Don Lawton, Richard Adamson, Kirk OsadetzContainment and Monitoring Institute

Carbon Management Canada & University of CalgaryStanford CCS Workshop, May 22, 2014

CaMI 2013-0007

CCS monitoring for conformance and containment: can technology meet

policy and public requirements?

2

44 research projects155 researchers at 27 universities

Govt of CanadaGovt of Alberta

$22M

Carbon Management Canada

2009-2014

Canada’s emissions reductionwedges

}

Shell Questsaline storage

1.1Mt/year starting in 2015

Alberta CO2 Trunk LinePipeline + CO2-EOR

SaskPower Boundary DamCO2 - EOR at Weyburn

CCS - Acquistore

1 Mt/year starting in 2014

CCS RFA

Government

of Alberta

Regulatory

Framework

Assessment

(August 2013)

RFA recommendation

Risk Assessment, Monitoring, and Technical Requirements

“Require MMV and closure plans to be based on a project-specific risk assessment, and include the use of best available technologies to monitor the atmosphere, surface, ground and surface water, and subsurface.”

RFA recommendation

Closure requirements

“a) Sequestered CO2 and affected fluids are conforming to theobjectives and regulatory requirements as described in the project application and approvals.

c) Sequestered CO2 and affected fluids are contained in thesequestration complex.

d) Sequestered CO2 is behaving in a predictable manner.

e) Sequestered CO2 is expected to continue to behave in apredictable manner and is trending towards stability”

Monitoring Challenges

• Thin storage formations (saturation-thickness)

• Thief zones, resolution

• High matric K and µ values

• Pressure vs CO2 saturation

• Pressure interference with existing

hydrocarbon pools

• Pressure interference between adjacent CCS

projects

• Brine/CO2 migration through old wells

• Out of zone CO2 migration to another storage

formation (pore space)

Pembina-Cardium CO2-EOR

Dep

th (m

)

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

Gamma Ray

(API)

0 130 1500 3000

Density

(kg/m3)

1000 6000

Synthetic

Seismogram and

Seismic Wavelet

80 10090

Seismic

Cross-line

(In-line 86 )

P-wave

Speed

(m/s)

1000 6000 1.0 3.0

S-wave

Speed

(m/s)

a/b Ratio

(unitless)

-0.2 0.2

P-wave

Reflectivity

(unitless)

Cardium

Viking

Ardley

Pembina –Cardium CO2-EOR Baseline

Tim

e (

s)

0.1

0.5

1.0

1.5

0.0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 2834

Ardley

Cardium

Viking

South NorthOffset (m)

Pembina –Cardium CO2-EOR MonitorOffset (m)

Tim

e (

s)

0.1

0.5

1.0

1.5

0.0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 2834South North

Ardley

Cardium

Viking

60,000 tonnes injected

Time-lapse anomaly

Tim

e (

s)

0.1

0.5

1.0

1.5

Ardley

Cardium

Viking

0.0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 2834

Offset (m)South North

Cardium Stratigraphy

CO2

injection target

(Dashtgard et al., 2006)

Dep

th

1637 m

1618 m

1598 m

(Dashtgard et al., 2006)

CMC Institutes

16

• Containment and Monitoring Institute (CaMI)o Monitoring subsurface fluid containment and

conformance.

• Capture and Conversion

– Relates to capture technologies and pathways to find alternate uses for CO2;

– Focuses on capture from natural gas sources.

• Industrial/grid scale energy storage (proposed)

• Technology Evaluation (proposed)

Monitoring and containmentneeds/applications

• Secure carbon storage• CO2 - enhanced oil recovery• Steam chamber containment and effectiveness

• Characterization of hydraulic or natural fractures

• Groundwater protection• Legacy wells /abandonment issues and fugitive

emissions• Acid gas or other fluid disposal• Induced seismicity risk analysis and mitigation

http://o.canada.com/technology/environment/oil-spill-alberta-underground

http://desmog.ca/2014/02/19/cnrl-releases-new-lower-cold-lake-oil-spill-estimates

CaMI Field Research Station

• Undertake controlled CO2 release at 300 m & 700 m depth; ~1000 t/yr.

• Develop improved monitoring technologies.• Determine CO2 detection thresholds.• Enable university & industry training &

research.• Understand fate of methane in aquifers.

• Provide quantitative monitoring protocols to regulators and industry.

• Accelerate public outreach & education.• Provide on-site fuel cell for CO2 source and

natural gas utilization; energy storage.

Location of the FRS

FRS

Calgary

FRS site – courtesy Cenovus

Seismic vibe

Bedrock geology Newell County

CO2 injectors

De

pth

CO2

Observationwell(s)

Well-

base

d m

onitoring t

ech

nolo

gie

s

surface monitoringtechnologies

CO2 300 m

700 m

BGP

CaMI FRS project

Shallow Injection: Basal Belly RiverDepth: 300 m

Deep Injection: Medicine Hat SandDepth: 700 m

Pakowki

2ws

BFS

Mannville

Stettler

Pekisko

Section 22

Bow Island/(Viking)

BBR

2WS

CaMI FRS

Effective porosity

Schlumberger

CaMI Field Research Station

CaMI FRS surface layout

CaMI FRS technologies• 3D-3C surface seismic surveys

• 3D vertical seismic profiles

• Cross-well seismic surveys

• Microseismic surveys

• Full logging suites & core analysis

• Fiber-optic monitoring technologies

• Geomechanics analysis

• Geochemical sampling/tracers

• Pressure/temperature monitoring

• Groundwater monitoring surveys

• Environmental geophysical surveys

• Casing gas, soil & atmospheric surveys

• Tiltmeters & DGPS surveys

• InSAR imaging and interpretation

• SOFC CO2 supply

Schedule• Q1 2014: Consult with AER on regulatory requirements.

• Q1 2014: Public outreach and consultation program.

• Q2 2014: Completion of reprocessing and assessment of existing

seismic data.

• Q2 2014: Planning of baseline water well sampling program.

• Q2 2014: Completion of initial pre-drilling geostatic model

• Q2 2014: Execution of new baseline seismic program

• Q2 2014: Completion of well design.

• Q2 2014: Completion of baseline simulation.

• Q2-Q3 2014: Completion of baseline water well sampling and

analysis program.

• Q3 2014: Completion of the drilling application.

• Q3 2014: Initial drilling program.

• Q4 2014: Refined Geostatic model.

• Q4 2014: Injection permitting.

• Q1-Q2 2015: Completion of injection and observation wells.

Contacts

Richard Adamson, Managing Director, CMC403 210 7767 / richard.adamson@cmcghg.com

Dr. Don Lawton, Institute Director, CMC.CaMI403 210 6671 / don.lawton@cmcghg.com

Kirk Osadetz, Programs Development Manager (CMC.CaMI)403 210 7108/ kirk.osadetz@cmcghg.com

CMC Website:http://cmcghg.com

Ruth Klinkhammer, Director of Communications, CMC403 210-7879/ ruth.klinkhammer@cmcghg.com