`hw sXfn-bn-°p-∂p:-

Awdx- ]d-bp∂p:

Ah-cpsS DΩ da-Z-m≥ t\mºv IS-ap≈ \ne-bn¬ ac-W-s∏´p

113\_n-bpsS t\mºv

t]mbn.- Ah¿ BC-i -tbmSv tNmZn®p: ""DΩm°v th≠n Rm≥

t\msº-Sp-Øm¬ aXn-bm-Iptam?''.- BC-i ]d™p: ""C√. adn®v

Hmtcm Znh-k-Øn\pw ]Icw Ac- kzm-Av Blmcw km[p-°ƒ°v

\¬Ip-I-bmWv th≠-Xv.'' kzlo-lmb k\-tZmsS -Xzl-m-hn apiv-

Inep¬BY-mdn(3/142)epw,- C_v\p lkvav apl-√(4/7)bnepw D≤cn-

®p.

lZoYv \nth-Z-I-\mWv B lZo-Yns‚ D≈-S-°-sØ-°-p-dn®v

\∂mbn a\- n-em-°p-∂Xv F∂ XØ-zw s]mXp-hn¬ AwKoIcn-

°-s∏- -Xm-Wt√m.- XZ-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ BC-i -bpsS Cu hniZo-

I-cWw ]tXyI i≤-b¿ln-°p-∂p. CtX hnh-cWw Xs∂bm-

Wv kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ ]fin-X≥ A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p A∫mkv-

hpw- -tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

""Hcmƒ da-Z-m-\n¬ tcmKn-bm-hp-Ifpw ]n∂oSv t\mºv JZ-m-ho-

´p∂Xn\v apºv ac-W-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ t\mºn\v ]Icw

km[p-°-ƒ°v Blmcw \¬tI-≠-XmW.-v Abmƒ°v th≠n t\m-

ºp -JZ-mhot´-≠-Xn-√. C\n ]tc-X\v t\¿® t\mºv h√Xpw J-

Z-m D≠m-bn-cp-∂m¬ Abm-fpsS _‘p AXv t\m‰p-ho-t -≠-XmIp-

∂p.''- kzlo-lmb k\-tZm-Sp-IqSn A_q-Zm-hqZv D≤-cn-®p. C_v\p

lkvav ap-l-√ -(7/7)xbn¬ kzlo-lm-sW∂v tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn.

Cu A[-ym-b-Øn¬ D≤-cn® c≠m-asØ lZo-Yns‚ \nthZ-

I≥ C_v\pA∫mkv- B-sW∂X-v it≤-b-am-Wv. amX-a√ At±-

lw \nth-Z\w sNbvX as‰mcp lZo-Yn¬,- acn® hy‡n°v t\¿®-

t\mºp-Iƒ IS-ap-s≠-¶n¬ AXv henøv t\m‰-pho -W-sa∂ hy‡-

amb ""\ z-v'' (\n¿tZ-iw)Xs∂ ImWmw. C_v\pA∫m-kv ]dbp-

∂p:-

k-AvZp_v-\-p D_mZx- \_ntbmSv tNmZn®p: -""]hm-N-Itc,-

114 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

Fs‚ amXmhv t\¿®t\mºp-Iƒ IS-ap≈ \ne-bn¬ ac-W-s∏-´p-

t]mbn (C\n Rms\¥p sNø-Ww)? Ahn-Sp∂v ]d™p:

""Ah¿°v ]Icw \o AXv JZ-m-ho- -p-I.''- _pJmcnbpw apkven-

apw a‰pw D≤cn-®p.

A√mam C_v\p¬ Jønw CAv-em-a-p¬ aqJn-Cu-\n-¬ hy‡-

am-°nb t]mse Cu \ne-]m-SmWv Ckvemans‚ ASnÿm\ß-

tfmSpw ico-A-Øns‚ s]mXp XØ-z-ß-tfmSpw tbmPn-°p-∂Xv.-

XlvZo_p- kp\\n- A_o-Zm-hq-Zn(3/279- 282)¬ CXvkw_-‘-ambn

IqSp-X¬ hni-Zo-I-cWw \¬In-bn-´p-≠v.

t\¿®t\mºp-Iƒ IS-ap≈ \ne-bn¬ Hcmƒ ac-W-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

]tc-X\v th≠n Ipsd-bm-fp-Iƒ tN¿∂v B t\mºp-I-f-Xbpw

t\m‰-pho´p-I sNbvXmepw aXn-bm-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.

lk≥ ]d-bp∂p:

""(H-cp-am-ksØ t\mºv IS-ap≈ \ne-bn¬)- H-cmƒ ac-Ws∏-

Sp-Ibpw Abmƒ°v th≠n Hcmƒ H∂v F∂ IW-°n¬ ap∏Xv

Bfp-Iƒ H‰Znhkw t\msº-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXmepw aXn-bmIp-

∂-Xm-Wv.''(118)

A]-Imcw Xs∂ ac-W-s∏´ hy‡n-bpsS _‘p ]tc-X\v

IS-ap≈ t\mºp-I-fpsS FÆ-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v km[p-°ƒ°v H‰

Znhkw `£Ww \¬In-bmepw aXn-bm-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. A\kvA]Imcw sNbvXn-´p-≠v.

118. _pJmcn(4/112) "XAveoIzm'bn D≤-cn-®p. Zmd-IzpXzv\n InXm_p¬ apZ-∫Pn¬

k\-tZm-Sp-IqSn D≤-cn-®p. Rß-fpsS Kpcp ssiJv A¬_m\n apJvXkzdp

kzlo-ln¬ _pJm-cn(1/58)-bn¬ AXns‚ k\Zv kzlo-lm-sW∂v hntijn∏n-

®p.

17. ]mb-—nØw

1.- d-aZ-m≥ amkw ]I¬ ka-bØv Xs‚ mcy-bp-ambn ssewKn-

I _‘-Øn-te¿s∏´ hy‡n-bpsS IY A_q-lpd-bv-d- D≤cn®-

Xv hmb-\-°m¿ Hm¿°p-∂p-≠m-Ip-at√m.- ]kvXpX kw -h-Øn¬,

JZ-m-ho-´p∂tXmsSm∏w ]mb-—nØw \¬Im\pw Abm-tfmSv ]-

hm-N-I≥ \n¿tZ-in-®-Xm-bn- Im-Wmw. ]mb-—n-Ø-ambn Bhiy-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xv;- Hcp ASn-asb tamNn-∏n-°p-I, AXn\v km[n-®n-s√¶n¬

c≠v amkw XpSsc t\msº-Sp-°pI,- AXn\pw km[n-°msX h-

∂m¬ Adp-]Xv km[p-°ƒ°v £Ww \¬IpI F∂o Imcyß-

fm-Wv.

kwtbmKw ImcWw \n¿_-‘-am-Ip∂ ]mb-—nØw Ia(X-

¿Xo-_v) ]Imcw sNø-W-sa-∂Xv \n¿_-‘-an√.- adn®v GXv thW-

sa∂v Xn-c-™p-Sp-°p-h-m≥ hy‡n°v A\p-hm-Z-ap≠v F∂mWv

Nne ]fin-X-∑m¿ A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Iaw ]men°-

W-sa∂v \nth-Z\w sNbvX-h-cmWv IqSp-X-ep-≈Xv F∂-Xn-\m¬

Ah-cpsS \nth-Z-\-amWv IqSp-X¬ ]_-ew. X¿Xo-_v ]men-°W-

sa∂v \nth-Z\w sNbvX-h¿ IqSp-X-em-sW-∂-Xn\v ]pdsa Ahcp-

sS \nth-Z-\-ß-fn¬ IqSp-X¬ hni-Zmw-i-ß-fp-s≠-∂Xpw it≤b-

am-Wv. ImcWw B \nth-Z-\-ß-fn-se√mw t\mºv \jvS-s∏-´Xv

kwtbmKw aqe-am-sW∂v hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v. Cu hnh-cWw Iaw

\n¿_-‘-an√ F∂v \nth-Z\w sNbvX-h-cpsS \nth-Z-\-ß-fn¬

ImW-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. IqSp-X¬ hni-Zmw-i-ßƒ \¬Ip-∂-h-cpsS \nth-

Z-\-ß-fmWv hni-Zmw-i-ßƒ \¬Im-Ø-h-cpsS \nthZ\ßsf°m-

116 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

ƒ kzoIm-cy-sa-∂Xv lZoYv imkvX-Øn¬ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏´

XØ-z-am-Wt√m.- I v- -m-dx- (]m-b-›n-Øw) Ia-]-Im-c-amWv \n¿-

_-‘-am-Ip-∂Xv F∂-Xn\v ]n≥_ew \¬Ip∂ as‰mcp kwKXn,

A]-Imcw sNøp-∂Xvaqew kq£va-Xbpw Dd∏pw e`n-°p-sa-∂Xm-

Wv. ImcWw X¿Xo-_n-s‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]h¿Øn-®m¬ a-

Xn-bm-Ip-sa-∂-Xn¬ ]£m-¥-c-an√.- F∂m¬ adn-®m-sW-¶n¬ ÿn-

Xn AX-√t√m.-

2. I-^v-^m-dx- \n¿-_-‘-am-b- H-cp- hy-‡n-°v- I-^v-^m-dx-bp-sS-

cq-]-ß-fm-b- A-Sn-a-tam-N-\-Øn-t\m- c-≠p-am-kw- Xp-S-sc- t\m-º\pjv-

Tn-°m-t\m- A-s√-¶n¬- ]-I-cw- kz-Z-Jx- sN-øm-t\m- km-[n-°m-sX-

h-∂m¬- A-bm-fp-sS- I- v- m-dx- A-bm-fn¬-\n-∂v- H-gn-hm-°-s∏-Sp∂-

Xm-Wv.- Im-c-Ww- A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂p-:-

""A-√m-lp- H-cmtfm-Spw- A-bmfp-sS- I-gn-hn¬- s]-´-X-√m-sX-

sN-øm≥- \n¿-_-‘n-°p-I-bn-√.'' (2:-286)

a-s‰m-cp- sX-fn-hv- ap-ºv- D-≤-cn-®- l-Zo-Yv- X-s∂-bm-Wv.- Im-cWw-

B- kw-`-h-Øn¬- ]-cm-Xn-°m-c-\m-b- hy-‡n- I-^v-^m-dx-bp-sS- H-cp-

cq-]-hpw- \n¿-h-ln-°m≥- km-[n-°n-s√-∂v- A-dn-bn-®-t∏mƒ- I- v mdx-

°v- A-bm-sf- \n¿-_-‘n-®n-s√-∂v- am-X-a-√- A-bmƒ-°v- X-s‚- IpSpw-

_-sØ- B-l-cn-∏n-°m-\m-bn- H-cp- Ip-´- Im-c-°- \-¬-Ip-I-bm-Wv-

sN-bv-X-Xv.-

3.- I-^v-^m-dx- H-cn-°-epw- kv-Xo-Iƒ-°v- \n¿-_-‘-am-hp-I-bn-√.-

Im-c-Ww- ap-ºp-≤-cn-®- l-Zo-Yn¬- ]-hm-N-I≥-,- ]-cm-X-n-°m-c-\pw-

`m-cy-bp-am-bn- \-S-∂- kw- -hw- tI- -ti-jw- H-cp- I- v- m-dx- am-XamWv-

\n¿-_-‘-am-bn- \n¿-tZ-in-®-Xv.- A√m-lp-hmWv IqSp-X¬ Adnbp∂-

h≥.

18.- A¬-^n-Zv-bx-

1.- K¿`n-Wn-Ifpw ape-bq- p-∂-h-cp-amb kvXoIƒ kz¥w icoc-

sØ-°p-dnt®m a°-fpsS Btcm-Ky-sØ-°-p-dnt®m bm-i¶ D≈h-

cm-sW-¶n¬, Hmtcm Znh-ksØ t\mºn\pw ]I-c-ambn Hcp ZcnZ-

\v `£Ww ]mb-—n-Ø-ambn \¬In t\mºv Hgn-hm-°m-hp-∂Xm-

Wv.

""sRcp-ßn-amXw AXn\v km[n-°p-∂-h¿ ]mh-s∏- -h\v £-

Ww ]mb-—n-Ø-ambn \¬tI≠-Xm-Ip∂p'' F∂ Jp¿-B≥ hN-

\-am-Ip∂p CXn-∂m-[m-cw. htbm-hr-≤cpw hr≤-Ifpw tcmK-im¥n

]Xo-£-b‰ tcmKn-Ifpw kz¥w ico-ctØ°-pdnt®m,- a°-fpsS

Btcm-KysØ°-pdnt®m b-ap≈ K¿ -nWn-Ifpw apebq´p∂hcpam-

b kvXoI-fp-amWv Cu Bb-Ø-vsIm≠v ]tXy-I-ambn Dt±-in°-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xv F∂ C_v\pDa¿-hn-s‚bpw C_v\p A∫mkvhns‚-

bpw hni-Zo-I-c-W-amWv Cu BbØv- CXn\v sXfnhmsW∂Xn-

s‚ ASn-ÿm-\w.

2.- A_vZp√m-ln_v\p Da¿-hn-s‚bpw k-eaXv_v\p AIvhAv-

-hn-s‚bpw lZo-Yp-I-fp-sS- A-Snÿm\Øn¬ Cu BbØ-v \kvJv

(Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´-Xv)- sNøs∏´-Xm-sW∂ Imcyw \mw t\c-

sØ hnh-cn-®Xv hmb-\-°m-c≥ Hm¿°p-∂p-≠m-Ip-at√m.- F∂m¬

C_v\pA∫m-kn¬\n∂pw Cu BbØv- Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´X-

118 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

√∂pw t\msº-Sp-°m≥ km[n-°m-Ø-h-cmb hr≤-Ifpw hr≤cpam-

Wv CXns‚ Xmev]-cy-sa∂pw Ah¿ Hmtcm-t\m-ºn\pw ]I-cambn

Hcp ]mh-s∏-´-h\v `£Ww ]mb-—n-Ø-ambn \¬tI≠XmsW-

∂pw kzln-lmb k\-tZm-Sp-IqSn ÿnc-s∏´ph∂n-´p-≠v.(119) CXv

ImcWw C_v\pA∫m-kv `qcn-]£w kz-lm-_m-°-fp-sSbpw

A`n-]m-b-Øn\v hncp-≤-amb \ne-]m-Sp-≈-bm-fm-sW-∂v, As√¶n-

¬ At±-l-Øns‚ Xs∂ hmZ-ßƒ ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-am-sW∂v

Hcp-]t£,- kwi-bn-°-s∏-Smw. ]tXy-In®v as‰mcp cnhm-b-Øn¬

\-kvJv kw -hn-®n- p-≠v F∂v At±lwXs∂ Xpd∂p]d-bp-I-IqSn

sNøp-tºmƒ.- At±lw ]d-bp∂p:

""t\msº-Sp-°m≥ km[n-°p∂ hr≤-cmb ]pcp-j-∑m¿°pw

kvXoIƒ°pw Ah¿ B-K-ln-°p∂psh¶n¬ t\msº-Sp-°m\pw

A√m-Ø-]£w Hmtcm t\mºn\pw ]Icw Hcp Zcn-Z\v `£Ww

]mb-—n-Ø-ambn \¬In JZ-m-ho-´msX Xs∂ t\msºmgnhm°m-

\pw kzmX¥yw \¬I-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv ""\nß-fn¬ Bsc¶n-

epw B amk-Øn¬ k∂n-ln-X-cm-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿ t\msº-SpØp-

sIm-≈s´'' F∂ Jp¿-B≥ kq‡w Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´-tXm-Sp-

IqSn Cu \nbaw Zp¿_e(\kvJv)-am-°-s∏- p. nZvbx- amXw \¬-

In t\mtºm-gn-hm-°m-\p≈ A\p-hmZw ]n∂oSv t\msº-Sp-°m≥

km[n-°m-Ø-h-cmb hr≤-∑m¿°pw hr≤-Iƒ°pw amX-ambn \ne-

\n-∂p. AXpt]mse K¿`n-Wn-Ifpw ape-bq- p-∂-h-cp-amb kvXoIƒ

kz¥w Btcm-KytØ°-pdnt®m Ah-cpsS a°-fpsS BtcmKy-

tØ°-pdnt®m `b-s∏-´m¬ Ah¿°pw ^nZvbx- amXw \¬In

119. _pJm-cn(8/135).

119\_n-bpsS t\mºv

t\msºm-gn-hm-°m-\p≈ A\p-hmZw \¬I-s∏-´p.''(120)

Nne-bm-fp-Iƒ (]-fin-X-∑m¿) Camw _pJmcn At±l-Øns‚

Pman-D- z-lo-ln¬ D≤-cn®,- C_v\p A∫mkv-hn¬ \n∂pw \kv-

Jns\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-Xmbn [z\n-∏n-°p-∂- hn-[-Øn¬ h∂ t\c-

sØ ]d™ lZoYv amXw hne-bn-cpØn C_v\p A∫m-kv-

`qcn-]£w kz-lm-_m-°ƒ°pw hncp-≤-amb ho£WKXn-°m-c\m-

sW∂v hne-bn-cp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. F∂m¬ Camw C_v\p¬- Pmdq-

Zpw- a‰p- lZoYv ]fin-X-∑mcpw \nth-Z\w sNbvX lZo-Yn¬ \-

k-vJv kw`-hn-®n-´p-s≠∂v At±-lw-Xs∂ hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv I≠-

t∏mƒ c≠v dnt∏m¿´p-Ifpw ]c-kv]cw G‰p-ap- p-∂-Xmbn Ah¿°v

tXm∂n. AXp-sIm≠v Cu hnjbØnep≈ C_v\pA-∫m-kns‚

A`n-]m-b-ßƒ ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-ß-fm-sW∂v A-h¿- am‰n∏d-

™p!

3.- F∂m¬ Cu BbØv \kvJv (Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´-Xv)

sNø-s∏- -Xm-sW∂ Imcyw A\n-tj-[y-amWv. ]t£,- ap≥KmanI-

ƒ \kvJn\v \¬Inb \n¿h-N\ ]Im-c-ap≈ \kv-Jv BsW-∂p-

am-Xw. ImcWw s]mXp-hmb ]kvXm-h-\sb ]tXy-I-am°n ]-

d-bp-∂-Xn\pw \ncp-]m-[n-I-ambn ]d-™-Xns\ tkm]m-[n-I-am°n

]d-bp-∂-Xn\pw kw£n-]vX-ambn ]d-™-Xns\ hnh-cn®p ]d-bp∂-

Xn\pw AXn-ep-]cn CkvXnkv\mC-s\-bpw- ( t]mep-≈- ]Xyb-

ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn®v s]mXp\nb-a-Øn¬\n∂pw Hcp ImcysØ Hgn-

hm°n ]d-bp-I) i¿Xns\-bpw- ( t]mse-bp≈ ]Xy-ßƒ

D]-tbm-Kn®v D]m-[n-sh®v ]d-bp-I)- kzn-^-Xns\bpw- (hntij-

Ww) hsc- Ah¿ \kvJv F∂v ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.(121)

Npcp-°-Øn¬ BZyw ]d-™-X-√mØ hm°p]-tbm-Kn®v Bi-

bw hy‡-am-°p∂ coXn-I-sf√mw Ah-cpsS mj-bn¬ \kvJmbn

hnebncp-Ø-s∏- n-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS ]kvXm-h-\-Isf ]T-\-hn-t[b-

am-°p-∂-h\v CØcw \nc-h[n DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ Is≠-Ømhp∂-

120. C_v\p¬ Pmdq-Zv(381), ss_l-Izn(4/230), A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(2318). AXns‚ k\Zv

kzlo-lm-Wv.

121. C_v\p¬ Izøn-ans‚ CAvemap¬ aph-Izn-Cu≥(1/35), imXz-_n-bpsS aphm -

Izm-Øv(3/118) F∂nh ImWp-I.

120 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

Xpw ]n¬ImeØv ]nd-hn-sb-SpØ ""\kvJn''s‚ \h-\n¿h-N\w-

sh®v ap≥Km-an-I-fpsS ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ hne-bn-cp-Øn-b-t∏m-gp≠m-

b kwi-b-ßƒ Zpco-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.

