mid`kj ^d`kæu] vkxjk–2

¥s[d`x.

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MkW\ ds`\ ds`\ æekZ

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f}rh; ,oa r~rh; iz'u-i(

© izd`kæd`

izd`kæd`mid`kj ^d`kæu(An ISO 9001 : 2000 Company)

2/11 ,] Lonsæh chek uxj ·ækg flusek ds` lkeus‚] vkxjk–282 002√ksu : 4053333, 2530966, 2531101; √SDl # (0562) 4053330E-mail : care@upkar.in, Website : www.upkar.in

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8-310/1, ,\ ds`\ gkml]ghjkuxj] gY}kuh]ft¥k%uSuhrk¥%263139 ·m®jk[≥M‚eksck\ : 7060421008

● bl iqLrd` d`ks izd`kfær d`jus eÍ izd`kæd` }kjk iw.Z lko|kuh cjrh xbZ gS] fœ`j Hh fd`lh(qfV ds` f¥, izd`kæd` ftEesnkj ugÓ gksxk\

● bl iqLrd` d`ks vFkok blds` fd`lh vaæ d`ks fcuk ^d`kæd` d`h f¥f[r vuqefr ds`] fd`lhHh Ôi%œ`ksVksxzkœ`h] fo»qr-xzkfœ`d`] ;kfU(d`h vFkok vU; Ôi eÍ fd`lh Hh ^d`kj lsmi;ksx ds` f¥, ugÓ Nkik tk ld`rk gS\

● fd`lh Hh ifjokn ds` f¥, U;kf;d` {ks( ds`o¥ vkxjk gh gksxk\

ISBN : 978-93-5013-577-8

ewY; # 355·00 ek((Rs. Three Hundred Fifty Five Only)

Code No. 2256

eqnzd` # mid`kj ^d`kæu ·f^afVax ;wfuV‚ ckbZ-ikl] vkxjk

fo";–lwph

● xr o"ksÛ ds` g¥ iz'u-i(

1. O;kolkf;d` i;kZoj. (Business Environment) 3–25● fo"; izos'k ● O;kolkf;d` i;kZoj. d`k vƒZ o ew¥rRo ● vkfƒZd` i;kZoj. ● vkfƒZd` uhfr;k∑ o vkfƒZd`fu;kstu ● Hkjr eÍ O;olk; d`k oS|kfud` i;kZoj. ● izfrLi|kZ uhfr ● miHkssDrk laj{k. ● i;kZoj. laj{k.● uhfr lEcU|h i;kZoj. # mnkjhd`j.] futhd`j. ,oa Hwe≥M¥hd`j. ● f}rh; ihÈ<h ds` lq|kj ● vkS»ksfxd`uhfr ,oa f∂`;kUo;u ● vkS»ksfxd` le~f* ;k izxfr ,oa lajpukRed` ifjorZu\

2. fo®h; ¥s[kad`u (Financial Accounting) 26–63● fo"; izos'k ● vk|kjHwr ¥s[kad`u vo|kj.k,∑ ● iw∑th ,oa vkxe ● fo®h; fooj. ● Hkxhnkjh/lk>snkjh¥s[s%lk>snkj d`k izosæ] lk>snkj d`h fuo~f®] lk>snkj d`h e~R;q] œ`eZ d`k lekiu] ud`nh forj. ● mPp d`Eiuh¥s[s%va'kkÍ o )`.i(kÍ d`k fuxZe] va'kkÍ o )`.i(kÍ d`h tCrh] O;olk; d`h [jhn] d`Eiuh d`k lekiu] va'kkÍ d`kewY;kad`u] ,d`hd`j.] vo'kks". o iqufuZekZ.] |kjd` d`Eiuh ¥s[s\

3. ¥kxr ¥s[kad`u (Cost Accounting) 64–82

● fo"; izos'k ● lhekUr ¥kxrhd`j. ● le-foPNsn fo'¥s".● ekud` ¥kxrhd`j. ● ctVh; fu;U(.● fu.Z;u gsrq ¥kxrhd`j.\

4. ^cU| ¥s[kad`u (Management Accounting) 83–104

● fo"; izos'k ● vuqikr fo'¥s". ● jksd`ÈM izokg fo'¥s". ● d`ks" izokg fo'¥s". ● m®jnkf;Ro ¥s[kad`u\

5. O;kolkf;d` vFkZ'kkL( (Business Economics) 105–135● fo"; izos'k ● O;kolkf;d` vƒZækL( d`h izÎ`fr ● O;kolkf;d` vƒZækL( ds` mi;ksx ● ¥kH ,oa lEinkvf|d`rehd`j. d`h vo|kj.k ● ek∑x fo'¥s". ● ek∑x d`h ¥ksp ● mnklhurk o∂` fo'¥s". ● mi;ksfxrkfo'¥s". ● ^frœ`¥ d`k fu;e ● ifjorZuæh¥ vuqikrkÍ d`k fu;e ● ¥kxr ,oa vkxe ● iw.Z ^fr;ksfxrk],d`kf|d`kj ^fr;ksfxrk o ,d`kf|d`kj eÍ ewY; fu|kZj. ● ewY; foHsn ● vYikf|d`kj ● ewY; lEcU|h j.uhfr;k∑\

6. O;kolkf;d` lkaf“;d`h ,oa vk∑d`ÈMk ifjÆd`j.(Business Statistics and Data Processing) 136–164

● fo"; izos'k ● vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` izd`kj ● vk∑d`ÈMkÍ d`k ,d`(hd`j. ,oa fo'¥s". ● uewukd`j.%vko';d`rk]uewukd`j. d`h (qfV;k∑ ,oa fof|;k∑ ● lk|kj. forj. ● ifjd`Yiuk ijh{k. ● vk∑d`ÈMkÍ d`k fo'¥s". ,oaHk"kUrj. ● ijLij lEcU| ● i'pxfr ● NksVs uewus ds` ijh{k.-Vh-VsLV] ,œ` VsLV rƒk d`kbZ-oxZ ijh{k.● vk∑d`ÈMk ifjÆd`j.-ew¥rRo] vk∑d`ÈMk izfofÆV] vk∑d`ÈMkÍ d`k ifjÆd`j. vkSj lax.d` mi;ksx ● d`k;Zd`kjh {ks(kÍ eÍd`EI;wVj ds` mi;ksx-¥s[kad`u] Ld`U| fu;U(. vkSj foi.u \

( iv )

