facolta.unica.it · modal verb con 1 took at the table and then complete the rules (2-4) below....
TRANSCRIPT
g4
Think grammarModal verb con: abilityE Look back at the dialogue and underlinetwo examples of con in the following:
An affirmative sentence
A negative sentenceA questionA short answer
b Complete the rule.
con / con't +
We use these expressions to describe our level
of ability:(not) very well, a bit, quite well, very/really well
PracticeComplete the sentences with con or con'tand a verb from the box.
do use eta/ swim play sing
1 Can you p/av the guitar?
Y.rJ ' ,orTF it a bit.,-.-.r...7-Ben's only five, but he's not afraid of water and
very well.
My sister really well. She's in aband.
vour srandad a
computer? No, he
5 What instruments your friends
6 We _ our homework. lt's verydifficult.
Abilities
Say it!E ln pairs, ask and answer about yourabilities. Use the pictures in exercise 6and the expressions well, very well, etc.
A Can you play the piano?
B No, I can't, but I can play the guitar quite well.What about you?
A I can't play any instruments.
b ruow tell the class about your partner.
Marta can play the guitar quite well. She can ...
il Look at the activities in exercise 6 againand think of:
> 4 things you are good at> 3 things you not very good at
> 2 things you are hopeless at
b tn pairs. Ask and answer about theactivities. Use the language in the box below.
A Are you good at drawing?
B Yes, I am. l'm brilliant at drawing. / No, l'm not.l'm not very good at drawing.
brilliant at great at quite/very/really good at(not) very good at hopeless at
Til6 Match the abilities (1-10)
to the pictures (A-J).
1 E play chess
2 _ play the piano
3 _ juggle
4 _ draw
5 -
cook
6 _ designawebsite7 _ speak Spanish
8 _ dance salsa
9 _ rideascooter10 _ ski
$?
g4
Think grammarbe like vs look likeLook at the dialogue and write the twoquestions that Emma asks about Matteo.
Emma _-*__ _- -?Daisy ...he's nice and funny... (Personality)
Emma --
-.
?
Daisy ... he's tall and really good-looking.
(Appearance)
PracticeMatch the questions (1-6) to the answers (a-0.
t d- what does lim look like?
2 __ What's Daniel like?
3 __ What do her brothers look like?
4 What are Mr and Mrs Bell like?
5 _ What does Emily look like?
6 __ What are your parents like?
a He isn't very friendly, but his wife is.
b They're just normal, I suppose!
c 5he's got long, brown hair and big, brown eyes.
She's very pretty.
d He's quite tall and he's got curly, blonde hair.
e Well, he's really nice and very funny.
f They're tall and they've all got black hair.
PersonalityComplete the sentences with the adjectivesin the box.
clever funny kind nice/friendly
boring interesting serious shy
Mark doesn't talk to anyone at parties. He's
verv shv
Sally is good at Maths. She's very
Ben is very --.. He never smiles.
This film is so _ nothing happens.jane is very
-
and helpful.
I like this book. The story is very
- -.Tim's got a good sense of humour. His jokes
make me laugh. He's very _._
Helen has got lots of friends. 5he's very
What are they Iike?7 ts Read the three descriptions of the
famous people and complete them with theadjectives from the box. Use the photos tohelp you.
long average shy slim tall
blue gorgeeus brown curly serious
5
2
3
4
5
6
7
b @-zol Listen and check.
She's an actress and ex-model fromCleveland, Ohio, in the USA. She's really1 aoraeous . Her date of birth is14th August 1968. She's quite 2=__and slim. She's got 3 ___.._._ eyes and,
in this photo, quite short, dark brown hair.
She's ambitious and interesting. Her famous
films include The X Men, Cotwomon and theJames Bond film, Dle Another Doy.
He's a very famous ltalian motorcyclist.
His date of birth is 1 6th February 1979.
He's of 4..,_.____ height withs
__._.____..--._._._---, brown hair. He is very
on the track, but offthetrack he is funny and friendly to his fans.
He's called 'The Doctor' as a sign of respect.
Her date of birth is 20th June 1967 and
she's got dual American and Australian
citizenship. She's an actress, but she's also
very good at singing. She's very tall, veryand very attractive. 5he's
got light 8 _ eyes. She often
changes her hairstyle, but in this photo
she's got'_*-, blonde hair. She's
kind and quite 10--__--. Her famous
films include: Moulin Rouge,The Hours and
Cold Mountain.
Say it!8 o Think of a famous person and describe
him/her. lnclude this information:
r nationality, age and job
) appearance and personality
> what he/she is famous for
b ln groups. Read your descriptions. Theother students guess who it is.
My famous person is ltalian. He's...
Modal verb con1 took at the table and then complete the
rules (2-4) below.
l/You/We/You/They can dance.
He/She/lt can dance.
2 My friends are quite funny.
5i possono usare questi raffozativianche prima di
un aggettivo per descrivere qualcosa o qualcuno.
4 write sentences about the leve! of yourability in these things.
UYou/We/You/They cannoUcan't dance
He/5he/lt cannot/can't dance.
Yes, l/you/we/they/he/she/it can.
No, Uyou/we/they/he/she/it can't.
Con si usa per parlare di abiliti e capacitir. E un
verbo modale quindi:
1 We can speak English.
E seguito dalla forma base del verbo (senza to).
2 Lucia can play the guitar.
Alla terza persona singolare (helshelit) non si
aggiunge
3 Rob can't come.
La forma negativa si forma aggiungendo
Can you play the guitar?
Nella forma interrogativa si usano gli
ausiliari do e does.
Write five sentences about things you canand can't do. Then write five sentencesabout what someone in your family can andcan't do. (Think about: sports, languages,instruments, technology, hobbies, jobs inthe home.)
(not) very, quita, very, really +welli a bltLook at the words in the box and completethe rule.
(not) very i quite I very lreally + well
1 Lucia can play the guitar very well.
Si possono usare questi rafforzativi prima
dell'avverbio well per precisare il livello di
abiliti.
Queste espressioni awerbiali vengono sempreposte alla della frase. Anche o bit(= un po') si usa a questo scopo.
b now complete the rute.
Si usano questi aggettivi per esprimere quanto dbrava una persona a fare qualcosa.
aggettivo + ot + sostantivoaggettivo + of + verbo in
O Read Daisy's school report and writefive more sentences about her ability ineach subject.
Name: Daisy/ones Class:1DJ
English Science
French 1000/o MathsGeography l0olo History 55o/o
1 dance: I can dance rea//v we/|.
speak English:
play tennis:
ski:
ride a bike:
swim:
2
3
4
5
6
Adjective + of + noun or verb5 i Write these adjectives in the correct place
in the table: brilliant, hopeless, good.
She's great / '_ / atfantastic
l'm (quite/veryireallyl atpretty)'_
Rosie's not very good at
They're 3 at
chess.
playing thepiano.
Maths.
singing.
6
35o/o
3 1 Daisyb brilliant at speakiry French.
b wow write sentences about your ability infive school subjects.
1 I m rery yood at Physks.
10
be like vs look likeMatch the exampless (l-3) to the functions(a-c). Then translate the questions.
1 _ 'How is she?' 'Fine, thanks.'
_ 'What are your teachers like?'
'They're nice.'
_ 'What does he look like?'
'He's tall and good-looking.'
a asking about appearance
b asking about health
c asking about personality
Translate the sentences into English.
1 Che aspetto hanno i tuoi amici?
2 Come sono questi CD?
3 Come state?
4 Che aspetto hai?
5 Com'd la sorella diScott?
Adjective orderRead the examples and complete the rules.
Quando si descrive l'aspetto fisico di una persona
gli aggettivi seguono un ordine preciso:
1 He's a handsome man.
generale: '_ ) 2_ (sostantivo,
aggettivo qualificativo) ;
2 She's a tall, slim girl.
generale: 3_ > 4_ (corporatura, alteual;
3 He's got short, curly, brown hair.
capelli: s_ > o_ ) '_ (colore,
lunghezza, tipo).
Put the words in the correct order to makesentences.
3 tall a woman is slim Juliet gorgeous
4 hair got you shoulder-length have straight ?
grammarin context EO For a Media Studies project, Daisywrites about her favourite celebrities,the Osbournes. Read her description and forquestions 2-8, choose A, B or C.
Ozzy 0sboume is famous as the lead singer with theheavy metal group 8/ackSabbath. He comes fromBirmingham in the UK and his real name is John.
Now he lives in the USA and he is famous also as
a TV personality because of the popular MTV show'The Osbournes'. ln the show, we see the day-
to-day life of the Osbourne family: Ozzy, his wifeSharon and their two children, Kelly and Jack. I like
them a lot - you can see they are real people.
Sharon Osbourne is also Ozzy's manager andshe is now a celebrity too. She often appears onTV quizzes and reality shows. She is a strong,independent woman.
It's easy to recognise their photos in magazines
- Ozzy's appearance is unique! He's got long,straight, black hair and he always wearssunglasses. Sharon's got short, wavy, hair and
she's very attractive.
Why does Sharon love Ozzy after all these years?
She says:'He makes me laugh, and he's honest.'
Ozzy Osbourne is American.A Right @ Wrong C Doesn't say
Ozzy can sing very well.A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say
Ozzy is only famous in the UK.
A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say
He is famous for two reasons.A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say
Sharon is hopeless at business.
A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say
6 Daisy says Sharon is a horrible person in real
life.
A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say
7 Ozzy's appearance is unusual.A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say
8 Sharon loves her husband because he's funnyand tells the truth.A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say
b ln pairs. Ask and answer about Ozy andSharon's appearance and personality.
A What does Ozzy look like? / What's he like?
B He's...
got
Che aspetto hanno i tuoi amici?
1 wavy she hair long has blonde
handsome plump a is man he short2
5 short isn't hair and curly Kieran's
t G, Listen and
HEIGHT tall
Physical description
repeat the descriptions
of average height shorttall
rcl (&*
ffiry
El-Dl --. 1' r- *'.' \ -,i' \1
BUILD athletic/muscular of average build
g€{
plump/overweight
t---T;ra--l tr_/ \isreylEir-l 6}-63
tr
a
b
c
d
e
toDh
canna, grazrosa
bellissimo/a
bello
poco attraente
splendido/a
belloia
bruttoia
attraente
S-#2 t Match the adjectives (1-8) to their ttalian
translations (a-h).
1 r gorgeous
2 sood-lookinp
3 _ attractive
4 orettv kapazzal
5 -
beautiful
6 _ handsome (uomo)
7 * unattractive
8 _ ugly
b Gilz Listen and check. Listen and repeat.
slim/thin
Adjective orderE Study the rules.
1 generale: aggettivo qualificativo + sostantivo
She's a beautiful woman.2 generale: altezza + corporatura
He's tall and slim.
3 capelli: lunghezza + tipo + coloreShe's got long, wavy, red hair.
Nota: ln inglese hair (= i capelli) d unsostantivo non numerabile.
Her hair is dark brown.
dark = scuro; light = chiaro
b tn pairs. Ask and answer about you andyour family.
A What do you look like?
B l'm talland slim. l've got brown eyes...
A What does your dad look like?
B He's talland...
?'Td^g&ffi€gr*ffrs
Musical instruments
1 a match the names of the instruments to the pictures (1-16).
12 accordion -
clarinet -
flute
- acoustic guitar
- double bass
- keyboard
_ bass guitar -
drums _ mlxer
- cello
- electric guitar
- Piano
b @@ Listen and check. Listen and repeat.
2 Copy the table and write the instruments inthe correct column.
_ saxophone
_ trombone
_ trumpet
- violin
3 ln pairs. Ask and answer aE'out theinstruments. "/
A Can you play the saxo6hone?
B No; I can't. / Yes, I trn1 I can play it really well.
8
Language Practice
Laura e Jacob cercano lavoro in una stazionesciistica. Completa i! colloquio con la formacorretta di con e un verbo adatto.
6
GrammarModal verb conScrivi frasi su cio che ciascun personaggiofamoso sa fare e non sa fare.
6d1 Elton John / speak Chinese / play the piano.
E/ton lo/rn can't speak Cltinese, but /te can
o/av the oiano.,
@)).-,,'':------,{w'y\-/ \r
oo
Man
Laura
Man
Jacob
Laura
I Can vou soeak (vou) German?
Yes, I 2
lacob 3
OK. Now, cooking is important.
meals?
Oh, yes. We s
it a bit, but
(you) good healthy
really well.
is
(you)Man Good. The only transport here
scooters. 6
scooters?
Oh, nol I 7
ooo
But lacob 8
a scootera
motorbike.
Great! Now, what about skiing?(you both)?
Jacob Well, llo , but Laura1l . She doesn't like
snow!
Man ln that case, you 12 the jobl
Adjective + ot + noun or verbCompleta le frasi indicando quanto sonobravi o no a fare queste cose. Usa gliaggettivi del riquadro.
brilliant (very/really) good hopeless
1 Madonna's bri/rtant at dancin (dance).
Cats are
Valentino Rossi is
a motorbike.
Artists are usually
(ride)
(draw)
Most people aren't (juggle).
Italians are generally(understand) Spanish.
be like vs look likeScrivi domande adatte alle risposte.
t whatb Helen /*e?Helen? She's quite serious.
My brothers are very different. Pat's tall and
dark, but Nlck's short with blonde hair.
My dad's shy, but my mum's very friendly.
Carol's got long, curly hair.
l'm fine, thank you
2 Monica Bellucci / speak French and English /juggle eight balls
Pffi d-3 .lustin Timberlake / sing / play the guitar
Donatella Versace / play professional football /
design clothes
(not) very, quite, very, reolly + well;o bitScrivi cinque frasi che sono vere per te. Usa
le parole del riquadro e i rafforzativi con weII.
play the guitar/piano play chess juggle
draw sing speak English/French
2
3
4
5
6
10
1 / can't p/ay t/re piano rery we//.I think l'm kind and funny
in con le parti del giorno in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening
ATTENZIONE: at night (di notte) in the night (nel cuore della notte)
con r mesr in January, in March, in October
con le stagioni in (the) summer, in (the) winter, in (the) autumn, in (the) spring
con gli anni, isecoli, i periodi storici in 1966, in the 18th century, in the Middle Ages
at con night ot night
con lbra at 4 p.m., at half past two
con i pasti ot breokfast (time), at lunch-time, at dinner
con momenti precisi at the weekend, at dawn, at the beginning / the end of the year
ATTENZION E i on the weekend (USA\
con i periodi difestivitir at Christmos, at Easter(si intende tutto il periodo delle feste di Natale / Pasqua)
con l'eti at thirty (a trent'anni)
on con igiorni on Friday(s), on Monday ofternoonATTENZIONE: in the afternoon / on Mondoy afternoon
con i giorni festivi on my birthday, on Christmas Day (si intende solo il giorno di Natale)
con le date on Moy 4th
4.6 Le preposizioni e !e espressioni di tempoLe preposizioni di tempo piir usate in inglese sono i...€ #
" infi Osserva la tabella.