4.- t\msº-Sp-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂-hcpw A√m-Ø-h-cp-amb F√m

apI-√^n\pw- (a-X-im-k-\-Iƒ _m-[-I-am-b-h≥) Bb-Øn¬ ]d-

™ Imcyw _m[-I-am-sW∂v- hy-‡-am-°p-∂- Xmsghcp∂ lZo-

Yv,- Bb-Øn¬ \S-∂-n-´p-≈Xv `mKn-I-amb \kvJv amX-am-sW∂

A`n-]m-bsØ km[q-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. k-e-aXv C_v-\p- AIzvh-

Av ]d-bp∂p:

""\_n-bpsS ImeØv (Xp-S-°-Øn¬) Rß-fn¬ Xmev]cyap-

≈-h¿ da-Z-m≥ amk-Øn¬ t\msº-Sp-°p-Ibpw AXn\v Xmev]cyan-

√m-Ø-h¿ Hmtcm t\mºn\pw ]Icw Hcp Zcn-Z\v `£Ww ]mb-

—n-Ø-ambn \¬In t\msºm-gn-hm-°p-Ibpw sNøm-dm-bn-cp∂p

]Xnh.-v

""\nß-fn¬ Bsc-¶nepw B amk-Øn¬ k∂nlXcmbm-¬

Ah≥ t\msº-SpØpsIm≈s´''- F∂ hN\w Cdßp∂Xvhsc

CXv XpS¿∂p.

t\msº-Sp-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂-h-cmb hr≤-∑m¿°pw hr≤Iƒ-

°pw ]mb-—nØw \¬In JZ-m-ho-´msX Xs∂ t\msºm-gnhm-

°m-\p≈ A\p-hmZw \¬I-s∏- n-cp-∂Xv ]n∂oSv Zp¿_es∏SpØ-

s∏´p F∂v C_v\p¬- PmdqZv D≤-cn® C_v\pA∫mkv-hns‚

lZoYv as‰mcp kwibw Db¿Øn-tb-°mw. AYhm Cu Cfhv

hr≤-Iƒ°pw hr≤-∑m¿°pw amX-am-bn-cp-∂n-√t√m,- ]ns∂-¥p-

sIm-≠mWv D]-cyp‡ lZo-Yn¬ A]-Imcw ]d-™Xv? Ah¿°v

amX-am-bn-cp∂p F∂v ]cn-anXs∏Sp-Øm-\√ ]XypX Ahsc

IqSp-X¬ Biz-kn-∏n-°m≥th≠n -am-X-amWv A]-Imcw ]d-™Xv

F∂v a\- n-em-°n-bm¬ Cu kwibw Xs∂ C√m-Xm-Ip-∂-XmWv.

D]-cyp‡ lZoYv Xs∂-bmWv Cu hni-Zo-I-c-W-Øn-∂m-[mcw.-

ImcWw Bizmkw ]I-cm-\√ ]cn-anXs∏Sp-Øm-\mWv A]Im-

cw ]d-™-sX-¶n¬ hr≤-Iƒ°pw hr≤-∑m¿°pw BZyw ÿm]n-

121\_n-bpsS t\mºv

®p sImSp-°p-Ibpw ]n∂oSv \kvJn\v tijw Ah¿°v Xs∂

ÿm]n®p sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvX B Cfhn\v F¥-¿Y-amWv

Iev]n-°m-\m-hpI?

Cu- hni-Zo-I-cWw \n\°v hy‡-am-hp-Ibpw t_m[y-s∏SpI-

bpw sNbvXm¬ ]ns∂ Cu BbØv t\msº-Sp-°m≥ km[n°p-

∂-h-cpsS Imcy-Øn¬ Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- -Xm-sW∂pw t\msº-

Sp°m≥ km[n-°m-Ø-h-cpsS Imcy-Øn¬ C∂pw \nba]m_eyw

D≈-Xm-sW∂pw a\- n-em-°m≥ Xosc ]bm-k-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-X√.

H∂m-asØ \nbaw Jp¿-B≥ sIm≠vXs∂ \kvJv sNø-s∏´ncn-

°p-∂p.- c≠m-aXv ]d-™-Xm-Is´ \nc-h[n lZo-kp-IƒsIm≠v

ÿm]n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. AXns‚ \nb-a-]m-_eyw

A¥y-\mƒhsc XpS-cp-∂-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.

C_v\p PmdqZv \nth-Z\w sNbvX C_v\p A∫mkv-hns‚

lZoYv CXns\ ASn-h-c-bn-Sp-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. At±lw ]dbp-

∂p:\

""^nZvb \¬In t\msºm-gn-hm-°m-\p≈ A\p-hmZw t\msºSp-

°m≥ km[n-°mØ hr≤-Iƒ°pw hr≤-∑m¿°pw Ct∏mgpw \ne-

\n¬°p∂p.- AXp-t]mse K¿`n-Wn-Ifpw ape-bq- p-∂-h-cp-amb kv-

XoIƒ kz¥w Btcm-KysØ°-pdnt®m Ah-cpsS a°-fpsS B-

tcm-KysØ°-pdnt®m `b-ap-≈-h-cm-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿°pw Hmtcm

t\mºn\pw ]Icw Hcp Zcn-Z\v £Ww ]mb-›n-Ø-ambn \¬In

t\msºm-gn-hm-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.''

apBZv C_v\p P_¬ -hns‚ lZokv Cu hnh-c-W-Øn\v

IqSp-X¬ hy‡X \¬Ip-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. At±lw ]d-bp∂p:

122 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""At∏mƒ t\mºns‚ Ah-ÿ-Iƒ C]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. (1)

\_n aZo-\-bn¬ h∂-bp-S-s\-bp≈ Ime-L-´-Øn¬ Ahn-Sp∂v

Hmtcm-am-khpw aq∂v Znh-khpw apl¿dw- ]Øn-s‚- (B-iq-dmAv)

t\mºpw A\p-jvTn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv t\mºv \n¿_‘-

am°n A√mlp Jp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n®p:--

""kXy-hn-izm-kn-Itf; \nßƒ°v apºp≈-h¿°v \n¿_-‘am-

°-s∏-´Xvt]mse \nßƒ°pw t\mºv \n¿_‘am°s∏´ncn°p-

∂p.- \nßƒ tZmj-_m[sb- kq£n-°p-∂-h-cm-Im≥th-≠n.''-

XpS¿∂v-,

""P\-ßƒ°v am¿KZ¿i-\-am-bn-s°-m≠pw t\¿hgn Im´p∂-

Xpw kXyhpw Ak-Xy-hpw- th¿Xncn®p ImWn-°p-∂-Xp-amb kp-

hy‡ sXfn-hp-I-fm-bn-s°-m≠pw hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn∏n°-

s∏´ amk-am-Ip∂p d-aZ-m≥. AXp-sIm≠v \nß-fn¬ B¿ B am-

k-Øn¬ k∂n-ln-X-cmtWm Ah¿ B amkw hX-a-\p-jvTnt°-

≠-Xm-Wv. Bsc-¶nepw tcmKn-bm-hp-Itbm bmX-bnemhp-Itbm

sNbvXm¬ ]Icw AXbpw FÆw (t\m-sº-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p)''-

F∂ BbØv Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p. AXn-eqsS (2) \m´n¬ ÿncXmak-

°m-c-\mb Btcm-Ky-hm-\mb hnizm-kn°v hX-a-\p-jvTn-°¬ \n¿-

_-‘-am-sW∂v ÿnc-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw (3) bmX°-mc-\pw -tcmKn-

°pw (a‰p- Znh-k-ß-fn¬ AXv JZm-ho- n-bm¬ aXn-sb∂ \n_‘-

\-tbm-sS) Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ Cfhv A\p-h-Zn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.-

(4) t\msº-Sp-°m≥ km[n-°mØ ]mbm-[y-Iy-ap-≈-h¿°v ]mh-

s∏-´-h\v £Ww ]mb-—n-Ø-ambn \¬In t\msºmgnhm°msa-

∂pw hy‡-am-°n.''(122)

122. A_q-Zm-hqZv kp\-\n(507)¬, ss_lIzn kp\-\n(4/200)¬ AlvaZv apkv\Zn-

(5/246- 247)¬ kzlo-lmb k\-tZm-Sp-IqSn D≤-cn-®p.

123\_n-bpsS t\mºv

apI-fn¬ D≤-cn-°-s∏´ c≠v lZo-Yp-I-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬

""sRcp-ßn-amXw AXn\v km[n-°p-∂-h¿ ^nZvbx- \¬IWw''-

F∂ BbØ-ns‚ `mKw t\msº-Sp-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂-h-cpsS

hnj-b-Øn¬ Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- Xpw F∂m¬ t\msº-Sp-°m≥

km[n-°m-Ø-h-cpsS Imcy-Øn¬ C∂pw \nba ]m_eyw D≈Xp-

am-sW∂v kpXcmw- hy‡-am-Wv. AYhm BbØv Zp¿_-es∏Sp-

Ø-s∏-ń-ń-√,- adn®v ]tXyI A¿Yw Iev]n-°-s∏-Sp-I-(XJvkzo-

kv)-bmWv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ C_v\p A∫mkv Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ a‰v kz-

lm-_m-°-fpsS A`n-]m-b-ß-tfmSv tbmPn® \ne-]m-Sp≈ Bfm-

sW∂pw At±-l-Øns‚ lZoYv A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p Da¿-hns‚-

bpw ke-aXv C_v\p AIvhAv-hns‚ lZo-Yp-I-tfmSv s]mcpØ-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw amX-a√ At±-l-Øns‚ h-mZ-ßƒ ]c-kv]c

hncp-≤-ß-f-s√∂pw ImWm-\m-Ipw.

""B-bØv Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-ń-ń-√'' F∂ At±-l-Øns‚

]kvXm-h-\-sb "AXv Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- -XmWv AYhm ]tXy-

I A¿Y-w Iev]n-°-s∏-tS-≠-XmWv'- F∂ ]kvXm-h\ hni-ZoIcn-

°p-∂-Xmbn a\- nem-Ip-∂p.

CXbpw ]d-™-Xn¬\n∂pw kzlm-_m-°-fp-sSbpw a‰v ap≥Km-

anI-fp-sSbpw ho£-W-Øn-ep≈ "\-kv-Jv-' ]n≥Km-an-I-fp-tSbpw ASn-

ÿm\ imkvX-]-fin-X-∑m-cp-sSbpw ho£-W-Øn-ep≈ "X-Jvkzo-

kn-'\-pw- (]-tXy-I-am-°p-I) "X-Jv-bo-Zn-'\pw- (tkm-]m-[n-I-am-°pI)

Xpey-amb Hcp ]Zw- amXambn-cp∂p F∂p hy‡-am-Wv. Camw

Izp¿Xzp_n Cu Imcyw Xs‚ X^vkodn¬(123) hni-Zo-I-cn-®Xv

hmb-\-°m-c\v ]cn-tim-[n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

5.- C_v\p A∫m-kv-hn¬\n∂pw apBZv C_v\p P-_¬hn-

¬ \n∂pw dnt∏m¿´v sNø-s∏´p ImWp∂ Cu hnh-c-W-ßƒ A-

h-cpsS amXw Kth-j-W-amtbm ho£-W-amtbm As√-¶n¬ sh-

dpw ]kvXm-h-\tbm Bbn amXw I≠m¬ t]mtc F∂v hmb\-

°m-c≥ kwi-bn-t®-°mw. hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-b-s∏´ "apXzve-

123. A¬ PmanAv enA-lvIm-an¬ Izp¿-B≥(2/288).

124 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

Iz-n' (\n-cp-]m-[n-I-]-kvXm-h-\)s\ "apIzøZm'(tkm]m[nI)°m-

t\m, "BΩn's\ -(s]m-Xp-hmb ]kvXm-hw) "Jm zm'(]tXyIam-

°p-I-)°m-t\m, "ap-Pvaen'(kw-£n-]vXw-)s\ "ap^- dm'(hn-i-Zw)-

°mt\m k-m[n-°p∂ "a¿^qAv' (\-_nbn-te°v t\tc tN¿°-

s∏-´) Bb lZo-Yns‚ tiWn-bn-te°v CXv hcp-I-bn-√t√m

F∂pw Xm¶ƒ hne-bn-cp-Øn-tb-°mw. AXn-\p≈ adp-]Sn Cß-

s\ kwK-ln-°mw:-

F-).- Cu c≠v lZo-Yp-Iƒ°pw a¿^q-Av Bb lZo-Yns‚ ÿm\-

ap-s≠∂v ]fin-X-∑m¿ GIIWvT-ambn A`n-]m-b-s∏- n- p-≠v.

AXp-sIm-≠v- A√mlphn-s\bpw Ahs‚ ZqX-s\bpw kvt\ln-

°p∂ Hcp hnizm-kn°v Cu lZoYv Ah-s‚-b-Sp-°¬ kzlo-

lv BsW∂v ÿnc-s∏´ ÿnXn°v AXn\v FXncv ]h¿Øn-

°m≥ bmsXmcp \n¿hm-l-hp-an-√.

Imc-Ww Cu c≠v lZo-Yp-Ifpw Hcp Bb-Ø-ns‚ Ah-XcW

]›m-Ø-ew hnh-cn-°p∂ cwK-ØmWv h∂n- p-≈Xv.- AYhm Znhy-

t_m[-\-Øn\v km£n-I-fmb ]ap-J-cmb c≠v kz-lm-_n-am¿

Izp¿B\nse Hcp Bb-Ø-n-s\-°-p-dn®v AXv C∂ hnjbØnem-

Wv Ah-X-cn-®n- p-≈Xv F∂v ]d-™m¬- AXn\v lZoYv ]finX-

∑m-cpsS A`n-]m-b-a-\p-k-cn®v "apkv\Zm'b lZo-Yns‚ ÿm\am-

Wp D≈-sX-∂Xv X¿°-a‰ kwK-Xn-bm-Ip-∂p.(124)

_n-).- Cu \nbaw (sR-cp-ßn-s°-m-≠vamXw t\msº-Sp-°m≥ km-

[n-°p-∂-h¿ nZvbx- sImSp-Øm¬aXn,- JZm-ho-t -≠-Xn-√) K¿-

`n-Wn-Iƒ°pw ape-bq- p-∂-h-cp-amb kvXoIƒ°pIqSn _m[I-

am-sW∂v C_v\p A∫m-kv Xd-∏n®p]d-bp-∂p. alm-\mb

]hm-N-Is‚ Xncp-kp-∂-Øn¬ \n∂-√msX as‰-hn-sS-\n-∂mWv

At±-l-Øn\v Cu ZrV-⁄m\w e`n-°pI? hnti-jn®v Cu

hnj-b-Øn-ep≈ At±-l-Øns‚ \ne-]mSv H‰-s∏-´-Xm-bn- Im-

Wm\pw km[y-a-√. ]XypX Cu BbØv (2:-187) Zp¿_-es∏Sp-

Ø-s∏-´-Xm-sW∂v ]d™ C_v\p Da¿- hsc Cu hnjb-

Øn¬ At±-l-tØmSv tbmPn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

124. kzpbq-Øzn-bpsS XZvco_p¿dm-hn(1/192- 193)bpw C_v\p- z-em-lns‚ Deqap¬

lZoYpw(]pdw 24) ImWp-I.

125\_n-bpsS t\mºv

amenIv \m^n-C¬\n∂pw \nth-Z\w sNøp-∂p: ""K¿`nWnbm-

b kvXo Ah-fpsS t\mºv K¿`ÿ iniphn-s‚- Btcm-KysØ

_m[n-°ptam F∂v `b-s∏-´m¬ F¥v sNøWw F∂v Btcm

C_v\p -D-a¿ -hn-t\mSv tNmZn®p.- At±lw ]d™p:

""Ahƒ t\mºv Hgn-hm-°p-Ibpw Hmtcm Znh-ksØ t\mºn-

\pw ]I-c-ambn ]mh-s∏- -h\v Hcp ap±v (600 Kmw) tKmXºv \¬IpI-

bpw thWw.''(125)

Camw Z-mdJpXzv\n(-1/207) C_v\p Da¿hn¬\n-∂pw \nthZ-

\w sNøp∂p: At±lw ]d™p:

""K¿`n-Wnbpw ape-bq-´-∂-hfpw t\mºv Hgn-hm-°-Ww. Ah¿

JZ-m-ho-t´-≠-Xp-an√''- (^nZvbx- \¬In-bm¬ aXn-sb∂v- kmcw)-.-

Zmdp-Jp-Xz-v\nbp-sS- as‰mcp \n-th-Z\Øn¬- C]-Im-c-am-Wp≈-

Xv-:-

C_v\p Da¿hns‚ K¿`n-Wn-bmb Hcp mcy t\msº-Sp°p∂-

Xns\°-pdn®v At±-l-tØmSv tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ At±lw ]d-™Xv

"\o t\mºv apdn-°pI (H-gn-hm-°p-I),- Hmtcm ZnhtØ t\mºn\pw

]I-c-ambn Hcp ]mh-s∏- -h\v \o £Ww \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøpI.

F∂m¬ \jvS-s∏´ t\mºv \o JZ-m hot´-≠-Xn-√'- F-∂m-Wv-.

CXns‚ ]c-ºc Pøn-Zv-(\-√-Xv) BsW∂v Zmdp-JpXzv\n A`n-

]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

Cu kw`hw as‰mcp Xzco-In(-h-gnbn-)¬ dnt∏m¿ v sNø-s∏´Xv

C]-Im-c-am-Ip-∂p:

125. Camw im^nCubpsS hgn-bn-eqsS ss_lIzn kp\-\n(4/230)¬ D≤-cn-®p.

AXns‚ k\Zv kzlo-lm-Wv.

126 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

Jpsdin tKmX-Øn¬s]- Hcm-fpsS Iogn-em-bn-cp∂p C_v\p

Da¿hns‚ Hcp aIƒ-.- -A-h¿ K¿`n-Wn-bm-bn-cns° t\msºSpØ-

Xv \nanØw ITn-\-amb Zmlw ]nSn-s∏´p.- At∏mƒ Ah-tfmSv

t\msºm-gn-hm-°m\pw ]Icw Hmtcm Znh-ksØ t\mºn\p ]Icw

]mh-s∏-´-h\v `£Ww \¬Im\pw At±lw Iev]n-®p.

kn-).- Cu A`n-]m-b-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ kz-lm-_m-°-fn¬ Bcpw

C_v\p-A-∫m-kv-hn-t\mSv hntbm-P-n-®-Xmbn Adn-b-s∏ńń-

√.(126)

6.- apºv \mw D≤-cn® A\kp-_v\p amenIv A¬I-A-_ns‚

lZo-Yn¬ ]d-b-s∏´ ""t\mºv \n¿_-‘-am-sW∂ \nbaØn¬\n-

∂pw K¿`n-Wn-Ifpw ape-bq- p-∂-h-cp-amb kvXoIƒ Hgn-hm-°-s∏ń-

cn-°p∂p'' F∂ `mKw apI-fn¬ ]d™ hni-Zo-I-c-W-tØmsS

amXsa hymJym-\n-°-s∏-Sm≥ ]mSp≈q.- AYhm Ah¿ AhcpsS

Btcm-KysØ°-pdnt®m Ah-cpsS a°-fpsS Btcm-KytØ°pdn-

t®m b-s∏-Sp∂ kml-N-cy-Øn-emWv Ah¿ Cu Cf-hn\v A¿l-

cm-Ip-∂-Xv. At∏m-gh¿°v t\mºv JZ-m-ho-t´-≠-Xp-an-√. ]Icw

]mb—nØw \¬In-bm¬ aXn-bm-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. C_v\p A∫mkv-

-hn¬ \n∂pw \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-Sp∂p: At±lw Xs‚ DΩphe-

Zn(b-P-am-\s‚ Ip™n\v P∑w \¬Inb ASn-a-kvXo)s\ K¿`nWn-

bmb \ne-bn¬-˛-A-s√-¶n¬ ape-bq-´p∂ \ne-bn¬-˛-t\m-ºp-Ime-

Øv ImW-p-I-bp-≠m-bn. At∏mƒ At±lw Ah-tcmSv ]d™p:

""\o t\mºn\v km[n-°m-Ø-h-cpsS KW-Øn¬ s]Sp∂hfm-

Wv. AXp-sIm≠v \o ]mb-—nØw sImSp-Øm¬ aXn-bmIpw;-

t\mºv JZ-m-ho-t´-≠-Xn-√.''(127)-

7.- bmX-°m-c\v t\mºns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ A\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm-SpØ

coXn-bn-ep≈ Cfhv Xs∂-bmWv ape-bq- p∂ kvXoIƒ°pw K¿`n-

Wn-Iƒ°pw A\p-h-Zn®p sImSp-°-s∏- n- p-≈-Xv F∂v- Nne¿ hmZn-

°p-∂p-≠v. Cu hmZ-a-\p-k-cn®v bmX-°m¿ \jvS-s∏´ t\mºpIƒ

a‰p- Znh-k-ß-fn¬ JZ-mho´p-∂Xv t]mse K¿`n-Wn-Ifpw apebq´p-

126. C_v\p IzpZmax apKv\n(3/21)bn¬.

127. Zmd-IzpXzv\n(1/207) kzlo-lmb k\tZm-Sp-Iq-Sn.

127\_n-bpsS t\mºv

∂-h-cp-amb kvXoIfpw \jvS-s∏´ t\mºp-I-f-Xbpw JZ-mhot´≠n-

hcpw.- F∂m¬ Cu hmZw X≈-s∏-tS-≠Xpw sXfn-hp-Iƒ°v \nc-

°m-Ø-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. ImcWw bmX-Im-c\v \¬I-s∏´ Cf-hns‚

cq]w

""\nß-fn-em-sc-¶nepw tcmKn-bm-hp-Itbm bmX-bn-em-hp-Itbm

sNbvXm¬ a‰p Znh-k-ß-fn¬ AXbpw FÆw t\msº-Sp-t°≠-

XmWv'' F∂ hN-\-Øn-eqsS Jp¿-B≥ Xs∂ hy‡-am(-\- zm)-

°nb-Xm-Wv. AXp-t]mse,

""sRcpßn amXw AXn\v km[n-°p-∂-h¿ ]Icw Hcp ]mh-

s∏-´-h-\p≈ `£Ww ]mb-—n-Ø-ambn \¬tI-≠XmWv''- F∂

kq-‡-`m-Kw- t\msº-Sp-°m≥ km[n-°m-Ø-h¿ F¥v sNøWsa-

∂pw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p. apºv D≤-cn-°-s∏´ lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw

K¿`n-Wn-Ifpw ape-bq-´p-∂-h-cp-amb kvXoIƒ Cu BbØ-ns‚

]cn-[n-bn¬ hcp-sa∂v Xm¶ƒ°pw t_m[y-s∏-´-Xm-Wt√m.-

19. ssee-Xp¬JZv¿

Gsd tijvT-X-bp≈ Hcp cmXn-bmWv "ssee-Xp¬JZv¿'.

am-\hkaq-l-Øn\v am\y-X-bp-sSbpw al-Øz-Øn-s‚bpw kz¿Ko-

bm-\-iz-c-X-bp-sSbpw hgn-Iƒ hnh-cn®psImSpØ hnip≤ Izp¿B-

s‚ Ah-X-c-W-Øn\v B cmXn km£n-bmbn F∂-XmWv AXn-

\p Imc-Ww. F∂m¬ ]hm-NI-N-cy sNcn∏v sNcn-∏n-t\msS∂-

t]mse ]n≥]‰m≥ ]b-Xv\n-°p∂ DØa- hnizm-kn-Iƒ sImSn-

\m- nbpw hnf°p sXfn-bn-®p-a√,- ]XypX Bcm-[-\-I-fn¬ Bth-

i-]q¿h-w ]s¶-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠mWv Cu cmXnsb [\y-am-t°-≠Xv.

