module 4: building community leadership capacity leadership and effective communication unit ii:...

Module 4: Building Community Module 4: Building Community Leadership Capacity Leadership Capacity

Leadership and Effective Leadership and Effective CommunicationCommunication

Unit II: Effective CommunicationUnit II: Effective Communication

IcebreakerIcebreaker

Find people with the same shape as the one on Find people with the same shape as the one on your half sheet of paperyour half sheet of paper

When you find your group answer the following When you find your group answer the following questionsquestions– What does it mean to effectively communicate?What does it mean to effectively communicate?– How do you know when someone is listening to you?How do you know when someone is listening to you?– What are some clues that let you know that someone What are some clues that let you know that someone

understands what you are saying?understands what you are saying?

Share what your group came up withShare what your group came up with

CommunicationCommunication

A process of sending and receiving A process of sending and receiving messagesmessages

Adults divide their communication Adults divide their communication time in the following waytime in the following way– 9 %is written9 %is written– 30 %is verbal 30 %is verbal – 45 % is listening45 % is listening– 16 % is reading16 % is reading

Active ListeningActive Listening

Listening is one part of effective Listening is one part of effective communication, a very important one.communication, a very important one.Being an effective and active listener is a Being an effective and active listener is a process that requires practiceprocess that requires practiceThese skills focus on a direct style of These skills focus on a direct style of communication versus indirectcommunication versus indirectWhen a direct communicator is speaking When a direct communicator is speaking to an indirect communicator there can be to an indirect communicator there can be misunderstandingmisunderstanding

Verbal Active Listening SkillsVerbal Active Listening Skills

EncouragingEncouraging the speaker with verbal cues. I.E the speaker with verbal cues. I.E “yes”, “uh huh”, or “please continue”.“yes”, “uh huh”, or “please continue”.

RepeatingRepeating what the speaker has said. This what the speaker has said. This allows for clarification and ensures that the allows for clarification and ensures that the intended message has been delivered.intended message has been delivered.

AskingAsking. Open ended questions allow the person . Open ended questions allow the person to add to his/her statement.to add to his/her statement.

ThankingThanking the person for participating and or the person for participating and or talking with you.talking with you.

Non-verbal Active ListeningNon-verbal Active Listening

Most communication takes place non-Most communication takes place non-verballyverbally

Body language is an important element of Body language is an important element of communicationcommunication– OpenOpen-be open when talking with someone. -be open when talking with someone.

Do not cross arms in front of chest.Do not cross arms in front of chest.– RelaxRelax-Do not fidget when speaking to people. -Do not fidget when speaking to people.

It may appear that you are distracted which It may appear that you are distracted which may take away from credibility.may take away from credibility.

Non-verbal Active Listening Non-verbal Active Listening ContinuedContinued

– Eye contact-Eye contact-In American culture, eye contact In American culture, eye contact lets people know that attention is being lets people know that attention is being focused on them. In many cultures direct eye focused on them. In many cultures direct eye contact is a form of disrespect, especially if contact is a form of disrespect, especially if there is a higher ranking individual and a there is a higher ranking individual and a subordinate in a meeting.subordinate in a meeting.

– SpaceSpace-Be aware of the amount of personal -Be aware of the amount of personal space between you and the person/people space between you and the person/people you are speaking with. Americans tend to you are speaking with. Americans tend to have the most personal space at 2 feet and have the most personal space at 2 feet and some groups require as little as 6 inchessome groups require as little as 6 inches

DemonstrationDemonstration

What differences did you notice between What differences did you notice between the first and second demonstration?the first and second demonstration?

How do you think the speaker in the first How do you think the speaker in the first demonstration felt?demonstration felt?

How do you think the speaker in the How do you think the speaker in the second demonstration felt?second demonstration felt?

How did the listener convey that she/he How did the listener convey that she/he was listening?was listening?

Communicating Across CulturesCommunicating Across CulturesAfrican AmericanAfrican American

– Tend to use a lot of Tend to use a lot of animation and animation and emotional expressionemotional expression

– Use large amount of Use large amount of gesturesgestures

– Higher volume of Higher volume of speech compared to speech compared to other groupsother groups

– Generally direct when Generally direct when asking or answering asking or answering questionsquestions

– Prefer direct eye Prefer direct eye contactcontact

– Prefer significant Prefer significant amount of space when amount of space when speaking with othersspeaking with others

– Tend to be relationship Tend to be relationship basedbased

– Prefer verbal Prefer verbal communicationcommunication

– History between History between groups is importantgroups is important

Toomey-Ting, Stella. 1999. Communicating Across Cultures.

Asian AmericanAsian American

– Tend to use very little Tend to use very little animation or emotional animation or emotional expression in expression in conversationconversation

– Use very few gesturesUse very few gestures– Generally soft spokenGenerally soft spoken– Tend to be less direct Tend to be less direct

in answering and in answering and asking questions and asking questions and cyclical versus linearcyclical versus linear

– Prefer more distance Prefer more distance between self and between self and othersothers

– Relationship building is Relationship building is importantimportant

– Written communication Written communication is importantis important


– Tend not to use direct Tend not to use direct eye contact to show eye contact to show respectrespect


Hispanic/LatinoHispanic/Latino

– Use a moderate Use a moderate amount of animation amount of animation and emotional and emotional expressionexpression

– Moderate use of Moderate use of gesturesgestures

– Tend to have Tend to have moderate to high moderate to high speech volumespeech volume

– Less direct in Less direct in answering and asking answering and asking questionsquestions

– Tend to use direct eye Tend to use direct eye contact in contact in conversationconversation

– Have very little space Have very little space between self and between self and others when speakingothers when speaking


– Verbal communication Verbal communication is importantis important



European American/WhiteEuropean American/White

Moderate use of Moderate use of animation and emotional animation and emotional expressionexpression

Moderate use of gesturesModerate use of gestures

Moderate to high volume Moderate to high volume of speechof speech

Direct in asking and Direct in asking and answering questionsanswering questions

Prefer direct eye contactPrefer direct eye contact

Prefer significant distance Prefer significant distance between self and others between self and others when communicatingwhen communicating

Focus on accomplishing Focus on accomplishing tasktask

Prefer written Prefer written communicationcommunication

History between groups is History between groups is not importantnot important


Native American IndianNative American Indian

– Use very little Use very little animation or emotional animation or emotional expression in expression in conversationconversation

– Use very few gesturesUse very few gestures– Soft volume of speechSoft volume of speech– Prefer indirect eye Prefer indirect eye

contactcontact

– Prefers more distance Prefers more distance between self and between self and others others


– Oral communication is Oral communication is preferredpreferred



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