}IOTA (HE
1 At, in e on si omettono davanti alle espressioni che iniziano con this I these,last, next, each ed every.
We aren't on holiday these days. Non siamo in vacanza in questi giorni.lacob goes to the stadium every Sunday. |acob va allo stadio tutte le domeniche.
2 In e on si omettono davanti a: today (oggi), tonigfit (stasera), yesterday (ieri), the day before yesterilay(l'altro ieri), tomorrow (domani), the day after tomorrow (dopodomani).
I don't want to go to the theatre tonight. Non voglio andare a teatro stasera.
Today it's very cool. Oggi d molto fresco.
3 Se la data (o il giorno della settimana) ha funzione di soggetto, non si usa la preposizione on. Se la dataha funzione di complemento di tempo, d preceduta dalla preposizione on.
December 25th is Christmas.Christmas is on 25th December.
Il25 dicembre E Natale. (soggetto)
Natale d il25 dicembre. (complemento di tempo)
4 On + sostantivo significa 'hppena / immediatamente dopo".
On his arrival, David began shouting. Immediatamente dopo il suo arrivo, David inizid a urlare.
33wkat's rmoney? A rnan rs a successif ke Sets op in tke rmorninS atd,Soes to bed, at n$kt and in betweend,oes wkat ke watts to d,o,77Bob Dylan, American singer and musician (1941)
6A
4.6 Le preposizioni e le espressioni ditempo
E lnserisci in,ot, ondove necessario.
O. at midday
- lunch
the mornino
- MaY'l4th
_ June
_ tomorrow
_ spring
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
every Mondaydawn
tonightEaster Sunday
last week
7.15
nightChristmas
the 19th centurythis week
8 p.m.
Sunday afternoon
13.
14.15.
16.17.18.
E Completa le frasi con in,ot,on.
0. Cinderella loses her shoe at midnight.
1. I always go to my grandparents'house for lunch Christmas Day.
2. Helen and Grace always meet
-
lunch-time Fridays for a drink and a chat.3. What time does the film start? Oh, it's _ 7.30. Don,t be late!4. We always go skiing in the Dolomites _ January.
5. Ryan, Luke and Tony usually play football together _ the weekend.6. _ July 4th, Kelly always has a barbecue in her garden.7. Go to bed!The plane leaves very early _ the morning.8. A lot of young people are involved in car accidents _ night.
EI completa le frasi con in, ot, on dovenecessario. lnserisci una x dove la preposizione non E necessaria.
0. Studentsaresotired at theendoftheyear!
1. Let's go to the beach _ this weekend.2. We always go to a concert _ New Year's Eve.
3. St. Patrick's Day is March 17th.4. I walk in the park _ the weekend.5. _ February 14th is Valentine's Day.
6. _ July, my brother comes home from University!7. lt is a gorgeous day _ today.8. BluebellWood is so pretty spring.
Kayla parla della sua festa di compleanno con Noah.
Completa il dialogo con in, ot, on.
NOAH Whent your birthday?KAYLA lt's (O) ir,r June. l'm having a party.
NOAH Oh, great! I love parties (1)_ summer.What day is it (2) _?
KAYLA lt's not actually (3) _ my birthday, but it's(4)_ Saturday the 6th.
NOAH And what time does it start (5) _?KAYLA Oh, I don't know. (6) about 9.00 p.m.?
NOAH Great, see you (7)_June 6th,(8) _ 9.00 p.m. then!
il
6g
costa questa camicia?
much are these trousers?
cwtano questi p antaloni?
-lt's 825.
- Cwta 25 sterline.
- They're fl40.50 'r.- Cwtano 40 stuline e 50 (pence)
- About once a week.
- All'incirca una oolta alla settimana.
- Because he's not well.- Perchi non sta bme.
Non so perchi Bob i arrabbiato con ffie,
41
BASICSIGli interrogativi (2): which, whose, when,
nruchl many? = " Qtanto f i? "much time have we got?
how much/mony, how long, how often, why
awerbi e pronomi interrogativi sono:
= "Quale? Chi di voi/di loro...?" (fra un certo numero di cose o persone)
film do you prefer to see, X or Y? Which of them is your brother?Chi di loro d tuo fratello?film preferisci oedere, X o Y?
? = "Di cltj?"
E usato per informarsi sul possesso. Pub essere seguito immediatamenteursostantivo, o avere una costruzione simile all'italiano.
dog is this?/Whose is this dog? - It's mine./It's my friend's.&iiquesto cane? - E mio.[P, del mio amico.
Quando chiudono i negozi?
How manybrothers and sisters have you got?
Quanti frntellihni?
- "Quando?"
do the shops close?
tempo abbinmo?
ttruchislarc d inoltre usato per chiedere ilprezzo.much is this shirt? (o How much does this shirt cost?)
long? = "Quanto tempo?"long does the lesson last? Quanto (tempd dura la lezione?
ofien? = "Con che frequenza? Quante volte?"
Eow often do you go to the hairdresser's?du frequenza/Quante aolte aai dal parrucchiere?
="Petch6?"E usato nel fare domande, anche indirette. Nel dare spiegazioni si usa because.
isn't |im at school?
limnonbascuola?
tknow why Bob is angry with me.
introdotte da interrogativi,la preposizione in genere d posta alla fine della frase.
do you come/are you from? Di doae sei?
Con chi abita Peter?
Di che cosa sei preoccupato?
Peter live with?arc you worried about?
si leggono come segue:
ftoe pence (informalefloe p [pir])fuy pounils twenty-fiae (pence)
tocaty-nine euros ninety cents
costa questa umicin?
much are these housers?
castano questi p antaloni?
- Perch| non stabme.
Non so perch6. Bob i arrabbiato con fte.
BASICSIGli interrogativi (2): which, whose, when,how much/monyt how long, how often, why
awerbi e pronomi interrogativi sono:
= "Quale? Chi di voi/di loro...?" (fra un certo numero di cose o persone)film do you prefer to see, X or Y? Which of them is your brother?
tfui yeferisci oedere, X o Y? Chi di loro i tuo fratello?
= "A N?"i usato per informarsi sul possesso. Pud essere seguito immediatamentestantivo, o avere una coshuzione simile all'italiano.
dog is this?/Whose is this dog? - It's mine./It's my friend's.ii qureto cane? -Emio.E delmio amico.
Quando chiudono i negozi?
How many brothers and sisters have you got?
Qunnti fratelli hai?
= "Quando?"
do the shops close?
! ="Quantof i?"nuch time have we got?
btryo abbiamo?
tarchislarc E inoltre usato per chiedere rlprezzo.much is this shirt? (o How much does this shirt cost?)
bng? = "Quanto tempo?"long does the lesson last? Qwnto (tempo) dura la lezione?
often? = "Con che frequenza? Quante volte?"often do you go to the hairdresser's? - About once a week.
- All'incirca una aolta alla settimana.du frequenzn/Quante oolte aai dal panucchiue?
="Perch6?"E usato nel fare domande, anche indireite. Nel dare spiegazioni si usa because.
hyisn'tJim at school? - Because he's not well.
limnon i a scuola?
know why Bob is angry with me.
inhodotte da interrogativi, la preposizione in genere E posta alla fine della frase.do you come/are you from? Di doae sei?
Con chi abita Peter?
Di chc cosa sei preoccupato?
does Peter live with?are you worried about?
si leggono come segue:
fin ? *c, (informalefioe p [pir] )
furty pounds fiaenty-fioe (pmce)
twmty-nine euros ninety cents
-lt's f,25.
- Costa 25 sterline.
- They're f40.50 'i.- Costano 40 sterline e 50 (pmce).
41
I,BASICS
I Completate le domande con un plonome, un aggettivo o un awerbio interrogativo.
1 ........................ does the next trarn leave?
2 ........................ homework have we got for tomorrow?
3 ........................ number are our seats?
4 ........................ can give Jenny a lift home?
5 ........................ of you can give Jenny a lift home?
6 ........................ people work in this office?
7 ........................ kind of films do you prefer?
B There are three rucksacks here. ............ is yours?
I ......................., is the right answer, a)or b)?
10 ... is my watch? I can't find it.
Completate le domande.
I o ............. is Jane angry? - I have no idea.
I c ............. is that lady? - She's our new principal.
J o .,...,....... of those guys is a basketball player? - The tall one, of course.
{ o ............. do you go to the cinema? - Once a week, usually.
$ o ............. are these trousers? - They're €75.
$ o ...,........, do you go to school? - Usually by bus.
Formate domande e date risposte come negli esempi.
e.g. pen? (Bilt) . Whose pen is this? - lt's Bill's.
o Whose jeans are these? - They're mine.jeans? (my jeans)
I dog? (my neighbours)
,
nttD
HJ
c,C'
F(,GIL,o-
42
2 magazines ? (our maaaz'rnes) ffilMIgEffi
3 newspaper? (wattel Tlt .
4 suitcase? (that man)
gloves? Gnn) Ghandbag? (her handbag)
&
a
BASICS
I Formate domande appropriate usando pronomi, aggettivi o avverbi interrogativi.' . I can't come to the cinema tonight.
I r ....... these roses? - They're [1.50 each
. We go to a gym regularly.
playing chess?
- Because it's a difficult game. l'm hopeless at it.
. Can you come to the lazz festival? - lt depends. .... start?
. On the 5|'. lt's a Saturday. ..........?o lt only lasts five days.
5 Oette persone stanno facendo acquisti in un grande magazzino e si informanosui prezzi. Gompletate le domande e le risposte.
1
.)
?
these boots?
these socks?
that anorak?
that belt?
LT2O
ei5.[65.
ffi5.
Quali domande fareste per avere informazioni precise su quanto vi viene detto?(lniziate sempre le domande con un pronome, aggettivo o avverbio interrogativi.)
' L here are a lot of rooms in our flat.
[30.
[15 each.
L25.
145.
t Formate domande per ottenere le informazioni sottolineate.
' -rans comes from Berlin.
- Sairy shares a flat with a friend.
: :-y is worried about her examination.
-nat car costs a lot.
Ihese bags aren't mine.
Riordinate le seguenti domande.
' :o lwho/for I workl you?
- ,tu I are I of I what I afraid ?
- :ren I what I can I I lwith / this / tin ?
4 I don't like my sister's new boyfriend
5 I haven't got a lot of money.
6 Eric travels abroad quite often.
4 about I whal I can I we I Ialk?
5 that / is / what / book / about ?
6 what I do I for / a knife / you / need ?
4 Walt is interested in photography.
5 That castle belongs to the Windsors
6 This letter is from Aunt Sybil.
'9B'etIf.c)CD
43
-Alcune preposizioni di luogo
corrisponde in genere all'italiano "a" (at the = aL, allo/a...).home/school/the station/the bus stop; at 23, Oxford Street (ln inglese normalmente
ciaico D posto primn della aia)
in genere all'italiano "in, dentro" (in the = nel, nello/a...). Notate perd
si usa in con nomi di citti.tre garden/the park/Oxford StreeU in the baglthe box...; in New York/Paris...
tdice di norma at home ma in the house.
[.ee at home? There are eight rooms in this house.
Ci sono otto stanze in questa casa.ttcos/in casa Lee?
To (= "a,in") e from (= "da") sono preposizioni di moto a e da luogo. Si deve percid
*mpre usare fo e non af o in con i verbi di moto.
We don't go to school on Saturday. Non andiamo a scuola il sabato.
Whv don't you come to the park with us? Perchi non aieni al pnrco con noi?
fle comes back from work at 7 o'clock. Torna dal laztoro alle 7.
si usa davanti al sostantivohome.
hn'tcome home late.
l5t tornare a casa tardi.
lt's time to go home.
E ora di andare a casa.
*
Io
preposizioni di luogo sono:
aa = " stJ, sopra" (con contatto)
"su, sopra" (senza contatto)
= "vicino (a)" ETo
The lamp is on the table.
La lampadn i sul taaolo.
The painting is on the wall.Il quadro d sulla parete.
There's a lamp over the table.C'i una lampada sopra il taaolo.
The bin is under the desk.
Il cestino d sotto ln sqiaania.
The museum is near the station.
You can walk there.Il museo i aicino alla stazione.
Ci puoi andnre a piedi.
The pub is next to the theatre.Il pub i accanto al/a fanco del teatro.
Bob is sitting between Aliceand Georgia.Bob i seduto fra Alice e Georgia.
at tO= "aCCantO a, a fian.O di" E I
"fra(due)" @@Eq45
IBASICS
.t'li
,:itiii
in the middle (ofl = "inmezzo (a)"
on the rightlleft = "a destra/sinistra"
in ftont of = "daYanti a"
behind = "dietro (a)"
? opposite = "di fronte a, dirimpetto"
* against="cofltro"
ln front of d.l'opposto dibehind, percid non sigrrificanecessariamente "faccia a faccia" , "di fronte a".
Quando persone o cose si trovano dalla parte opposta
di un tavolo, una casa, rnapiazza si usa di normaopposite. Confrontate gli esempi:
There's a table in the middle ofthe room and a sofa on the right.C'i un taaolo in mezzo alla stnnza
eun diaano adestra.
Jenny is in front of jim in the queue.
Jim is behind her.
lenny b daannti a lim nella coda.
limidietroalei.
There's a good restaurant opposite
the cinema.C'i un buon ristorante di fronte al cinema.
The ladder is against the wall.La scala D contro il muro.
The under gr ound st ation
is in front of the cinema.
The under ground station
is opposite the cinema.
@ eer preposizioni di tempo vedi anche pag. 422, per preposizioni di luogo vedi anche pag. 427.