1. ssee-Xp¬ JZvdns‚ alØ-zw

JZvdns‚ cmhv Bbncw amk-sØ-°mƒ DØ-a-am-sW-∂Xv

amXw aXn AXns‚ tijvTX a\- n-em-°m≥. A√mlp ]dbp-

∂p-:-

129\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw AXns\ (Jp¿-B-s\) JZvdns‚ cmhn¬

Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p. JZvdns‚ cmhv F¥m-sW∂-v \n\-°-dn-bptam? JZvdn-

s‚ cmhv Bbncw amk-sØ-°mƒ ]pWy-I-c-am-Wv. ae-°p-Ifpw

dqlpw Ah-cpsS c£n-Xm-hns‚ F√m ImcysØ kw_‘n®pap-

≈ DØ-c-hp-ambn B cmXn-bn¬ Cd-ßn-h-cp∂p.- ]`m-tXm-Z-bw-

hsc B cmXn kam-[m-\-]-Z-asX!''

B cmXn-bn¬ bp‡n-a-Ømb Imcy-ßƒ Xo¿∏m-°-s∏-Sp∂-

XmWv A√mlp ]d-bp-∂p:

""Xn¿-®-bm-bpw- \mw- AXn-s\- H-c-\p-Kr-lo-X- cm-Xn-bn¬- AhX-

cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- Xo¿®bm-bpw- \mw- ap-∂-dn-bn-∏v- \¬-Ip-∂-h-\mIp-

∂p.- B- cm-Xn-bn¬- bp‡n-]q-¿-W-am-b Hm-tc-m- Im-cy-hpw- th¿Xncn-

®p- hn-h-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.- A-sX,-- \-Ωp-sS- ]-°¬-\-n-∂p-≈- I¬-]-\.-

Xo¿-®-bm-bpw \mw- (ZqX∑m-sc) \n-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°p-∂-h\m-

Ip-∂p.- \n-s‚- c-£nXmhn¶-¬-\n-∂p-≈- H-cp- Im-cy-a-sX-- A-Xv.- A-

h≥ X-s∂-bm-Ip-∂p- F-√mw- tIƒ-°p-∂-h-\pw- A-dn-bp-∂-h-\pw.''-

(44:-3˛4)

2.- ssee-Xq¬JZv¿ F∂v?

ssee-Xp¬ JZv¿ da-Z-m-\nse Ccp-]Øn H∂mw cmhm-W∂pw

Ccp-]Øn aq∂mw cmhm-sW∂pw Ccp-]Øn A©mw cmhmsW-

∂pw Ccp-]Øn Ggmw cmhm-sW∂pw Ccp-]Øn HºXmw cmhm-

sW∂pw AX√ da-Z-m-\nse Ah-km\ cmXn-bn-e-mWv AXp≠m-

hpI F∂pw hnhn[ dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ \_n-bn¬\n∂pw kzlolm-

bn ÿnc-s∏-´p-h-∂-Xmbn ImWmw.(128)

128. C∆n-j-b-I-am-bp≈ D≤-cn-°-s∏- n- p≈ A`n-]m-bßƒ hyXykvXamWv. C-

amw CdmIzn i-d-lp- z-Zv¿- _n- Zn-Iv-cn- sse-e-Xn¬- J-Zv¿ F∂-t]-cn¬ Hcp

kzX¥ IrXn Xs∂ cNn®n´p-≠v.

130 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

Camw -i-m-^-n ]d-bp-∂p:-

""Fs‚ ho£-W-Øn¬ CXv (ssee-Xp¬ JZvdns\°-pdn®p≈-

hyXykvX dn-t∏m¿-´p-Iƒ) hcm-\p≈- Imc-Ww-˛-A-√mlp G‰hpw

\∂mbn Adn-bp-∂p˛ ]hm-N-I≥ Xt∂mSv tNmZn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\-

\p-k-cn®v adp-]Sn ]d-™-XmWv F∂X-mWv.- (DZm-l-c-W-Øn-\v)

"C∂ Znhkw Rßƒ ssee-Xp¬JZvdns\ IcpXn Ccp-∂p-sIm-

≈-s´'- Fs∂m-cmƒ Bcm-bp-∂p. AXn\v \_n "AsX,- C∂

Znhkw \nß-f-Xns\ ]Xo-£n-®p-sIm-≈p-I'- F∂v \_n adp]Sn

\¬Ip-∂p.''(129)

Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ G‰hpw ]_-e-amb A`n-]mbw ssee-

Xp¬ JZv¿ da-Z-m≥ amk-Ønse Ah-km-\- ]-Ønse H‰cmXn-I-

fn-emWv F∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. Camw _pJm-cnbpw apkvenap-w D≤-cn®

BC-i- bpsS lZoYv CXmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

B-C-i-- - ]d-bp∂p:

""\_n da-Z-m-\nse Ah-km\ ]Øn¬ CAvXn-Im v Ccn°m-

dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ahn-Sp∂p ]dbpw: da-Zm≥ Ah-km-\-]-Ønse

H‰cmXn-I-fn¬ \nßƒ ssee-Xp¬ JZvdns\ ]Xo-£n-®p-sIm≈p-

I.''(130)

£oWtam Zu¿-_-eytam \nanØw Hcmƒ°v ]Øv cmXnIƒ

129. _Khn id-lp- p-∂-(6/388)bn¬ D≤-cn-®-Xv.

130. _pJm-cn(4/225), apkvenw(1169).

131\_n-bpsS t\mºv

ssee-Xp¬ JZv¿ ]Xo-£n-®n-cn-°m≥ km[-n-®n-s√-¶n¬ Ahkm-

\ Ggv cmXn-I-fn-se-¶nepw £oWw Ahs\ Iog-S-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥

Ah≥ i≤n-t°-≠Xm-Wv. ImcWw C_v\p-D-a¿ - \n-th-Z\w

sNøp-∂p. \_n ]d™p:

""Ah-km\ ]Øn¬ \nß-fXns\ (ssee-Xp¬JZv¿) ]Xo-

£n-®n-cp-∂p-sIm-≈p-I. C\n \nß-fn-sem-cmƒ Zp¿_-e-\m-hp-Itbm-

tcm-Kn-bm-hp-Itbm sNbvXm¬ _m°n-bp≈ Ggv cmXn-Iƒ Ah-

s\ Iogvs∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°-s´.''(131)-

Cu lZo-Yv,

""Rm≥ \nß-fpsS kz]v\-ßƒ hkvXp-X-bp-ambn s]mcpØ-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xmbn ImWp∂p.- AXn-\m¬ Bsc-¶nepw ssee-Xp¬

JZvdns\ ]Xo-£n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ Ah-km\ Ggv cmXnIfn-

¬ AXns\ ]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂p-sIm-≈s´'' F∂ lZo-Yns\ hym-

Jym\n-°p-∂-Xmbn a\- n-em-°mw.

ssee-Xp¬ JZv¿ F∂m-sW∂ Imcyw Adn-bn-°m≥ h∂-

th-f-bn¬ c≠m-fp-Iƒ hg-°-Sn®p \n∂-Xn-\m¬ AXv kw_‘am-

b Adnhv \_n-bn¬\n∂pw Db¿Ø-s∏´ Imcyw lZo-Yp-Ifn¬

\n∂pw Adn-b-s∏´ kwK-Xn-bm-Wv.

131. _pJm-cn(4/221), apkvenw(1165).

132 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""ssee-Xp¬ JZvdns\-°p-dn®p ]d™pXcp-hm-\mbn \_n]pd-s∏- p-h∂p.- At∏m-tg°pw B ka-bØv apkvenwI-fn¬ \n∂pw

c≠p-t]¿ ]c-kv]cw h°m-W-Ø-n-te¿s∏-Sm-\n-S-bm-bn.- At∏mƒ

Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: Rm≥ \nßƒ°p sseXp¬JZvdns\-∏‰n

]d™pXcp-hm-\mbn ]pd-Øp-h-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p.- At∏mƒ C∂

Bfpw C∂ Bfpw XΩn¬ hg°p\S-∂p. Aßs\ AXv Db¿Ø-

s∏´p (AXns\°-pdn® Adn-hv).- CXv \nßƒ°v KpWIcambn-

Øo¿t∂-°mw. AXn-\m¬ \nß-f-Xns\ Ah-km\ ]Ønse H-

ºXmw cmXn-bntem Ggmw cmXn-bntem A©mw cmXn-bntem

]Xo-£n®p-sIm-≈pI.''(132)

D-W¿-Ø¬

Nne lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ ssee-Xp¬JZv¿ da-Z-m-\nse Ah-km\

]Øn-em-sW∂pw a‰v Nne-Xn¬ Ah-km\ ]Ønse H‰-bmb

cmXn-I-fn-em-sW∂pw h∂n- p-s≠-∂Xv kXy-amWv.- F∂m¬ CXn-

¬ BZy-tØXv- s]mXp-hm-bXpw c≠m-a-tØXv ]tXy-I-am-b-Xpam-

Ip-∂p. s]mXp-hmb A¿Y-ap-≈-Xn-s\-°mƒ ]tXyI A¿-Y-ap≈-

Xns\ ]cn-K-Wn-°-W-sa-∂mWv ]fin-X-a-Xw. AXp-t]mse Nne

lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ AXv Ah-km\ Ggn-em-sW∂pw h∂n-´p-≠v. AXv

Zu¿_-eytam £oWtam D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ F∂ \n_-‘\tbmsS-

amXw a\- n-em-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. Cßs\ hyJym-\n-°-s∏Sp-

tºmƒ lZo-Yp-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Bi-b-ssh-cp-[y-an-s√∂pw Ah

]c-kv]cw ]qc-I-ß-fm-sW∂pw \ap°v a\- n-em-°m≥ km[n-

°pw.

Npcp-°-Øn¬, ssee-Xp¬ JZv¿ At\z-jn-°p∂ kXyhnizm-

kn, da-Zm≥ amk-Ønse Ah-km\ ]Ønse H‰ cmXn-I-fn¬

AXv sNbvXpsIm≈s´ AYhm Ccp-]Øn H∂mw-cm-hnepw Ccp-

]Ønaq∂mw cmhnepw Ccp-]ØnA©mw cmhnepw Ccp]ØnG-

gmw cmhnepw Ccp-]ØnHºXmw cmhnepw;- C\n £oWtam tcmK-

tam \nanØw AXn\v km[n-°msX h∂m¬ Ah-km\ Ggv cm-

Xn-I-fnse H‰-bmb cmXn-I-fn¬ (Ccp-]ØnA©mw cmhv, Ccp]-

ØnGgmw cmhv Ccp-]ØnHºXmw cmhv) Ah≥ At\z-jn®p

132. _pJm-cn(4/232).

133\_n-bpsS t\mºv

sIm≈-s´.

3.- ssee-Xp¬ JZvdns\ Fßs\ kzoI-cn-°Ww?

A\p-Krlo-X-amb Cu cmXn Hcmƒ°v \„-s∏- m¬ Abmƒ-

°v F√m \∑bpw \„-s∏-´-Xn\v Xpey-am-Wv. Cu cmXn-bpsS ]p-

Wyw `mKy-lo-\-\-√msX XS-b-s∏-Sp-∂-X-√. AX-p-sIm≠v A√m-

lp-hn\p-≈- Bcm-[-\-bn¬ AXym¿Øn-bp≈ hnizmkn Cu cmXn

Bcm-[-\-I-fm¬ kPo-h-am-°p-I-bmWv th≠Xv.- F∂m¬ A√mlp

Ahs‚ Ign-™p-t]mb ]m]-ßƒ s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-XmWv.

\_n ]d™p:

""hnizm-k-tØmSpw ]Xn-^ew ]Xo-£n®pw Bsc-¶nepw

JZvdns‚ cmXn-bn¬ \n∂v \a-kvI-cn-®m¬ (Bcm-[-\-I-fn¬ kPo-

h-am-bm¬) Ahs‚ Ign-™p-t]mb ]m]-ßƒ s]mdp-°-s∏-Sp∂-

Xm-Wv.''(133)

B cmXn-bn¬ ]m¿Y-\-Ifpw ]Io¿Ø-\-ßfpw h¿[n∏n°-

¬ kp∂-Ø-m-Wv-. -BC-i ]d-bp∂p:

""Rm≥ tNmZn®p: ]hm-N-I-tc, GXmWv JZvdns‚ cmhv Fs∂-

\n°v a\- n-em-°m≥ km[n-®m¬ A∂v Rms\-¥mWv ]dtb≠-

Xv? Xncp-ta-\n- ]d™p:

""\o ]d-bpI: A√m-lpth \o hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h\pw s]mdp-

Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xv C„-s∏-Sp-∂-h-\p-am-Wt√m.- F\n°v \o s]mdp-

Øp X∂m-epw.''-(134)

133. _pJm-cn(4/218), apkvenw(759).

134. Xn¿an-Zn(3760), C_v\p amPx(3850) F∂n-h¿ BC-i-bn ¬ \n∂pw D≤cn®-

Xv. CXns‚ ]c-ºc kzlo-lm-Wv. Cu lZo-Yns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-W-Øn\v C_v\p

dP-_ns‚ _pKvbØp¬ C≥km≥ o hfm-C^v da-Zm≥(]pd-ßƒ 55-˛57)

ImWp-I.

134 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

\√-h-\mb hmb-\-°mcm; CXbpw ]d-™-Xn¬ \n∂pw sse-

e-Xp¬ JZv¿ F∂m-sW∂v \n\°v a\- n-em-bt√m? AXn-\m¬

da-Z-m-\n-se-˛-A-h-km-\-]Øv cmXn-Iƒ IpSpw-_-Øn¬ \n∂-I∂v

Bcm-[-\-I-fn¬ kPo-h-am-Im≥ \o ian-°p-Ibpw IpSpw-_sØ

AXn\v- t]cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I. A√mlp Xu^oJv \¬Is´.

B-C-i ]d-bp-∂p:

""\_n (da-Z-m-\nse Ah-km-\) -]Øv cmXnIfn¬ ap≠v

apdp-°n-bp-Sp-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.(135) cmXnsb (I¿a-ß-fm¬) Pohn-∏n°p-

Ibpw hoSsc DW¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p.''-(136)

B-C-i ]d-bp-∂p:

""\_n da-Z-m-\nse Ah-km-\ -]Øv cmXnIfn¬ a‰p-cmXnI-

fn¬ A[-zm-\n-°mØX A[-zm-\n-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.''(137)-

4.- ssee-Xp¬JZvdns‚ AS-bm-f-ßƒ

ssee-Xp¬JZv¿ F∂m-sW∂v hnizm-kn°v a\- n-em-°m-

\mbn Xncp-ta\n Nne hnti-j-ßƒ \ap°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØn

X∂-Xmbn ImWmw.

D_-øv- ]d-bp∂p: \_n ]d™p:

135. AXm-bXv Bcm-[-\°v apdn-™n-cn-°m≥ th≠n mcy-amsc kao-]n-°mXncn-

°p-I-bpw ITn-\-]-bXv\w \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

136. _pJm-cn(4/233), apkvenw(1174).

137. apkvenw(1174).

135\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""ssee-Xp¬ JZvdns\ XpS¿∂p≈ ]`m-X-Øn¬ kqcy≥

In-c-W-ßfn-√msX DZn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. AXv Db-cp-∂Xv thsd Hcp

XfnIt]mse (In-c-W-ap-‡-ambn) Bbn-cn-°pw''-(138)

A_qlpd-bv-d--hn¬ \n∂pw \nth-Z\w:-

Rßƒ \_n-bpsS k∂n-[n-bn-en-cp∂v ssee-Xp¬ JZvdn-

s\ Ipdn®v kwkm-cn®p.- At∏mƒ Ahn-Sp∂v tNmZn®p: ""\nßfnem-

cm-Wv Xfn-I-Nn¥v t]mse Nµ≥ DZn-®-Xn\v km£n-bm-bXv? A-

∂m-bn-cp∂p ssee-Xp¬ JZv¿.''(139)

C_v\pA∫m-kv ]d-bp∂p: \_n ]d™p:

""JZvdns‚ cmXn im¥hpw ]k-∂-hp-amb cmXn-bm-Wv. ISp-

Ø NqSp≈tXm, F∂m¬ hfsc Ipfn-cp-≈tXm A√.- AXns\

XpS¿∂p≈ ]`m-X-Øn¬ kqcy≥ (Xm-c-X-tay-\) Zp¿_-ehpw

Nph-∂-Xp-ambn ImW-s∏-Spw.''-(140)

138. apkvenw(762).

139. apkvenw(1170). lZo-Yn¬ ]cm-a¿i-hn-t[-b-amb ]Zw "inIzp i v\x' F∂Xm-

Wv. AXns‚ Bibw Hcp Xfn-I-bpsS ]IpXn F∂-sX. Camw IzmZn C-

bmZv ]d™p: ""]hm-N-I≥ Cu ]Zw Dtbm-Kn-®-Xv ssee-Øp¬ IzZv¿ d-

a-Zm≥ amkØns‚ Ah-km-\-Øn-em-sW-∂-Xnte°v kqN-\- \¬Ip∂p-≠v.

ImcWw amkm-h-km-\-Øn-e-√msX DZ-b-k-a-bØv Nµ≥ Cu BIr-Xn-bnem-

hp-I-bn√.''

140. Xzbm-en-kn(349), C_v\p Jpsskax(3/231), _ m¿(1/486). AXns‚ k\Zv

lk-\m-Wv.

20. CAvXnIm- v-

1.- CAvXnIm- n(- -P-\an-cn-°¬-)s‚ bp‡n

A-√m-am- C-_v-\p¬-J-ønw - ]-d-bp-∂p-:-

137\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""A√mlp-hn-te-°p≈- a\p-jys‚ ]bm-W-Øn¬ Ahs‚

a\- ns‚ sskzcyhpw [¿at_m[hpw AXns\ A√m-lp-hn¬

tIµo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xnepw kºq¿W-ambn A√m-lp-hn-te°v Xncn®v

inYn-e-X-bn¬\n-∂-Xns\ tamNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-ep-amWv \ne-sIm≈p-

∂-Xv. A√m-lp-hn-te-°p≈ Xncn-®p-t]m°v amXsa a\- p-I-fpsS

ssiY-ney-w ]cn-l-cn-°p-I-bp-≈q. F∂m¬ Aan-X-amb Blm-c-

]m-\o-b-ßfpw Ae-k-amb \nZ-Ifpw A\m-hiy kwkm-c-ßfpw

A\-\n-hm-cy-amb P\-k-º¿°-ßfpw a\- ns‚ inYn-eX h¿[n∏n-

°p-∂Xpw AXns\ IqSp-X¬ Bi-b-°p-g-∏-Øn-em-°p-∂Xpw A-

√m-lp-hn-te-°p≈ a\p-jys‚ kpKa k©m-c-Øns\- Zp¿_eam-

°p-∂tXm ]q¿W-ambn XS-bp-∂tXm BIp∂ Imcy-ß-fm-sW∂v

ImWmw.

