Module 7: Configuring TCP/IP Addressing and

Name Resolution

Overview

Configuring IP Addresses

Configuring Windows Firewall

Troubleshooting IP Addresses

Determining TCP/IP Name Resolution Methods

Configuring a DNS Client and a WINS Client

Connecting to a Remote Host

Lesson: Configuring IP Addresses

Assigning Static IP Addresses

Overview of Dynamic Address Assignment

Using DHCP to Automate IP Address Assignments

Enabling an Alternate IP Configuration

Assigning Static IP Addresses

Client with StaticAddressing

Specifies192.168.2.15

Specifies192.168.2.15

Overview of Dynamic Address Assignment

Yes

Assign IPaddress

Assign IPaddress

Assign alternateIP address

Assign alternateIP address

Yes

NoAutomatic Private IP address

generates IP address

Automatic Private IP address

generates IP address

NoIs alternate IP configured?

Is alternate IP configured?

Dynamic address

Alternate static address

Automatic private IP Address

Client with DynamicAddressing

Is DHCPavailable?Is DHCP

available?

Request for IP address

Request for IP address

DHCP Server

Using DHCP to Automate IP Address Assignments

Enabling Alternate IP Configuration

Alternate IP configuration:Alternate IP configuration:

Specifies an alternate IP address if DHCP is unavailable

Provides alternate configuration options

• Automatic private IP address• User configured

Specifies an alternate IP address if DHCP is unavailable

Provides alternate configuration options

• Automatic private IP address• User configured

Lab A: Configuring IP Addresses for Windows XP Professional

Exercise 1: Configuring Windows XP Professional to Use Static TCP/IP Addressing

Exercise 2: Configuring Windows XP Professional to Use DHCP for IP Address Assignment

Exercise 3: Configuring Windows XP Professional to Use an Alternate TCP/IP Configuration

Lesson: Configuring Windows Firewall

Using Global Configuration

Using Group Policy Support

Using On with No Exceptions Operational Mode

Using Static Port Openings

Configuring Basic ICMP Options

Logging Dropped Packets and Successful Connections

Using Global Configuration

Applies all new configurations and configuration changes to all network connections

Configuration can still be performed on a per-interface basis

Using Group Policy Support

With Windows XP Service Pack 2, every configuration option can be set through Group Policy

New configuration options:

Operational mode (On, On with no exceptions, Off)

Allowed Programs on the exceptions list

Opened static ports

ICMP settings

Enable RPC and DCOM

Enable File and Printer Sharing

Using On with No Exceptions Operational Mode

Keeps Windows Firewall enabled while only solicited traffic is allowed

Blocks all unsolicited requests to connect to your computer

Blocks unsolicited requests to share files or printers, and discovery of network devices

To turn on with no exceptions: To turn on with no exceptions:

Open Windows Firewall Open Windows Firewall 11

Select Don't allow exceptions check box, and then click OK Select Don't allow exceptions check box, and then click OK 33

On the General tab, click On On the General tab, click On 22

Using Static Port Openings

In Windows XP Service Pack 2:

Ports are configured to receive only network traffic that has a source address

When file sharing ports are opened, the local subnet restriction is applied by default

Recommendation:

Apply local subnet restriction to static ports that are communicating on a local network

Configuring Basic ICMP Options

Enable ICMP options when needed; disable after troubleshooting

ICMP options are disabled by default

To enable ICMP:To enable ICMP:

Open Windows Firewall Open Windows Firewall 11

In the ICMP dialog box, select check box beside each type of ICMP message to be enabled

In the ICMP dialog box, select check box beside each type of ICMP message to be enabled

33

On the Advanced tab, under ICMP, click Settings On the Advanced tab, under ICMP, click Settings

22

To create an ICMP exception:To create an ICMP exception:

Open Windows FirewallOpen Windows Firewall11

In Network Connection Settings section, select the connection that will have an exception, and then click Settings

In Network Connection Settings section, select the connection that will have an exception, and then click Settings

33

In the Windows Firewall dialog box, click Advanced tab In the Windows Firewall dialog box, click Advanced tab

22

In the Advanced Settings dialog box, click ICMP tab In the Advanced Settings dialog box, click ICMP tab