Completate !efrasi con le preposizioni at, in,fron, fo. Mettete una Xse non C richiesta
alcuna preposizione.
'I The travelagency is ............ 10, Castle Road.
2 o Where's your friend ............? - She's Spain. She lives ............ Granada.
3 We live ............ the centre of town, Park Street.
4 My husband is not ............ home now. He never comes ............ home for lunch.
5 Mrs Johnson lives ............ that beautiful house.
6 Does this bus go ............ the station?
7 . ls Pierre ............ school? - No, he doesn't go ............ school on Saturday.
8 I must go ............ home now.
ctt,a!.(,GILa-
46
i !..r:r'r.rr 11
: 'red goes the office by bicycle.
,'i e have a cottage the country, so we often go
,'/,ry don't we go ............ a restaurant tonight?
luncan and Emma are ............ the cinema. They go.
2 :cmpletate le frasi con le preposizioni appropriate.
BASICS *
. the country at weekends.
the cinema quite often.
3 Who's the boy sitting............
Mrs Sanders? ls he her son?
6 The second-hand bookshop
is ............ Swinton Street,
the left. There's a
florist's the bookshop
and there's a restaurant
the flower shop.
-= :ell tower is ............-= --urch and there's a--.-=e clock . ..... it.
'=': ate two kites--= - and there's a sirange
- -: '.vrng ............ them.
2 There are a lot of people
us in the queue and
only two ............ us.
5 The bookcase is............ the
door and the desk. There's a
ladder ............ the bookcase
and there's a parrot
one of the shelves. There's a
cat ............ the ladder.
Completate la descrizione con le
--= riblic library is: r'. Square
- :. -lall. There are flower
-=:s :............ the two
- - : r'rgs and there are two cafes
... them. There are
-=-: e sitting the cafes.-:':'S a small park
City Hallwith
i---: n ....0f it.
-='a ate ducks 8............ the
:'.=' Z.td there are benches
the trees around--=
-::Cnd.
preposizioni appropriate.
'11
S'c)
=.c)(D
47
Sostantivi numerabili e non numerabili (1):o/an, some, ony
Come in italiano, in inglese si distingue tra sostantivi numerabili e nonnumerabili. I numerabili sono quelli che si riferiscono ad oggetti o apersone che si possono contare.a bottleuna bottiglia
Al singolare questi) Vedl unlti 7.
I've got an umbrella.Ho un ombrello.
two dogs
two dogsdue cani
three childrentre bambini
I want some sugar inmy tea.
I sostantivi non numerabili sono quelli che si riferiscono ad oggetti chenon si possono contare, come coffee, milk, noise, ecc.
Questi sostantivi owiamente non prendono l'articolo indeterminativo t
non hanno il plurale.I don't like coffee.There was a lot of noise.
Per indicare quantiti indeterminate si usano some o any (qtalche, unpo', alcuni/e ecc.).
A differenza dell'italiano, l'uso di some o any dipende dal tipo di frase:frasi affermative ) someThere are some chairs in the other roomCi sono delle/alcune sedie nell'altra stanza.I want some sugar in my tea.Voglio dello/un po' di zucchero nel mio ti.
frasi negative e interrogative ) anyThere aren't any chairs in the other room.Non ci sono sedie nell'altta stanza.Are there any chairs in the other room?Ci sono delle/alcune sedie nell'altra stanza?
A dlfferenza dell'ltallano, in 'Si, ce n'i un po' in ftigo.'inglese non d possibile usare la 'No, I'm afraid I haven't got any.'doppia negazione, quindi nelle frasi 'No, non ne ho.'conno il verbo va alla formaaffermativa.There's no time. The+eis#tsnetiee.Non c'i tempo.
Some e any possono anche essereusati come pronomi.'Have you got any butter?''Hai del buno?''Yes, there's some in the fridge.'
prendono l'articolo indeterminativo a o an.
Have you got a pencil?Hai una matita?
Non mi piace il caffi.C'era molto rumore.
Have you got a
pencil?
There was a lot ofnoise.
Some si usa anche nelle interrogativequando ci si aspetta una rispostapositiva e quando si offre qualcosa.Can I have some milk, please?
Potrei avere del latte, per favore?Would you like some wine?Vuoi del vino?
Not ... any prtd essere sostituitoanche da no.There aren't any chairs. =There are no chairs.Non ci sono sedie.
62
Alcuni sostantivi sononumerabili in italiano e nonnumerabili in inglese.adice consigliluggage bagagliinformation informa zionifurnibnemobili>Vedl uniti 11.
Inserisci a o some.
........{...... tree
4 ............... coffee
Inserisci some o any negli spazi vuoti.
1 There aren't ...9!!11......... good restaurants in this town.
2 Don't worry about lunch. I've got sandwiches.
3 Have you got ........... . brothers and sisters?
4 I thinkyou owe me ............ money.
5 We'd like to stay longer, but we don't have ......... ... time.
6 Could you give me ............ information please?
7 Sam bought trousers in the sale.
8 'Have you got raspberry iam?"Yes, I think there'sleft in the cupboard.'
Tirasforma le seguenti frasi in altre di significato equivalente.
1 I'm afraid we don't have any coffee left.
..r.!m,.qfr.qit. v. .e. !ruv.e. rs .s sffs.e. !.efr . . . . . .. . .. . . . .. . . .
2 She has no moral principles.
3 We never received any news from her.
4 He made no comments.
5 We don't have any money for ourselves.
SOSTANTIVI NUMERABILI E NON NUMERABILI (1): A/AN, SOME, /4Nv: UNTTA 24
2 ............... snow 3 ............... boxes
5 ...............water 6 ............... cup
IqO
oo
aooo
oo
6 There's no time to waste.
6?
Sostantivi numerabili e non numerabili (2)
Alcuni sostantivi possono essere sia numerabili che non numerabili,con diverso significato. Osserva questa tabella e nota le analogie e ledifferenze con l'italiano.
some paper
a fishun pesce
a coffeeun caft (una tazza)a paperun giomalea woodun bosco
an ironun ferro da stiroa glassun bicchiere
Is your spaghettigood?
Your hair is beautiful.
spaghettispaghettiEnglishl'inglesehaircapellimoneysoldihomeworkcompitihouseworkfaccende domestiche
Alcuni sostantivi sono considerati dei plurali collettivi.Non prendono la desinenza -(e)s e richiedono un verboal plurale. I pii comuni sono people e police.
There are some people in the garden.Ci sono delle persone in giardino.The police are cominglSta anivando la polizia!
Al contrario, altri terminano con la desinenza - (e)s delplurale ma richiedono una forma verbale singolare.The news is on TV.Le notizie (del telegiornale) sono (trasmesse) in televisione.Maths is more difficult than English.La matematica ? piit difficile dell'inglese.
u
Altri sono considerati non numerabili e non hanno il plurale. Oltre aquelli indicati nella uniti precedente vi sono:
some fishdel pesce
some coffeedel caffisome paperdella cartasome wooddella legna
some irondel ferro (metallo)
some glassdel vetro
Is your spaghetti good?Sono buoni gli spaghetti?Your English is good.Il tuo inglese i buono. (=Parli bene inglese.)
Your hair is beautiful.I tuoi capelli sono bellissimi.The money is on the table.I soldi sono sul tavolo.Your homework is not finished.I tuoi compiti non sono finiti.Housework is hard!Le faccende domestiche sono faticose!
Alcuni sostantivi non numerabili possono esserepreceduti da espressioni che indicano singole uniti.
bread i a loaf of breadpane + una Pagnottamilk + a carton of milklatte + un cartone di lattetoast + a slice of toasttoast (pane tostato) ) una fetta di toast (smza farcitura)hair t a strand of haircapelli + una ciocca di capellisoap { a bar of soapsapone + un pezzo di sapone
Housework is hardl
SOSTANTTVI NUMERABTLI E NON NUMERABTLT (2): UNTTA 25
Inserisci a, an o niente negli spazi vuoti.
I Could you bring me ...4...... glass, please?
2 They make these towels from recycled paper.3 This table is made of .......... wood.
4 That was silly of me. Now there,s coffee all over the table.5 My shirt is dry now. Have you got .......... iron?6 One wall is .......... glass, so there is lots of light in the room.7 canyou buy me .......... paper? I want to check the footbarr resurts.8 There's small wood at the end of our garden.
Scegli I'opzione corretta tra quelle indicate.
1 I'll post your letters. Have you got ....h....?a stamp b any stamps
2 The streets were empty. There weren,t there.a PeoPles b some people3 Have_you got..........? I can help you.a a luggage b- some luggages
4 Do you like ..........? No, I don,t.a hot milk
a an advice
7 There's been a robbery! Calla a police
b a hot milk
b some advice
b some police
c any stamp
c any people
c anyluggage
c some hot milk
c some furniture
c advices
c the police
c a lot of homework
5 We've iust moved into our house, and we haven,t gota a furniture b any furniture a- -
6 Can you help me? I,d like
I Our English teacher always gives usa a lot of homeworks b some homeworks
Inserisci is o are in ciascuno spazio.
I Helen's hair ....i{.... very long.
2 The weather .......... really good at the moment.3 Don't worry. The police here .......... very helpful.4 Can you turn on the television? The news .......... on.5 Where the money that I gave you yesterday?
6 Where my trousers? I left them here.
65
There are manyreasons why peace isdifficult to achieve.
There were loads ofpeople in the queue.
I've got lots of femalefriends.
Nelle domande, 'quanto/a e quanti/e'si traduconorispettivamente con how much per i sostantivi nonnumerabili ehow manyper quelli plurali.
How much homework have you got? LotslQuanti compiti hai? Un sacco!
How many pages do you read every day? Ten
Quante pagine al giomo leggi? Dieci.
Much e many possono essere usati anche come pronomi,owero senza essere seguiti dal nome.'Can you lend me some money?''Yes, but I haven't gotmuch.''Puoi prestarmi dei soldi?' 'Si, ma non ne ho molti.'
66
Much, mony, how much, how mony, o lot of, lots ofCome in italiano 'moltof a', muchin inglese d seguito da sostantivi nonnumerabili.There isn't much time.Non c'ir molto tempo.
Allo stesso modo, 'molti/e'in inglese si traduce many ed d seguito dasostantivi plurali.Are there many seats?Ci sono molti posti a sedere?
There are many reasons why peace is difficult to achieve.Esistono molti ragioni per cui i difficile stabilire la pace.
Many nel linguaggio colloquiale diventa a lot of oppure /ofs of (un saccodi).There's lots of time.C'i molto tempo.There are a lot of seats.Ci sono un sacco di posti a sedere.
Nel linguaggio parlato, oltre a lofs si usa anche loads.There were loads of people in the queue.C'erano un sacco di persone in fila.
MuchMany si usano soprattutto nelle negative e nelle interrogative.Nelle affermative si preferisce usare d lot offlots of o plenty of(abbondanza di).
There's plenty of food . Theret m**ehJeed.C'b molto cibo.There isn't much food.C'i poco cibo.I've got lots of female friends. @.Ho molte amiche.I haven't got many female friends.Ho poche amiche.
'How many players are there?''Quanti giocatori ci sono?'
'Not many.''Non molti.'
'Molto' dopo i verbi si traduce convery much o a lot.Osserva la posizione nella frase.I like that songvery much. @.Mi piace molto quella canzone.
Davanti agli aggettivi, 'molto'si traduce convery.I'm very tired.Sono molto stanco.
There are a lot of seats.
1
2
3
4
5iI
I
3
MUCH, MANY, HOW MUCH, HOW MANY, A LOT OF, LO15 OF: UNITA 26
Scegli le parole corrette tra quelle sottolineate.
1 There isn't many(6-uD food in the fridge, I'm afraid.2 Have you read many/much books in German?3 We don't have many/much rain in the summer.I There isn't manI/much coffee left.5 You haven't made many/much mistakes.6 The cinema is nearly full. There aren't many/much seats left.
Completa le domande con How much o How many.
......I!.o.v..ryrysh....... money have you got?
students are in the class?
paper do you need?
pages are there in this book?
time have we got left?
Diana e Vicki sono in uno shopping centre in cerca di regali. Completa il dialogo conl'opzione corretta tra quelle fornite.
Diana What (1) ...4....... people!
Vicki And we don't have (2) ...... time left. It's already five o'clock.
Diana I know, it's (3) ...... late. We've got (4) presents to buy.
Vicki And not (5) .........money.
Diana Look at that shirt. (6) ..........is it? I like it (7) ......... .
Vicki Forty euros.
Diana What! That's (8) .........of money! How about that T-shirt?
Vicki Only nine euros. That's (9) ....cheap. We could buy one for Barbara, one for Luisa,
one for Nigel ...
Diana (10) ........... in total? Three?
Vicki Let's buyfour. Let's hurryup, there aren't (11) ..........Ieft.
L a many2 a much3 a much4 a many5 a many6 a Much7 a much8 a lots9 a very
L0 a Many11 a many
b a lot of c muchb many c veryb very c lots ofb lotsof c aorbb very c muchb How many c How muchb very c very muchb alotof c aorbb much c alotb How much c How manyb much c how many
67
g some, o tittte, o few tittle, few
I've lost some weightrecently.
I'd like a little milk inmy tea.
There were few peoplein the restaurant.
Per indicare quantiti indeterminate di cose e persone possiamo usare:
. some = u/t Po', qualche, alcuni/e con i sostantivi numerabili e nonnumerabili.I've lost some weight recently.Ho perso un po' di peso (= sono dimagito) recentemente.I've seen some good films at the London Film Festival this year.Ho visto dei bei film al London Film Festival quest'anno.
o a little = u/t Po'con i sostantivi non numerabiliI'd like a little milk in my tea.Vonei un po' di latte nel mio td.
. a few = qualche, alcuni/e con i sostantivi numerabili pluraliI've got a few things to do before leaving.Ho alcune cose da fare prima di partire.
o little = poco/a con i sostantivi non numerabiliShe eats little bread. = She doesn't eat much bread. Qtii ftequente)Mangia poco pane.
. few = pochi/e con i sostantivi numerabiliHe has few friends. = He doesn't have many friends. Qtii ftequente)Hapochi amici.
Osserva la diffrenza tra a little e little, few e a few.