CXv sIm≠mWv Aan-Xm-lmc ]m\o-b-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ssZh-

k-∂n-[n-bn-te-°p≈ Ahs‚ ]bm-W-Øn\v hncm-a-am-tb-°mhp-

∂ tZtl—-I-fpsS Zpjvan-in-X-ß-fn¬\n∂pw a\- ns\ ap‡am-

°m-\p-X-Ip∂ ""hXw'' F∂ Bcm-[\ Icp-Wm-a-b-\mb A√mlp

Ahs‚ Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ t]cn¬ a\p-jy¿°v \nb-a-]-c-am°nsIm-

Sp-Ø-Xv. AXv Xs∂ Ahs‚ Cl-]c KpW-Øn-∂\-p-Kp-W-amb

Af-hnepw Ccp-tem-IØpw Ah\v ]bmkw hcp-ØmØ coXnbn-

ep-amWv A√mlp \nb-a-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

CtX e£y-Øn-\mWv C-Av-Xn-Im-^pw- A√mlp Ah¿°v

\nb-a-]-c-am-°n \n›-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. a\- ns\ A√m-

lp-hn¬ Gev]-n-°p-I, Ahs‚ kvac-W-bn¬ AXns\ Xf-®-nSpI,-

138 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

A√m-lp-hns‚ Hm¿a-bn¬ GIm-¥X A\p- -hn-°pI,- krjvSnIfp-

am-bp≈ tPmen- te-m-l-y-_m-lp-ey-ß-fn¬ \n∂-I∂v A√mlphn-

s‚ Imcy-Øn¬ hym]r-X-\m-bn-cn-°pI XpS-ßnb Imcy-ß-fmWv

CAvXnIm- ns‚ e£yhpw ssNX-\yhpw.- Aßs\ A√m-lphn-

t\m-Sp≈ kv-t\-l-hpw Ahs‚ kvac-Wbpw Ah-t\m-Sp≈ Xmev]-

cyhpw a\- ns‚ hnNm-c-ß-fp-sSbpw Nn¥-I-fp-sSbpw Ahs‚

ÿm\-Øm-bn-amdpw. ]ns∂ hnNm-c-ß-sf√mw A√m-lp-hn-s\-°pdn-

®pw Nn¥- A-hs‚ Xr]vXnbpw kmao-]yhpw t\Snsb-Sp°p∂Xn-

s\-°-p-dn-®p-am-bn-cn°pw.- ]ns∂ krjvSn-I-tfm-Sp≈ kl-h¿ØnXz-

sØ-°mƒ kjvSm-hn-t\m-sSm-∏-ap≈ kl-h¿Ø-nXzw (C-Av-XnIm-

v-) Ah\v ]b-¶-c-am-bn-tXm∂pw.- t\cwt]m°n\v Iq´n\v Bcpan-

√mØ J_-v-dns‚ GIm-¥-X-bn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ kl-h¿ØnXzw

]Xo-£n®p sIm≠m-W-h≥- C∂v CAvXnIm- n-eqsS P\-ßfn¬

\n∂-I∂-p Ign-bp-∂-Xv. AXp-t]mse as‰mcp kt¥m-jhpw e`y-

am-hmØ J_v¿ apX¬ XpS-ßp∂ ImeØv A√m-lp-hns‚ ]-

tXyI kt¥m-j-ßƒ e`n-°m\pw IqSn-bm-W-h≥ Cßs\ NS-

™pIqSn ]≈n-bn¬ Ign-bp-∂Xv-.- CXv Xs∂-bmWv CAvXnIm^n-

s‚ al-Ømb e£y-hpw.''(141)

2.- CAvXnIm^n-s‚- A¿-Yw-

""GsX-¶nepw Hcp Imcy-Øn-\mbn Ign-™p-Iq-Sp-∂-Xn-\mWv

CAvXnIm^v F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ ]≈n-bn¬ Bcm[\-

°mbn Ign-™p-Iq-Sp-∂-hs\°-pdn®v ap-Av-X-In-^v- F∂p ]dbp-

∂p.(142)

3.- CAvXnIm- ns‚ \nba km[pX

h¿j-Øn¬ as‰√m Znh-k-ß-fnepw da-Z-m-\nepw A√mØ

141. kmZp¬ aB-Zv(2/86- 87).

142. bqanbpsS A¬ ankzv_mlp¬ ap\o¿(2/424), C_v\p¬ a≥fq-dns‚ en-

km-\p¬ Ad-_v(9/252)

139\_n-bpsS t\mºv

ka-b-ß-fnepw "CAvXnIm v' Ccn-°¬ kp∂-Øm-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xm-

Wv. ImcWw, \_n i∆m¬ amk-Ønse Ah-km\ ]Øv \mfp-

I-fn¬ "CAvXnIm -v' Ccp-∂-Xmbn ÿnc-s∏- n- p-≠v.(143) amXa√,

Da¿ Hcn-°¬ \_n-tbmSv ]d™p:-

""]hm-N-Itc,- akvPn-Zp¬l-dm-an¬ Hcp cmXn CAvXnIm- ncn-

°m≥ Pmln-enøx- ImeØv Rm≥ t\¿®-bm-°n-bn-cp-∂p. (Rm\Xv

]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-Wtam?).- Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: ""\ns‚ t\¿® \o

]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-I.'' Aßs\ At±lw Hcp cmXn CAvXnIm^ncp-

∂p.''(144)

CAvXnIm- -n\v G‰hpw tijvT-amb Imew da-Z-m≥ amkamIp-

∂p. A_q-lp-d-bv-d-hn¬ \n∂pw \nth-Z\w.- At±lw ]d-bp∂p:

""\_n F√m da-Z-m-\nepw ]Øv Znhkw CAvXnIm^v Ccn-

°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ahn-Sp∂v ac-W-s∏´ h¿jw Ccp-]Xv Znhkw

CAvXnIm^v Ccn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.''-(145)

da-Zm-\n¬ Xs∂ CXn\v G‰hpw tijvT-amb Imew AXnse

Ah-km\ ]Øv \mfp-I-fm-Ip-∂p.

ImcWw,

""A√mlp ]hm-N-Is\ acn-∏n-°p-∂Xv hsc, AhnSp∂v daZm-

143. _pJm-cn(4/226), apkvenw(1173).

144. _pJm-cn(4/237), apkvenw(1156).

145. _pJm-cn(4/245).

140 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

\nse Ah-km\ ]Øp \mfp-I-fn¬ CAvXnIm^v Ccn-°m-dp≠m-

bn-cp-∂p.''(146)

4.- CAvXnIm- ns‚ \n_-‘-\-Iƒ

1) CAvXnIm v ]≈n-I-fn¬ amXsa A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏SpIbp-

≈q.- A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

""]≈n-I-fn¬ \nßƒ CAvXnIm- n-embn Ign-bp-tºmƒ Ah-

cp(-`m-cy-am¿)-ambn _‘-s∏-S-cp-Xv.''- (2:187)

2) Bb-Øn¬ ]d™ (]≈n-Iƒ) F∂Xv \t∂

hym]-Im¿Y-ap≈ ]Z-a-√. ]≈n-Iƒ F∂-Xns‚ Xmev]-cyw ]cnan-

X-am-sW∂v kqNn-∏n-°p∂ lZo-Yp-Iƒ cnhm-bØv sNø-s∏-´n´p-

≠v.(147)

\_n ]d-™p:-

""aq∂v ]≈n-I-fn-e-√msX CAvXnIm^v C√.''(148)

3) CAvXnIm v Ccn-°p-∂-h\v t\mºp-≠m-bn-cn-°p∂X-v kp-

∂-ØmWv F∂v BC-i- - ]-d-bp-∂p.(149)

5.- CAvXnIm v- C-cn-°p-∂-h\v A\p-h-Z-\o-b-amb Imcy-ßƒ

1) CAvXnIm^n-cn-°p-∂-h\v Xs‚ ]mY-anI I¿a-ßƒ°mbn

146. _pJm-cn(4/226), apkvenw(1173) F∂n-h¿ BC-i-bn ¬ \n∂v.

147. A\p-_‘w ˛ 1 ImWpI. (hnh¿ØI≥)

148. Cu lZokv ÿnc-s∏- Xpw kzlo-l-m-b-Xp-amW.-v CXv kzlo-l-m-sW∂v ]-

fin-X-∑m¿ ]Jym]n®n´p≠v. CXn-s\-Xn-cn¬ D∂-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Btcm-]W-

ßƒ°p≈ adp-]-Sn°-pw CXns‚ k\Zv kw_-‘-amb hnh-c-ßƒ°pw Aen-

l-k≥ Aen A_vZp¬ laoZv (KŸ-Im-c-∑m-cn-sem-cmƒ) cNn® A¬- C≥km-

v- o- l-Izo-Iz-Xn¬- C-Av-Xn-Im- v (]km-[\w: A¬a-‡-_-Øp¬ Ckveman-

øx) F∂ KŸw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I. IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-W-Øn\v ImWpI A¬

lΩm-an-bpsS Ppkv-D¬ CAvXnIm v.

149. A_vZp¿d-kmIzv At±l-Øns‚ apkz-∂- n(8037)¬ D≤-cn-®-Xv. CtX Bib-

Øn-ep≈ dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ C_v\p Da¿ C_v\p A∫mkv F∂n-h-cn¬

\n∂pw At±lw(8033) Xs∂ D≤-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.

141\_n-bpsS t\mºv

]pdØv t]mIm-h-p∂-Xm-Wv. A]-Imcw IgpIn hrØn-bm-°mt\m

NoIn HXp-°mt\m th≠n Xs‚ Xe-`mKw ]≈n-bpsS shfnbn-

te°v \ońs°-m-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\pw hntcm-[-an-√.

B-C-i- ]d-bp∂p:

""B¿Ø-h-I-mcn Bb-Xn-\m¬ Rm≥ hoń¬ Ign™pIqSp∂

Znh-k-ß-fn¬ ]≈n-bn¬ CAvXnIm- n-en-cp∂ ]hm-N-I≥ Xs‚

Xe Fs‚ ASp-tØ°v \oń-Ø-cm-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Aßs\ Rm\-

Xv NoIns°mSp-°p-Ibpw IgpIn hrØn-bm-°n-s°-m-Sp-°p-Ibpw

sNøm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F\n°pw ]hm-N-I-\p-an-S-bn¬ ]≈n-bpsS

hmXn¬]Sn amX-amWv AI-e-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Ahn-S∂v CAvXn-

Im- n-em-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ a\p-jys‚ ]mY-anI I¿a-ßƒ°-√msX

hoń¬ hcm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.''(150)

2) ]≈n-bn¬ CAvXnIm-^n-cn-°p-∂-h\-pw A√m-Ø-h\-pw ]-

≈n-bn¬ Ccp-∂p-sIm-≠vXs∂ hp-Zq-Av- FSp-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

\_nsb- Zo¿L-Imew tkhn-°m≥ `mKyw e`n® Hcmƒ

]d-bp∂:

""\_n ]≈n-bn¬sh®v Xs∂ eLp-hmbn hp-Zq-Av- FSp°mdp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p.''(151)-

3) X\n°v CAvXnIm v thf-bn¬ Ign-™p-Iq-Sm-\mbn ]≈n-

150. _pJm-cn(1/342), apkvenw(297). ImWp-I: Rß-fpsS Kpcp ssiJv A¬_m\n-

bpsS apJvX-kzdp kzlo-ln¬ _pJmcn(167), C_v\p¬ AYo-dns‚ Pman-

D¬ Dkzq¬(1/341).

151. kzlo-lmb k\-tZm-Sp-IqSn AlvaZv(5/364).

142 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

bpsS ]p-d-Ip-h-iØv sNdnb sS-‚p-Iƒ \n¿a-n-°p-∂-Xn\v hntcm[-

an-√. \_n CAvXnIm v Ccn-°p∂ Znh-k-ß-fn¬ Xncp-ta-\n°v

th≠n BC-i tcmaw-sIm-≠p≈ sS‚ v Xb-m-dm°n sImSp°mdp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p.(152) \_n-bpsS \n¿tZ-i ]Im-c-am-bn-cp∂p A]Im-

cw Ah¿ sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xv.-(153)

4) CAvXnIm^v Ccn-°p-∂-h\v Xs‚ hncnt∏m As√-¶n¬

I´n-tem ]≈n-bn¬ ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\v hntcm-[-an-√. C_v\pDa¿\nth-Z\w sNøp∂p:

""\_n CAvXnIm^v Ccn-°m≥ Bcw-`n-®m¬ \_n°v

th≠n "Xu_-Xq-Wn-'\v ]nd-In-embn hncn∏v hncn-°p-Itbm I´n¬

ÿm]n-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNøm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.''-(154)

6.- kvXob-p-sS- CAvXnIm- pw- A-hƒ-- C-Av-Xn-Im- n-cn-°p∂-

- ¿-Øm-hn-s\- kµ¿in-°epw--

1) Xs‚ `¿Øm-hns\ At±lw CAvXnIm^v Ccn-°p∂

ÿeØv t]mbn kµ¿in-°m≥ kvXoIƒ°v-A\p-hm-Z-ap≠.-v A-

Xp-t]mse Xs∂ kµ¿in-°m≥h∂ `mcysb bmXbb°m\m-

bn ]≈n-bpsS Ihm-Sw-hsc Ahsf A\p-K-an-°m≥ ¿Øm-hn\pw

A\p-hm-Z-ap-≠v.

kz^n-ø ]-d-bp∂p: \_n da-Z-m-\nse Ah-km\ ]Øn¬

CAvXnIm-^n¬ Ign-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ At±-lsØ Im-

Wm-\mbn Rm≥ ]-≈n-bn¬ sN∂p. \_nbpsS a‰v ]Xv\namcpw

At∏m-g-hnsS D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Xma-kn-bmsX Ah-sc√mw Xncn®p-

t]m-bn. Ipd-®p-t\cw IqSn Rm≥ At±-l-tØmSv kwkmcn®ncp-

∂p. tijw Rm≥ t]mIm-\mbn Fgp-t∂-‰-t∏mƒ Xncp-ta\n F-

t∂mSv ]d™p:- [r-Xn ImWn-t°-≠-Xn-√;- Rm\pw \nt∂m-sSm∏w-

h-cmw. Aßs\ Fs∂ ]d-™-b-°m-\mbn- \_nbpw Fs‚

IqsS-h∂p D-km-aXv_v\psskZv-hns‚ Krl-k-ap-®-b-Ønembn-

cp∂p Ah-cpsS hoSv-˛ Aßs\ \_n DΩ-p-k-e-a -bp-sS hoSn-

t\mSv tN¿∂p≈,- ]≈n-bpsS Ihm-S-Øn¬ FØn-bXpw A-≥kzm-

152. kzlo-lp¬ _pJm-cn-(4/226)bn-ep-≈-Xp-t]m-se.

153. kzlo-lp apkvenan-(1173)-ep-≈-Xp-t]m-se.

154. C_v\p-amPx(khm-C-Zv- 642), ss_l-Izn. k\Zv lk-\m-Wv.

143\_n-bpsS t\mºv

cn-I-fn¬ \n∂p≈ c≠v kzlm-_n-Iƒ AXvhgn IS∂pt]mIm\nS-

bmbn.- Ah¿ \_nsb I≠-]msS \S-Ø-Øn\v thKw Iq´n.

At∏mƒ \_n Ah-tcmSv ]d™p:

""kmh-Imiw Xs∂ t]mIp-I. CXv Fs‚ `mcy kz^n-ø-bm-

Ip-∂p.''-

Ah¿ ]d™p: ""kp_vl-m\√-m!- A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncp-Zq-Xtc!-

(A-ß-sb- Ip-dn®v sX‰v hnNm-cn-°p-I-tbm?)''

Xncp-ta\n ]d™p:

""\n›-bw, ]nimNv a\p-jy-\n¬ c‡w k©-cn-°p-∂nSsØ-

√mw k©-cn°pw.- Ah≥ \nß-fpsS a\- p-I-fn¬ h√ tZmjhpw-

(Nn-¥) C´p-X-cptam F∂v Rm≥ b-s∏´p.'' as‰mcp \nthZ\Øn-

¬ "h√Xpw'- F∂m-Wp-≈-Xv-.''(155)-

2) kvXo°v Xs‚ `¿Øm-hn-t\m-sSm-∏tam As√-¶n¬ X\n-

t®m CAvXnIm^v Ccn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

BC-i- ]d-bp∂p:

""\_n ac-W-s∏-Sp-∂Xvhsc da-Z-m-\nse Ah-km\ ]Øv

\mfp-I-fn¬ CAvXnIm v Ccn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚

hntbm-K-tijw Ahn-SpsØ ]Xv\n-amcpw CAvXnIm v Ccp-∂p.''

RßfpsS Kpcp -(\m-kzn-dp-±-o≥ A¬_m\n ) ]-d-bp∂p:

155. _pJm-cn(4/240), apkvenw(2157).

144 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""Cu lZoYn¬ \n∂pw CAvXnIm^v kvXoIƒ°pw BIm-

sa∂v ÿnc-s∏-Sp-∂p. F∂m¬ nXv\x- b-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-I, A\y-

]p-cp-jy-∑m-cp-samØv GIm-¥-Xbv°v kml-N-cy-ap-≠m-ImXncn°p-

I,- CXn-ep-]cn Ah-cpsS ImcyI¿Øm-°-fpsS (`¿Øm-hv, ]nXm-

hv) A\p-hm-Z-tØmsS Bbn-cn-°pI XpS-ßnb \n_-‘-\-I-tfmSv

IqSn amXsa CXv A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏Sq F∂-Xn¬ ]£m-¥-c-an-√.

Cu ]d-™h \n¿_-‘-am-sW∂v ImWn-°p∂ [mcmfw sXfnhp-

Iƒ \ap°v apºn-ep-≠v.

21. Xdm-holv \a-kvImcw

1.- \nb-a-]-cX

Xdm-holv \a-kvImcw kwL-Sn-X(-P-am-A-Xv)-ambn \n¿hln-

°-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

BC-i- ]d-bp∂p:

\_n Hcp Znhkw ]mXncmXn ho´n¬\n∂pw ]pdØvh∂v-

]≈n-bn¬sh®v (cm-Xn) \akvImcw Bcw-`n-®p. (CXv I≠v) \-

_nsb XpS¿∂p Ipsd Bfp-Ifpw \a-kvI-cn-®p. ASpØ Znhkw

]`m-X-Øn¬ P\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ CXv kwkmchnj-b-ambn.- A∂v

BZysØ Znh-sØ-°mƒ A[nIw Bfp-Iƒ ]≈n-bn¬ HØp-

146 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

Iq-Sn.- A∂pw ]hm-N-I≥ \a-kvImcw XpSßn.- Ah¿ At±-lsØ

XpS¿∂v \a-kvI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ASpØ Znhkw CXv ho-

≠pw P\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ kwkm-c-am-bn. aq∂m-asØ Znhkw [mcm-

fw t]¿ ]≈n-bn¬ ktΩ-fn®p.- Xncp-ta\n ho´n¬\n∂pw ]pdØvh-

∂p;- \a-kvImcw XpS-ßn. P\-ßƒ At±-lsØ XpS¿∂p \akvI-

cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. \mem-asØ Znhkw cmXnbm-b-t∏mƒ ]-

≈n-bn¬ Dƒs°-m-≈m\mhm-Ø-X Bfp-Iƒ ktΩ-fn®p.- (F∂m-

¬ Xncp-ta\n \a-kvIm-c-Øn-\mbn ]pd-Øp-h-∂n-√).- ]n∂oSv

]`mX \a-kvIm-c-Øn-\mbn \_n- ]≈n-bn-seØn.- \a-kvIm-c-

tijw Ahn-Sp∂v P\-ßsf A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂v- kXyhmNIß-

ƒ sNm√n ]`m-jWw XpSßn. XpS¿∂v- ]d™p: ""(C-∂-se) ]-

≈n-bn¬ \nß-fp-≠m-bn-cp∂ Imcyw F\n-°-dn-bm-ØXv sIm≠m-

bn-cp-∂n-√. ]t£,- adn®v (cm-Xn-\-a-kvIm-cw) \nßƒ°p-ta¬

\n¿_-‘-am-°-s∏-Sptam F∂v Rm≥ b-s∏- p-t]mbn.- (AXpsIm-

≠m-bn-cp∂p Rm≥ ]≈n-bn¬ hcm-Xn-cp-∂-Xv).- Aßs\ \n¿_-

‘-am-°-s∏-´n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ \nßƒ°Xv \ne-\n-¿-Øn-t∏-mcm≥ km-

[n-°msX hcp-am-bn-cp-∂p''-. \-_nbp-sS- hn-tbm-Kw-h-sc-bpw- Cu-

A-h-kv-Y- \n-e-\n-∂p.-(156)

]hm-N-Is‚ ac-Wm\¥cw At±lw b-s∏- n-cp∂ Imcyhpw

\oßn-t∏m-bn. At∏mƒ Xdm-holv \a-kvImcw Pam-A-Ømbn

Xs∂ \n¿h-ln-°s∏-Sm-hp∂ ÿnXn-hn-ti-j-am-bn.

A_-Zp¿dlvam≥ A¬ JmcnAv- ]d-bp∂p:-

156. _pJm-cn(3/220), apkvenw(761).