7. O;kolkf;d` ^cU| (Business Management) 165–198

● fo"; izos'k ● izcU| ds` fl*kUr ● fu;kstu%mˆs';« O;wg jpuk« fu;kstu izf∂`;k ● fu.Z;u ● laxBu● laxBukRed` lajpuk ● vkSipkfjd` ,oa vukSipkfjd` laxBu ● laxBukRed` laLÎ`fr ● fu;qfDr ● usr~Rod`juk ● vfHizsj. ● lfefr;k∑ ● lapkj ● fuxe vfH'kklu ● O;kolkf;d` uhfr'kkL(/vkpkj-lafgrk \

8. foi.u ^cU| (Marketing Management) 199–219

● foi.u d`k fod`kl ● foi.u d`h vo|kj.k ● foi.u lfEeJ. ● foi.u i;kZoj. ● miHksDrk O;ogkj● cktkj foHfDrd`j. ● mRikn fu.Z; ● ewY;hd`j. fu.Z; ● forj. fu.Z; ● lEo*Zu fu.Z; ● foi.ufu;kstu ● foi.u laxBu ● foi.u fu;U(.\

9. fo®h; ^cU| (Financial Management) 220–242

● fo"; izos'k ● iw∑th lajpuk ● fo®h; m®ks¥d` æfDr ● d`k;Z lEcU|h/m®ks¥d` æfDr ● iw∑th d`h ¥kxr● iw∑th ctfVax ● d`k;kZæh¥ iw∑th ^cU|u ● ¥kHkaæ uhfr\

10. ekuo lalk|u ^cU| (Human Resource Management) 243–268

● ekuo lalk|u ^cU|%vo|kj.k ,oa Hwfed`k ● ekuo lalk|u ^cU| ds` d`k;Z ● ekuo lalk|u fu;kstu● HrhZ ,oa p;u ● ^fæ”. ,oa fod`kl ● m®jkf|d`kj lEcU|h fu;kstu ● ”friwfrZ # etnwjh ,oa osru^æklu ● ^ksRlkgd` ,oa vuq"axh ¥kH ● euksc¥ ,oa mRiknd`rk ● fuÆiknu ewY;kad`u ● Hkjr eÍ vkS»ksfxd`lEcU| ● lqj”k o LokLF; ^ko|ku ● Je d`Y;k. ^ko|ku ● lkekftd` lqj”k ● ^cU| eÍ d`kfeZd`kÍ d`hlgHkfxrk\

11. c߯d`x vkSj fo®h; laLƒk,∑ (Banking and Financial Institutions) 269–296

● fo"; izos'k ● c߯d`x d`k egRo ● cßd`kÍ ds` izd`kj vkSj muds` d`k;Z ● Hkjrh; fjtoZ cßd` ● ukckMZ● xzkeh. c߯d`x ● Hkjr eÍ c߯d`x {ks( eÍ lq|kj ● xSj%fuÆiknd` lEif®;k∑ ● iw∑th i;kZIrrk ds` izfreku● bZ-c߯d`x ● fod`kl c߯d`x ● Hkjrh; vkS»ksfxd` fod`kl cßd` ● Hkjrh; vkS»ksfxd` fo® fuxe ● jkT;fo® fuxe ● Hkjrh; bd`kbZ izU;kl ● Hkjrh; ¥?q m»ksx fod`kl cßd`\

12. vUrjkZÆV_h; O;olk; (International Business) 297–324

● fo"; izos'k ● vUrjkZÆV_h; O;olk; ds` lS*kfUrd` vk|kj ● Hqxrku d`k vo'ks" ● vUrjkZÆV_h; rj¥rk● vUrjkZÆV_h; vkfƒZd` laLƒk,a—vUrjkZÆV_h; eqêk d`ks"] fo'o cßd`] vUrjkZÆV_h; fod`kl ,tsUlh] vUrjkZÆV_h; fo®fuxe] ,f'k;kbZ fod`kl cßd` ● fo'o O;kikj laxBu%d`k;Z ,oa uhfr;k∑ ● Hkjr ds` fons'k O;kikj d`h lajpuk #jpuk o fn'kk ● fu;kZr ,oa vk;kr cßd` ● Hkjr d`h vk;kr ,oa fu;kZr uhfr ● fons'k O;kikj d`k fu;eu ,oalao*Zu\

13. ¥s[kad`u ,oa fo® (Accounting and Finance) 325–359

● fo"; izos'k ● Hkjr eÍ ¥s[kad`u ds` ekud` ● eqnzkLœ`hfr ¥s[kad`u ● ekuoh; lalk|u ¥s[kad`u● m®jnkf;Ro ¥s[kad`u ● lkekftd` ¥s[kad`u ● ekSfnzd` ,oa iw∑th cktkj ● Hkjr eÍ Ld`U| fofue; ds`UnzkÍ d`klapk¥u● jkÆV_h; LVkWd` ,DlpÍt] vks\Vh\lh\bZ\vkbZ\] ,u\,\,l\Mh\,\D;w\● O;qRiUu ,oa fod`Yi ● fofu;eud`kjhvf|d`kjh # lsch] oxhZd`j.d`kjh vfHd`®kZ ● uohu ;a( # th\Mh\vkj\ ,oa ,\Mh\vkj\ ● tksf[e/lkgl iw∑th d`ks"● fo¥;u ,oa vf|xzg./lEif® vtZu ● ikjLifjd` fuf|;k∑/lk>k d`ks" ● i±snkjh lEcU|h fo® ● vkÈ<r● tksf[e ,oa ¥kHktZu d`k ekiu ● ^frHwfr;k∑ ,oa iksVZœ`ksf¥;ks ● ¥s[kad`u ,oa fo® eÍ d`EI;wVj mi;ksx\

( v )

14. foi.u (Marketing) 360–389

● fo"; izos'k ● foi.u ds` d`k;Z ● foi.u vo|kj.k ● foi.u i;kZoj. ● miHksDrk O;ogkj ● cktkjfo[≥Mhd`j. ● mRikn fu.Z; ● ewY;hd`j. fu.Z; ● forj. fu.Z; ● lao*Zu fu.Z; ● foi.u 'kks|● vkWu¥kbu foi.u ● izR;{k foi.u ● Hkjr eÍ foi.u ds` lkekftd`] uSfrd` ,oa d`kuwuh ig¥w\

