Cause and Effects Leading to the American RevolutionName: _________________________ Pd ___.

Date Provisions Colonial Reaction

Pontiac’s Rebellion

1763

Proclamation of 1763

1763

Sugar Act April 1764

Committees of Correspondence

1764

Stamp Act March 1765

Stamp Act Congress October 1765

(((Quartering Act))) May 1765

Declaratory Act March 1766

Townshend Acts June1767

Events Leading to the American Revolution SourcesPontiac’s RebellionSource 1: Pontiac, chief of the Ottawa, addressing a gathering of Ottawa, Huron, andPotawatomi Indians, near the Great Lakes, after the defeat of the French by the British, 1763.

It is important for us to exterminate this nation, Britain, from our lands; it only seeks to destroy us. You see as well as I do that we can no longer supply our needs, as we have done from our brothers, the French. The British sell us goods twice as much as the French do, and their goods do not last. When we wish to set out for our winter camp, they do not want to give us any credit as the French do. When I go to see the British commander and say to him that some of our comrades are dead, instead of mourning their death, as our French brothers do, he laughs at us. If I ask for anything for our sick, he refuses and replies that he has no use for us. From all this you can well see that they are seeking our ruin. Therefore, my brothers, we must all swear their destruction and wait no longer. Have I not shown you the wampum* belts which I received from our great father, the French King? He tells us to strike the British. Why do we not listen to his words? What do we fear?

Proclamation of 1763Sugar ActThe Purpose of the Sugar Act of 1764 was to:

Reduce the rate of tax on molasses from six pence to three pence per gallon - but ensured the new tax could be collected by increased British military presence and controls

Establish British admiralty courts for tax violators where a judge decided the outcome rather than in colonial courts

Regulate the trade by effectively closing the legal trade to non-British suppliers. The Act was designed to stop trade between New England and the Middle colonies

with French, Dutch, and Spanish in the West Indies Provide for the seizure of cargoes violating the new rules

Reduce the practice of smuggling bribery, intimidation and corruption in the colonies which were used to avoid paying taxes

The act taxed more foreign goods including wines, coffee, cambric and printed calico

Timber and iron were also included in the products that could be traded only with England

Committee of CorrespondenceSamuel Adams highlighted what he believed to be the dangers of taxation without representation with these words:

"...For if our Trade may be taxed, why not our Lands?Why not the Produce of our Lands & everything we possess or make use of? This we apprehend annihilates

our Charter Right to govern & tax ourselves. It strikes at our British privileges, which as we have never forfeited them, we hold in common with our Fellow Subjects who are Natives of Britain. If Taxes are laid

upon us in any shape without our having a legal Representation where they are laid, are we not reduced from the Character of free Subjects to the miserable State of tributary Slaves?

Stamp ActStamp Act Congress:The delegates of the Stamp Act Congress drew up a "Declaration of the Rights and Grievances of the Colonists." In this document they declared that:

-As subjects of the British king, had the same rights as British subjects living in Britain-Only the colonial assemblies had a right to tax the colonies. (no taxation without representation)-They were free from taxes except those to which they had given their consent-They had the right of trial by jury

Quartering ActWHEREAS doubts have been entertained, whether troops can be quartered otherwise than in barracks, in case barracks have been provided sufficient for the quartering of all officers and soldiers within any town, township, city, district, or place, within his Majesty's dominions in North America…. That, in such cases, it shall and may be lawful for the persons who now are, or may be hereafter, authorized be law, in any of the provinces within his Majesty's dominions in North America, and they are hereby respectively authorized, empowered, and directed, on the requisition of the officer who, for the time being, has the command of his Majesty's forces in North America, to cause any officers or soldiers in his Majesty's service to be quartered and billeted in such manner as is now directed by law, where no barracks are provided by the colonies.

Declaratory Act

Townshend ActsThe Townshend Acts of 1767 were the idea of Charles Townshend who was one of the ministers of William Pitt and his Chatham ministry.