147\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""Hcp da-Z-m-\n¬ Rm≥ Da¿hn-t\m-sSm∏w ]≈n-bn¬ t]mIm-

\n-S-bm-bn. At∏m-g-hnsS P\-ßƒ n∂ hn`m-K-ß-fmbn Xncn™n-

cn-°p-∂Xv Rßƒ°v ImWm≥ km[n-®p. Nne¿- H‰°v cmXn \-

a-kvImcw \n¿h-ln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. a‰p-Nne¿- sNdpkwLß-

fmbpw. CXv I≠ Da¿ ""Cu P\-ß-sf-b-Xbpw Hscm-‰ Caman-

s‚ Iogn¬ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-´p-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw \√-sX∂v F\n°v tXm-

∂p∂p'' F∂-p ]d-™p. ]n∂o-S-t±lw Xs‚ Xocp-am\w \-S-∏n-

em-°p-Ibpw D_øv C_v\p IA-_ns‚ Iogn¬ Ahsc H-cp-

an®pIq´p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]n∂o-sSm-cn-°¬ At±-l-sØm-sSm∏w

Xs∂ F\n°v ]≈n-bn¬ t]mIm-\n-S-h-∂p. A∂-hnsS P\ßsf-

√mw Xß-fpsS (G-I) Cam-ans‚ \a-kvIm-csØ XpS¿∂v- \akvI-

cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ Da¿ ]d™p: "Cu

\qX\coXn hfsc \∂mbn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ CXn¬

]s¶-Sp-°msX Dd-ßp-∂-h-cmWv CXn¬ ]s¶-SpØv \a-kvI-cn®p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h-sc-°mƒ tijvT¿-'-. A°m-eØv P\-ßƒ cm-

Xn-bpsS BZy- m-KØv Xs∂ \a-kvI-cn-°m-dm-bn-cp∂p ]Xn-hv.''(157)

2. dIv-A-Øp-I-fpsS FÆw

Xdm-holv \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ dIv-A-Øp-I-fpsS FÆw Xn´s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ ]fin-X-∑m¿ n∂m-`n-]mbw ]pe¿Øn-bXmbnIm-

Wmw. Xdm-ho-lv- \-a-kvImcw hnXv¿ IqSmsX F´p dIv-AØpIfm-

Wv F∂-XmWv CXn¬\n∂pw Xncp-N-cy-tbmSv tbmPn® \ne]mSv.-

Im-c-Ww- B-C-i- ]-d-bp-∂p-:-

""]hm-N-I≥ da-Z-m-\nepw A√m-Ø-t∏mgpw (cmXn \akvIm-

cw) F´p dIv-A-Ø-p-I-sf-°mƒ A[n-I-cn-∏n-°m-dp-≠m-bncp∂n-

√.''(158)

157. _pJm-cn(4/218), A[n-Icn®v h∂ mKw amen-In-(1/114)s‚bpw A_vZp-¿dkmIzn-

(7723)-s‚bpw \nth-Z-\-Øn¬.

158. _pJm-cn(3/16), apkvenw(736). lm^nfv Xvlp¬ _mcn-(4/54)bn¬ ]d™p:

""Ah-cmWv (BCi )a‰m-sc-°mfpw ]hm-N-Is‚ cmXn-sb-Ip-dn®v Adnbp-

∂-h¿.''

148 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

B-C-i- bp-sS- Cu- l-Zo-Yn-t\m-Sv- ]-ap-J- kz-lm-_n-bm-b-

Pm-_n-dp-_v-\p- A-_v-Zp-√-hn-¬- \n-∂pw- D-≤-cn-°p-∂- l-Zo-Ypw- tbmPn-

°p-∂-Xm-bn- Im-Wmw-.- A-t±-lw- ]-d-™p-:-

""\-_n- d-a-Zm-\n¬- P-\-ßƒ-°v- C-am-am-bn- \n-∂p-sIm-≠v- cmXn-

\-a-kv-Im-cw- \-n¿-h-ln-®- Zn-h-kw- F- p- d-Iv-A-Øm-Wv- \-a-kv-I-cn®Xv.-

Xp-S¿-∂v- hn-Xv-d-pw- \n¿-h-l-n-®p.''(159)

Cu- Xn-cp-N-cy-sb- ]p-\-cp-÷o-hn-∏n-®- th-f-bn¬- ]-Xn-s\m-∂p-

d-Iv-A-Øv-- \-a-kv-I-cn-°m-\m-Wv- D-a¿ C-am-ap-am-tcm-Sv- I¬-]n-®-sX∂p-

Im-Wmw.- C-amw- am-en-Iv- X-s‚- ap-h-Xz(1/115)bn¬- ap-l-Ω-Zv- C-_v\p-

bq-kp-^n¬-\n-∂pw- A-t±-lw- kz-lm-_n-bm-b- km-C-_v- C-_v-\p-

b-ko-Zn¬-\n-∂p-w- \n-th-Z-\w- sN-øp-∂p-:- A-t±-lw- (km-C-_v-) ]dbp-

∂p-:

""B-fp-Iƒ-°v- C-am-ap-am-cm-bn- ]-Xn-s\m-∂p- d-Iv-A-Øv- (cm-Xn)

\-a-kv-Im-cw- \n¿-h-ln-°m≥- D-a¿ X-ao-ap-±m-cn-t\m-Spw- D-_-øv-

C-_v-\p- I-Av-_v-hn-t\m-Spw- I-ev-]n-®p.''- A-t±-l-w- -Xp-S-cp-∂p-:- ""A-

°m-e-Øv- C-am-apam¿- \q-dp-I-W-°n-\v- B-b-Øp-Iƒ- Hm-Xm-dp-≠mbn-

cp-∂p.- kp-Zo¿-L- \n-dp-Øw- Im-c-Ww R-ß-ƒ- h-Sn-I-fn¬- Du-∂nbm-

bn-cp-∂p- \-a-kv-Im-c-Øn¬- \n-∂n-cp-∂-Xv.- ]- m-tXm-Z-b-am-Ip-tºmƒ-

am-X-am-bn-cp-∂-p- R-ßƒ- ho-Sp-I-fnte-°v- a-S-ßn-bn-cp-∂-Xv.''-

159. C_v\p-ln-∫m≥ Xs‚ kzlo-ln(920)¬, Xz_vdm\n apAvPap- z-Ko-dn(]pdw

108)¬, C_v\p \kzv¿ Iznbm-ap-ss√en(]pdw 90)¬. AXns‚ k\Zv imlnZpI-

fm¬ kzlo-lm-Wv.

149\_n-bpsS t\mºv

ap-l-Ω-Zv- C-_v-\p- bq-kp- n-s‚- Cu- \n-th-Z-\-Øn-\v- hn-]-coXam-

bm-Wv C-tX- kw- -hw- b-ko-Zv- C-_v-\p- J-kzo- - D-≤-cn-®n-cn-°p∂Xv.-

A-t±-l-w- ]-d-bp-∂p-:

""A-∂v- (D-a¿-hn-s‚- -c-W-Ime-Øv-) C-cp-]-Xv- d-Iv-A-Øm-bncp-

∂p- \n-e-\n-∂n-cp-∂-Xv.'' -F∂m-enXv H‰-s∏´ \n-th-Z-\-a-mWv.- Imc-

Ww apl-ΩZv C_v\p bqkp^v bkzo-Zp_v\pJz-ko-^sb°mƒ

hniz-kvX\mWv. YnIzXn(hniz-kvX≥-)-s‚ A[nI hnh-c-W-ambn

]-cn-K-Wn-®p-Iq-tS- F∂v- C-Xn-s\- ]d-bm≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-√. Imc-

Ww Hcp YnIzXn (hnizkvX)s‚ kn-bm-Z-Ø-n(A-[n-I-hn-h-c-W)¬

as‰mcp YnIzXn(hn-iz-kvX)s‚ dnt∏m¿´n\v- hn-cp-≤-am-b- bmsXm-

∂p-ap-≠m-In√.- adn®v B-Z-y-sØ- YnIz-Xv- dn-t∏m¿-´v- sN-bv-X- Imcy-

sØ-°p-dn-®- A[n-I-hn-hcW-w amXs-a AXn-¬- Im-Wm≥- Xcap-

≈q. XvD¬ apKokn(1/99)epw,- al-m-kn-\p¬ -CkvXznemln(185)-

epw,- A¬In^mbx-(424-˛425)bnepw D≈-Xp-t]m-se.

C\n bko-Zv_p\p Jkzo- bpsS \nth-Z\w kz-lo-lv- BsW-

∂v sh®m¬Xs∂bpw AXv sXfn-hn\v kzoIm-cy-a-√. ImcWw

apl-ΩZv C_v\p bqkp- ns‚- lZoY-v Aw-dn-(I-ev]-\)s\ Ipdn°p-

∂Xpw Jkzo- bpsS cnhm-bØv A°m-esØ "\S-]Sn'(^n-Av¬)-

sb Ipdn-®p-amWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ I¿a-imkvX XØ-z-a-\pkcn-

®v Juev (hm-°p-Iƒ, Iev]-\) ^n-A-ven-(\-S-]-Sn/ ]hrØn)s\-

°mƒ ap¥n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv F∂-XmWv bmYm¿Y-yw.

Camw A_vZp¿-dkmIzv Xs‚ apkz-∂^n(7730)¬ ZmhqZv C_v-

\p ssJkn¬ \n∂pw a‰v Nne-cn¬ \n∂pw, At±lw apl-ΩZv C-

_v\p bqkp-^n¬\n∂pw At±lw kmC_v C_v\p bkoZn¬\n-

∂pw d-nt∏m¿-´v- sNøp∂p:

""Xao-ap-±-m-c-n-hns‚bpw D_-øn-_v\p IA_vhns‚bpw Iogn-

150 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

¬ da-Z-m≥ cmXn-I-fn¬ Ccp-]Øn H∂v dIv-AØv \a-kvI-cn-°m\m-

bn Da¿ P\-ßsf kwL-Sn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. Ah¿ (C-am-ap-am¿) \q-

dp-I-W-°n\v Bb-Ø-p-Iƒ HmXm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv ImcWw ]`m-

tXm-Z-b-am-Im-dm-hp-tºmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-∂p P\-ßƒ hoSp-I-fnte-

°v aS-ßn-bn-cp-∂-Xv.''

Cu dnt∏m¿´v Camw amenIv apl-ΩZv C_v\p b-qkp-^n¬ \n-

∂pw At±lw k-mC_v C_v\p bko-Zn¬\n∂pw D≤-cn® lZoYn-

t\mSv FXn-cm-Ip-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. Cu k\-Znse dmhn-I-sf√mw

Yn-Izm-Xv- (hn-iz-kvX¿) Bb-Xn-\m¬ ]Xy-£-Øn¬ lZoY-v kzlo-

lv BWv Xm\pw.

apl-ΩZv C_v\p bqkp-^ns‚ lZoYv "ap-Zv-X-d-_v-'- BsW∂v

hcpØnØ-o¿Øv,- t\csØ ]d™ bkoZv C_v\p Jkzo^bpsS

lZo-Y-n¬ h∂ "Ccp-]Xv dIv-AØv' F∂ Bibw ÿm]n-°m\m-

bn Nne Xev]c I£n-Iƒ apk-∂- ns‚ Cu \n-th-Z-\w- sXfnhm-

°m-dp-≠v.

F∂m¬ Cu hmZw \nc¿Y-Ihpw X≈-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.

Imc-Ww, Hcp \n-th-Z-I≥- ct≠m AXn-e-[n-Itam Xh-W, As√-

¶n¬ ct≠m AXn-e-[n-Itam \n-th-Z-I¿- hyXy-kvXhpw hncp≤hpw

kam-\-hp-amb coXn-bn¬ \nth-Z\w sNøp-∂Xpw GsX-¶nepw

Hcp hPvln(-h-gn)s\ ÿm]n-°m≥ DX-Ip∂ "ap≥KW-\m-kp-NI-

ßƒ C√m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºm-gmWv Hcp lZokv "ap-Zv-Xd_v'-

F∂v hnfn°s∏Sp--∂Xv.(160)

F∂m¬ Cu Imcy-ß-sfm∂pw aplΩZv C_v\p bqkp- ns‚

Cu lZo-Y-n¬ Cs√-∂-XmWv kXyw. ImcWw Camw amenIv D-

≤-cn® lZoY-v A_vZp¿-d-km-Jns‚ cnhm-b-Øn-s\-°mƒ "ln- vZv'-

(a\x-]mTw)s‚ Imcy-Øn¬ anI®p \n¬°p-I-bm-Wv.

Camw A_vZp¿-d-kmIzv D≤-cn® k\Zv \yq\-X-I-fn¬ \n∂pw

ap‡-am-sW∂v k¶-ev]n®psIm≠mWv \mw CXbpw hni-Zo-Icn-

®-Xv. F∂m¬ hkvXpX t\sc adn-®m-Wv. AXv Cßs\ hnhcn-

°mw:-

1) Camw A_vZp¿-dkm-Izn¬\n∂pw ap-kz-∂- v- \nth-Z-\w sNbvX-

160. XZvcolp¿dm-hn(1/262).

151\_n-bpsS t\mºv

h¿ [mcm-f-ap≠v.- Ah-cn¬ Hcmƒ amX-amWv CkvlmJv C_v-

\p C_vdmlo-w A±-_-cn.

2) Cu lZoY-v A_vZp¿-dkm-Izn¬ \n∂pw C_vdmlo-w A±-_cnbm-

Wv \nth-Z\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Abm-fmWv ap-kz-∂-^n-se

t\mºns‚ A[-ymbw cnhm-bXv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.(161)

3) X\n°v Ggv hb -v amXw ]mb-ap-≈-t∏m-gmWv A±-_cn C-

amw A_vZp¿-dkm-Izn¬ \n∂pw At±-l-Øns‚ KŸ-ßƒ

tI´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.(162)

4) Cu ""Z_cn'' Adn-b-s∏´ lZoYv ]fin-Xt\m Cu imkvX-

sØ Ipdn®v Ah-Km-l-ap≈ Btfm Bbn-cp-∂n-√.(163)

5) C°m-c-W-ß-fm¬ Camw A_vZp¿-dkm-Izn¬ \n∂pw Abmfp≤-

cn® \nth-Z\ßfn¬ "]ng-hp-Iƒ' [mcm-f-am-Wv. Abmƒ A_v-

Zp¿-dkm-Izn¬\n∂pw a‰v Iptd "shdp-°-s∏´' lZo-Y-p-Iƒ D≤cn-

®n- p≠.-v Camw A_vZp¿-dkm-Izns‚ ap-kz-∂- v- \nth-Z-\-Øn¬

Z_-cn°v ]‰nb ]ng-hp-Ifpw A£csØ-‰p-Ifpw Nne ]finX-

∑m¿ kam-l-cn-®Xv Hcp apkz-∂-t^m-fw- h-cp-asX!(164)

CXbpw hnh-cn-®-Xn¬\n∂pw Z_-cn-bpsS Cu \n-th-Z-\w-

X≈-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-sW∂v hy‡-amWv.- ImcWw Z_cn ChnsS

Abm-sf°mƒ hniz-kvX-cmb Bfp-I-tfmSv FXn-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

\ap°v a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv CXv Z_-cn°v kw -hn® Hcp A£c∏ng-

hm-bn-cn°mw F∂-Xm-Wv. ]Xn-s\m∂v F∂Xns\ Ccp]-Øn H-

∂v F∂v sX‰n-≤-cn®XmImw. AØcw A£-c-∏-n-i-Ip-Iƒ Abm-

ƒ°v kw-`hn-®n-´p-s≠∂ kXyw Xm¶fpw a\- n-em-°n-b-XmW-

t√m.-(165)

CXbpw ]d-™-Xn¬\n∂pw Cu cnh-m-bØv (Z_vcnbp-sS)

ap≥Idpw ap-k-z-lv-l-^-XpamsW∂pw ÿnc-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\m¬ CXv

sXfn-hn-\mbn- D∂-bn-°m≥ km[y-a-√∂v hy‡-am-Wv. At∏mƒ

]ns∂ Camw amenIv Xs‚ aph-XzC(1/115)¬ apl-ΩZv_v-\p-bq-

161. apkz-∂- v(4/153).

162. aokm-\p¬ CAvXnZm¬(1/181).



165. ImWpI: XlvZo-_p-Ø-lvZo-_v(6/310), aokm-\p¬ CAvXnZm¬(1/181).

152 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

kp- n¬\n∂pw At±-lw- km-C-_v- C-_v-\p-- --b-ko-Zn¬\n-∂pw- \nth-

Z\w sNbvXXv- amXw kzlo-lm-sW∂v ÿnc-s∏-Sp-∂p.(166)

166. hni-Z-oIc-W-ßƒ°pw Btcm-]-W-ßƒ°p≈ adp-]-Sn-Iƒ°pw ImWpI:

Aen lk≥ A_vZp¬ laoZv A¬ le-_n(KŸ-Im-c-∑m-cn-sem-cmƒ)bpsS

A¬ Iiv^p- z-colv A≥ A•m-Øn- zm-_q\n o kzem-Øn-Ø-dm-holv,

kzpbq-Øn-bpsS A¬ akzm-_olv o kzem-Øn-Ø-dm-ho-lv.

22.- ^nXzv¿kImXv

1.- hn[n-sb¥v?

C_v\p Da¿hn-s‚bpw C_v\p A∫m-kvhn-s‚bpw lZo-

kp-I-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ ^nXz-v¿ kImXv (hX-hn-c-m-a-tØm-sS-

\n¿_-‘-am-Ip∂ Zm\w) \n¿_-‘-am-sW∂v ImWmw.

C_v\p Da¿ ]d-bp∂p:

""da-Z-m-\nse Ah-km-\-tØmsS \¬tI≠ Zm\w (^nXz¿k-

Im-Xv) P\-ß-fpsS ta¬ \n¿_-‘-am°n \_n \n›-bn-®p.''(167)

C_v\p A∫mkv ]d-bp∂p:

""^n-Xzv¿- k-Im-Xv- \-_n-- \n¿-_-‘-am-°n- \n-iv-N-bn-®p.''-(168)

ssJkp_v\p kAvZv_v-\p D_mZx-hns‚ lZoY-v ASn-ÿm\-

am-°n, ^nXz-v¿kImXv \n¿_-‘-am-sW∂ \nbaw Zp¿_-e(\kv-

Jv) am°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂v Nne ]fin-X-∑m¿ hmZn-°p-∂p≠v.

167. _pJm-cn(3/291), apkvenw(984). A[n-I-ambn h∂- mKw apkven-an-s‚-Xv.

168. A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(1622), \kmCu(5/50). k\-Zn¬ A¬ lk-\ns‚ A≥A\bp-

s≠-¶n¬ t]epw sXm´p apºp≈ lZoYv AXn\v km£n \n¬°p-∂p.

154 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

ssJkv ]d-bp∂p:

""kIm-Xns‚ "\nbaw' Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v apºv \_n-

nXz-v¿kImXv (hX-hn-cm-a-tØmsS \n¿_-‘-am-Ip-∂-Xv) \¬-

Im≥ Rß-tfmSv Iev]n-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ kImXv \n¿-

_-‘-am-°-s∏-´Xv apX¬ ^nXz-v¿kImXv \¬Im≥ R-ß-tfmSv

Iev]n-°p-Itbm \¬I-cp-sX∂v hne-°p-Itbm sNbvXn√.- F∂m-

epw Rßƒ AXv sNbvXphcm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.''-

lm- nfv C_v\p-l-P-dp-¬ AkvIzem\n Cu lZo-kn\v \¬Ip-

∂ adp-]Sn (3/368) C]-Im-c-am-Wv:

1).- ""CXns‚ ]c-º-c-bn¬ (Adn-b-s∏-Sm-Ø) Hcm-fp-≠v.''(169)

2).- ""lZoY-v kzlo-l-m-sW∂v sh®m¬ Xs∂bpw Zp¿_-eam-

°-s∏-´-Xn-\v- (\kvJv)- CXn¬ bmsXmcp sXfn-hp-an-√. ImcWw

H∂m-asØ Iev]\ Xs∂-aXn F∂v Icp-Xn-bm-bn-cn°pw ]hmN-

I≥ ]tXyIw Iev]n-°m-Xn-cp-∂-Xv. amX-a√ Hcp ¿Z-ns‚ AhX-

cWw as‰mcp ^¿-Z-ns‚ \njvImk\w A\n-hm-cy-am-°-p-∂n-√.''

Camw JXzm-_n a-B-en-ap- p-\-\n(2:- 214)¬- ]d-bp∂p:

169. F∂m¬ At±lw ]n≥Xp-Sc-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. \km-C(5/49), C_v\p amPx(1/

585), Alva-Zv(6/6), C_v\p Jpsskax(4/81), lm°nw(1/410), ss_l-Izn(4/

159) F∂n-h¿ hnhn[ am¿K-ß-fn-eq-sS. AXns‚ ]c-ºc kzlo-lm-Wv.

