MOTHERHOOD REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011):

A FEMINIST PERSPECTIVE

RESEARCH PAPER

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department

by:

DEVICA HILARA PINGKAN S.

A320130196

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA

2017

v

MOTTO

Life is Choice and Simple.

(Prof. Endang Fauziati)

Berusaha itu harus diimbangi dengan ikhtiar dan doa, karena tanpa itu semuanya akan

menjadi sia-sia dengan begitu saja.

(Devica Hps)

vi

DEDICATION

The research paper is dedicated to:

Allah SWT “The lord of everything”

My beloved parents ‘Mr. Soeratno (Alm)’ and ‘Mrs. Sutarni’

My brothers ‘Cahyo Wibowo’ and ‘Gatot Susatyo’

My beloved friends

Almamater

People who are willing to read the research paper

vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb

All praises belong to Allah SWT to His blessings given to the researcher, so the

researcher could complete his research paper entitled MOTHERHOOD REFLECTED

IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011): A FEMINIST

PRESPECTIVE. In conducting this researcher got so many helps from many people.

The researcher would like to express his deepest gratitude and appreciation to the people

in the following list:

1. Mr. Soeratno (Alm), I dedicated my bachelor degree for you, because you are

motivation in his live after her Mother.

2. Mrs. Sutarni, as the Mother thanks have to educate to an undergraduate degree pinned

behind my name, which has been great for me being a single parent.

3. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum., the Dean of faculty of Teacher Training and

Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.

4. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D., the Chief of Department of English Education,

Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.

5. Dewi Candraningrum, Ph.D., as the consultant and also the first examiner who has

supported for my research, thank you for patiently guiding and always motivate from

start to finish preparation of the research paper.

6. Drs. Muhammad Thoyibi, M.S., as the second examiner which has been tested with

the patient and always motivate.

7. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum., as the third examiner which always provide

feedback on grammar and procedures for writing well.

8. Susiati, M.Ed., as Academic Advisor who has been patient and always gives

encouragement to us from the beginning to the end of the semester.

9. All lecturers of Department of English Education who have become such great

educators and for giving uncountable knowledge to the researcher.

viii

10. My Best Friend, “FEEDG fams” Festica, Elis, Enisa, Gigik, as the best friend, as the

families that who have always given my spirit and love.

11. EDSO 2014 “Pak rizal, buk finsa, buk neti, via, eko, martha, fathoni, tafsir, wahid,

mas kun”, silfi, zulfa, tiar, dwiki, uray, pak yus”, thank you for the experience of

organization, motivation and friendship.

12. My helper, dd’Ayuni, Mbokde Retno, Mas Ervan, Mbak Ajeng, Sri, Fitria, who share

the good and bad during conducting this paper.

13. Bripda. Febriyanto Nurrohman, thanks you for giving encouragement, motivation and

support as well as the expectations for this year.

Surakarta, March 2017

Researcher

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MOTHERHOOD REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011):

A FEMINIST PRESPECTIVE

ABSTRAK

DEVICA HILARA PINGKAN SAPUTRI. A320130196. MOTHERHOOD

REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011): A

FEMINIST PRESPECTIVE Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan.

Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. 2017, 66 Halaman.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan keibuan dari tokoh utama yang terjadi pada

novel Divergent (2011) karya Veronica Roth dengan menggunakan teori feminism. Novel

Divergent (2011) dianalisa dengan mengacu pada dua point: pertama adalah analisa

yang berdasar pada elemen structural, dan yang kedua adalah analisa mengenai

motherhood dengan mengunakan teori feminism. Penelitian ini menggunakan

pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua sumber data yaitu,

pertama adalah novel Divergent (2011) karya Veronica Roth sebagai sumber utama.

Sumber data yang kedua adalah pencarian dari buku, biografi penulis, jurnal, sumber

yang berhubungan langsung dengan penelitian. Dua jenis data tersebut diperoleh

melalui perpustakaan yang dianalisa menggunakan analisa deskriptif. Berdasarkan

penelitian tersebut, peneliti menyimpulkan beberapa kesimpulan. Pertama adalah elemen

structural novel yang diperoleh melalui karakter dan karakterisasi, setting tempat dan

waktu, plot, sudut pandang, dan tema yang tersusun menjadi satu sebagai cerita dalam

novel tersebut. Kedua adalah berdasarkan pada teori feminism dalam partisipasi wanita,

peran wanita, hak wanita, dan posisi wanita yang terjadi pada karakter utama dan

karakter lainnya dalam novel Divergent (2011).

Kata kunci: Keibuan, Elemen Structural Novel, Teori Feminism

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MOTHERHOOD REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011):

A FEMINIST PRESPECTIVE

ABSTRACT

DEVICA HILARA PINGKAN SAPUTRI. A320130196. MOTHERHOOD

REFLECTED IN VERONICA ROTH’S DIVERGENT NOVEL (2011): A

FEMINIST PRESPECTIVE Research Paper. Faculty of Teacher Training and

Educatuon. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2017. 66 Pages.