Charles Townshend, as Chancellor of the Exchequer, had the difficult role in the British government of managing finances. Charles Townshend, known as “Champagne Charlie” to his friends, believed that considerable revenue could be raised by placing duties (taxes) on wine, oil, glass, lead, painter's colors, and tea

that was imported to the American colonies. Charles Townshend was careful not to impose direct taxes. He also chose to tax commodities that would not hurt the British trade but still raise enough revenue from the colonies. The Townshend Acts made common items like lead, glass, paint, paper, and tea more expensive. None of these items were produced locally and had to be imported into North America. The colonists responded by refusing to buy the products.Boston Massacre Sources

Rebelling BostonName: ____________________________

John Adams video:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bP8rwwaRuww

1. According to John Adams during the Boston Massacre Trial, prisoners must be judged solely by:

2. John Adams asks the court to disregard the British uniforms and consider them men. Why does he ask such a thing?

3. After watching this clip, what do you find different about the trial than learned about in class?

4. What was Captain Thomas Preston’s reaction to John Adams?

Boston 1768:https://www.schooltube.com/video/3f860e4a9f254c40b521/America%20the%20Story%20of%20Us%20-%20Boston,%201768

1. How many British soldiers are there per Boston citizens?

2. On May 9, 1768, who owns the ship that gets seized by the British?

3. Who is Paul Revere?

Boston Tea Party:http://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/american-revolution-history/videos/the-sons-of-liberty-and-the-boston-tea-party

1. How much was the tea worth that the Rebels dumped in Boston Harbor?

2. What others acts or rebellion have Americans done that you know about?

Review Questions:

What were the consequences of the French and Indian War, and how did they lead to the American Revolution?

What was two events occurred in 1763? Describe them below:

How did the Enlightenment and Great Awakening change the American views of authority?

Who are the Sons of Liberty?

Boston Tea Party Play Script - Act IScene 1

Curtain rise to a backdrop with a painted scene of the Boston Harbor and three sailing ships tied to the warf wharf. Also, the exterior of a warehouse is shown.

Narrator: A group of men and women are congregating and listening to a newsboy. He is carrying newspapers under one arm and waving another in his hand, shouting as he walks up and down.

Newsboy: Extra! Extra! Extra! Read all about it! Three ships arrived from England loaded with tea. They are tied at Griffin's wharf. The tea is taxed at three pence a pound. Extra! Extra! Ships with tea have also arrived in New York, Philadelphia, and Charleston. Extra! Extra! Read all about it!

Narrator: Some spectators buy a newspaper and read it briefly while the newsboy continues to shout the news. One spectator waves his fist with annoyance.

First Spectator: Great Britain has certainly tired our patience. First it was the sugar tax, then the Stamp Act. Imagine having to buy a stamp for every piece of printed paper we use, just to keep King George's treasury well supplied.

Second Spectator: And now a tax on the one drink a poor man enjoys tea.

Third Spectator: I say we must learn to live without it rather than pay the tax.

Fourth Spectator: How can we live without it?

Narrator: There is mounting excitement. The men and women are heard shouting.

First Spectator: We must live without it! We must not pay the tax no matter how much we want tea. It's a matter of principle. Now the tea tax, next it will be something else. There will be no end to it!

Narrator: Now all are extremely angry.

Second Spectator: King George has no right to do this to us. We don't even have representation in his Parliament.

Third Spectator: I say, no taxation without representation.

All Together: Hear! Hear!Fourth Spectator: Let's go right now to merchant Clark at the warehouse and demand that he not unload the tea from the ships.

Narrator: They all shout together, waving their arms.

Spectators: Aye! Aye! To the warehouse! To the warehouse!

[Exit together. Curtain closes.]

Scene 2

Scene opens with the same backdrop with a group of colonists congregated in front of it.

Narrator: Richard Clark, a merchant and owner of the warehouse, is faced by an angry group of colonists. They have come as a committee to protest the arrival of the tea, and especially the tax on it.

