MEXICO

DAY- CARE CENTERS FEDERAL DAY- CARE CENTERS FEDERAL PROGRAM PROGRAM

MINISTRY OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT MINISTRY OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT (SEDESOL)(SEDESOL)

January 2008

WORLD BANK - MEXICOWORLD BANK - MEXICO

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Women’s participation in the labor market, currently represents 41% of the active economic population, therefore the importance of gender focused services that provide harmony between work and family life, and improve the living standard of both women and their children.

In Mexico, according to the National Employment Survey (1Q 2006), there are 3.5 million households with a six minimum wages income. In these households, there are children between 1 and 4 years old without day-care services provided by national social security institutions.

DAY-CARE CENTERS FOR A NEW GENERATIONDAY-CARE CENTERS FOR A NEW GENERATION

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The Day-Care Centers Program began on January 11th 2007 and its main goal is :

To reduce the vulnerability of households with children between 1 and 3.11 years old, in which the mother or single father is currently working, looking for a job, or studying; all of whom are in poverty conditions.

DAY-CARE CENTERS FOR A NEW GENERATIONDAY-CARE CENTERS FOR A NEW GENERATION

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The Day-Care Centers seeks to:

Provide working parents a safe place for the care of their children.

Increase the supply of children day-care services.

DAY-CARE CENTERS FOR A NEW GENERATIONDAY-CARE CENTERS FOR A NEW GENERATION

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VARIETIES OF SUBSIDIESVARIETIES OF SUBSIDIES

It provides the head of the family with a monthly subsidy of up to US$ 64 (700 pesos) for each child between the age of 1 to 3 years and 11 months old1 to 3 years and 11 months old and from 1 to 5 years 1 to 5 years and 11 monthsand 11 months oldold if the child suffers from any type of disability.

The subsidy assigned to each beneficiary depends on the household’s economic income. This support is given directly to the person in charge of the day-care center.

The beneficiaries must also pay a fee set by the person in charge of the Day-Care Center under the concept of co-responsibility.

Support for working mothers and single parentsSupport for working mothers and single parents

Types of Household Revenue Amount of Subsidy

Equal to, or less than, 4 Minimum Wages (MW)

US$ 64 ($ 700)

More than 4, or equal to, 5 MW US$ 60 ($ 600)

More than 5, or equal to, 6 MW US$ 41 ($ 450)

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Fomenting Day-Care ServicesFomenting Day-Care Services

It provides a subsidy of US$ 3,205 (35, 000 pesos) to individuals and associations who wish to create a Day-Care Center. The purpose of this subsidy is to prepare and equip the place where the Day-Care Center will provide its service.

Day-Care Center Network Affiliations Day-Care Center Network Affiliations

The program provides a subsidy of up to US$ 1,373 (15,000 pesos) to the persons in charge of already-existing Day-Care Centers to equip and prepare their centers.

VARIETIES OF SUBSIDIESVARIETIES OF SUBSIDIES

The total amount invested in the creation of a Day-Care Center averages US$ 4,888 (53,382 pesos), while the average Federal subsidy is US$ 2,981 (32,557 pesos).*

*Source: During September 2007, and on behalf of the DGPS, a survey was applied to 228 persons in charge of Day-Care Centers in the Federal Network by the firm GEA-ISA.

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The Program provides constant training to the people in charge of Day-Care Centers and their assistants. Two types of training are provided: Initial and Complementary. These trainings are compulsory for the people in charge of the Day-Care Centers.

TRAINING AND MONITORING SYSTEMTRAINING AND MONITORING SYSTEM

Initial Training Program

•The Program’s operation rules•Day-Care centers’ operation•Children’s health care •Childcare •Recreational activities

Complementary Training Program

•Nutrition•First Aid Assistance•Accident Prevention•Child Abuse•Personal hygiene and sphincter control •Games and Songs•Children’s characteristics (ages 1 to 4) •Didactic material elaboration•Corporal expression

The Program also has a permanent monitoring and supervision system. Its main objective is to insure that the Day-Care Centers’ operation system is functioning as established in the operational rules. Monitoring and supervision tasks are performed by the DIF (National System for Integral Family Development) through regular visits to the Day-Care Centers.

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TRAINING TOOLSTRAINING TOOLS

Resilient Tutor Profile.- It’s a psychological tool to evaluate the emotional coefficient of the solicitor, in other words the person’s capability to react before every day life’s adversities. This instrument helps to identify those solicitors with childcare vocation. (Julia Borbolla)

The Dignity Shield.- It’s an integral program that seeks to promote a protection and prevention culture against child abuse. (Julia Borbolla)

The Day-Care Institutional Dream.- A support training tool that describes the proper environment of a Day-Care Center: physical space (building), daily routine, hygiene processes, and the minimal endowment of materials and equipment (Proyecto DEI)

Training.- Seeks to improve the knowledge and skills In conceptual, organizational, methodological and operational aspects (Fundación de Apoyo Infantil (FAI), Save the Children).