155\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""Cu- l-Zo-Yv- ^n-Xzv¿- k-Im-Xv- \n¿-_-‘-am-sW-∂- I-ev-]-\-

\o-ßn-b-Xm-bn- Im-Wn-°p-∂n-√. Im-c-Ww- H-cp- B-cm-[-\-bp-sS- h¿K-

(Pn≥-kv-)Øn¬ h-∂- h¿-[-\-hv- (A-[-n-I- \n¿-tZ-iw-) A-Xn-s‚- A-

Sn-kv-Ym-\- `m-K-sØ- \-kv-Jv- sN-ø¬- \n¿-_-‘-am-°p-∂n-√.- A-Xn-

ep-]-cn- (C-hn-sS-) k-Im-Xv- \n¿-_-‘-am-sW-∂- I-ev-]-\- [-\-sØ-

_m-[n-°p-tºmƒ,- n-Xzv¿- k-Im-Xv- \n¿-_-‘-am-Ip-∂-Xv- hy-‡nIfp-

sS- ta-em-sW-∂-Xpw i-t≤-b-am-Wv.''

2.- B¿s°√mw \n¿_-‘-amIpw?

apkvenwI-fmb BWn\pw s]Æn\pw hen-b-h\pw sNdnbh-

\pw ASn-a°pw DS-a°pw nXz-v¿ kImXv \n¿_-‘-am-Ip-∂p. C_v-

\p Da¿ ]d-bp∂p:

""apkvenwIfmb kvXo°pw ]pcp-j\pw sNdn-b-h\pw henbh-

\pw ASn-a°pw DS-a°pw da-Z-m≥ hX-hn-cm-a-Øns‚ Zm\-ambn H-

cp kzmA-v tKmXtºm As√-¶n¬ Hcp kzmAv Imc-°tbm \¬I-

W-sa∂v \_n \n¿_-‘-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.''-(170)

A_q-lpd-bv-d-hn¬\n∂pw \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏´ Hcp lZoYn-

s‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ nXz-v¿ kImXv Ahn-izm-kn-bmb ASna°v-

hsc \n¿_-‘-am-sW∂v Nne ]fin-X-∑m¿ hmZn-°p-∂p-≠v. A-

_q-lp-d-bv-d \nth-Z\w sNøp∂p.-

\_n Acp-fn:

""ASn-a-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ nXvz-¿ kIm-X-√mØ as‰mcp kIm-

Xpw _m[-I-a-√.''(171) (ChnsS ASnasb- apkvenw Ft∂m Aapkv-

170. _pJm-cn(3/291), apkvenw(984).

171. apkvenw(982).

156 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

enw Ft∂m th¿Xn-cn-®n-´n√.- CXmWv Ah-cpsS hmZØns‚

ASn-ÿm-\w) F∂m¬ Cu lZoY-v s]mXp-hmb A¿Y-Ønep≈-

Xpw C_v\p Da¿hns‚ lZoY-v ]tXyI A¿Y-Øn-ep-≈-XpamIp-

∂p.

]tXyI A¿Y-ap≈(Jmkv)hm-°v- - s]mXp-hmb A¿Yap-

≈(Bav)hm°ns\- Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-sa-∂Xv kphn-Z-n-X-am-Wt√m.-

a‰p-Nne ]fin-X-∑m¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv, nXz-v¿ kImXv t\msºSp-

Ø-h¿°v amXsa \n¿_-‘-am-hp-I-bp≈q F∂mWv.- Ah-cpsS

hmZ-Øn-\m-[mcw C_v\p A∫m-kv-hn¬\n∂pw \nth-Z\w sNø-

s∏´ Hcp lZo-Y-m-Wv. At±lw ]d-bp-∂p:-

""t\mºp-Im-c\v Xs‚ t\mºn¬ kw`-hn-°m-\n-S-bp≈ Ipd-

hp-Iƒ°pw tæO-X-Iƒ°pw ip≤o-I-c-W-ambpw ]mh-s∏-´-h\v

Blm-c-am-bn-´p-amWv A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX≥ ^nXvz-¿ kIm-Xns\

\n¿_-‘-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.''

Camw JXzm-_n aB-en-ap- p-\-\n(3/214)¬ ]d-bp-∂p:-

""t\mºns\ hna-eo-I-cn-°pI F∂-XmWv ^nXz-v¿ kImXv

\n¿_-‘-am-°-s∏-Sm-\-p≈ D]m-[n-sb-¶n¬, kmº-ØnItijnbp-

≈ [\m-V-y\-pw Xs‚ `£-Wm-hiyw Ign®v an®w hcp∂ ZcnZ-

\pw ^nXz-v¿ kImXv Hcp-t]mse \n¿_-‘-am-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.

ImcWw t\mºns\ Agp-°n¬ \n∂pw hna-eo-I-cn-t°-≠Xv Gh¿-

°pw A\n-hm-cy-amb kwK-Xn-bm-Wv. \n¿_-‘-am-Im-\p≈ ""tlXp-

I''Øn¬ ]W-°m-c\pw ]mh-s∏- -h\pw Xpey-cm-sW-¶n¬ ]ns∂

AXv \n¿_-‘-am-sW∂ \nb-a-Ønepw c≠v t]cpw XpeycmIm-

157\_n-bpsS t\mºv

t\ Xc-ap-≈q.''

lm^nZ-v C_v\pl-P-dp¬ AkvIzem\n (3/369) \¬Ip∂

adp-]Sn C]-Im-c-am-Wv:

""lZo-Yn¬ ]d™ "hna-eo-I-cWw' F∂ tlXp `qcn-]£w

t\mºp-Im-scbpw ]cn-K-Wn®p ]d™ Hcp ]kvXm-h-\- am-XamWv.

t\mºn¬ Hcp Ip‰hpw hcp-Øm-Ø-, \√-h-s\∂pw [¿a-\n-jvTbp-

≈-h-s\∂pw Dd-∏p-≈-h¿°pw As√-¶n¬ kqcym-kvX-a-b-Øn\v

sXm´papºv apkvenam-b-h¿°p-t]mepw nXz-v-¿kImXv \n¿_-‘am-

Wt√m.''-

K¿`ÿ inip-hns‚ nXv¿kImXv:- Nne ]fin-X-∑m¿ K¿ -

ÿ inip-hn\pw nXvz-¿ kImXv \n¿_-‘-am-sW∂ ]£-°mcm-

Wv. ]t£,- CXn-\p-X-Ip∂ sXfn-hp-I-sfm∂pw \-ap-°nXp-hsc

e`n-®n- n-√. mjm-]-c-ambn K¿`m-h-ÿ-bn-ep≈ Ip™ns\ kzKo¿-

F∂v- ]d-b-s∏-Sm-dn√. (lZo-Y-n¬ kz-Kodn-\v nXv¿ kImØv \n¿-

_-‘-am-sW∂v amXsa ]d-™n-´p-≈p.)

3.- nXzv¿ kIm-Øns‚ C\-ßƒ

_m¿en, ap¥n-cn, ]m¬°-´n, Imc-° XpS-ßnb £y-h-kvXp-

°-fn¬ \n∂pw Hcp kzmAv F∂ tXmXn¬ ^nXz-v¿ kIm-Xmbn

\¬I-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. Camw _pJmcn dnt∏m¿´v sNbvX

A_qkCu-Zp¬ JpZvcnhns‚ lZoY-pw Camw C_v\-Jpsskax-

dnt∏m¿ v sNbvX C_v\p Da¿hns‚ lZo-Y-p-amWv CXn∂m[m-

cw.

A_q-k-Cu-Zp¬ JpZvcn ]d-bp∂p:

""ap¥n-cn, ]m¬°- n, Imc-°, bhw, XpS-ßnb hkvXp°fn¬-

158 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

\n∂pw AX-s√-¶n¬ a‰p- £yhkvXp-°-fn¬\n∂pw Hcp kzmAv

Rßƒ ^nXv¿ kIm-Xmbn \¬Im-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.''(172)-

C_v\p D-a¿ ]d-bp∂p:

""_m¿en, Imc-°, bhw XpS-ßnb hkvXp-°-fn¬\n∂pw Hcp

kzmAv ^nXz-v¿ kIm-Xmbn \¬Im≥ \_n Iev]n-®p.''(173)

A_q-kCu-Zp¬ JpZvcnhns‚ lZo-Y-n¬ h∂ Xz-Bw- (`-

£y-h-kvXp) F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ hyXykvX A`n-

]m-b-ßƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- n- p-≠v. tKmXºv F∂mWv A-Xns‚-

Xmev]-cy-sa∂v Nnecpw a‰v Nne £y-h-kvXp-°-fm-sW∂v thsd

Nnecpw A`n-]m-b-s∏- p-Im-Wp-∂p. F∂m¬, t\csØ hnh-cn°-

s∏-´Xpw Z-J-oJ,-v khoJv,- tKmX-ºv-- XpS-ßn-bh t]mse Af∂p

sImSp-°m≥ km[n-°p∂ F√mw-Xcw `£yhn`-h-ß-sfbpw Dƒ-

s°m-≈p-∂-XmWv Cu ]Z-sa-∂mWv \ap°v Xr]vXn-I-c-ambn tXm-

∂p∂ hyJym-\w. CØcw hkvXp-°-sf-√m-w-Xs∂ \_n -bpsS

Ime-L- -Øn¬ nXz-v¿kIm-Xmbn \¬I-s∏- n-cp-∂p -F-∂vl-ZoYp-

Iƒ km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

C_v\p A∫m-kv ]d-bp∂p:

""sNdn-b-h¿°pw hen-b-h¿°pw ASn-a°pw kzX-¥-\pw Hcp

kzmAv `£yhn`h-w d-aZ-m-\ns‚ kIm-Xmbn \¬Im≥ \_nRß-tfmSv Iev]n-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Bsc-¶nepw sXmenbn√m-

Ø tKmXºv nXvz-¿ kIm-Ømbn \¬In-bm¬ AXv kzoIcn°-

172. _pJm-cn(3/294), apkvenw(980).

173. C_v\p Jpsskax(4/80), lmInw(1/408- 410).

159\_n-bpsS t\mºv

s∏Spw.- Bsc-¶nepw [m\y-s∏m-Sntbm [m\y-s∏m-Sn-sIm-≠p-≠m°n-

b ]e-lm-c-tam nXz-v¿ kIm-Xmbn \¬In-bm¬ AXpw kzoIcn-

°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v IqSn Ahn-Sp∂v ]d-™-Xmbn Rmt\m¿°p-∂p.''(174)

C_v\p A∫m-kv-hn¬ \n∂p Xs∂ \nth-Z\w.- At±lw

]d-bp∂p: \_n C]-Imcw ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p:

""da-Z-m-\ns‚ kImXv (^nXv¿ kIm-Xv) Hcp kzmAv `£y-hn-

`-h-am-Ip-∂p. Bsc-¶nepw AXbpw sXmen-bp≈ tKmXºv sIm-

≠p-h-∂m¬ AXv kzoI-cn-°-s∏Spw.- Bsc-¶nepw sXmen-bn-√mØ

tKmXºv sIm≠p-h-∂m¬ AXv kzoI-cn-°-s∏Spw.- Bsc-¶nepw

Imc° sIm≠p-h-∂m¬ AXv kzoI-cn-°-s∏Spw.- _m¿en-sIm≠p-

∂m¬ AXpw kzoI-cn-°-s∏Spw.- Ahn-Sp∂v CXv IqSn ]d™p

F∂v F\n°v tXm∂p∂p Bsc-¶nepw [m\y-s∏m-Sn-sIm-≠p≠m-

°nb ]e-lmcw nXz-v¿kIm-X-mbn \¬In-bm¬ AXpw kzoIcn-

°-s∏-Spw.''-(175)

F∂m¬ ^nXz-v¿kIm-Øn-\-Øn¬ tKmXºv Ds≠-∂p≈Xn-

s\ \ncm-I-cn-°p∂ lZo-Y-p-Ifpw apB-hn-b Hcp kzmAv £y-

hn- -h-Øn\v ]I-c-ambn c≠v ap±-v (Ac -kz-m-Av) kndn-b≥ tKmXºv

sImSp-Øm¬ aXn-sb∂v A`n-]m-b-s∏- n- p≈ Imcyhpw tKmXºn-

s‚ Zu¿-e`y-X-sbbpw a‰v `£yhn`-h-ßƒ Ah-cpsS ][m\ `-

£yhkvXp-°-fm-bn-cp∂p F∂pw- ImWn-°m≥ th≠n amXamsW-

∂v hymJym-\n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. Camw C_v\p Jpsska A_q-

k-Cu-Zp¬ JpZvcnbn¬ \n∂pw D≤-cn® hm°p-Iƒ Cu Imcyw

IqSp-X¬ hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.

A_qk-Cu-Zp¬ JpZvcn ]d-bp∂p:

174. kzlo-lmb k\-tZm-Sp-IqSn C_v\p Jpsskax(4/80).

175. kzlo-lmb k\-tZm-Sp-IqSn C_v\p Jpsskax(4/80).

160 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""A°m-esØ RßfpsS Blmcw Imc-°bpw sXmenbn√m-

Ø tKmXºpw ap¥n-cnbpw ]m¬I-´n-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.''

amX-a√ tKmXºv nXz-v¿ kIm-Øn-\-Øn¬ \¬I-s∏-Sptºm-

ƒ c≠v ap±v (Ac- kzm-Av) aXn-sb∂pw AXns‚ c≠v ap±v a‰p `-

£y-h-kvXp-°-fpsS Hcp kzmA-v 4 ap±n-\v Xpey-am-sW∂pw hnhcn-

°p∂˛ ASpØ D]-io¿i-I-Øn¬ hcm-\n-cn-°p∂˛kz-lo-lmb

lZo-Y-p-Iƒ hna¿i-Is‚ \s -s√m-Sn-°m≥ t]m∂-h-bm-Wv. ]hmN-

I injy-∑msc th≠Xp-t]mse BZ-cn-°p∂ hnizmkn a\- nem-

t°≠ as‰mcp kwKXn apB-hn-b ]I-Sn-∏n® A`n-]mbw A-

t±-l-Øns‚ tIh-e-samcp Kth-j-W-a-s√∂pw alm-\mb ]hmN-

Is‚ lZo-Y-ns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ A`n-]m-bamsW∂pw Hcp

hni-Zo-I-c-Ww- am-X-am-bn-cp∂p AsX-∂pw- Adn-™n-cn-t°-≠Xm-

Wv.

4.- sImSpt°-≠-sXX?

t\csØ ]d-b-s∏´ `£yhn`-h-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Hcp kzmAv

^nXzv¿- kIm-Xmbn hnizmkn \¬tI-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬ tKm-

X-ºns‚ Af-hns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ A`n-]mb hyXym-k-ß-fp≠.-v

tKmX-ºm-sW-¶n¬ Ac kzmAv aXn F∂mWv Nne ]fin-X∑m¿

]d-bp-∂-Xv. Cu A`n-]m-b-amWv IqSp-X¬ icn-bm-bXpw sXfnhpI-

fpsS ]n≥_eap≈-Xpw. ImcWw \_n ]d-bp-∂p:-

""tKmXtºm sXmen-bp≈ tKmXtºm c≠m-fp-I-fpsS hnlnX-

Øn¬ Hcp kzmAv ^nXzv-¿ kImX-n\Øn¬ \nßƒ \¬Ip-I.-

As√-¶n¬ _m¿en, Imc-° F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp kzmAv.- Hm-

tcm ASn-a°pw kzX-¥\pw hen-b-h\pw sNdn-b-h\pw ^nXz-v¿

kIm-X-n-\-Øn¬ \nßƒ Zm\w sNøp-I.''-(176)

176. AlvaZv(5/432) YAve_-Øp_v\p kzpsF-dn¬ \n∂pw. AXns‚ ]c-ºcbn-

se Bfp-I-sf√mw hniz-kvX-cm-Wv. Cu lZo-Yn\v Zmd-IzpXzv\n(2/151)bpsS

ASpØv kzlo-lmb k\-tZmsS Pm_n-dn¬ \n∂v Hcp imln-Zp-≠v.

161\_n-bpsS t\mºv

kzmCs‚ Imcy-Øn¬ B[m-c-am-t°-≠Xv aZo-\-°-m-cpsS kzm-

C-s\bmIp-∂p. A_q-Zm-hqZv \nth-Z\w sNøp∂ C_v\p Da¿hn-

s‚ lZo-YmWv CXn-\p≈ sXfn-hv. At±lw ]d-bp∂p: \_n]d™p:

""Xq°-Øn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-t°-≠Xv a°-°-m-cpsS Xq°hpw Af-

hn-¬ ]cn-K-Wn-t°-≠Xv aZo-\-°m-cpsS Af-hp-am-Ip-∂p.''(177)

5.- Bcp-tS-sX√mw sImSpØpho´Ww?

Hcp apkvenw X\n-°p-th-≠nbpw Xm≥ sNehv sImSp-°¬

\n¿_-‘-amb sNdn-b-hcpw hen-b-hcpw ASn-a-Ifpw kzX¥cpam-

b F√m-h¿°pw- th-≠nbpw nXz-v¿ kImXv sImSpØp hot´≠-

Xm-Ip-∂p. C_v\p Da¿ ]d™p:

""\nßƒ sNehv sImSp-°¬ \n¿_-‘-am-°-s∏- -h-cn¬\n∂p-

≈ sNdn-b-h¿°pw hen-b-h¿°pw ASn-a-Iƒ°pw kzX-¥¿°pw

th≠n nXz-v¿ kImXv \¬Im≥ \_n Rß-tfmSv Iev]n°pI-

bp-≠m-bn.''(178)

6.- B¿°v hnX-cWw sNøWw?

^nXz-v¿ kIm-Xv- -a-‰p- k-Im-Xp-Iƒt]m-se- -A-Xn-\¿l-X-s∏´h-

¿°v amXsa hnX-cWw sNøm≥]m-Sp-≈q. Camw _pJmcn \nthZ-

\w sNbvX C_v\p A∫mkvhns‚ lZo-Y-ns‚ ASn-ÿm\Øn-

177. A_q-Zm-hq-Zv(2340), \kmCu(7/281), ss_lIzn(6/31) C_v\p Da-dn¬\n∂pw

kzlo-lmb k\-tZm-sS.

178. Zmd-IzpXzv\n(2/141), ss_l-Izn(4/161) ZCu- mb k\-tZmsS C_v\p Dadn-

¬ \n∂pw. ss_lIzn as‰mcp am¿K-Øn-eqsS Aen-bn¬ \n∂pw. F∂m¬

]cºc apdn-™-Xm-Wv. Cu lZo-Yn-\v C_v\p Da-dn¬ \n∂v auIzq- mb a-

s‰mcp dnt∏m¿ v C_v\p A_o-ssi_xbpsS apkz-∂^n(4/37)ep-≠v. CXns‚

]c-ºc kzlo-lm-Wv. Cu dnt∏m¿´v ImcWw lZoYv lk-\m-Wv.

162 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

¬ AXv ]mh-s∏-´-h¿°v- amX-am-sW∂v ImWmw.

C_v\p-A-∫mkv ]-d-bp-∂p:

""A«o-e-X-I-fn¬\n∂pw sNdp-hogvNIfn¬\n∂pw t\mºpIm-

c\v ip≤o--I-c-W-ambpw ]mh-s∏- -h¿°v Blm-c-Øn-\p≈ hIbm-

bpw ^nXzv¿ kIm-X-ns\ \_n- \n¿_-‘-am-°n- \n-›-bn-®p.''

CtX \ne-]m-SmWv ssiJp¬ Ckvemw C_v\p ssXanøx

At±-l-Øns‚ aPvaq-D-¬ ^Xmhm(25/71-˛78)bnepw,- At±lØn-

s‚ injy-\mb C_v\p¬J-ønw Xs‚ kmZp¬ aB-Zn(2/44)epw

]I-Sn-∏n-®n-´p-≈-Xv.

kIm-Xn-\¿lcmb F´v hn`m-K-°m¿°pw ^nXz-v¿ kImXv

hnX-cWw sNømw F∂mWv a‰p- Nn-e- ]fin-X-∑m-cpsS A`n]m-

bw. F∂m¬ Cu A`n-]m-b-Øn\v sXfn-hp-I-fn-eqsS ]n≥_ean-

s√-∂-XmWv hmkvX-hw. ssiJq¬ Ckvemw˛-Xs‚ XvhI-fn¬

CXns\ i‡n-bp‡w Jfin-°p-∂p-≠v.

^nXz-v-¿ kIm-Xn-\-Øn¬ e`n-°p∂ hkvXp-°ƒ kq£n-°m≥

Hcmsf \nb-an-°¬ \∂m-bn-cn-°pw. Camw _pJmcn D≤-cn® l-

Zo-Y-mWv CXn\v sXfn-hv. A_q-lp-d-bv-d- ]d-bp∂p:

""\_n ^nXz-v¿ kIm-X-ns‚ hkvXp-h-I-Iƒ kq£n-°m≥

Fs∂ Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn.''(179)

^nXz-v¿ kImX-v tiJ-cn-°m\pw kq£n-°m\pw c-Wm[nIm-

cn \nb-an-®n-cp∂ Bfp-I-fpsS ssIhiw C_v\pD-a¿- Xs‚

^nXz-v¿ kImØv s]cp-∂m-fn\v Ht∂m ct≠m Znhkw apºv X-

s∂ Gev]n-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

A_vZp¬ hmcnk,-v Aøq-_n¬ \n∂pw C_v\p Jpsskax(4/

83) \nth-Z\w sNøp∂p:

179. _pJm-cn(4/396).