15. ekuo lalk|u izcU| (Human Resource Management) 390–419

● fo"; izos'k ● ekuo lalk|u izcU| d`h vo|kj.k ● ekuo lalk|u izcU| d`h Hwfed`k ,oa d`k;Z ● ekuolalk|u fu;kstu ● d`k;Z fo'¥s".] d`k;Z fooj. ,oa fufnZÆVhd`j.] d`k;Z fo'¥s". lEcU|h lwpuk ds` mi;ksx● HrhZ ,oa p;u ● izf'k{k. ,oa fod`kl ● m®jkf|d`kj lEcU|h fu;kstu ● {kfriwfrZ # etnwjh ,oa osruiz'kklu ● izksRlkgd` ,oa vuq"axh ¥kH ● euksc¥ ;k gkßl¥k ,oa mRiknd`rk ● fuÆiknu ewY;kad`u ● Hkjr eÍvkS»ksfxd` lEcU| ● LokLF; ,oa lqj{kk ● le~f* ,oa lkekftd` cpko ● izcU|u eÍ d`kfeZd`kÍ d`h Hkxhnkjh\

16. vUrjkZÆV_h; O;olk; (International Business) 420–446● fo"; izos'k ● fonsæh ^R;” fofu;ksx ● cgqjkÆV_h; d`Eiuh laLÎ`fr ● cgqjkÆV_h; d`Eiuh vkSj d`e fod`flrjkÆV_ ● la;qDr lkgl/tksf[e ● ”s(h; vkfƒZd` ,d`hd`j. ● lkdZ`] ,fæ;ku] bZ\ lh\ ,oa ukŒVk ● Hkjr ,oafo'o O;kikj laxBu ● ckSf*d` lEif® vf|d`kj ● fonsæ fofue; ● fonsæh fofue; nj vkSj ;kfU(d`h● tksf[e ^cU|u ● vUrjkZÆV_h; Hqxrku d`k gLrkUrj. ● :i, d`k fofue; ● pk¥w ,oa iw∑thxr [krs%eqnΩns,oa ifjn~'; ● O;qRiUu ,oa HfoÆ;-i( ● fonsæ fofu;ksx laLƒkuÍ%;U(/mid`j. # thMhvkj] ,Mhvkj] ,œ`vkbZvkbZ%Hkjrh; iw∑th cktkj eÍ bu mid`j.kÍ d`h Hwfed`k\

17. vk;d`j lfUu;e vkSj d`j fu;kstu (Income Tax Law and Tax Planning) 447–480

● fo"; izos'k ● ew¥Hwr vo|kj.k,∑ ● vkoklh; fLƒfr vkSj d`j vkiru ● d`j ls NwV ok¥h vk; ● fofHUuenkÍ eÍ d`j ;ksX; vk; d`k vkd`¥u ● O;fDr;kÍ d`h d`j ;ksX; vk; d`k vkd`¥u ● œ`eksÛ d`h d`j ;ksX; vk; d`kvkd`¥u ● d`j eÍ d`VkSrh ● ^R;kxeu d`k ^Lrqrhd`j. ● d`j fu|kZj. ds` ^d`kj ● vogs¥uk,a vkSj n≥M● d`j fu;kstu-vo|kj.k] egRo vkSj leL;k,∑ ● d`j pksjh vkSj d`j fujkd`j. ● d`j fu;kstu d`h fof|;k∑● fofæÆV O;kolkf;d` fu.Z;kÍ eÍ d`j-lEcU|h foospu # fufeZr d`juk cuke ∂`; d`juk] LokfeRo cuke fd`jk;sij ¥suk] cuk, j[uk cuke iquLƒkZfir d`juk] fu;kZr d`juk cuke ?js¥w fo∂`; d`juk] cUn d`j nsuk cukelekiu d`juk] foLrkjhd`j. cuke ladq`pu] fuosæ cuke fofuosæ ● vk;d`j vkSj d`j fu;kstu eÍ d`EI;wVj d`kmi;ksx\

ikBΩ;dz`e

^'u-i(–II vkSj ^'u-i(–III (A)

·d`ksj foHkx‚

bd`kbZ–IO;olk; i;kZoj.

O;olk; i;kZoj. d`k vFkZ ,oa ew¥rRo\

vkfƒZd` i;kZoj.] vkfƒZd` uhfr;k∑] vkfƒZd` fu;kstu\

Hkjr eÍ O;olk; d`k oS|kfud` i;kZoj.] ^frLi*kZuhfr] miHksDrk laj”.] i;kZoj. laj”.\

uhfr lEcU|h i;kZoj. # mnkjhd`j.] futhd`j. ,oaHwe≥M¥hd`j.] f}rh; oaæ ds` lq|kj] vkS»ksfxd` uhfr ,oavuqKfIrd`j.] vkS»ksfxd` le~f* ,oa lajpukRed` ifjorZu\

bd`kbZ–II

fo®h; ,oa ^cU|d`h; ¥s[kad`u¥s[kad`u d`h vk|kjHwr vo|kj.k,∑] iw∑th ,oa

vkxe] fo®h; fooj.\Hkxhnkjh ¥s[s # ^osæ] fuorhZ] e~R;q] lekiu ,oa

ud`nh forj.\mPp d`Eiuh ¥s[s # fuxeu tCrh] O;olk; d`h

[jhn] ifjlekiu] vaækÍ d`k ewY;kad`u] lfEeJ.] voæks".,oa iqufuZekZ.] |kjd` d`Eiuh ds` ¥s[s\

¥kxr ,oa ^cU|d`h; ¥s[kad`u # vuqikrkÍ d`kfo'¥s".] d`ks" ^okg fo'¥s".] ud`nh ^okg fo'¥s".]lhekUr ¥kxrhd`j. ,oa czsd`-bfou fo'¥s".] ekud`¥kxrhd`j. ,oa ctVh; fu;a(.] fu.Z;u gsrq ¥kxrhd`j.\

m®jnkf;Ro ¥s[kad`u

bd`kbZ–IIIO;kolkf;d` vƒZækL(

O;kolkf;d` vƒZækL( d`h ^Î`fr ,oa mi;ksx] ¥kH,oa lEif® d`k vf|d`rehd`j.\ ek∑x fo'¥s". ,oa ek∑xd`h ¥ksp\

mi;ksfxrk fo'¥s". ,oa mnklhurk-o∂` fo'¥s".]?Vrs ^fr√¥ ds` fu;e] ifjorZuæh¥ vuqikrkÍ d`k fu;e\

¥kxr] vkxe] ewY; fu|kZj. cktkj d`h fofHUunækvkÍ eÍ ewY; mRikn d`k fu|kZj. # iw.Z ^fr;ksfxrk],d`kf|d`kfjd` ^fr;ksfxrk] ,d`kf|d`kj] ewY;-Hsn rƒkvYikf|d`kj] ewY; lEcU|h j.uhfr;k∑\

bd`kbZ–IVO;kolkf;d` lkaf“;d`h ,oa vk∑d`ÈMkÍ d`kd`k;kZÆd`j.

vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` ^d`kj] vk∑d`ÈMkÍ d`k ,d`(hd`j. ,oafo'¥s".] uewukd`j.] vko';d`rk] uewusd`j. d`h (qfV;k∑,oa fof|;k∑] lk|kj. ·ukWeZ¥‚ forj.] ifjd`Yiukijh”.] vk∑d`ÈMkÍ d`k fo'¥s". ,oa Hk"kUrj.\

ijLij lEcU| ,oa i'pxfr] NksVs uewus ds`ijh”.%Vh-VsLV] ,√-VsLV ,oa d`kbZ-oxZ ijh”. ·d`kbZ-LDok;j VsLV‚\

vk∑d`ÈMk ifjÆd`j.%ew¥rRo] vk∑d`ÈMkÍ d`k bUêkt]vk∑d`ÈMkÍ d`k ifjÆd`j. ,oa lax.d` mi;ksx\

d`k;Zd`kjh ”s(kÍ eÍ d`EI;wVj ds` mi;ksx%¥s[kad`u]Ld`U|-fu;a(.] foi.u\

bd`kbZ–V

O;olk; ^cU|^cU| d`h vo|kj.k\fu;kstu%mˆs';] j.uhfr;k∑] fu;kstu ^f∂`;klaxBu d`juk] laxBu lajpuk] vkSipkfjd` ,oa

vukSipkfjd` laxBu] laxBukRed` laLÎ`fr\LVk√ d`ks j[ukusr~Ro d`juk%vfH^sj.k] usr~Ro] d`eSVh] lapkjfu;a(.fuxe fu;eu] O;kolkf;d` vkpkj-lafgrk

bd`kbZ–VI

foi.u ^cU|foi.u d`h vo|kj.k d`k fod`kl] foi.u d`h

vo|kj.k] foi.u lfEeJ.] foi.u d`k i;kZoj.\miHksDrk O;ogkj ds` ew¥rRo] cktkj-fo[≥Mhd`j.\mRikn lEcU|h fu.Z;\ewY;hd`j. lEcU|h fu.Z;\forj. lEcU|h fu.Z;\

( vii )

lao*Zu lEcU|h fu.Z;\foi.u fu;kstu] laxBuhd`j. ,oa fu;a(.\

bd`kbZ–VIIfo®h; ^cU|

iw∑th lajpuk] fo®h; ,oa d`k;Z lEcU|h m®ks¥d`æfDr\

iw∑th ¥kxr] iw∑th ct¯Vax\d`k;Zæh¥ iw∑th d`k ^cU|u\¥kHkaæ uhfr\

bd`kbZ–VIIIekuo lalk|u izcU|

vo|kj.k] ekuo lalk|u ^cU|d` d`h Hwfed`k ,oad`k;Z\

ekuo lalk|u fu;kstu] HrhZ ,oa p;u\^fæ”. ,oa fod`kl] m®jkf|d`kjh lEcU|h fu;kstu\”friwfrZ # etnwjh ,oa osru ^æklu] ^ksRlkgd` ,oa

vkapf¥d` lqfo|k,∑] gkSl¥k ,oa mRiknd`rk] fuÆiknuewY;kad`u\

Hkjr eÍ vkS»ksfxd` lEcU|] LokLF;] lqj”k] le~f*,oa lkekftd` cpko] ^cU| eÍ d`kfeZd`kÍ d`h lk>hnkjh\

bd`kbZ–IXc߯d`x ,oa fo®h; laLƒk,∑

c߯d`x d`k egRo] cßd`kÍ ds` ^d`kj ,oa muds` d`k;Z]Hkjrh; fjtoZ cßd`] ukckMZ (NABARD) ,oa xzkeh.c߯d`x\

Hkjr eÍ c߯d`x lsDVj eÍ lq|kj] xSj-fuÆiknd`lEif®;k∑ (NPA), iw∑th i;kZIrrk ds` ^le-eku\

bZ-c߯d`x\fod`kl c߯d`x%Hkjrh; vkS»ksfxd` fod`kl cßd`]

Hkjrh; vkS»ksfxd` fo® fuxe] jkT; fo®h; fuxe]Hkjrh; ;wfuV V_LV] Hkjrh; ¥?q m»ksx fod`kl cßd`\

bd`kbZ–XvUrjkZÆV_h; O;olk;

vUrjkZÆV_h; O;olk; ds` lS*kfUrd` vk|kj] Hqxrkud`k voæs"\

vUrjkZÆV_h; rj¥rk] vUrjkZÆV_h; vkfƒZd` laLƒk,∑%vUrjkZÆV_h; ekSfêd` fuf|] fo'o cßd`] vUrjkZÆV_h; fo®h;fuxe] vUrjkZÆV_h; fod`kl ,tsUlh] ,fæ;kbZ fod`kl cßd`\

fo'o O;kikj laxBu%blds` d`k;Z ,oa uhfr;k∑\Hkjr ds` fonsæ O;kikj d`h lajpuk% jpuk o

fnæk] fu;kZr ,oa vk;kr cßd`] Hkjr d`h fu;kZr ,oavk;kr uhfr] fonsæ O;kikj d`k fu;eu ,oa lao*Zu\

^'u-i(–III (B)

·,sfPNd`/oSd`fYid`‚

,sfPNd`–I¥s[kad`u ,oa fo®

Hkjr eÍ ¥s[kad`u ds` ekud`] eqêk-L√hfr ¥s[kad`u]ekuoh; lalk|u ¥s[kad`u] m®jnkf;Ro ¥s[kad`u]lkekftd` ¥s[kad`u\

ekSfêd` ,oa iw∑th cktkj] Hkjr eÍ LVkWd` ,DlpÍtkÍd`k d`k;Z lapk¥u] jkÆV_h; LVkWd` ,DlpÍt (NSE),OTCEI, NASDAQ, O;qRiUu ,oa fod`Yi\

fou;eud`kjh vf|d`j. # SEBI, oxhZd`j.d`kjhvfHd`rkZ] uohu ;a( # GDRs, ADRs.

tksf[e iw∑th fuf|;k∑] fo¥;u ,oa lEif® vftZ;u]E;wpqv¥ √≥M ·ikjLifjd` fuf|;k∑‚] i±snkjh-lEcU|hfo®] vkÈ<r ·œS`DV¯jx‚] tksf[e d`k ekiu] tksf[e ls¥kHktZu ,oa ^frHwfr;kÍ ,oa iksVZ √ksf¥;ks ¥kHktZu ls¥s[kad`u ,oa fo® eÍ d`EI;wVj mi;ksx\

