mission critical commissioning for healthcare facilities · plate and frame heat exchangers z ......
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Mission Critical Commissioning for
Healthcare Facilities
Steven (Rusty) Ross, PESSRCx, LLC
April 2008
Mission Critical Systems and Tasks
Systems Mechanical ElectricalPlumbing, Fire Protection, Other
Tasks Pre-Design and Design PhaseConstruction PhaseAcceptance PhasePost Occupancy Phase
Mechanical Systems
Critical systems:Chilled water systemsSteam and Heating SystemsAirside systemsHVAC controlsSystems Integration
Chilled Water Systems
ComponentsChillersCooling towersPumping systemsPlate and frame heat exchangersMake-up water systemsChemical treatment systems
Chilled Water SystemsCritical – temperature control and Dehumidification One of the greatest impacts on energy billMust efficiently provide required CHW flow and temperature
Chilled Water SystemsCritical – functional testing must address central plant functions and load side conditionsSatisfy the dynamic nature of loads servedOff-peak system efficiency Chillers operate most efficiently when fully loadedMost systems operate more chillers than load should require
Steam and Heating SystemsCritical - humidification, heating, process/ sterilizationSteam boilers or a combination of steam and heating hot water boilersMust be on emergency power at all timesStand-by Capability must function automaticallyVariable load for heating, dehumidification, sterilization and sometimes domestic hot water
Steam and Heating Systems
Components:BoilersMake-up systemsFuel oil systemsPressure reducing stationsHeat exchangersPumping systemsSteam condensate return systemsHumidifiers
Steam and Heating Systems
Must satisfy dynamic load conditionsHot water boilers served by primary/secondary pumping systemSteam to water heat exchangers with variable flowEnergy efficient controls
OAT reset schedule
Air Side Systems
Must meet critical needs:Temperature controlAir Changes/Outside air requirementsHumidificationSpace pressurizationOverall building pressurizationSpecial
Heart/OrthoIsolation systemsLife safety
Air Side SystemsSystems include:
Air handling unitsReturn/relief fansMake-up air systemsExhaust fansFiltrationLocal zone controlsHumidifiersSmoke evacuation systemsStair pressurization systems
Air Side SystemsOperation scenarios:
Normal power operationTransfer to and from emergency powerOperating on emergency powerPeak load conditionsVarying load conditionsAlarm modesStand-by/Redundant modesNight set-back modesOverride conditions
Systems Integration
Dynamic system integration Air Handling Units/ Return systemsFan TrackingTerminal boxes/Air valvesHumidifiersExhaust systems
HVAC Control System
Controls all components Critical for function and energy efficiency.Maximize capabilities of building operatorMust be calibrated, points mapped, alarms programmed, communications functioning properly.
HVAC Control System
Device locations System IntegrationCommunication to operatorsAlarms and Critical conditions
Electrical Systems
Critical SystemsUnit subs/main electrical switchgear/distribution level switchgearEssential electrical systemFire alarm systemNurse call system
Main Switchgear/Unit Subs/ Distribution Switchgear
Core elements of the normal power electrical distribution system:
Main switchgearUnit subsDistribution level switchgear
Must be installed correctlyCoordination Study
Main Switchgear/Unit Subs/ Distribution Switchgear
Manual or automatic “throw-over”schemes, kirk-key arrangements, etc.Monitoring Systems
SCADA Building management system
Essential System
Most critical electrical distribution system Essential system consists of two systems:
Emergency systemLife safety branchCritical branch
Equipment systemsIndependent
Essential SystemAll gensets/switchgear must be Cx’d
Paralleling switchgearTransfer switchesDistribution level switchgear
Functions/Sequences:Switchgear operationsPriority loads and load shed schemesInterface with fuel oil systemRemote alarms/annunciationTransfer/delay/cool down modes
Essential System
Electrical system testing versus testing the loadsThe essential system must be tested with all connected loads operating and under controlCritical – loads are properly configured
Fire Alarm SystemCritical to life safety of the staff and patients.Interfaces with multiple systems including:
HVAC control systemElevatorsSecurity systemsFire protection systemDoorsPaging systemSpecialty system such as smoke evacuationStair pressurization systemsKitchen equipment
Nurse Call/Code Blue System
Critical communication between patients and staff
Code blue system – Critical communication among the staff.Nurse Call – Communication from patients to staff.
Plumbing & Fire Protection Systems
Systems most critical in hospitals:Domestic hot waterCold water systemsFire protection systems
Medical gas is critical - Independent certification
Domestic Hot and Cold Water Systems
Water supply is critical.Booster pumpsWater softenersDomestic heating systems
Fire Protection System
Fire pumpJockey pumpAutomatic sprinkler systemPre-action systemsDry systems
Mission Critical Commissioning Tasks
Tremendous effort has been made to develop commissioning standards.The following define standards for commissioning:
BCA/PECIASHRAEUSGBCACG, NEBB, SMACNA, Others
Mission Critical Commissioning Tasks
Commissioning is delivered over the course of the project.Phases:
Pre-designDesignConstructionAcceptancePost-occupancy
Pre-Design & Design Phase Tasks
Critical Tasks:Development and review of the Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR)Commissioning specificationsPlan reviews:
SD levelDD levelCD level
Owner’s Project RequirementsDescribes in measurable terms the Owner’s expectationsDefines:
Efficiency/Sustainability goalsOwner and user requirementsIndoor Environmental RequirementsEquipment/System expectationsO&M requirements
Develop prior to design phaseProgramming document for Systems
Plan Reviews
Most cost effective/proactive Cx activityInput prior to finalizing bidsThis feedback identifies:
ConflictsCoordination between disciplinesMaintainabilityClarity for Control sequencesSystem integration
Commissioning Specifications
Contract documents must incorporate the Commissioning scope
Roles/ResponsibilitiesTasksSystemsSample Checklists, Test procedures
Construction Phase Tasks
Critical Tasks:Commissioning planProject specific checklists and FPTsCx process - Manage and CoordinateUpdates - Revisions to scope/shopsInstallation of work must be confirmedStart-up – monitor the planning and execution of the process
Commissioning Plan
Cx Plan:Define commissioning processIdentify critical milestonesIdentify deliverables
Installation Checklists and Functional Performance Test Procedures
Installation/Pre-functional checklists:Project specificReference contract documents requirementsDocuments installed per contract documents
Functional test proceduresProject specificReference contract documents requirements Integrated system functional requirements
Construction Phase Field Activities
Cx plan should be a roadmapProcess should be proactive/integrated into the master project scheduleSite visits
Document installationMeetings – as necessaryO&MsPlan to prepare the operations staff
Acceptance Phase Tasks
Installation, Start-up, Test and Balance must be complete prior to Acceptance PhaseCritical Tasks
Functional testingOwner training and other required documentationFinal commissioning report
Functional Performance Testing
Testing sequence must be defined How do systems serve facilityConstruction Master schedule
Testing occurs as systems are completedIntegrated functional testing planFPTs must be complete prior to final functional reviews by the code authorities
Final Documentation
Provide operators all documentation so they can plan to operate the facility
Provide before Acceptance PhaseO&MsSystems ManualRecord Documents
Commissioning Final Report As soon as possible after functional testing
Post Occupancy Phase Tasks
Critical TasksOpposed season systems testing
EconomizersHumidifiers
Peak load conditionsSummerWinter