163\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""Rm≥ (A_vZp¬ hmcn-kv) tNmZn-®p. ^nXv¿ kIm-Xns‚

Hcp kzm-Av £-W-]-Zm¿Y-w C_v\p Da¿ F∏m-gmWv hnXcWw

sNbvXn-cp-∂Xv? At±lw (A-øq-_v) ]d™p:- ""sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ

tPmen Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p∂ Znh-kw-ap-X¬.'' Rm≥ tNmZn®p:- ""sXm-

gn-em-fn-Iƒ A°m-eØv sXmgn¬ \ndp-Øn-bn-cp-∂Xv Ft∏m-gmbn-

cp∂p?'' At±lw ]d™p: ""s]cp-∂m-fn\v Ht∂m ct≠m Znhkw

D≠m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ.''

7.- hn-X-cWw \S-tØ≠ kabw

P\-ßƒ s]cp-∂m¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn-\mbn(180) ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v

apºmbn ^nXz-v¿ kImXv hnX-cWw ]q¿Øn-bm-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.

s]cp-∂mƒ \a-kvImctij-ap≈ ka-b-ß-fn-te°v nXz-v¿ kIm-

Xns\- ]n¥n-°p-hmt\m As√-¶n¬ s]cp-∂m-fn\v c≠v Znh-kß-

sf-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ ap≥Iq-dmbn hnX-cWw sNøp-hmt\m ]mSp≈-

X-√. lZo-Y-ns‚ \nth-Z-I-\mWv B- l-Zo-Y-ns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-WsØ

Ipdn®v G‰hpw \∂mbn Adn-bp-∂-h≥ F∂ XØ-z-]-Imcw C_v-

\pD-a¿hn¬\n∂pw \nth-Z\w sNø-∏´ lZoY-v CXn\v sXfnhm-

Ip-∂p. C\n \a-kvImc tij-amWv AXv hnX-cWw \S-Øn-bsX-

¶n¬ AXn\v tIhew Hcp Zm\-Øns‚ ]Xn-^ew amXsa e`n-

°p-I-bp≈q.- C_v\p A∫m-kv \nth-Z\w sNøp∂p:

""Bsc-¶nepw \a-kvImc(s]-cp-∂mƒ)-Øn\v apºv nXz-v¿ k-

ImXv hnX-cWw ]q¿Øn-bm-°-n-bm¬ AXv nXzv¿ kIm-Xm-bnØ-

s∂ kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. Bsc-¶nepw \a-kvImctij-amWv

AXv hnX-cWw \S-Øp-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXv shdpw Hcp kz-ZJx- am-

X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.''

180. ImWpI: Aen lk≥ A_vZp¬ laoZv A¬ le-_n(KŸ-Im-c-∑mcnsem-

cmƒ)bpsS AlvImap¬ CussZ≥ n p-∂-Øn¬ apXz-lvl-dx.

164 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

8.- nXz-v¿ kImXn-se- bp‡n

t\mºp-Im-c\v t\mºn¬ kw -hn-°m-\n-S-bp≈ A«o-eXIfn-

¬ \n∂pw ]mgv]-h¿Ø-\-I-fn¬ \n∂pw ip≤o-I-c-tWm-]m[nbm-

bpw s]cp-∂m-fns‚ Zn\-Øn¬ Zcn-Z\v Blm-c-Øn-\p≈ hIbm-

bp-amWv ^nXzv¿ kImXv \_n \nb-a-am°n X∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

-23. ]pWy da-Z-m\pw

Nne Zp¿_e lZo-Y-p-Ifpw

P\-ßsf PmKcq-I-cm-°m\pw kXyw hy‡-am-°m-\p-ambn

Cßs\ Hc-[ymbw IqSn Xocp-am-\n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. CXns‚

]m[m\yw B¿°pw A⁄m-X-a-√t√m.-

s]m≈-hm-Z-°m-cpsS "Xncp-Ø-ep-Ifn'¬ \n∂pw hgn-]n-g®hcp-

sS hnX-fi-hm-Z-ß-fn¬\n∂pw AXn- -‡-cp-sSbpw aXXoh-hmZn-

I-fp-tSbpw hymJym\- Ik-¿-Øp-I-fn¬- \n∂pw \_nbpsS Xncp-

N-cy(-kp-∂-Øv)sb ImØv c£n-°m≥ \oXn-am-∑m-cmb hmlI∑m-

sc F°m-eØpw A√mlp \ntbm-Kn-®n-´p-s≠-∂Xv Ncn-Xw. Zp¿-

_-ehpw \n¿a-n-Xhpw hym-P-hp-amb \nc-h[n lZo-Y-p-Iƒ \o≠

\q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ \_n-N-cy-bn¬ IS-∂p-Iq-Sn-bn- ps≠∂p≈-

Xpw kXyw. F∂m¬ ImemIme-ß-fn¬ CØcw lZo-Y-p-Isf

Ipdn®v hy‡hpw hni-Z-hp-amb hnh-cWw \ap°v \¬In-bn- mWv

ap≥Kman-I-fmb ]fin-X-∑mcpw Cam-ap-amcpw IS∂pt]mbn-´p≈-

Xv. F∂m¬ ]`m-j-I-cp-sSbpw Fgp-Øp-Im-cp-sSbpw ]h¿Ø-\-

ta-Je ho£n-°p∂ Hcmƒ°v C∂pw ImWm-\m-hp∂ Hcp kwK-

Xn, lZo-Y-p-Isf Ah-bn¬ IqSn°-e¿Ø-s∏´ hymP-∑m-cn¬ \n-

∂pw th¿Xn-cn®p hnh-cn®p Xcm≥ ]m]vX-amb KŸtiJ-cßƒ

D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-´p-IqSn Ah-cmcpw CXn-\X ]m[m\yw Iev]n-®n´n-

s√-∂-Xm-Wv.

Cu Kpcp-Xc ]iv\w Cu hnip≤ hn⁄m\ imJ°pw X-

166 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

Zzmc-m- P-\-ßƒ°pw hcpØnsht®-°m-hp∂ Zpjv]h-W-X-IfX-

bpw hnh-cn®p ]d-bpI \-Ωp-sS Dt±-iy-a-√. F∂m¬ GsXmcp

]`m-j-W-Ønepw teJ-\-Ønepw ImWm\pw tIƒ°m-\panSbp-

≈,- henb tXmXn¬ P\-ß-fn¬ ]Nmcw t\Sn-b-Xp-amb Nne

Zp¿_e lZo-Y-p-Isf°-pdn®v amX-amWv ChnsS hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

""Hcp kq‡-amWv \nßƒ°v e`n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXbpw

a‰p-≈-h¿°v \nßƒ FØn®psImSp-°pI''(181) F∂ ]hm-NI

\n¿tZ-i-hpw,

"aXw AXv KpW-Imw-£-am-X-am-sW'(182)∂ AhnSp-sØ D]tZ-

i-hp-amWv \-ap-°nXn-\p≈ t]c-Iw.

hnhn[ hn`mKw P\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ ]Nmcw t\Snb Zp¿_e

lZo-Y-p-I-fpsS kwJy hfsc hep-XmWv.- kzlo-lmb lZo-YpIƒ

At\Iw e`y-am-bn-cp-∂n- p-IqSn AXns\°-pdn-®-h¿ ]d-bp-∂n-s√∂v

amX-a-√, Zp¿_e lZo-Y-p-Iƒ hnf-ºp-∂-Xn¬ bmsXmcp Dt]£-

bpw Ah¿ ImWn-°m-dp-an-√. A√mlp alm-\mb A_vZp√mln_v-

\p ap_m-d-Iv \v Icp-W-sN-øs´.- At±lw ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn:-

""Zp¿_e lZo-Y-p-Isf At]-£n®v kzlo-lmb lZo-Y-p-I-

fn¬ Xs∂ th≠p-thmfw tPmen-bp-≠v-.''-- A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p ap_m-

d-In s\ t]mep≈ almcY-∑m¿ Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ \ap°v amXr-

Ibpw kwip≤ hn⁄m\w \ΩpsS coXn-bp-am-I-s´.

lZoYv 1

Zp¿_e lZo-Y-p-I-fn¬ Gsd ]Nm-c-ap≈ Hcp lZoY-v Xmsg

]d-bp-∂p:-

181. _pJm-cn(6/361).

182. apkvenw(55).

167\_n-bpsS t\mºv

""da-Z-m-\n-ep≈ ]pWyw P\-ßƒ Xncn-®-dn-™n-cp-s∂-¶n¬

h¿jw apgp-h≥ da-Z-m≥ Bbn-cn-°m≥ Ah¿ BK-ln-°p-am-bncp-

∂p. h¿jm-cw`w apX¬ h¿jm-h-km-\w-hsc da-Z-m-\ns\ kzoIcn-

°m-\mbn kz¿Kw Ae-¶-cn-°-s∏´psIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.''

Pco-dp-_v\-p A_vZn√ A¬_P-en-bpsS XzcoIzn(h-gn-)-eq-sS

ipA-_n-bn¬ \n∂pw At±lw \m^n-Av C_v\p _p¿Zbn¬\n-

∂pw At±lw A_qakvDuZn¬ K -v- m-cn-bn¬\n∂pw \nthZ\w

sNbvX-Xmbn C_v\p-Jp-ssk-abpw(1886),- A√mam C_v\p¬

Pukn InXm-_p¬ au-Z-q-B-Xn(2/188˛189) (\n¿anX lZo-Y-p-I-fpsS

kamlm-cw)epw, A¬aXzm-en-_p¬ Ben-ø-bpsS I¿Ømhv kqNn-

∏n-®Xv t]mse Camw A_qbAvem Xs‚ apkv\Znepw Cu l-

ZoY-v D≤-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.

CsXmcp sI´n-N®a-°-s∏´ (a-uZ-q-Av) lZo-Y-m-Ip-∂p. CXns‚

]c-º-c-bn-ep≈ Pco-dp-_v\p-A-_v-Zp√ Xs∂-bmWv Cu ]cºcbp-

sS ]iv\w. Abm-sf°-p-dn®v lm^nZ-v C_v\p-l-P¿ enkm\p¬

aokm-\n(2/101)¬ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv:

""Cbmƒ Zp¿-_-e-X-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ ]kn-≤-\m-bn-cp-∂p''--

F∂m-Wv. XpS¿∂v C_v\p-l-P¿ A_q-\-Cuw Cbmsf°pdn®v

]d-™-Imcyw Cßs\ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p:-

""Abmƒ lZo-Y-p-Iƒ sI´n®-a-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.''

Abm-sf-°-p-dn®v Camw _pJmcn ]d-™Xv:

""lZoYv-hnj-b-Øn¬ shdp-°-s∏´h≥''- F∂pw Camw \km-

Cu- ]d-™-Xv:

168 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

"Hgn-hm-°-s∏-tS-≠-h≥'-- F∂p-a-m-Ip-∂p.

sI´n-bp-≠m-°-s∏´ (au-Zq-Av) lZoY-v F∂mWv C_v\p¬

Pukn CXns\ hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xv. Cu lZoY-v D≤-cn® tijw C-

_v\p-Jp-sska ]d-™Xv:

""lZoY-v kzlo-lm-Im≥ hnZq-c-km-[yX Ds≠-¶n¬ Xs∂

P-co-d-p-_v\p A_vZp-√msb Ipdn®v "a\- n¬' Nne hntbm-Pn-∏p≠v''

F∂m-Wv.

lZoYv 2

""tl P\-ßtf,- \nßƒ°nXm al-Øm-sbmcp amkw kamK-

X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. B am-k-Øn¬ Bbncw amk-sØ-°mƒ ]pWy-

I-c-amb Hcp cmXn-bp-≠v. B amk-Øns‚ ]I-ep-I-fn¬ t\msºSp-

°¬ \n¿_-‘-ambpw AXnse cmXn-I-fn¬ \n∂p-]m¿Y-n-°¬

(\-akvI-cn-°¬) ]pWy-I-c-ambpw A√mlp \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

B amk-Øn¬ sF—-nI(kp∂-Øv)amb GsX-¶nepw ]pWyw

sNbvXv A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv ASp-°m≥ Bsc-¶nepw ian-®m¬ a‰v

amk-ß-fn¬ Hcp \n¿_‘ I¿a-w ]h¿Øn-®-hs\ t]msebmbn-

cn°pw Ah≥. AXns‚ Bcw`w A\p-K-lhpw a[y-`mKw ]m]-

tamN-\hpw Ahkm\-w \cItamN-\-hp-am-Ip-∂p.''

CXpw kpZo¿L-amb Hcp lZo-Y-m-Wv. AXnse ]k-‡- `m-

K-ßƒ amXsa ChnsS ]cm-a¿in-®n-´p-≈p.

Cu lZoY-v Aenøv_v\p sskZv_v\p PZv-Bs‚ XzcoIzn (h-

169\_n-bpsS t\mºv

gn-eq-sS)eqsS kCuZv C_v\p apk-ø-_n¬\n∂pw At±lw k¬-

am-\p¬ ^mcn-knhn¬\n∂pw \nth-Z\w sNøp-∂-Xmbn Camw

C_v\pJp-sska(1887)bpw alm-anen Xs‚ Aamen(293)ønepw

Ckzv_lm\n At±-l-Øns‚ AØ¿Ko_n(178)epw D≤-cn®n´p-

≠v.

Aen-øp_v\p sskZv_v\p P-Zv-B≥ Zp¿_-e-\m-bXv ImcWw

Cu lZoY-pw Zp¿_-e-am-sW∂v hne-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂p.

C_v\pkAZv ]d-bp∂p:

""Cu dmhn-bn¬ (Aen-øv-) Zp¿_eX-bp≠v.- AXn-\m¬ Cbm-

sf sXfn-hn\v sIm≈-n-√.''

Al-ΩZv C_v\p-l-º¬ ]d™p:

""Cbmƒ Jh-nøv (_e-hm≥) A√.''

C_v\p-a-Cu≥ ]d-bp∂p:

""Cbmƒ Zp¿_-e-\mWv.''

C_v\pA_o ssJY-a-- ]d-bp∂p:-

""F√m-Im-cy-Ønepw Abmƒ Zp¿_-e-\m-Wv.''

C_v\p-Jp-sska ]d-bp-∂p:-

""Abm-fpsS Hm¿a- ]ni-Ip-Im-cWw Rm\-bmsf sXfn-hn-\mbn

kzoI-cn-°m-dn-√.''- (XlvZo_p-Ø-lvZo_v 7/322˛323).-

Abm-fpsS \nth-Z\w dnt∏m¿´v sNbvX tijw C_v\pJp-

sska ]d-™Xv:

170 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

""lZoYv icnbm-bm¬'' F∂m-Wv.

Camw kpbq-Xz-n Xs‚ PwD¬Phm-an-C(23714)¬ C_v\p lP¿-

A¬-AXzvdm-^n¬ \n∂v D≤-cn°p-∂p:-

""Cu lZo-Y-ns‚ Ah-ew_w Aenøv_v\p sskZmWv.- Abm-

fm-sW-¶n¬ Zp¿_-e-\pw.''-

Cu lZo-Y-n-s\-°-p-dn®v C_v\p A_o-lmXnw Ce-ep¬ lZoYn-

(1249)¬ Xs‚ ]nXm-hn¬\n∂pw D≤-cn-°p-∂Xv:

""shdp-°-s∏´ A⁄m-X-amb lZoY-v!''- F∂m-Ip-∂p.

lZoYv 3

""t\msº-Sp°q Btcm-Ky-w- t\-Sq.''

\lvi¬ C_v\p kA-Zos‚ Xzco-In-eqsS (hgn) Z-lv-lmIn¬

\n∂pw At±lw C_v\p A∫m-kvhn¬\n∂pw \nth-Z\w sNbv-

X kpZo¿L-am-sbmcp lZo-Y-ns‚ Hcp mKw amX-am-Wn-Xv. Camw

C_v\p AZnøv A¬Imanen(7/2521)¬ CXv D≤-cn-®n-´p-≠v.

Cu ]c-º-c-bn-ep≈ \lvi-¬ C_v\pk-AZv aXv-dqIv (]pdw-

X-≈-s∏-´-h-\m-Wv).- as‰mcp dmhn-bmb Z-lv-lm-Iv- BsW-¶n¬

C_v\pA∫mkvhn¬ \n∂pw t\cn´p tI -Xmbn ÿnc-s∏- n´pan-

√.

CtX lZoY-v apl-Ω-Zv- C-_v\p-kp-sse-am-\p_v\p A_q-Zm-

hq-Zns‚ hgn-bn-eqsS kpssl-d-p-_v\p apl-Ω-Zn¬\n∂pw At±lw

kpssl-ep_v\p A_o-kzm-en-ln¬ \n∂pw At±lw A_q-lpdbv-

d-hn¬\n∂pw \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-´-Xmbn Camw Xz_vdm\n Hu-

k-Xn(69)-epw XJvcoPp¬ ClvbmC(3/87)¬ D≈-Xp-t]mse A_q-

171\_n-bpsS t\mºv

\p-sFw AXzn∫p∂-_-hn-b-nepw C_v\p _pssJXv Ppkv-Cepw

D≤-cn-®-Xmbn id-lp¬ Clvbm-C(7/401)-¬- ]-d-bp-∂p.

Cu k\Zpw Zp¿_-e-am-Ip-∂p. Camw A_q-_Iv¿ A¬ AYvdw-

]d-bp-∂p:- kpssl-d-p_v\p apl-Ω-Zn¬ \n∂pw kndn-b-°m¿ cnhm-

bØv sNøp∂ lZ-o-Y-p-Isf Ipdn®v kwkm-cn-°p∂ Ah-kcØn-

¬ Camw A“Zv _n≥lº-¬ C]-Imcw ]d-bp-∂Xv Rm≥ tI´p˛

Ah¿ (knd-n-b-°-m¿) kpssl-dp_v\p apl-Ω-Zn¬\n∂pw ap≥Idm-

b lZo-Y-p-Iƒ amX-amWv dnt∏m¿´v sNøp-∂-Xv.

A_q-lmXnw ]d™p: Abm-fpsS Hm¿a-bn¬ ]niIv kw`-

hn-®n-´p-≠v. Abmƒ kndn-b-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ \nth-Z\w

sNbvX lZo-Y-p-Iƒ Cdm-J-n¬ Abmfp-≠mbn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ dnt∏m¿ v

sNbvX lZo-Y-p-I-sf-°mfpw ap≥Idp-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-s∂mcp

ImcWw Hm¿a-sØ-‰v Xs∂.

Camw APen ]d-bp∂p: imap-Im¿ (kndn-b°m¿-) kpssldp-

_v\p apl-Ω-Zn¬\n∂pw \nth-Z\w sNøp∂ lZo-Y-p-Iƒ F\n°v

Xosc C„-an-√m-Ø-h-bm-Ip-∂p. C]-Imcw XlvZo-_p¬ Iamen(9/

417)¬ -D≠v.

Rm≥ ]d-bs´; kpssl-d-p-_v\p apl-Ω-Zn¬\n∂pw lZoY-v

dnt∏m¿´v sNbvX apl-ΩZv_v\p kpsse-am≥ iman (kndn-b-Imc-

≥) Bbn-cp-∂p. Abm-sf-°p-dn®v XmcoJv Zna-ivJn(15/386)¬ hnhcw

h∂n- p-ap-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v apl-ΩZv_v\p kpsse-am≥ kpssldp-

_v\p aplΩ-Zn¬\n∂pw dnt∏m¿´v sNbvX Cu lZo-Y-v-˛-]finX-

∑m¿ A`n-]m-b-s∏- Xv t]mse- -ap≥Idns‚ C\-Øn¬ s]-Sp-∂Xm-

Wv.

lZoY-v 4

""tcmKtam \ymb-amb Imc-Wtam IqSmsX Bsc-¶nepw daZm-

\nse Hcp Znh-ksØ t\mºv Hgn-hm-°n-bm¬ h¿jw apgp-h≥

t\msº-Sp-Ømepw ]I-c-ambn aXn-bm-Ip-∂-X-√˛ Hcp-thf Ah≥

172 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

t\msº-Sp-Øm¬X-s∂.''

Camw _pJmcn Xs‚ Pman-D zlol-n(4/160-˛-^Xvlv)¬ Cu

lZoY-v k\ZpI-ƒ hnh-cn-°msX "XAve-oIzm'bn sIm≠p-h-∂n´p-

≠v.

A_q-ap-X-z-hv-hn-kns‚ Xzcn-J-n-eqsS Abmƒ Xs‚ ]nXm-

hn¬\n∂pw ]nXmhv A_q-lpd-bv-d--bn¬-\n-∂pw- \n-th-Z-\w- sNbv-

X-Xm-bn- C_v\p Jpsska Xs‚ kzlo-lnepw (1987) Xn¿apZnbn-

(723)epw A_q-Zm-hqZn-(2397)epw C_v\p-amPx-(1672)bn-epw \km-

Cu-(373)bn-epw ss_lJn(4/228)bn-epw C_v\pl-P¿ XA-veoIzp-

ØAveoJ-n(3/170)epw CtX lZoY-v tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xmbn Im-

Wmw.