,sfPNd`–IIfoi.u

foi.u ds` d`k;Z] vo|kj.k,∑ ,oa ;a(] foi.ui;kZoj.\

miHksDrk O;ogkj ,oa cktkj fo[≥Mhd`j.\

mRikn lEcU|h fu.Z;\

ewY;hd`j. lEcU|h fu.Z;\

forj. lEcU|h fu.Z;\

lao*Zu lEcU|h fu.Z;\

foi.u æks|\

^R;” ·vkWu-¥kbu‚ foi.u\

Hkjr eÍ foi.u ds` lkekftd`] uSfrd` ,oa d`kuwuhig¥w\

,sfPNd`–III

ekuo lalk|u ^cU|

vo|kj.k] ekuo lalk|u ^cU|d` d`h Hwfed`k ,oad`k;Z\

ekuo lalk|u fu;kstu] d`k;Z fo'¥s".] d`k;Zfooj. ,oa fufnZÆVhd`j.] d`k;Z fo'¥s". lEcU|h lwpukds` mi;ksx] HrhZ ,oa p;u\

^fæ”. ,oa fod`kl] m®jkf|d`kjh lEcU|h fu;kstu\

( viii )

”friwfrZ] etnwjh ,oa osru ^æklu] ^ksRlkgd` ,oavkapf¥d` lqfo|k,∑] gkSl¥k ,oa mRiknd`rk\

fuÆiknu ewY;kad`u\

Hkjr eÍ vkS»ksfxd` lEcU|] LokLF;] lqj”k] le~f*,oa lkekftd` cpko] ^cU| eÍ d`kfeZd`kÍ d`h lk>hnkjh\

,sfPNd`–IV

vUrjkZÆV_h; O;olk;

fonsæh ^R;” fofu;ksx ,oa cgqjkÆV_h; d`Eifu;k∑%MNC laLÎ`fr] MNCs ,oa d`e-fod`flr nsæ] la;qDrtksf[e\

”s(h; vkfƒZd` ,d`hd`j. # SAARC, ASEAN,EC, NAFTA.

Hkjr ,oa fo'o O;kikj laxBu (WTO), ckSf*d`lEif® lEcU|h vf|d`kj\

fonsæh fofue; # fofue; nj jpuk] ;kaf(d`h]tksf[e ^cU|u] vUrjkZÆV_h; Hqxrku d`k gLrkarj.] :i,d`k fofue;] pk¥w ,oa iw∑thxr ¥s[k] eqˆs ,oa ifjn~';]O;qRiUu ,oa HfoÆ;-i(\

fonsæh O;kikj laLƒk,∑] ;a( # GDRs, ADRsFIIs—mud`h Hkjrh; iw∑th cktkj eÍ Hwfed`k\

,sfPNd`–Vvk;d`j d`kuwu ,oa d`j fu;kstu

ew¥Hwr vo|kj.k,∑] vkoklh; fLƒfr vkSj d`jvkiru] d`j ls NwV ok¥h vk;] fofHUu enkÍ eÍ d`j ;ksX;vk; d`k vkd`¥u\

O;fDr;kÍ vkSj √eksÛ d`h d`j ;ksX; vk; d`k vkd`¥u\

d`j eÍ d`VkSrh] ^R;kxeu d`k ^Lrqrhd`j.] d`j fu|kZj.ds` ^d`kj] vogs¥uk,∑ vkSj n≥M\

d`j fu;kstu # vo|kj.k] d`j ;kstuk d`k egRovkSj leL;k,∑] d`j pksjh vkSj d`j fujkd`j.] d`jfu;kstu d`h fof|;k∑\

fofæÆV O;kolkf;d` fu.Z;kÍ eÍ d`j-lEcU|h foospu #fufeZr d`juk cuke ∂`; d`juk] LokfeRo cuke fd`jk, ij¥suk] cuk, j[uk cuke iquLƒkZfir d`juk] fu;kZr d`jukcuke ?js¥w fo∂`;] cU| d`j nsuk cuke lekiu]foLrkjhd`j. cuke ladq`pu] fuosæ cuke fofuosæ\

vk;d`j vkSj d`j fu;kstu eÍ d`EI;wVj d`k mi;ksx\

;wthlh&usV okf.kT;–II (J–16) | 1

okf.kT;;wthlh&usV@ tsvkj,iQ ijh{kk

(tqykbZ 2016)dk gy iz'u&i=k

;wthlh&usV okf.kT;–II (J–16) | 3

tqykbZ 2016

okf.kT;(f}rh; iz'u&i=k)

owQV %

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 3 1 2 4

(C) 4 3 1 2

(D) 2 1 4 3

3. v/lajpukvksa osQ fodkl dks /hek djus osQ fy,fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulk ?kVd izR;{k :i ls ftEesnkjugha gS \(A) mPpLrjh; vuwHkwr jktuhfrd tksf[ke(B) mPpLrjh; Mwch gqbZ ykxr(C) le; ,oa ykxr o`f¼ dh mPp lEHkkouk(D) lHkh {ks=kksa esa izfrLi/kZ dk izkjEHk

4. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu ldy ?kjsyw mRikn (Gross

Domestic Product) dk ,d eq[; vax ugha gS \(A) O;fDrxr miHkksx [kpZ(B) ldy futh ?kjsyw fofu;ksx(C) 'kq¼ O;fDrxr vk;(D) 'kq¼ fu;kZr

5. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu miHkksDrk fookn (Con-

sumer Dispute) fuokj.k O;oLFkk dk ,d eap ughagS \(A) LFkkuh; eap(B) ftykLrjh; eap(C) jkT;Lrjh; eap (jkT; vk;ksx)(D) jk"Vªh; vk;ksx

6. ,Dl fyfeVsM us okbZ fyfeVsM osQ 70 izfr'kr va'kksadks ` 1,00,000 esa Ø; fd;k- okbZ fyfeVsM dh va'k

1. fuEufyf[kr vfHkdFku (A) ,oa roZQ (R) okys dFkuksagsrq fn, x, fodYiksa ls lgh owQV dks bafxr dhft,–

vfHkdFku (A) : mnkjhdj.k dk rkRi;Z foHkkxh; miØeksa,oa lkoZtfud miØeksa osQ fuxehdj.k ls gS-

roZQ (R) : lkoZtfud {ks=k osQ miØeksa dks iw¡th cktkjesa tkus dh Lora=krk-

owQV %

(A) (A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk (A) dh lghO;k[;k (R) djrk gS