I drink a little milk.Bevo un po' di lqtte.
I drink little milk. (= I don't drink much milk.)Bevo poco latte.
There were a few people in the restaurant.C'erano alcune persone nel rtsfurante.
There were few people in the restaurant. (= There weren't many peoplein the restaurant.)C'erano poche persone nel ristorante.
Little efevtthanno un significatonegativo. Significano'nonmolto/non molti.' Spesso sonopreceduti davery.
There were very few people in therestaurant.C'uano pochissime persone nelristorante.
Pit comuni sono le espressioni nof
68
muchenotmany. Si pud anche direnot a lot of.You don't neeil much milk for thecake.There weren't a lot of people in therestaurant.
a lot/lots/plenty ofRicorda che con queste espressioni ilverbo dipende dal sostantivo.There is lots of noise in the street.
C'd un sacco di rumore in strada.There's plenty of time.C'b un sacco di tempo.
There were a lot of people in thepub.C'erano un sacco di persone nel pub.There are plenty of bottles in thefridge.Ci sono un sacco di bottiglie in figo.
He has few friends.
.i SOME, A LITTLE, A FEW, L|TTLE, FEW: UNITA 27
!la figura e completa le frasi. Che cosa c'E nel frigo di Giulia? Usa a lot of, a fsnt, a littlc.
leta queste frasi con some, a ffu, few, a little, a lot of, plenA of (a volte piri di unaC possibile.)
'\l/as the theatre full?"No, there were very ......f.fl........ people in the audience.'
What .. traffic! We'll never get to the station on time.
Canyou sp:ue me .. time?
Ite invited .. friends to my place tonight.
Why don't you stay with us tonight? We've got ........... room in our flat.
My great-aunt only left me .. money when she died.
..I am a student, so I have to buy .. books.
There's no need to hurry. We've got.................... time!
o afeur,little o alittle ? Riempi gli spazi con l'espressione corretta.
Only ......4fu....... can speak English well in my class.
He's only got ........... time to spend with his children.
'Did you manage to save any money last year?' 'Very ......... I'm afraid.'
Unfortunately, only .. citizens signed the petition.
'With .. help from my friends' is the title of a famous song.
He's a very mysterious man, he's a man of .. words.
The students had very .......... time to study for the exam.
I onlywant.................... dessert. I'm on a diet.
69
NE Uke @iacere)
a m+m*ffidiversamentedall'italiano"piacere",iningleseilsoggettodilcomplementodi termine italiano, mentre il complemento oggetto d il soggetto italiano.
5.4 Costnrzioni porticolori dei verbi lika wontwould like
I like veal but I don't like lamb.Emma likes pop concerts.
Mi piace il vitello, ma non mi piace l'agnello.A Emma piacciono i concerti di musica pop.
o m + m * m [+z.r ], indica un'attivitir che generalmente si ama svolgere.
She likes cooking. Le piace cucinare.(sempre, in qualunque giorno o situazione)
.ffiffi+ffi+ffi+ffiffiindicaun,attivitirchesipreferiscefareindeterminatecircostanze.
She likes to cookfor her friends on Saturdays. Le piace cucinare per i suoi amici il sabato.(non sempre, solo il sabato quando li invita)
WAfi (volere)
.ffi+ffi+ffisiusaquandoilsoggettodellaprincipaleilostessodellasecon-daria, nel senso di "volere fare qualcosa".
He wants / doesn't want to cancel the meeting. Vuole / Non vuole cancellare la riunione.Does Austin want to buy that shirt? Austin vuole comprare quella maglietta?
.ffi*ffim+ffi+ffisiusaquandoilsoggettodellaprincipaleidiversodaquello della secondaria, nel senso di "volere che qualcuno faccia qualcosa" (costruzione oggettiva).
My wrfe wants me to spend more time with her. Mia moglie vuole che io trascorra piir tempo con lei.Do you want your friends to pick you up? Vuoi che i tuoi amici ti vengano a prendere?
1{OTACHE
Se si vuole che qualcuno non faccia qualcosa, sitsa want in forma negativa + oggetto + fo + forma base
piuttosto che want in forma affermativa + oggetto + not + fo + forma base (forma arcaica e molto formale,di uso letterario).
I don't want him to talk about politics! Non voglio che (lui) parli di politica!
WOuld like (vorrei, mi piacerebbe)
Would like d ut condizionale presente e ha una forma unica per tutte le persone. Si costruisce come want,anche nella costruzione oggettiva, e si usa molto spesso per esprimere desideri e formulare inviti cortesi.La sua forma negativa b wouldn'tlikel)tl.zl.She would like to renovate her flat.They wouldn't like to decide today.Would you like to live abroad?Mum would like me to stay in today.
Vorrebbe / Le piacerebbe ristrutturare il suo appartamento.Non vorrebbero decidere oggi.Vorresti / Ti piacerebbe vivere all'estero?La mamma vorrebbe che io restassi a casa oggi.
?a
5.4 Costruzioni particolari dei verbi like, want, woutd like
Completa le frasi con like e la forma corretta di uno dei seguentiverbi.
rtelax o take part o listen o eat r drive o go r do
O. I like relaxins on a sunbed in the garden.
00. I /ike to relaxinthe garden on Sundayafternoons.
1. They
2. Luca
sweets and biscuits too much.
to music with a sophisticated audio system.
5.
6.
3. Doyou to the cinema? My favourite film is The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo.
4. I experiments in biology class, but I don't like studying the theory!
in the digital photography workshops after school.
his racing sports car at the weekend.
Sottolinea l'alternativa corretta.
0. lwant connecting /lgl.lwith you.
1. Theywouldlike/liketoinvitehertojoin 5. Myparentswantmetostay,/wantthatlstaythe cast. home more often.
2. I want to see,/seeing how he fixes the engine. 5. You want them not,/don't want them to go on
3. Does Alicia to want,/want to go to the opera ? holiday by themselves.
4. He doesn't want,/wants not her to eat 7. Do you really want,/wanting to change school?
unhealthy food. 8. I don't want / want not him to sleep so much!
Completa le frasi (on la forma corretta di like o would like.
O. I like popcorn. I eat a whole basket when l'm at the cinema.
1.4 you to come to the tropics? B No, I hot places!
2. Zoe and Sean live in the countryside. They living in a green environment.
me to concentrate on improving my listening skills.
you to come to the match? B Yes, I really volleyball!
5. They to sail around the world one day.
Maya
He
6. Nicole
7. I
3. My teacher
4.4
looking through her telescope and observing the night sky.
8. His girlfriendto visit the Egyptian Museum in Turin. They say it is very interesting.
his new haircut. She thinks it's cute.
ilicky vuole prendere la macchina di suo padre per andare a casa di un ami(0. Usando le parole tra parentesi,
(ompleta ildialogo.
NICKY Dad, ld like to take the car. I want to go to Kevin's house.
DAD Well, (0) T woold like yoo to kelp in the garden. (l / like / you)
NICKY OK.What (1) do? (you / want / me)
DAD Well, (2) prune the trees. (l / need)
NICKY Oh no, there are six trees!
DAD (3)
NrcKY (4)
DAD That's a good idea.Then (5)
NICKY Then (6)
DAD Well... (7)
all the trees. (l / not / want / you / prune)
the grass? (you / like / me / cut)
the trees. (l / like / you / prune)
your car. ls that OK? (l / like / take)
these roses? (you / like)
them. (l / like) The car?NICKY Oh Dad, yes of course (8)
DAD Oh, sorry son. The battery's flat. l'm waiting for a mechanic!
7g
,re--',a.tr:;
+o-trf
7.1 Lo formo in -ing
ri r"rui t"rrnin"iiiln -eiuta
I preceduta da consonante
t La forma in -lng si ottiene aggiungendo -ingalla forma base del verbo. Tale forma d invariabile.
o La forma negativa si ottiene premettendo nof.
go > (not) going meet > (not) meeting fall > (not) falling
o In alcuni casi awengono delle variazioni ortografiche. Osserva la tabella.
iverbi terminanti in -y,-w,-x non variano play > playing,study> studyingblow > blowing, grow > growingtext > texting, fix > fixing
perdono la -e take > taking, make > makingMA: be > being
i i verbi bisillabiciterminantiI
| <on una consonante preceduta
I d" una sola vocale e accentatisull'ultima sillaba
t-
i verbi terminanti in -,preceduta da una sola vocale
I iverbi terminanti in -c
iverbi lie, die,tie
Reading thrillers is my favourite hobby.No smoking in this area.
Andrew goes skating every day.Let's go fishing next weekend!
Leggere gialli d il mio hobby preferito.Non si puo fumare / Vietato fumare in quest'area.
Mi piace scegliere i regali di Natale.Tempo scaduto! Smettete di scrivere ora, per favore!Non mi dir fastidio fare Ie faccende domestiche.
Andrew va a pattinare tutti i giorni.Andiamo a pescare il prossimo weekend!
I raddoppiano la
i consonante finaleprefer > preferring, begjn > beginningMA: wonder, fpppen, !s'1en (accentati
sulla prima sillaba) > wondering,happening, listening
raddoppiano la -I travel > travelling, quarrel > quarrellingMA: reveal (due vocali) > revealingECCEZIONI: fuel > fuelling, dial > diolling
aggiungono -k panic> panicking,mimic> mimicking i
-L :
cambiano -iein -y lie> lying,die> dying,tie> tying i
I
La forma in -ing si usa nei seguenti casi:
- per sostantivare un verbo (diversamente dalf italiano, in cui si trova all'infinito), spesso con valore disoggetto della frase; tale uso d frequente negli awisi pubblici;
- dopo alcuni verbi, tra cui like, dislike,love, hate, mind, finish, stop, suggest, enjoy, practise llZq.Z;2a.sl;I like choosing Christruas gifts.Time up! Stop writing now, please!
I don't mind doing the housework.
- dopo il verbo go, per indicare che si pratica uno sport o si ha un passatempo (fuori casa);
94
1.
2.3.4.
5.
Scrivi la forma in -rng dei seguentiverbi.
0. stop stoppins
7.I L, forma in -lng
16. draw17. cancel
18.
19.
20.
'o'.,,1f{. C'C.}. y
write 6.7.
forgetknit
11.12.13.14.15.
runsingdie
dreamwash
prefer8. make9. happen
10. shopcutbecome
her Latin homework on her own.
diggive
winget
(ompleta il cruciverba usando la forma in -rng deiverbi rappresentati nei disegni.
'\r
(ompleta le frasi usando la forma in -ing dei seguenti verbi.
dance o ta*e o study o park o do o wear. run . look o play
0. Claire loves takins photographs in the early morning.
ldont mind after your dogs when you are on holiday.
When NickfinishesTammy doesn't like
, he always goes outside for some fresh air.
No, you can't stop the car here. The sign says "No
Let's go on Saturday afternoon!There's an athletics track in Brighton.
the black skirt or the trousers?Do you suggest
a musical instrument is an excellent hobby for children to have.
Lisa goes twice a week. She loves Latin American music in particular.
Traduci le seguenti frasi.
1. lnvito spesso i miei amici a cena e cucino per loro. Cucinare d un'attivitir molto rilassa nte (relaxing).
2. David odia svegliarsi presto la mattina. 3. William suggerisce di prenotare in anticipo (book in advance)per le nostre vacanze a lbiza perchd molti turisti (lots of tourisfs) ci vanno. 4. Stare in piedi per molte ore dun problema per la mia schiena (back). 5. A Vanessa non dir fastidio stirare (iron). 6. Non andiamo mai a
pattinare perch6 la pista di pattinaggio (ice rink) d molto lontana dal nostro paese. 7. Quando finisci di fare i
tuoi compiti, chiamami! 8. A Andiamo a sciare questo weekend! B Bella idea!Amo sciare!
4.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
98
IBASICS
JL ll Prese nt Continuous
rwr Il Present Continuous si forma con il presente di to be + forman -ing del verbo.
) Le forme contratte e le risposte brevi corrispondono a quelle delverbo to be:
She isn't/She's not working. o Is Bob working? - Yes, he is./No, he isn't.
Variazioni ortografiche nell'aggiunta del suffisso -fug
. I verbi terminanti in -de trasformano la -re in y lie.-r lying die -r dying
. Iverbiin -dcaggiungono una k picnic -r picnicking
Uso del Present Continuous
mr Il Present Continuous b usato per parlare di azioni o situazioni che sono in corso disvolgimento nel momento o nel periodo attuale (now, at the moment, today, in this period...).
Nick is in the sitting room. He's watching TV.
Nick i in salotto. Gunrda/Sta guardando Ia teleoisione,
I'm having a great time in this period. Mi sto diuertcndo moltissimo in questo periodo.
Present Simple o Continuous?
*Esr In inglese i,Presant Sitnple d usato per parlare di azioni abituali (usually, always, eaery
day...) o situazioni permanenti.
* Fanno eccezione alcuni verbi fra cui: dye a dyeing (= ingere), age + ageing (= invecchiare). Ha due
possibili forme queue ) queu(e)ing (= fare Ia coda).
*,t In inglese americano la -l non si raddoppia se l'accento non cade sull'ultima sillaba, percid si hovatraael + traztelins.
I amnot 1He/She/lt is not I working
We/You/They are not .l
I amlHe/She/lt is I working
We/You/ They are l
Aren't I 1Isn't he/she/it I working?
Aren't welyou/they l
AmIlIs he/she/it I working?
Are welvou/thev -l
. Raddoppiano la consonante finale quando E preceduta da una sola vocale:
, La -e muta finale cade *o La-A finale E sempre mantenuta
- i monosillabi
- i bisillabi con accento sull'ultima sillaba
- i verbi terminanti h -, rF'!
write -r writing, have.+ having
study -r studying, carry -) carrying
swim -r swimming, sit + siftingbegin -r beginningtravel -r travelling, rebel -r rebelling
48
BASICS.
::..r pratica. Per parlare di cib che sta accadendo ora (o nel periodo presente considerato)
- :. e Llsare 11 Pre sent Corttitruous.In pratica in inglese si deve usare 1a forma progressiva-- -= .: r'olte che questa forma sarebbe possibile anche in italiano.
- -::.rntate gli esempi:
:.at do you do?
- ;; iLti (di solito)?/Che lnt'oro fni?
