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MINI OIL EXPELLERS

OIL EXPELLERS

• Used to extract oil from oil seeds• Done by 1. traditional animal drawn ghanies2. mechanical expellers /screw press3. solvent extraction units etc…

GHANI EXTRACTION

• Consist of a wooden mortar and a pestle• Mortar fixed to the ground and pestle to the

animal• Animal is rotated in the mortar• Seed get crushed by the generated friction

/pressure• Oil moves out through an opening at the bottom• Cake is scooped out from the top in the mortar

SCREW PRESS

• Consist of horizontal shaft , the screw assembly is formed integrally with this shaft

• Screw rotates with in a cage or barrel• Configuration of screw is such that the volume

displacement at the feed end is considerably greater than at the discharge end

• Movable choke in the discharge end controls the operating pressure

MINI OIL EXPELLER/SCREW OIL PRESS WORKING PRINCIPLE

1.When oil press is on work, material enters the extruding chamber from the hopper and then moves forwards by the rotating pressing screw and is pressed.2.Under high temperature condition in the chamber, there is quite strong friction among press screw, chamber and the oil materials.3.On the other hand, root diameter of the pressing screw carries larger from one end to the other.4.Hence when rotating, the thread not only pushes particles moving forwards but also turns them outwards as well.5.Meanwhile, particles adjacent the screw will rotate along with screw’s rotating, causing every particle inside the chamber to possess different speed.6.Therefore, relative movement among particles creates neat which is necessary during manufacturing because of helping protein change property, damage colloid, increase plasticity, decrease oil’s elasticity, resulting in high oil.

SOLVENT EXTRACTION• separation of a substance from a mixture by preferentially dissolving that

substance in a suitable solvent. • Solvent extraction is achieved through the grinding of seed.• The ground seed or cake is then purged or washed with a petroleum distillate

(the most common chemical used is hexane) which releases the oil in the seed. • The solvent is then “flashed off” by heating the oil in a sealed chamber• The oil/solvent blend is next heated to 212º F (100º C) to distill off the solvent.• This process theoretically leaves virtually no detectable levels of solvent in the

oil if the proper techniques have been applied. However, microscopic portions (up to 25 parts per million) of hexane can remain in the meal and the finished oil. Commercial oil companies claim hexane is completely removed in the recovery phase of the extraction cycle. However, this cannot be guaranteed as manufacturing practices and quality control standards vary enormously from processor to processor.

Fig:-solvent extraction process

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