(B) (A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lgh gSa] ijUrq (A) dh lghO;k[;k (R) ugha gS

(C) (A) lgh gS] ijUrq (R) xyr gS

(D) (A) xyr gS] ijUrq (R) lgh gS

2. lwph–I ,oa lwph–II dh enksa dks lqesfyr dhft, ,oalgh owQV bafxr dhft,–

lwph–I

(a) jktdks"kh; uhfr(b) rduhdh uhfr(c) lef"V vkfFkZd uhfr(d) ekSfnzd uhfrlwph–II

1. jk"Vªh; [krjksa dks ?kVkuk2. Hkqxrku larqyu3. jktdks"kh; la?kokn4. eqnzkLiQhfr

funsZ'k–bl iz'u&i=k esa ipkl (50) cgqfodYih;iz'u gSa- izR;sd iz'u osQ nks (2) vad gSa- lHkh iz'uvfuok;Z gSa-

4 | ;wthlh&usV okf.kT;–II (J–16)

iw¡th ` 70,000 rFkk lafpr ykHk ` 90,000 osQ Fks-,dhÑr fpV~Bs esa vYier fgr dh jkf'k gksxh–(A) ` 25,000 (B) ` 70,000

(C) ` 1,00,000 (D) ` 40,000

7. lwph–I dh enksa dks lwph–II dh enksa ls lqesfyr dhft,,oa lgh owQV bafxr dhft,–

lwph-I(a) Í.klerk vuqikr(b) LokfeRo vuqikr(c) C;kt vkoj.k vuqikr(d) iw¡th nfUrdj.k vuqikr

lwph-II

1.C;kt ,oa djksa osQ iwoZ 'kq¼ ykHkyEch vof/ okys ½.kksa ij C;kt

2.+

+

lerk va'k iw¡th lap;iwokZf/dkj va'k iw¡th C;kt/kfjr foÙk

3.yEch vof/ oky s Í.k

v'a k/kjh dk"s k

4.va'k/kjh dks"koQq y lEifÙk;k¡

owQV %

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 3 4 1 2

(C) 3 4 2 1

(D) 2 3 4 1

8. jke vkSj ';ke ,d iQeZ esa lk>snkj gSa ftudh iw¡thØe'k% ` 4,80,000 ,oa ` 3,10,000 gS- mUgksausykHk&gkfu esa 1/4 fgLls osQ lkFk x.ks'k dks ,dlk>snkj osQ :i esa izos'k fn;k- x.ks'k }kjk 3,00,000

iw¡th osQ :i esa yk, x,- x.ks'k osQ fgLls dh [;kfrgksxh–(A) ` 1,10,000 (B) ` 27,500

(C) ` 17,500 (D) ` 70,000

9. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulk ,d LFkfxr vk;xr O;;(Revenue Expenditure) gS \(A) Hkwfe osQ Ø; ij fd;k x;k dkuwuh O;;

(B) ,d u, mRikn dks cktkj esa ys vkus osQ le;fdlh cM+s foKkiu vfHk;ku ij fd;k x;k O;;

(C) ubZ e'khu dh LFkkiuk ij fd;k x;k O;;(D) Hkou esa ,d vfrfjDr dejs osQ fuekZ.k esa

Hkqxrku dh xbZ etnwjh

10. ykHk&gkfu [kkrs esa izHkkfjr ßkl dh jkf'k izfr o"kZcnyrh jgrh gS–(A) LFkk;h fd'r (Fixed Instalment) i¼fr esa(B) ok£"kdh (Annuity) i¼fr esa(C) Øekxr ßkl i¼fr esa(D) chek ikWfylh i¼fr esa

11. miHkksDrk O;ogkj dk Øeokpd mi;ksfxrk fo'ys"k.kx.kukokpd mi;ksfxrk fo'ys"k.k ls Js"B ekuk tkrkgS] eq[;r–

(A) miHkksDrk O;ogkj (Consumer’s Behaviour)osQ foosdiw.kZ gksus dh ekU;rk osQ dkj.k

(B) miHkksDrk dh ek¡x osQ O;qRifÙk dh lEHkkouk osQdkj.k

(C) ewY; izHkko osQ vk; izHkko o izfrLFkkiu izHkko esafoHkktu osQ dkj.k

(D) miHkksDrk dh ek¡x dh larqf"V gsrq miyC/ lhferlk/uksa ij fopkj osQ dkj.k

12. fuEufyf[kr vfHkdFku (A) ,oa roZQ (R) osQ dFkuksa osQfy, fn, x, fodYiksa esa ls lgh owQV bafxr dhft,–

vfHkdFku (A) : ewY; esa deh lkekU;r% oLrq osQ fy,ek¡x esa o`f¼ djrh gS-roZQ (R) : ewY; esa deh ls cktkj esa oLrq osQ u,ozsQrkvksa dk izos'k gksrk gS-owQV %(A) (A) lgh gS] fdUrq (R) lgh ugha gS(B) (A) lgh ugha gS] fdUrq (R) lgh gS(C) (A) ,oa (R) nksuksa lgh gSa ,oa (R), (A) dh iw.kZ

O;k[;k nsrk gS(D) (A) ,oa (R) nksuksa lgh gSa] fdUrq (R), (A) dh iw.kZ

O;k[;k ugha nsrk gS

13. U;wure nh?kZdkyhu vkSlr ykxr (Long Run Aver-age Cost) fu/kZfjr dh tk ldrh gS–1. lkekU; mRiknu iQyu osQ nh?kZdkyhu vkSlr

ykxr oØ ij

;wthlh&usV okf.kT;–II (J–16) | 5

2. js[kh; mRiknu iQyu osQ nh?kZdkyhu vkSlr ykxroØ ij

3. fu;kstu oØ ij4. fyiQkiQk oØ ijowQV %

(A) 1, 2, 3 (B) 2, 3, 4(C) 1, 3, 4 (D) 1, 2, 4

14. lekt dh n`f"V ls ,dkf/dkj eq[;r% vokaNuh; ekuktkrk gS] D;ksafd ,dkf/dkjh iz;kl djrk gS–(A) mRiknu ykxrfoghu oLrqvksa dks lfEefyr djrs

gq, lHkh oLrqvksa osQ foØ; ij 'kq¼ vkxr dekusdk

(B) vYidky rFkk nh?kZdky nksuksa esa oLrqvksa osQfoØ; ij 'kq¼ vkxe dekus dk

(C) fofHkUu oxks± osQ ozsQrkvksa ls ,d gh mRikn osQ fy,fofHkUu ewY;ksa dks ysus dk