,- :.-:ma progressiva d usata solo con verbi che esprimono un'azione. Non si usa percid- . erbi che esprimono volonid (to want = volere...; to need = aver bisogno...), stati
-: --::nente (to knou = sapere, conoscerei to like = piacere...) o percezione involontaria-,- -ic'r = r'edere; to hear = udire...).
- : - r'erbi di percezione involontaria si usa spesso can: Can ylu see thenr? (= Li vedi? Riesci
- .;erli?); I can't hear you. (= Non ti sento. Non riesco a sentirti.)
Completate la descrizione usando i verbi dati. ln alcuni casi dovete usare la forma negativa.
jo o eat. feed . jog. lie . listen o play o sit. skateboard . sunbathe
to leed = dar da mang are
to lie = essere d steso/sdraiato
to sunbathe = prendere I sole
:s Sunday. There are lots of people in the park today. Theyr...-rngs. There's a boy on the left. He 2................................... on
Whai are you doing?Cosn fni (orn, irr questtt periodo)? = Cosa stai t'ncendo?
differeni
the guitar. There are two girls near him
the grass against a tree and he
They '......,,. ..
-^ the grass and they . They' .. to the boy
, :h the guitar because they've both got MP3s. Then there's a little boy. He's got a sandwich- his hand, but he 7......... ..... it. He the birds. There's
,voman, too. She's in shorts and a t-shirt and she . There's a hill
=rrnd the trees where you can see two boys. They
Ts)rt!f,.e,(D
49
H.BASrcsFormate domande e risposte con gli elementi dati come negli esempi.
e.B. o What / Jim do? He / have a shower? - No / get dressed
. What's Jim doing? ls he having a shower? - No, he isn't. He's getting dressed.
. Dad I read the newspaper? - Yes
. ls Dad reading the newspaper? - Yes, he is.
I o Those children I quarrel? - Yes
2 . The little girl / cry? - Yes
3 . Brenda / still sleep? - No / have a shower
4 . You / drink tea? - No / coffee
5 . Bob / talk on the phone? - Yes
6 . Mum / work in the garden? - No / have a chat with our neighbour
7 . What / you look for (= cerchi)? You / look for your keys? - No / my glasses
8 o What / Jason do? He / read comics? - No / surf the net
3 Comptetate le frasi con i verbi al Present Simpte o Continuous.
1 Please don't play that music so loud! I ................... (study).
2 Come on, Timl Hurry up! Molly and Rob .............. (waif) for us.
3 . Where's Alice? - She ........... (do) her homework. She ..............
(always do) it after lunch.
4 Rose (fake) photos. She.............. (/lke)taking photos.
5 . Where (you go)?
- We ............ (go) to the beach. .......... ........ (you want) Iojoin us?
6 o What (Dan do)? - He's a computer programmer, but he
(notwork) atthe moment. He............ (lookfol a new job.
7 Why (you take) an umbrella? lt ........,......... (not rain) now.
8 Ginny (usually have) cereal for breakfast, but today is Sunday and she
(have) eggs and bacon.
9 . Who (make) all this noise? - I ...................... (not know). Maybe it's our new
neighbours upstairs. Perhaps they .............. ........ (move) their furniture (= mobili) around.
10 ...... (you go) shopping? - Yes, ........... (you need) anything?
I Formate domande per ottenere le informazioni sottolineate.
1 Aunt Clara is looking for her cat.
2 l'm sharing a flat with my friend Lisa.
4 Ann is talking to her teacher.
5 Those boys are talking about football,
o)gHCJGll-o-
50
3 l'm going on holiday with my aunt and uncle. 6 This fast car belongs to that old lady.
5 Traducete le seguenti frasi.
1 . Cosa fa Mike? |
- Non so. E nella sua camera. Forse studia. Studia molto in questigiorni(= these days).
2 Comincia a nevicare. Prendi un ombrello se stai uscendo.
3 o Dove vai? - Vado in biblioteca. Preferisco studiare li.4 Cidivertiamo molto qui in Grecia. Peccato (= Pitfi che non puoivenire.
5 . Cosa cerchi? - I miei occhiali. Non riesco mai a trovarli quando ne ho bisogno.
45p S1.95 87.50 811.99 8149.99 8229.99
The price is right!2 a ln pairs. Look at these objects below.
How much do you think they cost in the UK?
Match them to the prices in exercise 1 above.
A How much is/are...?
B I think it's/they're... tr
b @@ Now tisten to the six conversations and check your answers.
3 €k Scott, Daisy, Matteo and Lucia are at the At-Bristol centre ticket office.Listen. Do they buy tickets?
ts_
Check
@EA Listen again. Choose the correct answer, a or b.
1 How much is each ticket before the discount? 4 What time aoes ifre centre close?
a 815.00. b 816.00. a At three o'e lock. b At five o'clock.
2 How much are the four tickets with the discount? 5 Who is sorfo if,rt t|,.y can't go in?
a 854.00. b 844.00. a Scott and Matteo. b Daisy and Lucia.
6 What do Scott and Matteo do?3 How can they pay for the tickets?
a ln euros. b ln sterling or by debit card. a Go for a pizza. b Go for a coffee.
g5
Think grammarCanlCould ...?
Read these requests from the dialogue andcomplete the rule.
Can we have four tickets, please? Yes, of course.
Could I see your student cards?
Can I pay in euros? No, sorry you can't.
Can you lend me some cash, Scott?
ConlCould +
PracticeO Look at the cinema poster and read thedialogue below. Then complete it usingthe phrases in the box. Add a verb wherenecessary.
Can l/we...? Could l/we...?ls there a student discount?
How much...? Whattime...?
A Hello.l two ticketsfor Zoom, please?
Of course. Which performance?
The eight-thirty.'z
That's 810.40, please.
Oh, that's quite expensive.3
Yes, there is.lt's 84.2O.4
your student cards?
Yes, here you are.
OK. That's €8.40 then.
B lt finishes at about quarter past ten.
A OK. Thanks.
b In pairs. Practise the diatogue and checkyour answers.
Say it!7 ln pairs. Look at the posters below about
things to do in Bristol. Use the informationto make dialogues. Take turns to be theticket seller and the customer.Use the dialogue in exercise 6 as a modeland make any necessary changes.
6
B
AB
AB
AB
A
i,i,,,t,il,'lf
Horfield Leisure Cent,f i"
2
SuggestionsStudy the rules.
Sholl we,Why don't we, Let's,Whot about e
How about si usano per fare proposte.
How shall we get there?
Shall we go to the cinema?
Why don't we go to At-Bristol?
Sholl welWhy don't we + forma base del verbo
Let's go for a walk.
LetS + forma base del verbo
What about going bowling?
How about getting the bus?
WhaUHow obout + forma in -ing
Read the examples and complete the rules.
Per esprimere una preferenza o per fare una
proposta alternativa si pud usare would ('d)
rother o would ('d) prefer.
l'd rather not go by bike.
l'd rather go for a walk.
l'd rather (not) + 1
l'd prefer not to go out.I'd prefer to stay at home.
l'd prefer (not) +2
3 Complete the dialogue with a suggestionand a suitable verb in the correct form.
A Whatlthis evening?
B Why 2.
A No, I don't like volleyball. How about3
B Football!Again?! l'd rather4
A Good idea! What film shall we see?
B Let's 5
It's Saturday morning. Tessa, Joss and Sophieare deciding what to do. Write their dialogue.
Tessa Chiede ogli oltri che coso fore oggi.
Sophie Dice che d uno buono ideo.
5
Tessa Propone di ondore ol nuovo negozio
'Look 45'.
6
Joss Dice che preferisce non ondore o fore
sh o ppi ng. (Usa rath e r.l7
Joss Propone di ondore albowling.I
Tessa/ Rispondono no grazie. A loro non pioce
Sophie ilbowling!9
Free-time activities with go5 Read the examples and complete the rules.
Let's go shopping!
go + verbo in -ing
Why don't we go to the park?
l'd rather go to Pete's house.
go to (the/o) + 1
Shall we go for a pizza?
go for (a/an) +2
Spesso si usa il verbo go per indicare un'attiviti.Corrisponde all'italiano'andare a...'Ma a differenza dell'italiano, in inglesego pud
essere seguito dal verbo alla forma in -ing oppureda una preposizione + sostantivo.
Write suggestions for each place or activity.Use Let's, Shall, What about and How obout.
6
4
1 cinema Letb ao to t/te cinema.
ice skate
Lynne's house
coffee
shops
lunch
swimming pool
run
How much,..?7 Read the examples and study the rule.
How much is the camera?
How much are the CDs?
Si usa How much + islare...7 per chiedere ilprezzo diqualcosa.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
t Wltat slta// we do todav?
Joss Propone di ondore o fore un giro in bici.
2
Sophie Dice che non pud. Non ha la bici.
3
Tessa Propone di ondore o fore shopping. (Usa
Let3.)
4
8 write questions and answers about the costof objects 1-4.
m
159.99
ConlCould,..?Read the examples and study the rules.
Can I see your lD?
Could I pay in euros?
Could you call me?
Can e could si possono usare per fare richieste.
Sono verbi modali e sono seguiti dalla forma base
del verbo (senza to).
A differenza dell'italiano, non si usa I wont... per
fare una richiesta in inglese. Puo sembrare scortese.
Use these expressions to make requests.
1 use your dictionary (can)
3 open the window (could/you)
4 get a new laptop, Mum (can)
5 change these euros for me (could/you)
grammarin context trln groups of three. You are planning to goon a camping trip with two friends. You havea maximum of 8250 to spend. Decide whichare the most important things to buy foryour trip. Use al! the language of the unit.Here are some pictures to help you.
Example: What shall we buy for our camping trip?
11
12
I
1 How muc/t are the suny/assesTTltey re f5?.7?.
would likeStudy the table and the rule.
10
Affirrnative
Negative, No,l/you/he/she/it/we/theywouldn't.
A differenza dell'italiano, would like (volere) non
viene coniugato perch6 would d un verbo modale.(Vedicon p.60).
O Match the examples (1-4) to the functions(a-d).
1 _ We'd like two tickets, please.
2 _ ld like to pay by cash.
3 _ Would you like a drink?
4 _ What would you like to do?
a esprimere preferenze
b invitare a fare qualcosa
c fare una richiesta cortese
d offrire qualcosa
b trtow complete the rule.
would like + sostantivo / forma base del verbo
r100,00) {3oo i
sleeping bag camera
: ti'l
walking boots
H@Hswimming camping stovecostume
pay by credit card (can)
l/You/He/5he/lt/We/They would ('d) like
l/You/He/5he/lt/We/They wouldn't (not) like
Would l/you/he/she/it/we/they like...?
con
tent
@Home(r)I Completa queste parole. Ogni trattino corrisponde a una lettera.
bathroom
AC
wr
tr
u_ s_
m
wEt-l
EE
ITo
ITtr
vHOME (1): UNITA 121
Ricorda che'mobili' si traduce con frtmiture,che d non numerabile. > vedl unfti 11.
I need to change the furniture in my bedroom- this is too old.Ho bisogno di cambiare i mobili nella mia camerada letto - questi sono troppo vecchi.
ti
2 Abbina una parola ad ogni descrizione.
kitchen bed+eem living-room bathroom study
1 You usually sleep in this room.
2 You sit at your desk in this room.
3 You sit on the sofa and watch television in this room.
4 You cook meals in this room.
5 You take a shower in this room.
3 Completa ognuna di queste frasi con una parola nel riquadro.
armchair bathroom €ei+ing desk floor furniture upstairs window
1 If I stand on a chair, I can touch the ............ ...f.i!!!l&.....
2 Our house has two floors, and my bedroom is ..............
3 Peter does his homework at his .... in his bedroom.
4 I can't move in your room!There is too much
5 From my ............ I can see the park at the end of the street.
6 Kate dropped a glass on the .... and it broke.
7 Jack is in the .... . He's taking a shower.
8 When I read, I like sitting in a comfortable ...............
td
303
@ Home(2)Scrivi i nomi mancanti di questi oggetti.1
E
t/ll
radiator
HoME (2): UNITA 122
sink
T
blender
Segna con y' le cose che normalmente si trovano in ciascuna stanza.
1 kitchena cookery'
2 bedrooma blanket
3 living-rooma washing machine
4 bathrooma mirror
b sofa
b dustbin
b armchair
b television
c bath
c wardrobe
c carpet
c bookshelf
hoover/vacuum cleaner
d fridge r/
d pillow
d table
d shower
Scegli l'opzione corretta tra quelle elencate.
1 To stop the light coming in the window we need some .....(.a curtains b radiators c shelves
2 lt's very cold. Why don't you turn on the ....... ?
a central heating b cooker
3 In the evening I like to relax in .............a a chair b a seat
4 Laura sat at her ....... and turned on her computer.a study b desk c office
5 My school books are in the ........... in the living-room.a library b bookcase c bookshelf
6 There was a lovely fire burning in thea chimney b central heating c fireplace
7 You can wash your hands in the ....... in the bathroom.a basin b shower c tap
8 The biscuits are in the ........... in the kitchen.
C Stove
c an armchair
a table b shelf c cupboard
305
$$ Personality and feelingsPer chiedere'Com'd una persona?'si usaWhat's he/she like? (> vedl unltir le). 'Come tisenti?' is How are you feeling?
Ricorda che ci sono tanti sinonimi di sad:
miserabledepressedunhappylowdown in the mouth.
'F^/'r tll,-,,-
He's sad.
Oltre a scared puoi usare:
ftightenedpetriftedterriftedpanicky
Oltre a happy puoi usare:
pleasedgladin high spiritscheerftilon cloud ninein seventh heaven (al settimo cielo)-
She's scared.
Aggettivi dal significato simile a angry soffr
madin abadmoodirritatedfuriousfiiminginfttriated
He's happy.
rL.'
B
\
He's angry.
310
PERSONALITY AND FEELINCS: UNITA 125
lnserisci questi aggettivi nella colonna esatta in modo da formare coppie di opposti.
mean narrow-minded confident stupidoutgoing easy-going lazy
Con quale di questi prefissi si formano i derivati di questi aggettivi? Controlla le tuerisposte nel dizionario.
Trova l'aggettivo corrispondente a queste definizioni nell'esercizio I e 2.