First Committee Member: Richard Clark, we're here to speak for the people of Boston. We ask you to promise not to sell the cargo of tea just arrived and in your charge.

Second Committee Member: We demand that you send the chests of tea back to London unopened.

Narrator: Clark becomes annoyed and angry.

Clark: I want nothing to do with you. You have no right to speak in this manner. Leave my warehouse!

Third Committee Member: We have the right of an oppressed people.

Clark: I have nothing to do with governmental matters. I suggest you speak to Governor Hutchinson.

Narrator: Clark makes a quick exit.

[Curtain closes.]

Boston Tea Party Play Script - Act IICurtain rises on the interior of the Old Meeting House. There is a table with a candle on it and chairs.

Narrator: Several men are grouped around Samuel Adams. Angry voices sound throughout the room.

Suddenly Francis Rotch, a shipowner, enters. All look to him for news.

Rotch: Gentlemen, as you suggested, I spoke to the Governor about a clearance to sail my ship back to England with the tea.

Adams: What was his reply?

Rotch: The Governor firmly refused. The ships will be unloaded in the morning.

Narrator: Excited and angry voices are heard throughout the group. Samuel Adams stands on a chair and signals for quiet. He tries to restore order.

[One spectator is heard shouting, then another.]

First Spectator: Who knows how tea will mingle with salt water?

Second Spectator: Boston Harbor will be a teapot tonight! The Mohawks will come!

Narrator: They all exit shaking their fists, shouting angrily, and repeating the refrain.

[Curtain closes.]

Boston Tea Party Play Script - Act IIIAt curtain rise: It is nighttime and the stage is in semi-darkness. The backdrop is the harbor scene. There is a platform running the length of the stage that represents the deck of this ship. There are several chests or large boxes filled with tea on the platform. The boxes may or may not have small

dried leaves or bits of town paper in them. A railing marks the edge of the deck, and a tall mast and rigging may be in the center.

Narrator: Two disguised Mohawks sneak about the wharf looking from left to right, then jump over the rail and board the ship. They approach the boxes of tea stacked in the corner. One of the men grabs a box and passes it to his companion.

First Disguised Mohawk: Heave ho!

Narrator: The second disguised Mohawk opens the box with his ax and empties the contents over the rail.

Second Disguised Mohawk: And over she goes!

Narrator: The disguised Mohawks work as a team. One passes a box of tea to the other, who opens it and empties the contents over the rail.

Both Disguised Mohawks: And over she goes!

Narrator: The boatswain's whistle is heard again as groups of people assemble to see what is taking

place. As each box is dumped into the harbor, the people cheer loudly. Box after box of tea is dumped overboard, and the disguised Mohawks then jump over the rail. In high spirits, they place their axes over their shoulders and march away to the tune "Yankee Doodle." The spectators follow, knowing that the Boston Tea Party is only the beginning of their efforts to establish a free and independent nation.

[Curtain closes.]

Intolerable ActsThe first of the Intolerable Acts closed the port of Boston so tightly that the colonists could not bring hay from Charlestown to give to their starving horses

The second of the Intolerable Acts put an end to the constitution of Massachusetts - only one town meeting was permitted a year in Massachusetts, unless approved by the governor. Town officials would no longer be elected, they were to be be appointed by the royal governor. The executive council would no longer be elected, but appointed by the King. The Massachusetts Government Act revoked the colony's 1691 charter

The third of the Intolerable Acts gave the power for all trials in the colony to be sent to Great Britain and heard under a British judge

The fourth of the punishing Intolerable Acts compelled the colonists to feed and shelter the soldiers employed to punish them

A fifth act is also included in the Intolerable Acts of 1774 and relates to Quebec and Ohio. This 'Intolerable Act' was also passed in 1774 and, although it was not directed at punishing the colony of Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party, it was seen as a new model for an authoritarian British colonial administration and another threat to the independence of the colonies