This study aimed to describe motherhood main character happens to the novel Divergent

(2011) by Veronica Roth by using the theory of feminism. Divergent Novel (2011)

analyzed with reference to two points: the first is based on the analysis of structural

elements, and the second is the analysis of motherhood by using the theory of feminism.

This research use descriptive qualitative approach. This study uses two sources of data,

namely, the first is a novel Divergent (2011) by Veronica Roth as a primary source. The

second data source is the search of a book, a biography of the author, journal, sources

that are directly related to the research. Two types of data obtained through the library

were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Based on these studies, researchers concluded

some conclusions. The first is a novel structural element obtained through the characters

and characterization, setting the place and time, plot, point of view, and the theme is

structured into one as the story in the novel. The second is based on the theory of

feminism in woman’s participation, woman’s role, women's rights, and woman’s position

that occurred on the main character and the other characters in the Divergent novel

(2011).

Keywords: Motherhood, Structural Elements Novel, Feminist Theory

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TABLE OF CONTENT

COVER …………………………………………………………………………………..i

APROVAL……………………………………...………………………………………..ii

ACCEPTANCE ………………………………………………………………………...iii

DECLARATION ……….………………………………………………………………iv

MOTTO ……….………………………………………………………………………....v

DEDICATION ……….…………………………………………………………………vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ……………………………………………………….……vii

ABSTRAK ……….……………………………………………………………………...ix

ABSTRACT ……….…………………………………………………………………….x

TABLE OF CONTENT…...……………………………………………………………xi

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................1

A. Background of the Study………………………………………………………….1

B. Previous Study…………………………………………………………………….4

C. Problem Statement………………………………………………………...............5

D. Objectives of the Study…………………………………………………………....5

E. Limitation of the Study…………………………………………………................5

F. Benefits of the Study………………………………………………………………5

G. Paper of Organization……………………………………………………………..6

CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW ……………………………………………......................7

A. Underlying Theory………………………………………………………...............7

1. Feminist Literary Criticism……………………………………………………7

2. Major Principle of Feminist Theory…………………………………………..8

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a. Woman’s Position…………………………………………………………8

b. Woman’s Role…………………………………………………………….8

c. Woman’s Right……………………………………………………………9

d. Woman’s Participation……………………………………………………9

3. Motherhood………………………………………………………………….10

a. Definition of Motherhood……………………………………………….10

b. Motherhood as a Contested Feminist Concept…………………………..12

4. Novel…………………………………………………………………………13

B. Theoretical Application………………………………………………………….14

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHOD ……………………………………………..………...15

A. Type of the Study……………………………………………………….........15

B. Object of the Study…………………………………………………………..15

C. Type of the Data and Data Source…………………………………………...15

1. Primary Data Source……………………………………………………..16

2. Secondary Data Source…………………………………………………..16

D. Technique of the Data Collection…..………………………………………..16

E. Technique of Data Analysis…..……………………………………………...17

1. Data Reduction…………………………………………………………..17

2. Data Display……………………………………………………………..17

3. Conclusion Drawing and Verification………….………………………..17

CHAPTER IV

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS …………………………………………………..18

A. Structural Analysis…………………………………………………………...18

1. Character and Characterization…………………………………………..18

a. Major Character……………………………………………………...19

b. Minor Character……………………………………………………...24

2. Setting……………………………………………………………………29

a. Setting of Place………………………………………………………29

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b. Setting of Time………………………………………………………33

3. Plot……………………………………………………………………….33

a. Plot Structure………………………………………………………...34

1) Exposition………………………………………………………..34

2) Conflict…………………………………………………………..34

a) Internal Conflict……………………………………………...35

b) External Conflict……………………………………………..36

3) Climax…………………………………………………………....37

4) Resolution………………………………………………………..38

5) Causality…………………………………………………………39

6) Plausibility……………………………………………………….40

4. Point of View……………………………………………………………41

5. Theme……………………………………………………………………42

6. Discussion………………………………………………………………..43

CHAPTER V

FEMINIST ANALYSIS ……………………………………………………….47

A. Feminist Perspective ………………………………………………………...47

1. Woman’s Position………………………………………………………..47

2. Woman’s Role…………………………………………………………...49

3. Woman’s Rights………………………………………………………....50

4. Woman’s Participation…………………………………………………..51

B. Motherhood Analysis………………………………………………………..53

C. Discussion…………………………………………………………………...57

CHAPTER VI

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ………………………………………..61

A. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………...61

B. Suggestion…………………………………………………………………...62

C. Pedagogical Implications…………………………………………………….63

BIBLIOGRAPHY…...….……………………………………………………………64

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VIRTUAL REFERENCES…….…...….……………………………………………66

APPENDIX