C_v\p lP¿ Xvlp¬ _mcn-(4/101)bn¬ tcJs∏SpØp-

∂p:-

""Cu lZo-Y-ns‚ ]c-º-c-bn-ep≈ l_o_vC_v\p A_o-km-

_n-X-ns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ Imcy-amb n∂-X-Iƒ D≠m-bn- p-≠v. Abm-

fn¬ aq∂v hn[w t]mcm-bva-Iƒ F\n°v Is≠-Øm≥ km[n-®p.

(1) A¬ CZvXn-dm_v

(2) A_p¬ apXz-hv-hn-kns‚ Ah-ÿ-sb-Ip-dn-®p≈ Ahy-‡X.-

(3) A_p¬ apX-z-hv-hn-kns‚ ]nXmhv C_v\pA∫mkvhn¬\n-

∂pw lZoY-v t\cn´ptI´ Imcy-Øn-ep≈ kwi-bw.''

Cu lZoY-v \nth-Z\w sNbvX tijw Camw C_v\p Jpssk-

ax- \S-Ønb ]kvXm-h\ it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p:

""Cu lZoY-v kzlolv BsW-¶n¬ Xs∂; \n›bw apXzhvhn-

kns‚ aI-s\bpw ]n-Xm-hn-s\bpw F\n-°-dn-bn-√. Bb-Xn-\m¬

Cu lZoY-v Zp¿_ew Xs∂-bm-Ip-∂p.''

kam-]\w

lZoY-v ]fin-X-∑m¿ Zp¿_-es∏-Sp--Øp-Ibpw _elo\amsW-

∂v hn[nFgp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvX \mev lZo-Y-p-I-sf-°p-dn-®mWv \mw

CXbpw hni-Zo-I-cn-®-Xv. F∂mepw Cu lZo-Y-p-Iƒ B\p-ImenI-

ß-fn¬ hmbn-°m\pw ]`m-j-W-ß-fn¬IqSn [mcm-f-ambn tIƒ-

173\_n-bpsS t\mºv

°m\pw km[n-°p-∂p. ]tXy-In®v ]pWy d-a-Z-m-\nse ]hnX Zn-

\-cm-X-ß-fn¬.

Cu lZo-Y-p-I-fn¬ Nne-Xn-s‚-sb√mw kmc-ßƒ hnip≤ Izp¿-

B\nepw Xncp-kp-∂-Ønepw ÿnc-s∏´h Xs∂-bm-Wv. ]t£,-

A√m-lp-hns‚ ]hm-N-I≥ ]d-bmØ HcpImcyw A-t±-l-Ønte-

°v tN¿Øv ]d-bp-∂-Xn\v "CXv' Hcp \ymbo-I-c-W-am-Ip-∂-X√.-

A¬lw-Zp-en-√mlv! k\-Zp-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ amXw sXfn-

hp-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°p∂ coXn apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ khn-tijX-

bmbn A√mlp ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Ønb Imcy-ap-≈-t∏mƒ hntijn-

®pw; CØcw lZo-Y-p-Iƒ \ncp-Ø-c-hm-Z-]-c-ambn D≤-cn-°p-∂Xv

`qj-W-a-√. ImcWw k\-Zp-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv If-¶nX-

am-bXpw kzoIm-cy-am-bXpw- icn-bm-bXpw Zpc¿Y-ap-≈-Xp-sa√mw

hne-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Npcp-°-Øn¬ k\-Zp-Isf°-pdn-®p≈ ]T-

\w Atß-b‰w kq£v-a-am-Wv. AXns\ Ipdn®v

""ipXn-bmbn ssIam-d-s∏-Sp∂ ⁄m\-ß-fpsS \ymb-imkvX-

hpw NcnXßfpsS icn sX‰p-Iƒ Is≠-Øm-\p≈ am\-Z-fihp-

am-sW-∂v''- F-∂p- ]d-™-bmƒ-;- -Xo¿®-bmbpw ]iwk A¿ln°p-

∂p-≠v.

A\p-_‘w 1

CAvXnIm^v

aq∂v ]≈nIfn¬ amXtam?

CAvXnIm v Ccn-°¬ A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-bXv akvPn-Zp¬ ldmw,

akvPn-Zp-∂-_-hn, akvPn-Zp¬ AIzvkm F∂o aq∂v ]≈n-I-fn¬

amX-amWv F∂v A`n-]m-b-s∏´ ]fin-X-∑m¿, KŸ-Im-c-∑msc-

t∏m-se, Ckvem-anI temI-Øp-s≠-¶nepw F√m ]≈n-I-fnepw

CAvXnIm v km[p-hmIpw F∂ A`n-]m-b-amWv IqSp-X¬ ]_-

ew. Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ sXfn-hp-Iƒ i≤n-°p-I.

1. ""\nßƒ ]≈n-I-fn¬ CAvXnIm-^n-em-bn-cns° Ahcpam-

bn (`mcy-am-cp-ambn) _‘-s∏-S-cpXv'' F∂ Izp¿-B≥ kq‡Øn¬

]≈n-Iƒ F∂v s]mXp-hm-bn-´mWv ]d-™-Xv. B hym]Im¿Y-

sØ ]tXy-I-am-°p∂ hn[-Øn-ep≈ Jfin-X-amb sXfn-hpIfn-

√.

2. BCi ]d-bp∂p: ""CAvXnIm- n-cn-°p-∂-h¿°p≈ \_n-

Ncy-bmWv (kp∂Øv) am\p-jn-Im-h-iy-ßƒ°-√msX ]pdØv

t]mIm≥ ]mSn√ F∂-Xv. Pam-AØv \S-°p∂ ]≈n-I-fn-e-√msX

CAvXnIm-^p-an-√.''(1)

ChnsS BCi Pam-AØv \S-°p∂ ]≈n-Iƒ F∂-√msX

Aºn-bm-°≥am¿ \n¿an® aq∂v ]≈n-Iƒ F∂v ]-tXy-I-am-°p∂n-

√. Aen, C_v\p akv-DuZv XpS-ßn-b-hcpw Cu aq∂v ]≈nIfn-

1. ss_lIzn.

176 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

e-√m-sXbpw CAvXnIm^v km[p-hmIpw F∂ A`n-]m-b-°m-cm-

Wv.(2)

3. kzlm-_n-am-cpsS Ime-L- -Øn-¬ Xs∂ ap≥]-d™ aq∂v

]≈n-I-fn-e-√msX Bfp-Iƒ CAvXnIm-^n-cp∂ kw`hßfp≠m-

bn-´p-≠v. F∂n-´-h-cmcpw AXns\ FXn¿Øn-ń-√. lpssZÂ_vZp-√m-ln_v\p akv-Du-Zns‚ ASp-°¬ sN∂v ]d™p: ""Xm-

¶-fp-sSbpw A_q-aq-k¬ Aiv-A-cn-bp-sSbpw hoSn-\n-S-bn¬ CAvXn-

Im-^n-cn-°p∂ Nnesc \nßƒ I≠n´pw F¥p-sIm≠v Xm¶ƒ

Bt£-]n-®n√? aq∂v ]≈n-I-fn-e-√msX CAvXnI- n-s√∂v Xm¶-

ƒ°-dn-bp-at√m?'' At∏mƒ A_vZp-√m-ln-_v\p akv-DuZv ]d-

™p: ""Xm¶ƒ°v ]nghv ]‰p-Ibpw Ah¿ icn-]m-]n-°p-Ibpw

sNbvX-Xm-tb-°mw. Xm¶ƒ ad-°p-Ibpw Ah¿ lrZn-ÿam°nb-

Xp-amhmw.''(3)

""aq∂v ]≈n-I-fne√msX CAvXnIm-^n√'' F∂ dnt∏m¿´v

]_-e-amWv F∂v ssiJv \mkzn-dp-±o≥ A¬_m\n A`n-]mb-

s∏-ń-´p-≠v. F∂m¬, At±lw Xs∂ A`n-]m-b-s∏-ń-´p-≈Xv C-

AvXnIm- ns‚ ]cn-]q¿W-Xbpw D¬Ir-jvS-Xbpw amX-amWv AXn-

s‚ hnh£ F∂m-Wv. ""Aam-\Øv (hniz-kvXX) C√m-Ø-h\v

Cuam-\n√'' F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ lZo-Yp-I-fp-tSXv t]mse Xs∂bm-

Wv CXn-s‚bpw hnh-£ F∂v kmcw.

aZo-\-bnse ]ap-J-]-fin-X-\mb ssiJv A_vZp¬ aplvkn≥

_v\p A∫mZv A¬ _Zvdpw C]-Im-c-amWv hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv.(4)

IqSm-sX, kpDuZn Atd-_y-bnse Km‚ v ap vXn-bm-bn-cp∂ ssi-

Jv C_v\p _mkv Xvh \¬In-bXpw Cu aq∂v ]≈n-Ifne√m-

Ø a‰v ]≈n-I-fnepw CAvXnIm^v icn-bmIpw F∂v Xs∂bm-

Wv.(5)

2. X^vkodp¬ Izp¿Xzp-_n(1/708), apKv\n(3/189), AlvIman¬ Izp¿-B≥ en¬

Pkzm-kv(1/243) F∂nh ImWp-I.

3. ss_l-Izn, apkz-∂^v A_vZn¿d-kmIzv.

4. idlp A_o-Zm-hqZv enss»Jv A_vZn¬ aplvkn≥ A∫m-Zv.

5. Xmhm C_v\n _mkv (15/444).

KŸ-kq-Nn

1. hnip-≤-Izp¿-B≥.

2. A¬ CPvam-Av, C_v\p¬ ap≥Zn¿, kpDu-Zn.

3. A¬ ClvImw, C_v\p lkvav, ]cn-tim-[\: AlvaZv imIn¿,

CuPn]vXv.

4. AlvImap¬ CussZ≥, Aen lk≥ Aen A_vZp¬ laoZv,

Ham≥.

5. C¿hm-D¬ Keo¬, A¬ A¬_m\n, ss_dqØv.

6. A¬ Ckzm_x o XwCukn zlm_x, C_v\p lP¿, ss_dq-

Øv.

7. CAvemap¬ aph-Izn-Cu≥, C_v\p¬ Izønw, CuPn]vXv.

8. Aameo A¬aplm-aeo, ]cn-tim-[\: C_vdmloap¬ ssIzkn,

A¬ BeØp¬ ImXn_x.

9. A¬ A≥km_v, A w-B\n, ss_dq-Øv, C≥Uy.

10. A¬ C≥km^v o AlvIm-an¬ CAvXnIm^v, Aen lk≥

Aen A_vZp¬ laoZv, Ham≥.

11. _KvbØp¬ C≥km≥ o hZm-C^n da-Zm≥, C_v\p dP_v,

ss_dqØv.

12. XmcoJp ZnaivIzv, C_v\p Akm-In¿, Isø-gpØp]Xn.

13. XPvcoZp Akvam-C- z-lm_x, A±l_n, C≥Uy.

178 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

14. Xplv^-Xp¬ Aivdm^v, A¬ an n, C≥Uy.

15. XJvcoPp Alm-ZoYn Clnbm Deq-an-±o≥, A¬ CdmIzn, CuPn-

]vXv.

16. XZvco_p¿dmhn, A pbqØzn, CuPn]vXv.

17. AØ¿Ko_p hØ¿lo_v, A¬ Akzv_lm\n, IsøgpØp-

]Xn.

18. AØ¿Ko_p hØ¿lo_v, A¬ ap≥Zncn, CuPn]vXv.

19. XKveoIzpØAveoIzv, C_v\p lP¿, Ham≥, ss_dqØv.

20. X^vko-dp¬ Izp¿-B-\n¬ Icow, C_v\p IYo¿, ss_dqØv.

20. AØ-Jveokzp¬ l_o¿, C_v\p lP¿, CuPn]vXv.

21. XlvZo_p-Ø-lvZo_v, C_v\p lP¿, C≥Uy.

22. XlvZo_p¬ Iam¬, C_v\p lP¿, ss_dqØv.

23. Pman-D¬ Dkzq¬, C_v\p¬ AYo¿, Za-kvIkv

24. A¬ Pman-D- z-Ko¿, A zp-bqØzn, CuPn]vXv.

25. Pman-D¬ Deqan h¬lnIw, C_v\p dP_v, CuPn]vXv.

26. A¬ Pman-D enA-lvIm-an¬ Izp¿-B≥, A¬ Izp¿Xzp_n, Cu-

Pn]vXv.

27. Pman-D¬ _bm≥, AØz_vcn, CuPn]vXv.

28. A¬ P¿lp hØ-AvZo¬, C_v\p A_olmXnw, C≥Uy.

29. Ppkv-D¬ CAvXnIm^v, A¬ lΩman, ]cn-tim-[\: Aen l-

k≥ Aen A_vZp¬ laoZv, ]Wn-∏p-c-bn¬.

30. Ppkv-D¬ A≥kzmcn, C_v\p amkn, IsøgpØp]Xn.

31. PwD¬ Phm-an-Av, A zbqØzn, CuPn]vXv.

32. lIzo-Iz-Øp- znbmw, C_v\p ssXanb, ss_dqØv.

33. ln¬b-Øp¬ Huen-bm-Av, A_q-\psFw, CuPn]vXv.

34. Zndm-km-Øp≥ a≥l-Pnøx n¬ AIzo-Z-Øn- -e- nøx, keoap-

¬ lnemen, Ham≥.

35. A±p¿dp¬ a≥Yq¿, A zpbqØzn, ss_dqØv.

36. cnkm-e-Xm\n aqPn-k-Xm\n n -ImØn h znbmw, A_vZp¬

179\_n-bpsS t\mºv

Akokn_v\p _mkv, kDuZn.

37. cnbm-Zp- zm-en-lo≥, A∂hhn, ss_dqØv.

38. kmZp¬ ako¿ o C¬an-Ø- n-ko¿, C_v\p¬ Pukn, Zakv-

Ikv.

39. A p-\≥, C_v\p amPx, CuPn]vXv.

40. A p-\≥, A_q-Zm-hqZv, CuPn]vXv.

41. A p-\≥, AØn¿anZn, CuPn]vXv.

42. A p-\≥, A±md-IzpØzv\n, CuPn]vXv.

43. A p-\≥, A±mdan, Za-kvIkv.

44. A p-\≥, A∂kmCu, CuPn]vXv.

45. A p-\\p¬ Ip_vdm, A¬ ss_lIzn, C≥Uy.

46. idlp Clvbm Deq-an-±o≥, A _oZn, CuPn]vXv.

47. idlp p∂x, A¬ _Khn, ss_dqØv.

48. idlp zZv¿ _nZn-Incn ssee-Øp¬ IZv¿, A¬ CdmIzn,

CuPn]vXv.

v49. idlp aB-\n-b¬ BYm¿, AØzlmhn, CuPn]vXv.

50. kzlolv C_v\n Jpsska, ]cn-tim-[\: apkvXz^¬ AAvf-

an, Za-kvIkv.

51. kzlo-lp¬ _pJmcn, CuPn]vXv.

52. kzlo-lp apkvenw, CuPn]vXv.

53. A±p-A-^m-Av, A¬ DssIzen, ss_dqØv.

54. Ce-ep¬ lZoYv, C_v\p A_o-lmXnw, CuPn]vXv.

55. Deq-ap¬ lZoYv, C_v\n- z-emlv, Za-kvIkv.

56. DwZ-Øp¬ Izmcn, A¬ sF\n, CuPn]vXv.

57. Aa-ep¬ buan hss√ex, C_v\p p∂n, C≥Uy.

58. Aa-ep¬ buan hss√ex, A∂kmCu, samtdmt°m.

59. Hu\p¬ aAv_qZv, A¬ Afow B_mZn, CuPn]vXv.

60. ^Xvlp¬ _mcn, C_v\p lP¿, CuPn]vXv.

61. ^Xvlp¬ apKoYv, A Jm^n, CuPn]vXv.

180 \_n-bpsS t\mºv

62. Zm-Cep ilvcn da-Zm≥, C_v\p»mlo≥, A ¿IzmAv, D¿Zp-

≥.

63. A¬ ^nIzvlp h¬ apX-^-°znlv, A¬ JØzo_v, kDuZn.

64. ss^Zp¬ IzZo¿, A¬ a\mhn, CuPn]vXv.

65. Iznbm-ap-ss√¬, C_v\p \kv¿, C≥Uy.

66. A¬ Iman¬ ^n±p-A-^m-Av, C_v\p AZnøv, ss_dqØv.

67. Iiv^p¬ AkvXm¿ A≥ khm-CZn¬ _ m¿, A¬ sslY-

an, ss_dqØv.

68. A¬ Iiv^p- z-colv A≥ AKvemØzn zm_q\o o kzem-

Øn-Ø-dm-holv, Aen lk≥ Aen A_vZp¬ laoZv, ]Wn∏pc-

bn¬.

69. A¬ In^mbx o C¬an¿cn-hmøx, A¬ JØzo_p¬ _KvZm-

Zn, C≥Uy.

70. A√p-_m_v ô XlvZo-_n¬ A≥km_v, C_v\p¬ AYo¿,

ss_dqØv.

71. enkm-\p¬ Ad_v, C_v\p a≥fq¿, ss_dqØv.

72. A√p-AvepD h¬ a¿Pm≥ oaØÎz Asse-ln-ss»-Jm\n,

apl-ΩZv ^pBZv A_vZp¬ _m°zn, CuPn]vXv.

73. aPva-D-¬ _lvssd≥ ô khm-C-Zn¬ apAvPssa≥, A¬

sslYan, Isø-gp-Øp-]Xn.

74. aPva-D- -hm-CZv, A¬ sslYan, CuPn]vXv.

75. A¬ aPvaq-Av, A∂hhn, CuPn]vXv.

76. aPvaqD Xmhm ssiJn¬ Ckvemw C_v\n ssXanø, kDuZn.

77. alm-kn-\p¬ Ckz-Xzn-emlv, A¬ _¬Izo\n, CuPn]vXv.

78. A¬ al√m, C_v\p lkvav, CuPn]vXv.

79. apJvX-kz¿ kzlo-ln¬ _pJmcn, A¬ A¬_m\n, ss_dq-

Øv.

80. A¬ apkvX-ZvdIv, A¬ lm°nw, C≥Uy.

81. apivIn-ep¬ BYm¿, AØzlmhn, C≥Uy.

82. A¬ apkv\Zv, A_q bAvem, Za-kvIkv.

181\_n-bpsS t\mºv

83. A¬ apkv\Zv, AlvaZv _v\p lº¬, CuPn]vXv.

84. A¬ apkv\Zv, Camw im^nCu, CuPn]vXv.

85. A¬ apkv\Zv, A_qZm-hqZv AØz-bm-enkn, C≥Uy.

86. A¬ akzm_olv o kzem-Xn-Ø-dm-holv, A pbqØzn, ]cn-

tim-[\: Aen lk≥ Aen A_vZp¬ laoZv, Ham≥.

87. ankzv_mlp- p-PmPx o khm-C-Zn_v\n amPx, A¬ _qkzocn,

ss_dqØv.

88. A¬ ankzv_mlp¬ ap\o¿, A¬ ^pøqan, CuPn]vXv.

89. A¬ apkz∂^v, C_v\p A_o ssi_x, C≥Uy.

90. A¬ apkz∂^v, A_vZp¿d-kmIzv A z≥-B\n, ss_dqØv.

91. A¬ aXzmen-_p¬ Benøx o khm-C-Zn¬ akm-\o-Zn-YvYam\n-

øx, C_v\p lP¿, Isøgp-Øp-]Xn.

92. aB-en-ap- p-\≥, A¬ JØzm_n, CuPn]vXv.

93. apAvPap-Øz-_vdm\n A z-Ko¿, CuPn]vXv.

94. apAvPap-Øz-_vdm\n A¬ I_o¿, ]cn-tim-[\: lwZo A_vZp-

¬ aPoZv A -e^n, CdmIzv.

95. A¬ apKv\n, C_v\p IzpZmax, CuPn]vXv.

96. A¬ ap≥XIzm, C_v\p¬ PmdqZv, CuPn]vXv.

97. ahm-cn-Zp-≈-am≥ o khm-C-Zn_v\n ln∫m≥, A¬ sslYan,

CuPn]vXv.

98. A¬ aphm^n-IzmØv, A»m-Øz_n, CuPn]vXv.

99. auZnlp Hulm-an¬ PwC hØ vcoIzv, A¬ JØzo_v A¬

_KvZmZn, C≥Uy.

100. A¬ auZq-BØv, C_v\p¬ Pukn, CuPn]vXv.

101. A¬ aphXz, amenIv C_v\p A\kv, CuPn]vXv.

102. aokm-\p¬ CAvXnZm¬, A±-l_n, CuPn]vXv.

103. A∂mknJv h¬ a≥kqJv, C_v\p imlo≥, A ¿Izm-Av,

D¿Zp≥.

104. ss\ep¬ HuXzm¿, A»u-Im\n, CuPn]vXv.

105. A¬ hm_n-ep- z-øn_v, C_v\p¬ Izønw, Za-kvIkv.--

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