1 He tends to be quite reserved. He doesn't like speaking to other people. ........:!!y.....
2 He never says'Hello','Goodbye' or'Thanks'. .............
3 He never buys drinks for his friends.
4 He can understand other people's feelings
5 He's always willing to listen to other people's opinions.
Completa con un aggettivo o un'espressione dal significato simile a quello tra parentesi.La prima lettera E data.
1 I feel really m .l_I g l_ qb_ l_ e .l've broken up with my boyfriend and I've lost my job. (sad)
2 When I told my father about the car crash he was f __ . (angry)
3 I was in seventh h_____when I learnt aboutthat job offer. (happy)
4 When the two men threatened her with a gun she was absolutely t _ (scared)
I optimistic pessimistic
2 clever
3 generous
4 tense
5 broad-minded6 shy7 hard-working8 lnsecure
un dls in im1 friendly t/2 polite3 sensitive
4 loyal5 honest6 happy7 kind
3t1
Food
1 Riconosci questi cibi? Scrivi i[ nome di ciascuno e usa a/an con quelli numerabili e somecon quelli non numerabili. (> veal unltir 24 e 25)
a chicken
GE ff#He's baking a cake.
8
1110
He's boiling potatoes.
,12
He's grilling meat. He's peeling potatoes. He's grating cheese.
FOOD: UNITA 126
2 Segna corry' le corrette combinazioni tra le parole della colonna verticale con una diquelle nella colonna orizzorttale, come nell'esempio. Sono possibili piti combinazioni.(> veal unltir 24 e 25)
milk soaP chocolate cake bread orange iuiceL acupof r' v)2 a bottle of
3 abarof
4 a slice of
5 a loaf of
6 a carton of
7 a glass of
Completa ognuna di queste frasi con una parola nel riquadro.
breaKast dinner food meal sne€k course
1 When I get hungry and feel like a.....!!1.49J5......., I eat an apple.
2 A good .. is the best way of starting the day.
3 Peter has to take medicine an hour before every
4 .. is served every evening in the hotel dining-room.
5 Michael really loves Greek
6 After the starter we ordered our main
I Sceglilaparolacorretta.t @tCook some water, and pour it into the cup.2 We usually bake/fry the fish in oil.3 At the end of the meal we paid the menu/bill.4 I always buy fresh food because I don't llke iced/ftozenf.ood.5 Could we have some more bread/loafplease?6 The cook/cooker put the meat in the oven.
Abbina ognuna delle parole nel riquadro con una descrizione.
fork knife napkin plate sp€€n
1 You can eat soup with this.
2 You put food on this and eat from it.
3 You can cut meat with this.
4 During meals, you can clean your handswith this or put it on your lap.
5 You can carry food to your mouth with this.
,P.g.q!!.
313
f;II
I aggettivo / sostantivo suffisso i > verbi con il significato di"diventare" (acquisire la qualiti o la
suleet (dolce)
th19o1 !minaccia)clear (chiaro)
dignity (digniti)
aggettivo / sostantivo
legal(legale)apology (scusa, difesg)
: -eO
:
-ifv
.c_91d!zio,19i1qic_at9_Q,$,s-e-:!!iy99dgl:9st3n!!,-9,1sweeten (addolcire)
. th reaten (minacciare)
clarify (chiarie)
I eg a I ise (legalizzare)
apologise (chiedere scusa)
d i g n ify (rendere degno)
+ suffisso I > verbi che indicano il mettere in atto I realizzare quantoI espresso dall'aggettivo o dal sostantivo (spesso aggettivo /I sostantivo di origine greca o latina)
-tse(o -ize)
NOTAOIE
Nel Brifish English si possono avere entrambe i suffissi -ize I -ise, ma la forma con il suffisso -ise d piir fre-quente; in American English si usa solo la forma con il suffisso -ize.
apologise / apologize (British English) apologize (American English)
> avverbi generalmente di modo
ca refu I ly (attentamente)mai nly !prlncipalmente)> avverbi che indicano direzione
b ackwa rd s (all'i nd ietro)homewards {verso casa)
> gvv_e-rb!,ch9-sig{!c3no,"come, 1et 1gnry di, ne!!o s!9si,o 1oa9 aillikewise (similmente)
clockwise (in senso orario)
aggettivo
' careful (attento)
moln (principale)
, preposizione / sostantivo l
back (dietro)
homg (capa)
, prjpos'Iio_le | 1o{an!!vo I
' /ike (come)
c/ock (orologio)
+ suffisso
-ly[+a.ol.-..-|+ suffisso
,
-wards
[+a.o]i rrrntio
,
-wise
@ Aggiungi i suffissi -en, -ify,-ise ai seguenti aggettivi e sostantivi per formare un verbo, poi traducilo.
0. black blacken I a-nnerire 00. summary So/1\t'v\AflSe rtassorv\ere
r0. tight
I l. humid
13. military
14. quality
15. short
16. trauma
490
26.4 I suffissi per formare verbi e avverbi
Aggiungi isuffissi -ly,-words,-wiseai seguentiaggettivi, sostantivie preposizioniperformare un avverbio,
poi traducilo.
0. slow slowly lentarmente 00. for forwards u avanti
1. anxious 5. out
2. north 6. furtive
3. length 7. width
4. elegant 8. crab
(ompleta la tabella.
verbo sostantivo aggeftivo avverbio
0. care cafe, carer, carefo I ness caring, carefo l, carel ess carefolly
1. create creativity, creative
2. vary , variant,
, variance, varying variously
3. explode , explosiveness
4. improve , improvability
5. remove , removability,remover
6.
electrificationelectrically
Completa il brano, tratto da una storia difantascienza, inserendo in ognispazio una parola formata a partire da
quella data a fianco. Non puoi utilizzare la parola cosi come ti viene assegnata, ma devi modificarla.
When our world was half its present age, (0) sormetklns swept through the Solar System, left SOME
thistoken1ofits(1)-,andwentagainuponitsway.Untilwedestroyedit,thatmachinePASSwas still fuffilling the purpose of its (2) _; and as to that purpose, here is my guess. BUILD
About hundred thousand million stars turn in the circle of the (3)_Way, and long MILK
ago other races from other suns must have scaled2 the (4) _ that we have reached. HIGH
Thinkofsuch(5)-,farbackintimeagainstthefading3afterglowaofthecreation,clVlLmasters of a Universe so young that life as yet had come only to a (6) of worlds. HAND
Theirswouldhavebeena(7)-wecannotimagine,the|one|inessofgodslookingLoNELYoutacroSs(8)-andfindingnonetosharetheirthoughts.TheymusthavesearchedlNFlNlTEthestarclusters5aswehavesearchedtheplanets.(9)-therewouldbeworlds,butWHEREtheywouldbeemptyorpeopledwithcrawling,(10)-things'MlNDSuchwasourEarth,whenthatfirstshipofthepeopleofthedawncame(1r)-inSLlDEfromtheabyssbeyondPluto.ltpassedthefrozen(12)-worlds,knowingthatlifeoUTcould play no part in their destinies. lt came to rest among the (13) planets, lN
(14) _ themselves around the fire of the Sun and waiting for their stories to begin. WARM
Those (15) must have looked on Earth, circling safely in the narrow zone between WANDER
fire and ice, and must have guessed that it was the (16) of the Sun's children. FAVOUR
(Abridged from: A.C. Clarke, The Sentinel, Panther Books, 1 983)
Glossary ltoken = traccia;2scole = scalare; 3fode = svanire;aafterglow = ultimi bagliori del sole; scluster = ammasso
49r
[t Verbo modale con
lIYo u/He/She/lUWeff h ey
l/You/He/5he/lt/Weffhey cannot(can't) dance.
l/yo u/he/she/iUwe/th ey
Affermalive
Yes, l/you/he/she/iVwe/they can.
Negative
No, l/you/he/she/iUwe/they can't.
Con d un verbo modale. E invariabile per tutte le
persone e non aggiunge -s alla terza persona
singolare.She can ski. Lei so sciore.
NON She+eflsd</.
Con d sempre seguito dalla forma base del verbo.They can sing. Sonno contore.
NON fhey ean te sing,
Con non usa doldon't o does/doesn't alle formeinterrogative e negative.Can you cook? Soi cucinore?NON eeyeu.ee+eee*:
I can't speak French. Non so porlore ilfroncese.NoN@Alla forma negativa si usa di solito la forma contrattacon't e non connot (che si usa soltanto nei contestipii formali e scritti).
Con si usa per parlare di abilitd o capacitd.Corrisponde a sopere, essere copoce/in grodo di,
potere e riuscire o in italiano.
Joe can swim. )oe sa nuotare.
He can't drive. Non d in grodo di guidore.
I can't open this box.Non riesco od aprire questo scotolo.
Can you see me? Riesci o vedermi?
Si puo anche usare be oble to + la forma base del
verbo per parlare di abilitd o capacitd. La formanegativa d be unoble to.He's able to run ten kilometres.Lui i in grodo di correre dieci chilometri.
Al Present simple con d pii usato, ma si usa be ableto al futuro o al Present perfect dove non esiste una
forma equivalente di con.
I will be able to meet you next weekend.Potrd incontrorti il prossimo fine settimona.
I haven't been able to get tickets.Non ho potuto prendere i biglietti.
@ (not) very, quite, very, really +well; s bit
Spesso si usano questi rafforzativi prima
dell'avverbio wellper precisare il livello di abilitd.
Queste espressioni avverbiali vengono sempre poste
alla fine della frase.
> not very well non molto bene
Alison can't sing very well.Alison non so cantore molto bene.
> quite well obbostonzo bene
We can draw quite well.Soppiomo disegnore obbostonzo bene.
> very well molto bene
Adam can play tennis very well.Adom so giocore o tennis molto bene.
> really well veramente bene
Meg can cook really well.Meg so cucinore veromente bene.
3 Per dire un po' si usa a bit.I can speak ltalian a bit.So porlare un po' d'italiono.
Gl Aggettivo + ot + sostantivoo verbo
1 Si usano i seguenti aggettivi per indicare quanto dbrava una persona a fare qualcosa. Vengono seguiti
da un sostantivo o da un verbo alla forma in -ing.
r brilliant / great / fantasticbrovissimo / veromente portoto / molto copoceJane's brilliant at playing the piano.Jane d brovissimo o suonore il pionoforte.
> (quite/verylreallylpretty) good (obbostonzo/
m o lto /v e ro m e nte / di sc reto m e nte) b rovo
l'm quite good at skiing.Sono abbostanzo brovo o sciore.
> not very good non molto brovo / scorso
Sam isn't very good at Biology.Som non d molto brovo in biologio.
> hopeless / useless / rubbish negdto / pessimo
They're useless at football.Sono negoti per il colcio.
El be l*e1 Si usa be like per parlare della personalitd di qualcuno.
What's Dylan like? He's very friendly.Com'd Dylon? E molto simpotico.
ffi Non si usa How is he/she? (Com'd?l per informarsi
sulla personaliti di una persona. 5i usa invece per
chiedere della salute di una persona.
How's Richard? Come sta Richard?
I rna
g4
Think grammarSuggestionsComplete these sentences from thedialogue and answer the question.
Making suggestions1 What would you
2 Let's
3 What about
4 Why don't we
5 How shall we
6 How about
Which two expressions are followed by the -ing
form of the verb?
Accepting suggestionsOK. / Alright. (That's a) good/great idea!
That sounds like fun.
Rejecting suggestionsNo, thanks. I Sorry, I can't.
Making an alternative suggestionl'd rather go/l'd prefer to go for a walk.
Practice5 O Use these words to write the dialogue.
How about / go / to the museum tomorrow?How about..
/ thanks. l'd / do some sport.
A OK. Why / we play tennis?
B That / sound / funl What time / we meet?
A Let / meet at three o'clock.
Free-time activities with goA Find one example of each of theseexpressions in the dialogue and write themin the table.
b ttow write these expressions in thecorrect column above. Add o, qn or thewhere necessary.
pizza cinema footballmatch swimmingshopping drink (ci$)centre bike ride
fishing takeaway park ice cream
C How do you say these expressions inItalian?
d Use the expressions with go above towrite two short dialogues similar to the onein exercise 5.ln pairs. Now practise your dialogues.
Say it!ln groups of three. Decide where to go andwhat to do this afternoon. Choose from theactivities in the posters above. Agree on aplace and time to meet.Begin like this:
What shall we do this afternoon?
b ln pairs. Practise the dialogue.
HolidaysWhere do you go for your holiday?
<t
We go trekking in the mountains.
Where do you stay?
a(
ti
We go sightseeing in Europe.
We go carnping and sleep in a tent.
We stay in a hotel.
334
We rent an apartment.
I Quale di questi sostantivi si usa con i gruppi di parole qui sotto?
holiday tourism trip h€t€t
1 five-star, luxurious, air-conditioned, bed and breakfast .......!.,plp.!
2 package, family, camping, adventure
3 mass, international, expanding, eco-friendly
4 round-the-world, school, boat, coach
2 In ognuno di questi gruppi di parole c'd un intruso. Trovalo.
L tent, campsite,Grash helmObackpack, camper
2 umbrella, jumper, suntan lotion, towel, bikini3 oxygen tank, ball, mask, flippers, wet suit4 skis, sticks, goggles, boots, trunks
3 Collega ciascun verbo ad una parola o un'espressione.
a some photographsb some postcardsc a tripd acare in a hotelf some sightseeing
1 send2 hire3do4 take5 goon6 stay
4 Completa con una parola.
Gemma I'd like to (1) ......q..... a holiday in Italy.Travel agent Sure. Would you like a package holiday?Gemma No, thanks. I'm just looking for a room in a nice hotel (2) the sea.
Travel agent (3) ............... in Italy?Gemma I was thinking of Liguria.Travel agent Right. I have this really nice three- (4) ............... hotel in Camogli, a wonderful
seaside (5) ............... . You could fly to Genoa and take a train.
Gemma I'd rather (6) ............... a car to travel around. I'm planning to do a lot of
(7) ............... How much would that be for a week inJuly?Travel agent Let me see. That would be approximately f,600.Gemma Great! I'll book it, then.
