COURSE OVERVIEW

This 2-day classroom course describes and discusses the latest digital RF transceivers, including recent direct digitising architectures using high-speed data converters. Topics covered include fundamentals of data sampling, analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analogue converter (DAC) basics.

The course also includes RF transceiver architecture selection, transceiver performance impairments and design trade-offs, as well as a review of a range of RF transmitter and receiver performance measurements. The course is delivered in partnership with leading test and measurement equipment manufacturer Rohde & Schwarz at their UK office in Fleet.

WHAT YOU WILL LEARN

Understand how analogue-to-digital converters (ADCs) operateUnderstand how digital-to-analogue converters (DACs) operateDescribe a range of modern RF transceiver architecturesExplain system design trade-offs that must be consideredKnow the performance challenges of direct digitising transceiversUnderstand a range of RF receiver performance measurementsUnderstand a range of RF transmitter performance measurements

TARGET AUDIENCE

RF Design EngineersWireless Design EngineersHardware EngineersSoftware Development EngineersApplications EngineersTechnical Managers

This technical course is aimed at engineers working in the RF, wireless and microwave communications industry and designing, developing or providing applications support for the latest RF and wireless transceivers using high-speed data converters. This includes RF engineers,

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2019 Course Brochure

Modern Digital RF Transceivers Using High-Speed ADCs and DACs2-Day Classroom Course

wireless engineers, hardware engineers and software engineers working on RF transceiver systems. Technical managers needing to understand the issues surrounding modern RF transceivers would also benefit from the course.

COURSE CURRICULUM

Understanding sampling, aliasing and NyquistAnalogue to digital converters (ADCs)Digital to analogue converters (DACs)Overview of a range of modern RF system architecturesRF transmitter architectures and impairmentsRF receiver architectures and impairmentsModern RF transceiver architecture examplesRF transmitter performance measurementsRF receiver performance measurementsPractical measurement demonstrations

PREREQUISITES

Although there are no formal prerequisites for this course, an ability to absorb and understand technical concepts is essential together with a desire to learn more about the topics covered. A technical background is desirable in order to derive maximum benefit from the course.

Those taking the course would normally be qualified to degree-level or have equivalent experience in an engineering, physics or mathematics-related subject. If you are unsure about the technical level of the course then either  click here  to complete the contact form or call our office on +44 (0)1962 920 123.

WHAT’S INCLUDED?

Class tuition by industry expert with 30+ years of experienceFull-colour printed course notes including all presentation slidesMorning and afternoon refreshments and buffet lunchesHigh-quality printed Certificate of Attendance

COURSE FEE

£1125 + £225 VAT = £1350 GBP per person

COURSE DATES

Click here to view the latest scheduled course dates.

COURSE LOCATION

The course will be held in a modern, well-equipped conference room at Rohde & Schwarz UK.Rohde & Schwarz UK, Ancells Business Park, Fleet, Hampshire, GU51 2UZ, UK

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ONSITE COURSE OPTION

If you have a group or team that requires training, then we can deliver this course onsite at your facility at most locations around the World. For further information, either click here to complete the contact form or call our office on +44 (0)1962 920 123.

COURSE CONTENT

Understanding Sampling, Aliasing and Nyquist

Digital representationSampling process How fast do I sample? Effect of undersampling More on sampling Quantisation and quantisation noise Understanding frequency and timeThe Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)

Analogue to Digital Converters (ADCs)

Basic principles of operationOffset and gain errorsDifferential nonlinearity (DNL) in ADCsIntegral nonlinearity (INL) in ADCsQuantisation noise and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in ADCsNoise spectral densityNoise figure of ADCsNoise power ratio (NPR) Spurious free dynamic range (SFDR)Signal-to-noise-and-distortion (SINAD)Total harmonic distortion (THD)Effective number of bits (ENOB)Example: ADI AD9680 14-bit dual ADCSFDR compared with IM3Kickback NoiseKey requirements of ADCs for RF

Digital to Analogue Converters (DACs)Basic principles of operationDAC parameters and specificationsResolution, speed, linearity, settling time, reference voltage or current, errorsOffset and gain errorsDifferential nonlinearity (DNL) in DACsIntegral nonlinearity (INL) in DACsExample: DNL and INL in ADI AD9162 16-bit RF DACDynamic range

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Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)Spurious free dynamic range (SFDR)Key requirements of DACs for RFFrequency plan for DACsDAC resolution for RF applications – simulation in VSSSin(x)/x distortionDAC modes of operationSin(x)/x response with interpolationInverse Sin(x)/x filtersHalf-band filterHalf-band filter for interpolationExample: ADI AD9144 quad 16-bit 2.8 GSPS DAC