44

To enable security logging:To enable security logging: To locate and open log file:To locate and open log file:

Logging Dropped Packets and Successful Connections

Windows Firewall can keep a security log of dropped packets and successful connections

Open Windows Firewall Open Windows Firewall

Click OK to close the Log Settings dialog boxClick OK to close the Log Settings dialog box

In the Windows Firewall dialog box, click Advanced tab. Open the Log Settings dialog box

In the Windows Firewall dialog box, click Advanced tab. Open the Log Settings dialog box

Open Windows Firewall Open Windows Firewall

In the Log Settings dialog box, under Log File Options section, click Save As

In the Log Settings dialog box, under Log File Options section, click Save As

In the Windows Firewall dialog box, click Advanced tab. Open Log Settings dialog box

In the Windows Firewall dialog box, click Advanced tab. Open Log Settings dialog box

In the Browse dialog box, right-click the pfirewall.txt file and then choose Open

In the Browse dialog box, right-click the pfirewall.txt file and then choose Open

11

33

2211

33

22

44

Lab B: Configuring Windows Firewall for Windows XP Professional

Exercise: Configuring Windows Firewall

Lesson: Troubleshooting IP Addresses

Using TCP/IP Troubleshooting Utilities

Using ipconfig to Troubleshoot IP Addressing

Using Repair to Troubleshoot IP Problems

Using ping to Troubleshoot IP Addressing

Using TCP/IP Troubleshooting Utilities

Common TCP/IP diagnostic utilities include the following:

arp

hostname

ipconfig

ping

pathping

tracert

Additional commands:Additional commands:

Using ipconfig to Troubleshoot IP Addressing

The command prompt ipconfig is used to:The command prompt ipconfig is used to:

View TCP/IP information

Verify the TCP/IP configuration options on a host

View TCP/IP information

Verify the TCP/IP configuration options on a host

ipconfig /release

ipconfig /renew

ipconfig /release

ipconfig /renew

Using Repair to Troubleshoot IP Problems

Repair attempts to refresh stored data related to connections, and to renew registration

Used to:

Release DHCP address Flush ARP Flush NetBIOS and DNS local caches

To repair a LAN or high-speed Internet connection:To repair a LAN or high-speed Internet connection:

Open Network ConnectionsOpen Network Connections11

If your connection does not work after you click Repair this connection, try additional steps If your connection does not work after you click Repair this connection, try additional steps 33

Under LAN or High-Speed Internet, click connection to be repaired, and then, under Network Tasks, click Repair this connection Under LAN or High-Speed Internet, click connection to be repaired, and then, under Network Tasks, click Repair this connection 22

Using ping to Troubleshoot IP Addressing

Testing IP Configuration:Testing IP Configuration:

Ping 127.0.0.1 (loopback address)Ping 127.0.0.1 (loopback address)11

Ping IP address of the default gatewayPing IP address of the default gateway33

Ping IP address of the remote hostPing IP address of the remote host44

Ping IP address of the computerPing IP address of the computer22

Lab C: Troubleshooting IP Addresses for Windows XP Professional

Exercise 1: Troubleshooting IP Addresses by Using ipconfig

Exercise 2: Troubleshooting IP Addresses by Using Repair

Lesson: Determining TCP/IP Name Resolution Methods

Types of Names

Mapping Names: Dynamic or Static Tables

Dynamic IP Mapping

Static IP Mapping

Selecting a Name Resolution Method

The Host Name Resolution Process

The NetBIOS Name Resolution Process

Types of Names

Host name:Host name:

Assigned to a computer’s IP address

Up to 255 characters long

Can contain alphabetic and numeric characters, hyphens, and periods

Together with domain name, this creates a fully qualified domain name

Assigned to a computer’s IP address

Up to 255 characters long

Can contain alphabetic and numeric characters, hyphens, and periods

Together with domain name, this creates a fully qualified domain name

NetBIOS name:NetBIOS name:

A 16-byte address

15 of the bytes may be used for the name which may include alphabetic and numeric characters, hyphens, and periods

The 16th byte is used by the services that a computer offers to the network

A 16-byte address

15 of the bytes may be used for the name which may include alphabetic and numeric characters, hyphens, and periods