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Persons in charge of the Day-Care CenterPersons in charge of the Day-Care Center

A survey applied in september 2007 to 228 Persons in charge of the day-care centers during September 2007 aimed to know the perception, satisfaction, and to identify possible challenges and strengths of the Program:

In average, these centers provide day-care services for 9 hours.

The average monthly salary of the day-care assistants is US$ 187 (2, 050 pesos)

20 % of the day-care center assistants are related to the persons in charge.

In a scale from 0 to 10, the average grade awarded to the Program by the people in charge of the day-care centers is: 9.3

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CO-RESPONSIBILITY FEECO-RESPONSIBILITY FEE

700

600

450

158

255

358

745

0 200 400 600 800

Subsidio $ 700

Subsidio $ 600

Subsidio $ 450

Sin subsidio

Apoyo Corresponsabilidad

$ 808

$ 855

$ 858

With out subsidy

$450 Subsidy

$600 Subsidy

$700 Subsidy

Subsidy Co-responsibility Contribution

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EXPERIENCEEXPERIENCE

86.4% of the people in charge of the day-care centers state that they have previous experience in childcare.

76.8% of the day-care center’s assistants affirm to have previous experience in childcare.

Porcentaje de ejecutoras con experiencia previa en el cuidado de los niños

86.4

13.6

Con experiencia Sin experiencia

People in charge of day-care center with previous experience in childcare

With experience

Without experience

Porcentaje de asisitentes con experiencia previa en el cuidado de los niños

76.8

23.2

Con experiencia Sin experiencia

Assistants of day-care center with previous experience in childcare

With experience

Without experience

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NUMBER OF WORKERSNUMBER OF WORKERS

63% of the day-care centers employ between 3 and 5 workers (including the person in charge).

7.9

25.4 24.1

13.2

17.1

12.3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

2 personas 3 personas 4 personas 5 personas 6 personas 7 o más2 persons 3 persons 4 persons 5 persons 6 persons +7 persons

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EDUCATIONEDUCATION

65% of the persons in charge of the day-care centers have a type of degree (bachelor, graduate, etc.)

1.83.98.89.2

14.018.4

41.2

05

101520253035404550

Profesional Carrera técnicacon

preparatoriaterminada

Preparatoria obachillerato

Carrera técnicao secundaria

terminada

Secundaria Maestría odoctorado

NormalBachelor Degree High-School Middle school P.h.D or Master Degree

Technical degree Technical

degree with middle school

Normal

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BENEFICIARIESCHARACTERISTICS OF THE BENEFICIARIES

According to a survey applied to 1,000 beneficiaries of the Program in the Subsidy Modality of Support to Mothers and Single Fathers; aimed to know their perception, satisfaction, as well as to detect changes that occurred after their incorporation to the Program:

97% of the beneficiaries of the Program are women.

The average age of the beneficiaries is 28 years old: 80 % of them are between 20 and 35 years old, the absolute range fluctuates between 16 and 61 years old.

The average age of the children in the day-care centers is 2 years 4 months old.

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24 % of the beneficiaries mentioned that they are employed in their first job. 76 % of them stated that the main reason for which they hadn’t worked before is that they didn’t have a place to leave their children.

In average, the beneficiaries mentioned that their income increased by 6.6 % since they entered the program.

84.4 % of the beneficiaries currently working have a permanent job, whereas 15.6 % work for seasons or for a period less than six months.

BENEFICIARIESBENEFICIARIES

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BENEFICIARIESBENEFICIARIES

92% of the beneficiaries state they are satisfied with the working hours of the day-care centers.

Almost 98% of the beneficiaries state that they were satisfied with the location of the day-care centers.

99% of the beneficiaries state that the day-care center is a safe place to leave their children.

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BENEFICIARIES: Couple Status BENEFICIARIES: Couple Status

37% of the beneficiaries are single mothers.

Casada47.8%

Soltera26.6%

Unión libre15.7%

Separada7.7%

Divorciada1.8%

Viuda0.4%

Widow Divorced

Married

Single

“Common law marriage”

Separated

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BENEFICIARIES: EducationBENEFICIARIES: Education

• 11% Elementary;• 37% Middle School;• 34% High School, Technical degrees;• 17% Bachelor Degree.

Escolaridad de las beneficiarias

0.6%

16.8%

22.4%

10.8%

0.8%

36.6%

11.0%

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Primaria Secundaria Normal Básica Carrera Técnica Preparatoria Profesional PosgradoElementary High-School

PHD or Master Degree

Middle School

Technical degree

Bachelor degree

Normal

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BENEFICIARIES: ActivitiesBENEFICIARIES: Activities

Currently, 91% of the beneficiaries are working.