Modern RF System Architectures Overview

Transceiver Architectures and Trade-offsSingle conversion architectureDouble conversion architectureDirect conversion to baseband architectureDirect digitising architecture

RF Transmitter Architectures and Impairments

Constant-envelope transmitter architecturesLinear transmitter architecturesTransmitter with AQM direct upconversion and predistortion lineariserFrequency plan for direct analogue upconversion topologyDQM single-stage upconversion topology digital IF predistortion lineariserFrequency plan for direct upconversion topologyExample: ADI AD9777 dual 16-bit 160 MSPS 2x/4x/8x interpolating DACDirect digitising transmitterExample: ADI AD9162 16-bit 12 GSPS RF DACDigital modulation using NCO in ADI AD9162Frequency plan for direct digital upconversion topologyRF transmitter DAC exampleTransmitter impairmentsIntermodulation, sideband noise, out-of-band emissions, spurious emissionsWhy does linearity matter?Intermodulation distortion (IM3)Two-tone intermodulationConstellations with phase noisePhase noise vs EVM for LTE Example: TI TRF370417 50MHz to 6 GHz quadrature modulator

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RF Receiver Architectures and Impairments

Direct digitising receiverReceiver design objectivesReceiver impairmentsReceiver sensitivitySelectivity requirementsEffects of phase noiseReceiver blocking mechanismsFrequency planning to avoid spursSystem planning to minimise noise and distortionPrediction of performance of cascaded blocksCascaded receiver analysis exampleTime division duplex (TDD) considerationsFrequency division duplex (FDD) considerationsTDD and FDD systemProblems with wideband sampling

Modern RF Transceiver Architecture Examples

Bluetooth® radio architectureExample: TI CC2564 dual-mode Bluetooth® 4.1 controllerTypical 3GPP RF architectureTransceiver key RF challengesTransceiver architecture development case studySuperheterodyne receiver and transmitterMultiband ZIF receiver and ‘advanced’ OPLL transmitterMultiband ZIF transmitter and ZIF receiverWhy are ZIF receivers difficult?What can be done about DC offsets? Example: TI TRF371125 wide bandwidth integrated direct down conversion receiverNear zero IF receiver principlesUse of polyphase filter to provide asymmetric responseDirect digitising receiver at IFExample: ADI AD6655 IF diversity receiverExample: ADI AD9364 1 x 1 RF agile transceiverDirect digitising RF receiverExample: ADI AD9680 14-bit dual ADCThe sample clockADI AD9680 virtual evalNoise figure of ADI AD9680ADC noise figure with LNADo we really need an input filter?LTE blocking requirementsIM3 / SFDR requirements

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Example: ADI AD9371 wideband RF transceiverLTE/3G MIMO transceiver

RF Receiver Performance Measurements

Receiver test setupBit Error Rate (BER) testingReceiver sensitivityAdjacent / alternate channel selectivitySpurious response measurementsReceiver chain measurements

RF Transmitter Performance MeasurementsTransmitter modulatorFrequency kick due to power rampingPower-time responseAM-AM and AM-PM nonlinearitiesSpectral regrowthAdjacent channel powerACLR measurement80MHz spectrum emission maskHarmonics and spurious signals3GPP spectrum emission maskGSM-EDGE EVM measurementsEVM measurementsEVM specifications in practiceEVM combination mechanisms EVM uncertainty guidelines Peak code domain error (PCDE)

Please note that changes may be made to the above content based on continuous improvement and the latest technology developments.

ABOUT US

The Technology Academy was established in 2007 as a private UK company specialising in the development and delivery of instructor-led and online RF, wireless, digital TV and broadcast technology training courses to meet the continuing professional development needs of individuals and companies developing innovative technology products and services. All of our courses are taught by leading technical experts drawn from industry and academia with many years of experience in their specialist fields. Courses are delivered throughout the UK, Europe and Rest of the World. We are a training partner of Rohde & Schwarz UK, who support courses by providing the latest test and measurement equipment for practical demonstrations.

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OUR INSTRUCTORS

As experts in their respective fields, our instructors and advisors are carefully selected from leading technology companies and universities for their comprehensive knowledge of the subject matter. In addition to expert subject knowledge, each instructor has demonstrated the ability to translate complex technical theory into practical, understandable and relevant concepts and teach to a professional audience in an effective, lively and enthusiastic manner. All instructors know the subject matter intimately and are able to expand on all course topics as and when required, emphasising key concepts with suitable analogies and practical examples.

TERMS & CONDITIONS

We encourage you to read our full Terms and Conditions, which cover important issues like payment and cancellation policies.

ANY QUESTIONS?

Please click here and complete the contact form or call our office on +44 (0)1962 920 123.

E&OE.

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Delivered in partnership with leading test equipment manufacturer Rohde & Schwarz.