The 16th byte is used by the services that a computer offers to the network

Static tablesStatic tables

Dynamic tablesDynamic tables

Mapping Names: Dynamic or Static Tables

Host name to IP NetBIOS name to IP

DNS serverDNS server WINS serverWINS server

HOSTS fileHOSTS file LMHOSTS fileLMHOSTS file

Dynamic IP Mapping

DNS Server:DNS Server:

A system for naming computers and network services

Is a naming system organized in a hierarchical fashion

Maps domain names to IP address

Stores mapping records

Is assigned to a computer’s IP address

A system for naming computers and network services

Is a naming system organized in a hierarchical fashion

Maps domain names to IP address

Stores mapping records

Is assigned to a computer’s IP address

WINS Server:WINS Server:

Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names

Maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses

Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names

Maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses

Static IP Mapping

DNS serverDNS server

Provides name resolution for host name to IP address

Allows multiple host names to be assigned to the same IP address

Provides name resolution for host name to IP address

Allows multiple host names to be assigned to the same IP address

WINS ServerWINS Server

Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names

Maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses

Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names

Maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses

HOSTS file

HOSTS file

LMHOSTS file

LMHOSTS file

Selecting a Name Resolution Method

DNS is required when:DNS is required when:

Client is a member of the Active Directory domain

Client needs to communicate over the Internet

Client is a member of the Active Directory domain

Client needs to communicate over the Internet

WINS is required when:WINS is required when:Client is a member of a Windows NT 4.0 or earlier domain

Client applications or services require NetBIOS name resolution

Client is a member of a Windows NT 4.0 or earlier domain

Client applications or services require NetBIOS name resolution

DNS ServerDNS Server

WINS ServerWINS Server

Host Name Resolution Process

WINS serverWINS server

LMHOSTS file

Broadcast

DNS serverDNS server

88

99

77

HOSTS file

55

44

DNS cacheDNS cache

Local host nameLocal host name22

1010

33

NetBIOS name cacheNetBIOS name cache

66

A

Enter commandEnter command11

WINS serverWINS server33

NetBIOS name cacheNetBIOS name cache22

88A

Enter commandEnter command11

The NetBIOS Name Resolution Process

HOSTS file66

DNS serverDNS server77

LMHOSTS fileBroadcast44

55

Lesson: Configuring a DNS and WINS Client

Specifying Host Names, Domain Names, and Connection-Specific Names

Configuring a DNS Client

Specifying Additional DNS Servers

Configuring DNS Query Settings

Configuring DHCP to Dynamically Update DNS

Troubleshooting DNS Name Resolution

Configuring a WINS Client

Specifying Host Names, Domain Names, and Connection-Specific Names

Configuring a DNS Client

Specifying Additional DNS Servers

Configuring DNS Query Settings

Configuring DHCP to Dynamically Update DNS

DNSServer

DHCP Server

Client registeredClient registered DHCP registeredDHCP registered

Computer1(Static or Dynamic)

Request for IP address

Assign IP address of 192.168.120.133

Client dynamic updateClient dynamic update33

DNS database

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22

Computer1 192.168.120.133Computer1 192.168.120.133

DHCP dynamic updateDHCP dynamic update

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Troubleshooting DNS Name Resolution

Use nslookup commandUse nslookup command

11

Change the host name resolution configurationChange the host name resolution configuration

22

Configuring a WINS Client

DHCP clients

DHCPserver

Manual configurationManual configuration Automatic configurationAutomatic configuration

Lab D: Configuring the DNS Client for Windows XP Professional

Exercise 1:Configuring a Computer to Use DNS

Exercise 2: Configuring an Alternate DNS Server Address

Lesson: Connecting to a Remote Host

Working with FTP

Working with Telnet

Using Telnet Clients

Working with FTP

Windows XP Professional provides various client FTP interfaces along with the tools for hosting FTP sites by using IIS

Windows Explorergraphical client

Windows Explorergraphical client

Command-line client

Command-line client

Working with Telnet

Issuing UNIX commandsUNIX serverTelnet server

Windows XP

Professional Telnet client

Telnet client:Telnet client:

Issuing Telnet commands Windows XP ProfessionalTelnet server

UNIX workstationTelnet client

Telnet server:Telnet server:

Using Telnet Clients

Telnet HyperTerminal