mobile communications in brief
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History of mobile communication protocols and some practical usage of mobile communications in brief Presentation is created for getting mark on college.TRANSCRIPT
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MOBILE COMMUNICATIONSHistory of mobile communication protocols and some practical usage of mobile communications
Polytehnic of Zagreb Department of Electrical Enginering
Marko Idžan
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Content of this presentation•GSM•CDMA•3G•4G/LTE•Other communications protocols used on smartphones•Using mobile communications for location detection•Speedtests of 2G, 3G and 4G Networks•Questions
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GSM•Global System for Mobile Communication•GSM is trademark owned by GSM Association•Developed in Europe by Europe Telecommunications Standards Institute•Widely used – about 80% of market share
GSM logo
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History of GSM
•1981 – started to work on Euoropean mobile communications protocolEuropean Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations(CEPT)•1986 – 900MHz spectrum selected•1987 – first GSM Technical Specifications•1989 – CEPT renamed to ETSI
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History of GSM•1990 – Phase I specifications published•1991 – GSM expanded to 1800MHz spectrum•July 1st 1991 – first mobile call via Telenokia and Siemens operated by Radiolinja•1992 – first SMS was sent•1993 – Telecom Australia expanded GSM outside Europe•1995 – 1900MHz spectrum was reserved for GSM in USA
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History of GSM
•1995 – SMS launched commercially•1996 – First pre-paid SIM cards•2000 – First launch of GPRS (2G Network)•2002 – First MMS sent•2005 – HDSPA First 3G networking on GSM specifications
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How GSM Works
Mobile system Base Stations Subsystem GPRS Core
NetworkOperations Support System
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CDMA
•Code Division Multiplication Protocol•W-CDMA•3G protocols•4G/LTE is based on W-CDMA specifications
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History of CDMA
•Late 1990’s – Developed by NTT DoCoMo for FOMA (variant of 3G)•IMT-2000 one of specifications for worldwide 3G network•Lately renamed to UMTS•Qualcomm – first company which created 3G chips for CDMA (W-CDMA later)
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3G
•HSDPA•UMTS (W-CDMA)•HSUPA•HSDPA+•Problem: battery drain on smartphones•Positive side: Network speed up to 15Mbps in download and 7.2Mbps in upload
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4G/LTE
•Recently grow•Started using in 2010 (rare phones in US)•Huawei/ZTE most 4G chipsets made•Samsung most phones with 4G chipset inside•Problem: Uses more battery than 3G•Positive side: download speed up to 100Mbps in booth sides (upload and download)
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Other mobile communication protocols
•WiFi•WiFiDirect Android•WiMAX US Only•NFC
Honorable mentions
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Locating using mobile phone
•Inaccurate: Base stations registration and number detection•Accurate: Mobile networks (2G, 3G, 4G), WiFi and base stations registration•Precise: Mobile networks, base stations registration, WiFi and GPS
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Location settings in Android KitKat
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Speedtests of 2G, 3G and 4G networks
2G Network on Vipnet 3G Network on T-Mobile
4G Network on T-Mobile
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Questions
•What is abbrevation for Global System for Mobile Communications?
•GSM
•Is GSM primarly european or American standard?
•European
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Questions
•Which year was made a first call via GSM?
•1991
•CDMA is abbrevation for ...
•Code Division Multiplication Protocol
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Questions
•Which year was made a first call via GSM?
•1991
•Which one is better for batery life on smartphones: 2G or 4G?
•2G
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Questions
•Which company creates most of 4G chipsets?
•ZTE / Huawei
•Which one is better for locating your device: GSM only or GSM and GPS?
•GSM and GPS
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