L abuy btake cbook dget2 ain bby cat don3 aWhere bWhereabouts cWhy daob4 astar bstars cstarred dstarring5 abeach bplace ccity dresort6 abuy bhire clet ddo7 atravels bsightseeing csights dvisits
*"::I*J Speakingtn pairs. Ask and answer the questions.Use the expressions in the box to help you.
I think they... They probably...Perhaps they... They can...
1 How do you think rich and famous people spend
their days?
2 What do they do with their money?
3 How can celebrities use their money and fame
to help others?
ReadingRead the article and answer these questions.
1 ls Angelina Jolie a typical Hollywood star?
2 Who does she help?
21 ln pairs. Describe the photos.
Shet tall andbeautifulwithlong,dark brownhair and blue eyes.
s She's an Oscar-
winning American filmactress - most famous as
Lara Croft. So,what's she like?
ls she a typical Hollywood star?
to ls her life all fantastic film offers,
luxurious holidays, movie premieres,
parties and gossip?
Wrong! Because Angelina Jolie
has got a second Jobi She is also ats dedicated goodwill ambassador'for
the United Nations Refugee Agency(UNHCR). She uses her profile topublicise the problem of refugees:
she meets government officials andzo business leaders, and promotes
education about refugees in schools.
More importantly, Angelina Jolie
also regularly travels to countries likeCambodia, Namibia,Tanzania, Sierra
zs Leone and Pakistan so that she can
see conditions for herself and meetthe refugees in person, particularly
women and children. She donatesa significant part of the money she
l0 earns from acting to this cause andcovers her own expenses when she
travels.
She says,'We cannot close ourselves
off to information and ignore the35 fact that millions of people are out
there suffering.l honestly want tohelp... I think we all want justice andequality...'
are in fact over 20 millionrefugees and displaced people in
the world. Ruud Lubbers, UN HighCommissioner for Refugees says
about Jolie,'She has helped makethe tragedy of refugees real to
4s everyone who will listen.'
Angelina Jolie is not the only star
who uses their profile to helpothers. Bono,the lead singer of U2
campaigns for the reduction of Thso World debt,Chris Martin,the lead
inger of Coldplay promotes Fair
Trade* and actress Nicole Kidmanthe ambassador for UNICEF Austri
3
* FairTrade = commercio equo e solidale
Vocabulary4 Read the Study tip. Then find these words
in the article and try to guess their meaningfrom the context.
1 refugee (1.16)
2 donates (1.28)
3 earns (1.30)
4 expenses (1.31)
5 equality (1.38)
6 campaigns (1.49)
Listening
@ Listen to two British teenagers, Annaand Ben, talking about the voluntary workthey do. Write A (Anna) or B (Ben) in theboxes for questions 1-5.
What voluntary work do they do?
Works in a charity shop.
Works as a DJ on a hospital radio station.
Helps disabled people go horse riding.
How often do they do it?
Every day.
Once a week.
Three times a week.
Who do they go with?
Alone.
Witfr a friend and other volunteers.- With two other people.
Why do they do it?
Thinks rt's a fantastic experience.
Enjoys working with other people.
Likes doing something positive for people.
5 What's the best part?
Getting thank-you letters and cards,especially from the little kids.
Making a lot of money for charity.
Cleaning the equipment and putting it away.
Writing fP--tr"ri;la @ Listen again. Make notes for Benabout the following things:
> his show
> how long he works each day
> what he does on his show for the patients
b write a short text (75 words) describingBen's voluntary work as a radio DJ at the!oca! hospital. Use your notes and theinformation in exercise 6.
6
5
2
3
4
5
t strdv tioU cr"ttinghords from context
Per dedurre il significato di vocaboli sconosciutiin un testo, considera questi fattori:
1 ll contesto - di che cosa tratta la frase / ilparagrafo / il testo?
2 La grammatica - che parte del discorso d laparola sconosciuta? Un verbo, un aggettivo,un sostantivo, ecc?
3 ll contesto immediato - le frasi prima e dopopossono offrire indizi riguardo il significato?
Guarda questo esempio tratto dall'articolo:goodwill ombossodor (1. 1 5).
1 Viene descritto il secondo 'lavoro' di Angelinaiolie alle Nazioni Unite (contesto delladiplomazia).
2 Si tratta di un nome composto da good(buono) e da will(volere, volontd) seguito da
ombossodor.
3 La frase che segue spiega il ruolo di quel
lavoro: aiutare le persone. Si puo dunquededurre che ilvocabolo sconosciuto significa'ambasciatore di buona volontd'.
CheckO Answer the questions.
1 How does Angelina Jolie use her public profileto help refugees?
Why does she travel to lots of countries?
What does she do with the money she earns?
Who pays when she travels for the UN?
How many refugees and displaced people are
there in the world?
6 ls Angelina Jolie the only star who uses herfame in this way?
b ln pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
1 Do you know any other famous people who use
their fame to help others? What do they do?
2 What can 'ordinary' people do to help others?Ben works as a D/ on the /oca/hospita/radiostaton three times a week.
{-a-cf
ffil ,.. ln
$"':++
I l.l ll simple pos'tdl beo Il simple past:
- esprime azioni concluse in un periodo di tempo completamente trascorso;- d spesso accompagnato da espressioni di tempo come yesterday, last week / month / year, two years
ago ecc.
Osserva la tabella con Ie forme del simple pa.sf del verbo be.
,louyel_e t!-guwelgnot )lguwelgl't.w-?reyo,ui'r hewos , hewasnot hewasn't Woshe?
, Weren't yoy?'
Wasn't he?
i itwosi ---- * : ylyas not _ _ l!y!:n't _ ,fvas itl ,Wasn;'t i!?
i we were not we weren't : Were we? : Weren't we?y W€ WQf€!-*----
I you were i you were not you weren't ', Were you? '1 Weren't you?
ytheywere theywerenot theyweren't lWerethey? Weren'tthey?
-T-
i Short answer affermativa (mai contratta) t, Short onswer negativa (sempre contratta)t-Yes,t/he/she/itwas. No, l/he/she/itwasn't.
lyeygyl we /you f tlyy wery. i No, you / we / you / they weren't.
Garret era / d stato a Londra la scorsa settimanaEssi non erano / non sono stati a casa ieri.Non fu / Non e stata una brutta idea.
1
2
NOTA CHE
La forma negativa contratta si usa di piir di quella non contratta.
Il verbo be si ulilizza al simple pasf sia nei suoi usi normali (per esempio, per esprimere l'eth), sia neisuoi usi particolari If f .s].When Monict wAs two, she was blonde-It was hot and I was very thirsty.
Be born ("nascere") si usa al simple past quando si indica dove o quando d nato qualcuno. Se ci si rife-risce all'atto del nascere in generale, allora be born pud essere usato anche al simple present.
A When were you born? B I was born on 4th May. A Quando sei nata? B Sono nata il 4 maggio.Lots of white kittens are born deaf or blind.
L?4
Quando Monica aveva due anni, era bionda.Faceva caldo e avevo molta sete.
N[ o Ilsimplepas.tdelverbobe,comequellodeglialtriverbi,vieneresoinitalianoconl'imperfetto,ilpassatoprossimo o il passato remoto, a seconda delle situazioni.
Garret was in London last week.
They weren't at home yesterday.It wasn't a bad idea.
Molti gattini bianchi nascono sordi o ciechi.
Sottol i nea l'alternativa corretta.
0. When Emily was / are a little girl, she liked turtles.a
1. Jack's parents was / were in Brightonlast weekend.
2. A Where are / were you born?
B lam,/was born in London.
3. lt wasn't / weren't a very nice thing to do!
4. They weren't / were at home yesterday.
They were out shopping.
(ompleta le frasi con wos o werc.
0. You were at football training yesterday.
1. Sophie and Harry _ very hungryafter school.
2. You two _ very rude toMrs Radcliffe yesterday.
3. Charlotte born on February 29th.
O. Were yoo at footballtrainins yesterd,ay?Yoct werent at footballtrainins yesterd,ayWerent yoo at footballtrainins yesterd,ay?
I l. I ll simfle post di be
5. Lots of people was / were at the End ofTerm party.
6. lt was / wasn't so cold and I was / am really tired.
7. This time last month, my cousins were / washere at our house.
8. Two years ago, Josh was / were seeing
another girl.
She wa.s ill last Monday.
Lily _ very upset about herparents'divorce.
It _ wet and cold in the woodsthis morning.
6. The Harris twins 18 last month.
oo. Wa,s ske ill la,st uondayzske wasnt ill ta,st uonday.Wa.s ske iil la,st Hohday?
00.
4.
5.
Yolgi le frasi dell'esercizio 2 nella forma interrogativa, negativa e interrogativa-negativa.
Silvie parla di suo figlio Sean con la madre; Sean ha 6 mesi e ieri ha pianto tutto il giorno. Completa il dialogo
con le seguenti parole e il verbo be al simple past (in forma affermativa, negativa o intenogativa).
anxious o tired o hot o hungry . matter o thirsty
SILVIE Sean cried the whole day yesterday. l'm exhausted!
MUM What (0) wa-s the (1)_with him?
SILVIE I don't know. Maybe he (2)_ (3) _.MUMButyesterdayitwasquitecold.(4)-he(5)-?slLVlEldon,tthinkso.Henevercrieswhenheishungry.Andhe(6)-(7)-,either.MUM(8)-youworriedaboutsomething?Sometimesbabiespickupontheirmum,sbadtemper...slLvlENq|(9)-.l(10)-justabit(11)-.Youknow...havingababyistiring.'.MUM Where(12)_Mark?SILVIE He (13) at home. He is working hard at the moment and he's not at home much.MUMWell,lthinkhe(14)(15)-becausehisfather(16)-around.SILVIE Perhaps you're right. When Mark gets home, Sean usually stops crying straight away.
Traduci le seguenti frasi.
1. A Perch6 eri cos) nervoso ieri? B Perch6 c'era un test a scuola. 2. A ll quiz (quiz game) non d stato mol-to difficile. B Sei stato fortunato (lucky)l Le tue domande erano molto facili! 3. Quando Karina era
una bambina, era triste (safl quando le sue amiche non erano con lei. 4. A Quel cappotto era orrendo(awfut)! B Si, hai ragione. Era dawero fuori moda (old-fashioned). S. n Cosa avevi ieri? B Ero annoiato.6. A Perch6 sei stata cosi maleducata (rude) con (to) Iui la scorsa notte? B Perch6 era di nuovo in ritardo!7. I Coopers erano qui ieri e sono stato felice di incontrarli. 8. Ricordo Garret molto bene. Era uno dei mieistudenti preferiti perchd era molto intelligente e originale.
1?5
11.4 I simple postdei verbi regolori e iregoloriFormo offermstivoo ll simple pasf esprime azioni concluse in un periodo di tempo completamente trascorso. Ci sono due
tipi di verbi e il loro simple past in forma affermativa si forma in due modi diversi (non ci sono, invece,
differenze per la forma interrogativa e quella negativa):
- verbi regolari: forma base + -ed
- verbi irregolari: forme proprie
play > played; call > called; start > started
run > ran; bring > brought; understand > understood
NOTA (HE
Per sapere se un verbo d irregolare, consulta la lista dei principali verbi irregolari IiRppendix, p.525]. La
seconda elaterzavoce del paradigma sono il simple past e il past participle (participio passato). Il simple past e
il past participle dei verbi regolari hanno la stessa forma (cook / cooked / cooked); il simPle past e I past participle
dei verbi irregolari possono avere la stessa forma (buy / bought / bought) o forme diverse (eat / ate / eaten).
Formo offermotivo dei verbi regolori
, Forml
!3-se + -ed pel tutte !! pgsgne
Ruby x,ot7.4 her car last Saturday.Tlrcy missed the bus yesterday morning.
I / you / he / she / it / we / you / they played tennis very well.
Ruby ha lavato la sua auto sabato scorso.Hanno perso I'autobus ieri mattina.
Osserva Ie variazioni ortografiche che si verificano con l'aggiunta di -ed.
I verbi terminanti in -e aggiungono -d live > lived, close > closed
I verbi terminanti in cambiano la-yin-i carry > carried, study > studiedI consonante+-y , eaggiungono-ed
I verbi terminanti in vocate + -y aggiungono -ed play > played, enjoy > enjoyed
lverbi monosillabiciterminanti con 1 vocale
raddoppiano la stop > stopped, plan > plannedconsonante e MA: il verbo clean non raddoppia perch6 ha due vocali:
cleon > cleaned+1 consonante , aggiungono-ed
I verbi bisiltabici terminanti raddoppiano la prefer > preferred, refer > referred
con t vocale + I consonante consonante e MA: ilverbooffer non raddoppia perche
e accentati sull'ultima sillaba r aggiungono -ed l'accento cade sulla prima sillaba: o ffer > offered
lverbi terminanti con 1 vocale raddoppiano la -I travel > travelled, cancel > cancelled+1 e aggiungono-ed MA: i verbi terminanti con duevocali + /non raddoppiano:
reveal > revealed. Fanno eccezionefuel > fuelled, dial > dialle:
I lvebri terminanti in -c aggiungono -ked panic > panicked, mimic > mimicked
Formo offermotivo dei verbi irregoloriI verbi irregolari hanno forme proprie di simple pasf. La forma E uguale per tutte le persone.
i;';'b";; i si;ipr" piit i E*'rpi..:eat qte I ate an ice cream an hour ago. Ho mangiato un gelato unbra fa.
You saw me last month.
Maisie came to the party late.
saw
came
Mi hai visto il mese scorso.
Maisie d arrivata tardi alla festa.
see _
come
.h!n?cut
i--hod They had a dog some years ago. Avevano un cane qualche anno fa.
r76
cut He cut his finger yesterday. Si d tagliato un dito ieri.
: I 1.3 tl simple past dei verbi regolari e irregolarl
Completa !e frasi con Ia forma affermativa del simple posf dei verbi tra parentesi.
0. Scarlett called, (call) me yesterday.
1. Leo
-
(enjoy) himself at the party. 5.
2. The detective (solve) the case 6.
very quickly. 7.
3. They _ (offer) me a good job. 8.
4. We
-
(travel) a lot last year.
Luca
-
(study) hard last year.
The car _ (stop) suddenly.She _ (reveal) the truth too late.
There was a fire in the school and everybody(panic).
