monitoring conformance and containment for geological ... · monitoring conformance and containment...
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CaMI 2015_005
Don Lawton Containment and Monitoring Institute (CaMI)
UKCCSRC Biannual Meeting, Cranfield, April 2015
Monitoring conformance and containment for geological carbon
storage: can technology meet policy and public requirements?
Canada’s CO2 emissions
Shell Quest
Courtesy Sean McFadden, Shell
Courtesy Sean McFadden, Shell
Courtesy Sean McFadden, Shell
Government
of Alberta
Regulatory
Framework
Assessment
(August 2013)
Gov’t of Alberta CCS RFA
Recommendations for closure requirements
“a) Sequestered CO2 and affected fluids are conforming to the objectives and regulatory requirements as described in the project application and approvals.
c) Sequestered CO2 and affected fluids are contained in the sequestration complex.
d) Sequestered CO2 is behaving in a predictable manner.
e) Sequestered CO2 is expected to continue to behave in a predictable manner and is trending towards stability”
RFA closure MMV
• Thin storage formations (saturation-thickness)
• Possible thief zones, resolution from monitoring methods
• High rock matrix K and µ values
• Brine/CO2 migration through legacy wells
• Cap rock integrity
• Impacts on groundwater
• Pressure vs CO2 saturation
• Pressure interference with existing hydrocarbon pools
• Pressure interference between adjacent CCS projects
• Out of zone CO2 migration to another storage
formation (pore space encroachment)
CCS challenges in Alberta
Verification of conformance and containment
10 NRCan, 2009
11
South-central Alberta wells
Total wells
49,880
Stettler
Barrhead
Edmonton
Area
200 x 180 km
36,000 km2
12
South-central Alberta wells
Abandoned wells
All depths
9,587
Stettler
Barrhead
Edmonton
13
South-central Alberta wells
Abandoned wells
> Mississippian
6,665
Stettler
Barrhead
Edmonton
14
South-central Alberta wells
Abandoned wells
> Devonian
5,226
Stettler
Barrhead
Edmonton
15
South-central Alberta wells
Abandoned wells
Precambrian
10
Stettler
Barrhead
Edmonton
• Undertake controlled CO2 release at 300 m & 500 m depth; ~1000 t/yr.
• Determine CO2 detection thresholds
• Develop improved monitoring technologies (regulator)
• Monitor gas migration at shallow to intermediate depths and impacts on groundwater (CO2 and CH4)
• Determine fate of CO2 (trapping/dissolution).
• University & industry field training & research, integrating engineering and geoscience
• Public outreach & education.
• On-site fuel cell for CO2 source and natural gas utilization; energy storage; energy efficiency
CaMI Field Research Station (FRS)
FRS Calgary
FRS site – courtesy of Cenovus
CaMI.UofC FRS
Injector well
Monitor well
Groundwater well
Acc
ess
ro
ad
Classroom
3C-3D seismic array
Instruments
Geodetic monument
1 km
1 km
FRS monitoring plan layout
FRS schematic
CO2 injectors
De
pth
CO2
Observation well(s)
Well-
base
d m
onitoring tech
nolo
gie
s
surface monitoring technologies
CO2 300 m BBRS
500 m MHS
BGP
FRS baseline seismic program Completed in May, 2014
1434 VPs (minivibes) 1400 3C geophones All live
1 km
1 km
FRS seismic volume (PP)
BBR
MHS
FRS seismic volume (PS)
BBR
MHS
FRS#1 well (Feb-March 2015)
Medicine Hat Sand (500 m)
Colorado shale
Medicine Hat sand
Core
Medicine Hat Sand Cap rock
Medicine Hat Sand
Basal Belly River Fm (300m)
Avg. Porosity 13%
Core Belly River Fm
Cap rock Reservoir
Basal Belly River Fm
FRS geostatic model
Schlumberger Schlumberger Jessica Dongas
Public engagement
March-April, 2014
Environmental monitoring
Dr. Bernhard Mayer
- Sondes for field measurements (pH, EC, T, DO, Eh)
- Soil gas flux chambers and soil gas collection probes
- Gas chromatographs for hydrocarbon and soil gas
analyses
- Ion chromatograph (Dionex) for anion and cation
concentration analyses on water samples
- Titrators for alkalinity and H2S in water samples
- Portable H2S gas analyzer
- Carbon isotope laser analyzer for methane
- Carbon and oxygen isotope laser
Mobile geochemistry laboratory
FRS monitoring plan layout
Injector well
Monitor well
Groundwater well
Acc
ess
ro
ad
Classroom
3C-3D seismic array
Instruments
Geodetic monument
Purchased: • 500 Inova
3C Hawk nodes
• MPT ERT system
1 km
1 km
FLUTe hydrology profiling
Aaron Cahill
Driving Head
Provides depth-discrete
transmissivity distribution
G360 group, University of Guelph
2015 Schedule
April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
PS processing
Seismic interp.
Log analysis
Core logging
Core analysis
Reservoir model
Simulation
Injection appl.
FRS 1 injector
Monitor 1 well
Water wells (4)
Baseline work
Monitor 2 well
FRS #2
Contacts
Dr. Don Lawton, Institute Director (CMCRI.CaMI) 403 210 6671 / [email protected] Kirk Osadetz, Programs Development Manager (CMCRI.CaMI) 403 210 7108/ [email protected]
CMC Research Institutes Inc. Website: http://cmcghg.com
Ruth Klinkhammer, Director of Communications (CMCRI) 403 210-7879/ [email protected]
Amin Saeedfar, Project Lead (CMC) 403 220 7734 / [email protected] Richard Adamson, Managing Director (CMCRI) 403 210 7767 / [email protected]