(D) vkfFkZd {kerk Lrj ls de mRiknu djus dk tcog lkekU; ykHk ls gh lUrqf"V iznf'kZr djrk gS

15. mRikn Js.kh ewY;u j.kuhfr fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlla;kstu dks lfEefyr djrh gS \1. lkoZtfud mi;ksfxrk ewY;u2. iwjd oLrq ewY;u3. dyiqtks± dk ewY;u4. Hkkj ?kVd ewY;uowQV %(A) 1, 2, 3 (B) 2, 3, 4(C) 1, 2, 4 (D) 1, 3, 4

16. ;fn leadksa dk oxhZdj.k osQoy o.kZukRed fo'ks"krk,aftls ekik ugha tk ldrk gS] osQ vk/kj ij fd;k tkrkgS] rks mls dgrs gSa–(A) HkkSxksfyd (Geographical) oxhZdj.k(B) dkyØekRed (Chronological) oxhZdj.k(C) xq.kkRed (Qualitative) oxhZdj.k(D) ek=kkRed (Quantitative) oxhZdj.k

17. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulk o.kZu xyr gS \(A) fdlh lk/kj.k vlefer forj.k esa dkyZ ih;jlu

}kjk lq>k, x, ekè;] cgqyd vkSj ekfè;dk osQchp dk vkuqHkfod lEcU/ gksrk gSekè; – cgqyd = 3 (ekè; – ekfè;dk)

(B) ifjorZu dk xq.kkad foltZu dk fujis{k eki gksrk gS(C) lead lsV esa fo"kerk dk eki la[;kRed ewY;

osQ forj.k esa fo"kerk dh fn'kk vkSj lhek dklaosQrd gS

(D) oqQVksZfll ,d vkofÙk oØ osQ cgqyd osQ {ks=k dkpiVkiu vFkok f'k[kjrk dh ek=kk dks n'kkZrk gS

18. lwph–I osQ enksa dk lwph–II osQ enksa osQ lkFk feykudhft, ,oa lgh feyku dk owQV crkb,–

lwph-I(a) fu/kZj.k dk xq.kkad(b) Lih;jeSu dk Øekad lglEcU/ xq.kkad(c) x py dk y py ij lekJ;.k xq.kkad(d) dkyZ ih;jlu }kjk izfrikfnr γ x.kuk dk lw=k

lwph-II

1.x

xy y

σγ σ 2.

2

2

61 –

( – 1)

d

n n

Σ

3.σ σx y

xy

n

Σ

4. γ 2

owQV %(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 1 4 2 3(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 3 2 4 1

19. dFku&I . tc 'kwU; ifjdYiuk lgh gks] ijUrqifjdYiuk&ijh{k.k bls jn~n djrk gS] rks mls ifjdYiukijh{k.k esa chVk izdkj oQh Hkwy dgk tkrk gS-II . dkbZ&LDok;j ijh{k.k lEiw.kZr;k vifjekfid ijh{k.kgS-ow~QV %

(A) I vkSj II nksuksa dFku lgh gSa(B) I vkSj II nksuksa dFku xyr gSa(C) dFku I lgh gS] ijUrq dFku II xyr gS(D) dFku I xyr gS] ijUrq dFku II lgh gS

20. dEI;wVlZ tks leadksa dks vlrr~ laosQr osQ :i esatkurk gS] mls dgrs gSa–(A) ,ukykWx (Analog) dEI;wVj(B) fMftVy (Digital) dEI;wVj

6 | ;wthlh&usV okf.kT;–II (J–16)

(C) gkbfczM (Hybrid) dEI;wVj(D) lqij (Super) dEI;wVj

21. gcZVZ lkbeu dh iz'kklfud O;fDr (AdministrativeMan) dh vo/kj.kk ekurh gS fd–

1. og fu.kZ; ysus esa vf/dre mikxe osQ ctk;larks"kdkjd mikxe j[krk gS-

2. og lHkh lEHko fodYiksa dk fu/kZj.k fd, fcukfu.kZ; ys ldrk gS-

3. og fu.kZ; ysus esa iw.kZr% roZQ;qDr gksrk gS-

owQV %(A) osQoy 1 (B) osQoy 2(C) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (D) 1, 2 vkSj 3

22. isQ;ksy }kjk izfrikfnr inkf/dkjh lEioZQ Üka[kyk fl¼kUrosQ lEcU/ esa fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulk dFku lgh gS \(1) Åij ;k uhps tkus okyk izR;sd lEisz"k.k js[kh;

izkf/dkjh esa izR;sd fLFkfr osQ ekè;e ls izokfgrgksuk pkfg,-

(2) fdlh Hkh ifjfLFkfr esa lEizs"k.k dh Üka[kyk ugharksM+h tk ldrh gS-

owQV %(A) osQoy 1 lgh gS(B) osQoy 2 lgh gS(C) 1 vkSj 2 dksbZ Hkh lgh ugha gSa(D) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa lgh gSa

23. fe'ku dFku gksuk pkfg,–

1. Lor% Li"V (Self-Explanatory)

2. foLr`r (Elaborative)

3. fof'k"V (Distinctive)

4. O;ogk;Z (Feasible)

owQV %(A) osQoy 1 (B) 1 vkSj 2(C) 1, 2 vkSj 3 (D) 1, 3 vkSj 4

24. lwph–I vkSj lwph–II dks lqesfyr dhft, ,oa lgh owQVbafxr dhft,–

lwph-I(a) bfDoVh (lerk) fl¼kUr(b) ozwe dk fl¼kUr(c) iksVZj vkSj ykyj dk izfreku(d) g”kZcxZ dk fl¼kUr

lwph-II1. vfHkizsj.kk vius vkSj nwljksa osQ fuos'k vkSj ifj.kke

osQ vuqikr ij fuHkZj djrh gS2. yksx ml lhek rd y{; izkIr djus osQ fy,

vfHkizsfjr gksrs gSa] ftl lhek rd os ;g vis{kkdjrs gSa fd dfri; dk;Z mUgsa y{; rd igq¡pusesa lgk;d gksxk