Completa Itlenco (on la forma base o il simple post dei seguenti verbi.
forma base I simple post forma base I simple post forma base I simple past
o. build boitt 7. read_ 15. develop
OO. cry cried1. eat
8. help9. prefer
10. forget11.
12. come
workedfought
take
forma base I simple past
23. dofelt 24. stop
25. break
26. get27. answer
woke 28. _ said
29. _thought30. _ lied
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
oo
buystart
_ drank 13.
_wrote 14.
16.
17.18.
rang 19.
20.annoyed 21. _swam
22. _regrettedhear
(ompleta la biografia dell'artista Justin Timberlake con la forma affermativa del simple past dei seguenti verbi.
become. meet o sell o bebe+n o obtain . goon . continue o form . star. open
finance o donate o found o create r play
(ompleta le frasi con la forma affermativa del simple posf dei verbi tra parentesi.
0. Macey evmailed, her assignment. (email)
1. l_ her number. (know)
2. The flight _ on time. (arrive)
3. Jack and I _ Jen our secret. (tell)
4. Kelly _ a really pretty dress. (wear)
5. Nicholas _ all the lettuce. (eat)
6. She _to bed early. (go)
7. Sam and Nick- lunch together. (have)
8. We Spanish well once. (speak)
two restaurants in New York, Destino and
Southern Hospitality.Last but not least, Timberlake is very active incharitable pursuits. 1n2002 he (1 1)
-
the"Justin Timberlake Foundation' which
(12)
-
music education programs inschools; in 2007 he(13) in a solftournament to raise
funds for Hospitals forChildren and, for the
sarne cause, in 2009 he(14)-overgmilliondollars. Handsome,
talented and full ofgood feelings...what else?
ustin Timberlake (0) wa-s born on fanuary3 l, 1981 in Memphis. He (1 )
-
famous
as a contestant on Star Search and then he(2)
-
to star in the television series Tfte
New Mickey Mouse Club, where he(3)
-
his future bandmate )C Chasez.
Tosether. thev (4) the bov band'N Svnc'. However, he (5) success
in2002, $'ith his solo album lustified,which (5) about seven millioncopies worldwide.Timberlake (7)
-his
success with his
second solo album, Future Sex/Love Sounds.lrtstinTimberlake also has an acting career. He(8)
-
in such films as The Social Networkand Bad Teacher. Loved by his fans, Timberlake(9)
-
a fashion label and (10)
-t77
Forme negotivo, interrogotivo e interrogotivo-negotivo L, ., ,.,: -.. . ".-i sil lj!{s*'-,,;-dei verbi regolori e inegolori
La forma negativa, interrogativa e interrogativa-negativa dei verbi regolari e dei verbi irregolari si
costruisce allo stesso modo, e ciod con l'ausiliare did + verbo alla forma base. La forma d la stessa pertutte le persone.
Osserva le seguenti tabelle sulle forme del simple past.
I nterrogativa-negativa
non contratta / contratta mai contratta sempre contratta
did not play / didn't play Did+sogg.+play? t Didn't + sogg. + play?
did not eat / didn't eot l Did + sogg. + eot? Didn't+sogg.+eot?
Negativa lnterrogativa
Short answer affermativa (mai contratta)
Yes,+sogg.+did.
Short answer negativa (sempre contratta)
, No, + sogg. + didn't.
Non hai ripassato bene storia ieri.
A Will d andato a Londra Io scorso mese? B No.
A Non hanno aperto quel negozio l'anno scorso? B Si.
You didn't revise History well yesterday.
A Did Will go to London last month? B No, he didn't-
A Didn't they open that shop last year? B Yes, they did.
NOTA (HE
Dopo did il verbo d sempre alla forma base (mai #f+@ odi*tsa-ate?).
ll simple pdst con le wh- queslionsNelle frasi interrogative con una wh- question, l'ordine delle parole d il seguente:
I wh- question + did + soss. +_verbo- ) y.y,:!:Uo: q: y:t::,d_y? Dove sei andato ieri?
Ricorda che con who e what si usa l'ausiliare did se who e what hanno funzione di oggetto, mentre non si
usa se hanno funzione di soggetto [+q.r].Who did you invite yesterday? > (who oggetto) Chi hai invitato ieri?Who invited you yesterday? > (who soggetto) Chi ti ha invitato ieri?
Usi del simple poslo Il simple pasf si usa per:
- esprimere azioni concluse in un periodo di tempo completamente trascorso (spesso con espressionidi tempo come yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week I month I year, two minutes I an hour Ithree days I five years ago);
I didn't pass the Russian exam last year.
Kelly went to the seaside two days ago.
- narrare fatti storici o di fantasia avvenuti nel passato;
Victoria became queen in 18j7.Arthur drew the sword out of the stone.
Non ho superato l'esame di russo Io scorso anno.Kelly d andata al mare due giorni fa.
Vittoria divento regina nel 1837.
Arthur estrasse la spada dalla roccia.
descrivere una sequenza di eventi passati [+zs.t ].First he took his shoes and socks off. Then he Prima si d tolto scarpe e calzini. Poi hawalked barefoot on the grass. After that...
178
camminato scalzo sull'erba. Dopo...
0. You d,ld,n't sdtd,y Maths yesterday.
He
We
i
I l.A ll simpte post dei verbi regolari e irregolari
(ompleta le frasi con la forma negativa del simple pasf dei seguenti verbi.
study o go . make o do o stop o play o take o drink r cut
1. they / meet / their friends / yesterday / .
2. you / get up / at7 a.m. / last Sunday / ?
3. we / not leave / by train / two days ago / .
4. Chloe / have / a holiday / last summer / ?
into the room so as not to wake her.
videogames online all night!all the orange juice yesterday evening.
very well in her English test.
a short holiday last month.the cake for my birthday last year.
its paw on that broken glass.
at the traffic lights.
5. she / not read / my message / yesterday / ?
6. Jack / hear / a strange noise / last night / .
7. he / not come / to the cinema / with you / ?
8. Lacey / not explain / to me / the whole story / .
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
1.
2.
3.4.5.
5.7.8.
Jayden
Marsha
They
Mum
The dogThe car
Yolgi le frasi dell'esercizio 10 nella forma interrogativa e interrogativa-negativa del simple past.
O. Did, yoo stod,y Yratks yesterd,ay? / Dld,nt yoo stctd.y uatks yesterd,ay?
Utilizza le parole date per comporre delle frasi al simple post.
0. Kai/noteat/anything/atfunch /. K.tid,ld,nt eat anytkins at lonck.
il RisponAi alle seguenti domande in modo personale con una frase dialmeno cinque parole.
Who told you which page to work on?
How did you get to school yesterday?
Where did you spend your last Christmas?
Why did you decide to do this exercise?
When was the last time you read an English book?What time did you get up last Sunday morning?How old was your mother on her last birthday?How long did it take you to do your homework today?
What
Who
Who
What
Where
Who
What
What
E Formula delle domande con la parola interrogativa data, in modo da ottenere (ome risposta !a parte sottolineata
della frase.
0. Somebody gave Florence a new pencil-case. Wko .1ave Florence a new penctll-case?00. I gave my pen to June. Wko d.id, yot-t .qive yoor pen to?
1. Somethinq smelled off in your fridge.2. Joshua wrote a letter to somebody.
3. Somebodv phoned me late last night.4. Harry broke an ornament at Libby's house.
5. Oliver and Evie went somewhere for the hols!
6. Jessica took my coat home by mistake.
7. The passengers clapped_as the plane landed.
8. Emily said somethinq horrible to Grace.
?
?
?
?
?
?
7
179
irrdl$li$hiiir/fr BLsiilil$,ilinff lilEiill)il \ ;i r,irirl,.ii"- i i,' rriri
o Alsimplepastnonsiusahavegot,mahaye.Havebunverboirregolare (have,had,naA)l)s.l,s.gl.When we lived in the countryside, we had three dogs. Quando vivevamo in campagna, avevamo tre cani.
o Il verbo do, quando non ha funzione di ausiliare, significa "fare". E un verbo irregolare (do, did, done).
We had lunch at the restqurant because we
didn't have anything to eat at home.Did you have a bicycle when you were eight?
We did a translation yesterday.I was lazy and I didn't do any sport.Did you do your homework last Sunday?
t Non si usa mai did con il verbo be.
A Were you at home yesterday?B No, I wasn't at home.
A Hi Ava, are you busy? I wanted to talk to youabout a problem I have.,.
8 Ok, what's up?
Abbiamo pranzato al ristorante perch6non avevamo nulla da mangiare a casa.
Avevi una bici quando avevi otto anni?
Abbiamo fatto una traduzione ieri.Ero pigra e non facevo nessuno sport.Hai fatto i compiti domenica scorsa?
A Eri a casa ieri?B No, non ero a casa.
A Ciao Ava, hai da fare? Volevo parlarti diun problema che ho...
B Ok, cosa c'd?
We didn't eat any meat at lunch yesterday.
Non abbiamo mangiato carne a pranzo ieri.
Hemingway fought in the Spanish Civil War in 1936.
Hemingway combatt6 nella Guerra Civile Spagnola nel I936.
First I mode the sauce. Then I cooked the meatballs.
Prima ho fatto il sugo. Poi ho cucinato le polpette.
o Il simple past di solito si usa per riferirsi a eventi che sono awenuti nel passato, ma lo si pud usare
anche nel presente per rendere un'affermazione o una richiesta meno diretta.
Osserva le seguenti tabelle riassuntive sulla forma e sull'uso del simple past.
Uso Esempio
1. azioni concluse nel passato
33t'r^ Slad, r d,ld,nt kave to fi5kt l.n aty war,T'rn 5la-d, T d,i.d,nt kave to p[ck op a Soh,T'rn qlad. T d.ld.nt qet kt:lled, or klt sormebod,v.r koie rmy klds "d)oy
tke sarwe lack of , inkood,,72Tom Hanks, Arnerican actor (1956)
r80
fl$I- iid't
Forma
affermativa verbi regolari (+ -ed) l, you, he, she, it, we, you, they ployed
verbi irregolari (forma propria) l, you, he, she, it, we, you, they ate
Tgly" _interrogativa -_in$rrgg1.,r1-Iesativash ort answer affermativa
verbi regolari e irregolari
U"r,hr,thr,ir,*",yD,!5ggs.1ptay / eat?
?idil!:':-sp::t!l!:'tLYes, + sogg.+ did.
short answer negativa No,+sogg.+didn't.
2. narrazione di fatti storici o di fantasia
3. azioni in sequenza nel passato
I 1.4 l simpte past dei verbi regolari e irregolari
Coneggi Ie seguenti frasi.
She hadn't got time to talk to me. ske d,ldnt kave ttlrne to talk to rme,
Why didn't you the gardening yesterday?
Hadn't you a black sports car?
You're wrong! Clarissa didn't had long hair!
l'm sure they didn't their duty!
0.
1.
2.
3.4.
5. They didn't be worried. They were upset!6. We didn't any test last week.7. A Did you have a yellow shirt? B No, I hadn't.8. We hadn't either coffee or tea.
Hilary, laurie e Paul sono rientrati a! lavoro dopo Ie ferie e pa]lano delle vacanze appena trascorse. Completa ildialogo conil simple past dei verbi tra parentesi.
(O)Dd, yoo kave (youlhave)a good holiday?
Yes, thankyou. I (1)
What (2)
(go) to Greece with some friends.(itlbe) like? (3) (you /enjoy) yourselves?
Yes, we (4) (relax) and I (5) (not/do) anything, just the beachand sunbathing. And you, Paul, where (6) (you /spend) your holidays?
PAUL t (7) (go) to Australia with my wife.
PAUL
HILARY
PAUL
HILARY
HILARY
PAUL
PETER
DADPETER
DAD
PETER
DAD
PETER
DAD
PETER
To Australia!!WowlWhat a cool place to go! How long (8)
Well, we only (9)
(you /stay) there?(stay) for two weeks this time but we are hoping to go again
in December. But... Laurie... Whatt wrong? Why that long face?
LAURIE Well,l (10) (not/have) a real holiday! I (11) (stay) at home and(12) (look after) everybody. You knory it's difficult to get away with three children...
Peter deve scrivere una relazione sugli eventi ac(aduti nel 1994, l'anno in cui i nato, e chiede aiuto al padre.
Completa il dialogo conil simple part dei seguenti verbi.
end o beat. go. beborn. happen o release o begin(x2) o die(x2) o listen
Dad, what (O) kappened,in 1994? I have to write a project report on events in that year.
Letmethink... 1994... firstof allyou (1)_!Come on Dad, it's not a report about me! For example, (2) _(any wars) that year?
1994... I remember that there was still the war in Bosnia - it (3) in 1995 - and a
dreadfulwar(4)inRwanda.800,000people(5)-injustafewmonths.That's awful. Wars are always such a tragedy. Well... I also have to include something light-hearted.For example music? What music (6) (teenogers) to? Were the Beatles still around then?No,thatWasa9esbefore-whenlwasachild!ln1994youngpeople(7)-totheconcertsofthe,,newBeatles,iagroupcalledoasis.They(a)-theirfirstalbumanditwas top of the charts.And what about sport? Was there the World Cup that year?
Yes,therewas...Brazil(9)-ltalyinthefinal.ButthemoStimportantsporteVentin1994wasatragedy.AyrtonSenna,oneofthegreatestF1racingdrivers(10)-inanaccident at lmola.Yeah, I remember seeing replays of the accident on TV. What a shame!Well, thanks dad. Now l'vegot loads of things to look up and write about.
Traduci Ie seguenti frasi.
1. ll padre di Pete non gli ha concesso (allow) di uscire ieri. 2. Nelly e Rob hanno annunciato (onnounce) illorofidanzamento (engagement) lo scorso sabato. 3. Non capisco perch6 hanno rifiutato Vefuse) la mia richiestaper (application for) un prestito (loan). 4. Lei ha detto al marito della sua decisione di lavorare part-time e lui ha
approvato (approve).5.1 mieiamici hanno organizzalo la festa in pocotempo. 6.A Haicomprato i biglietti peril concerto, ieri? B No, non erano piir (any longer, alla fine della frase) disponibili (available). 7. Ho visto Sabrina
due ore fa. Era con un uomo calvo (bold). 8. A Come ti sei rotto la gamba? B Sono scivolato (s/rp) sul ghiaccio.
l8r