Trabaja86%

Busca trabajo

7%

Trabaja y estudia

5%

Estudia2%

Looking for a job

Work and Study

Work

Study

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BENEFICIARIES: OccupationBENEFICIARIES: Occupation

71% of the beneficiaries are employees.

3.6%

0.7%

1.8%

14.3%

70.8%

7.5%

1.0%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

Jornalero rural o peón de campo

Obrero

Empleado

Trabajador por cuenta propia

Patrón o empleador de un negocio

Trabajador en un negocio familiar

Comerciante Retailer

Employed in family business

Employer in business

Self-employed

Formal employee

Manual worker

Rural laborer

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BENEFICIARIES: WorkplaceBENEFICIARIES: Workplace

69%

4%

5%

5%

1%

2%

11%

3%

1%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

Local, oficina, taller establecimiento

En la vía pública: Puesto fijo

En la vía pública: Ambulante

Vendedor de casa en casa

Taxis

En obras de construcción, infraestructura, reparaciones

En la vivienda del socio(a) o patrón

En su vivienda

En el campo Agriculture in rural areas

At home

In the home of the employer

In the construction or infrastructure sectors

Taxi driver

Home-to-home salesman

Informal economical activity (street; fixed place)

Informal economical activity (street; no fixed spot)

Office or Workshop

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BENEFICIARIES: Social SecurityBENEFICIARIES: Social Security

60% of the beneficiaries don’t have social security service.

The remaining 40% has access to one of the three different types of social security services provided by the Government.

Out of this 40%:

- 76% don’t have day-care service. This means that only 1 out of 4 social security beneficiaries has access to the service provided by a day-care center.

- Out of the 24% that do have day care-service; 34% of the don’t use it because it is too far from their homes, 22% can’t access due to lack of space. This proves that there is a great deficit regarding this service.

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BENEFICIARIES: Day-Care Center’s LocationBENEFICIARIES: Day-Care Center’s Location

78% of the surveyed beneficiaries uses the day-care center which is nearest to their home; 14% use the day-care center nearest to their job.

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BENEFICIARIES: SatisfactionBENEFICIARIES: Satisfaction

99% of the beneficiaries are satisfied with the service received in the centers.

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BENEFICIARIES: The mother’s perceptionBENEFICIARIES: The mother’s perception

Nutrition (changes in weight, size, skin, coloration and hair)Has improved 77.9%

Remains the same 21.9%Has worsened 0.2%

Language Development (new words, phrases and expressions)Has improved 94.2%

Remains the same 5.6%Has worsened 0.2%

Motor Development (maintains his head upright by himself, follows an object with his eyes, crawls, gazes, runs, turns around, remains seated)

Has improved 90.8%Remains the same 9.1%Has worsened 0.1%

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BENEFICIARIES: The mother’s perceptionBENEFICIARIES: The mother’s perception

Independence and self-care (performs things by himself, solves small problems, asks for things, expresses his needs)

Has improved 94.8%Remains the same 4.9%Has worsened 0.3%

Social skills (relationships with grown-ups and children their age)Has improved 94.0%

Remains the same 5.7%Has worsened 0.3%

Emotional Health (personality and character development, mood)Has improved 90.8%

Remains the same 8.2%Has worsened 1.0%

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BENEFICIARIES: Changes in their conditionBENEFICIARIES: Changes in their condition

January 2007: Today:

29 out of every 100 beneficiaries didn’t have a job (in other words they assumed themselves as unemployed)

23 out of those 29 now have jobs.

3 out of every 100 beneficiaries studied.

2 out of those 3 beneficiaries continue studying, while the other one

now works.

68 out of every 100 beneficiaries worked.

Only 3 out of those 68 has lost their jobs.

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HOW ARE WE FARING?HOW ARE WE FARING?

During 2007…

5,504 day-care centers were created. Our initial goal was 3,000. 115,100 children entered the Program, benefiting 106,592 mothers. The initial goal was 60,000 children.

This represents 49% of the children that the current social security services (IMSS and ISSSTE) had in their day-care centers up until June 2007.

2007 applied Budget: 69 million USD

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GOALS FOR 2008GOALS FOR 2008

2,500 new day-care centers will be opened to reach 8,000 by the end of the year.

85,000 children will be incorporated, reaching 200,000 by the end of 2008.

2008 assigned budget: 132.6 million USD.

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CHALLENGESCHALLENGES

Greater coverage and focalization.

Reinforcement of training courses.

Increasing the supply without affecting the quality of the day-care centers, for which its essential to maintain a constant supervision.

Achieve the sustainability of the day-care centers.

Maintain a constant feedback from the mothers about the service provided by the day-care centers.

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Thank you Thank you