3. vfHkizsj.kk] dk;Z&fu"iknu vkSj larqf"V osQ chptfVy lEcU/ gksrk gS

4. ,slk pqukSrhiw.kZ dk;Z deZpkfj;ksa dks vfHkizsfjrdjsxk] ftlesa miyfC/] ekU;rk nkf;Ro vkSjlao`f¼ osQ volj gksa

owQV %(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 2 1 3 4

(C) 3 2 1 4

(D) 1 3 2 4

25. fuEufyf[kr vfHkdFku (A) ,oa roZQ (R) osQ dFkuksa osQfy, fn, x, fodYiksa esa ls lgh owQV bafxr dhft,–

vfHkdFku (A) : vaxwjhyrk (Grapevine) ifjorZu]mÙkstuk] nq 'prk vkSj fxjkoV okyh vkfFkZd fLFkfrdh vof/ osQ nkSjku vf/d lfØ; gks tk,xh-roZQ (R) : deZpkjh bl lEizs"k.k dk mi;ksx] egRoiw.kZlwpuk osQ vUrj dks iwjk djus vkSj izca/d&oxZ osQfu.kZ; dks Li"V djus osQ fy, djrs gSa-owQV %

(A) (A) lgh gS vkSj (R) xyr gS(B) (A) xyr gS vkSj (R) lgh gS(C) (A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lgh gSa vkSj (R), (A) dh

O;k[;k gS(D) (A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lgh gSa] ysfdu (R), (A) dh

O;k[;k ugha djrk gS

26. izfrLi/kZRed ykHk izkIr djus osQ fy, ,d iQeZ viusforj.k O;kfIr] fo'ks"krk ,oa dk;Z&fu"iknu dks rS;kjdjus osQ fy, fdl izdkj osQ foHksnhdj.k dk mi;ksxdjrh gS \(A) Üka[kyk (Channel) foHksnhdj.k(B) lsok (Services) foHksnhdj.k

;wthlh&usV okf.kT;–II (J–16) | 7

(C) O;fDr (People) foHksnhdj.k(D) mRikn (Product) foHksnhdj.k

27. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulk foi.ku j.kuhfr dk lclsvf/d lEHkkfor ifj.kke gksrk gS] tks lHkh lEHkkforxzkgdksa dh lsok djus dk iz;kl djrk gS \(A) lHkh xzkgd vkuafnr gksaxs(B) xzkgd dfYir ewY; esa o`f¼ gksxh(C) dEiuh dks vfoi.ku vfHk;ku lfgr vuqorhZ

dkjZokbZ djuh gksxh(D) lHkh xzkgd larq"V ugha gksaxs

28. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulk ekbdy iksVZj dh ewY;Üka[kyk (Value Chain) dk izkFkfed fØ;kdyki ughagS \(A) var%caf/r laHkkj (B) dk;Zdyki(C) ckácaf/r laHkkj (D) izki.k

29. fdlh ijh{k.k midj.k dks ckjEckj iz;ksx djus ijifj.kke dh vuq:irk dks fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSun'kkZrk gS \(A) oS/rk (B) fo'oluh;rk(C) lkis{krk (D) laosnu'khyrk

30. fuEufyf[kr vfHkdFku (A) ,oa roZQ (R) okys dFkuksaosQ fy, fn, x, fodYiksa esa ls lgh owQV p;u dhft,–

vfHkdFku (A) : vusd mn~nhid ,d O;fDr dks mulaosnukvksa osQ izfr xzkgh; cuk nsrs gSa- laosnukRedvuqowQyu vusd foKkiudrkZvksa osQ fy, ,d leL;kgS] ftlosQ dkj.k og vius foKkiu vfHk;ku dksfujUrj cnyrs jgus dk iz;kl djrs gSa-roZQ (R) : foKkiu dh HkhM+ dks phjus osQ fy, rFkkmiHkksDrk }kjk foKkiu osQ izfrca/ dks lqfuf'pr djusosQ fy, foi.kudrkZ laosnukRed lkexzh dks c<+kok nsusdk iz;kl djrs gSa-owQV %

(A) (A) lgh gS] (R) xyr gS(B) (A) xyr gS] (R) lgh gS(C) (A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lgh gSa] ysfdu (R), (A) dh

lgh O;k[;k ugha gS(D) (A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lgh gSa vkSj (R), (A) dh lgh

O;k[;k gS

31. iquvZnk;xh le;kof/ dh fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulhfo'ks"krk ugha gS \(A) ;g ljy :i esa ykxr iquizkZfIr dh jhfr gS u

fd ykHknk;drk dh(B) ;g eqnzk osQ le; ewY; ij fopkj ugha djrh gS(C) ;g ifj;kstuk ls lEc¼ tksf[ke ij fopkj ugha

djrh gS(D) bldh x.kuk vR;Ur dfBu gS

32. Hkkoh xzkgdksa dh lk[k lwpuk osQ fy, fuEufyf[kr esals dkSulk lzksr ugha gS \(A) lk[k&i=k (Letter of Credit)

(B) cSad lanHkZ (Bank Reference)

(C) O;kikfjd iwNrkN (Trade Enquiry)

(D) lk[k C;wjks (Credit Bureau)

33. miktZu dk Hkkx tks va'k/kfj;ksa esa ykHkka'k osQ :i esaforfjr fd;k tkrk gS] mls dgk tkrk gS–(A) LokfeRo vuqikr(B) miktZu&vtZu vuqikr(C) Hkqxrku (is&vkmV) vuqikr(D) izfr/kj.k vuqikr

34. iQeks± }kjk LdU/ j[kus osQ iz;kstu osQ lEcU/ esa lghowQV dk p;u dhft,–

1. ysunsu iz;kstu2. i;kZoj.kh; iz;kstu3. lko/kuh ;k iwoksZik; iz;kstu4. lV~Vsckth iz;kstu5. izfrLi/kZRed iz;kstu

owQV %(A) 1, 2, 3, 4 (B) 1, 2, 4, 5

(C) 1, 4, 5 (D) 1, 3, 435. fuEufyf[kr lw=kksa esa ls dkSulk ifjpkyu yhojst

(Leverage) ls lEcfU/r gS \

(A)v'a knku

ifjpkyu ykHk

(B)–foØ; py ykxr

C;kt ,oa dj ls iwoZ dh vk;

(C)bZchvkbZVh esa izfr'kr ifjorZufoØ; esa izfr'kr ifjorZu

(D) mi;qZDr lHkh

UGC NET/JRF/SET ( -II & III)

Publisher : Upkar Prakashan ISBN : 9789350135778Author : Dr. O. P. Sharma,Dr. D. K. Sharma & D. D. K.Sharma

Type the URL : http://www.kopykitab.com/product/11293

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