mesoscale organization of convection - mit opencourseware · 2020. 7. 9. · mesoscale convective...
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Mesoscale Organization of ConvectionMesoscale Organization of Convection
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Squall LineSquall Line• Is a set of individual intense thunderstorm cells
arranged in a line. • Thy occur along a boundary of unstable air –
e.g. a cold front. • Strong environmental wind shear causes the
updraft to be tilted and separated from thedowndraft.
• The dense cold air of the downdraft forms a ‘gust front’.
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Squall line from SpaceSquall line from Space
Image courtesy of http://cnls.lanl.gov.
http://cnls.lanl.gov
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This image has been removed due to copyright restrictions.
Please see: http://www.floridalightning.com/Hurricane_Wilma.html
http://www.floridalightning.com/Hurricane_Wilma.html
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This image has been removed due to copyright restrictions.
Please see similar images on: http://www.bom.gov.au/wa/sevwx/
http://www.bom.gov.au/wa/sevwx/
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Mesoscale ConvectiveMesoscale Convective ComplexComplex
• A Mesoscale Convective Complex iscomposed of multiple single-cell storms indifferent stages of development.
• The individual thunderstorms must supportthe formation of other convective cells
• In order to last a long time, a good supplyof moisture is required at low levels in teatmosphere.
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Infrared image of a mesoscale convectiveInfrared image of a mesoscale convective complex over Kansas, July 8 1997.complex over Kansas, July 8 1997.
This image has been removed due to copyright restrictions.
Please see similar images on: http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/misc/970708.html
http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/misc/970708.html
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TYPES OF THUNDERSTORMTYPES OF THUNDERSTORM
• SINGLE-CELL THUNDERSTORM
• MULTICELL THUNDERSTORM
• MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE C0MPLEX
• SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORM
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Non-equilibrium Convection
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SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORMSSUPERCELL THUNDERSTORMS
• SINGLE CELL THUNDERSTORM THAT
PRODUCES DANGEROUS WEATHER
• REQUIRES A VERY UNSTABLE ATMOSPHEREAND STRONG VERTICAL WIND SHEAR - BOTH SPEED AND DIRECTION
• UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE STRONG WIND SHEAR MUCH OF THE THUNDERSTORM ROTATES
• FAVORED IN THE SOUTHERN GREAT PLAINS IN THE SPRING
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Wind ShearWind ShearShear VectorShear Vector
HodographHodograph
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This image has been removed due to copyright restrictions.
Please see similar images on: http://www.bom.gov.au/wa/sevwx/
http://www.bom.gov.au/wa/sevwx/
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Visible image of a supercell thunderstormVisible image of a supercell thunderstorm
Image courtesy of NASA.
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InfraInfra--red image of a supercell thunderstormred image of a supercell thunderstorm
This image has been removed due to copyright restrictions.
Please see similar images on: http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/coriolis/hurricanearchives.html
http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/coriolis/hurricanearchives.html
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Supercell SkematicSupercell Skematic
This image has been removed due to copyright restrictions.
Please see: http://weather.cod.edu/sirvatka/tstorm.gif
http://weather.cod.edu/sirvatka/tstorm.gif
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This image has been removed due to copyright restrictions.
Please see similar image on: http://weatherfreaks.net/images/mesocyclone1.jpg
http://weatherfreaks.net/images/mesocyclone1.jpg
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Northeast
This image has been removed due to copyright restrictions.
Please see: http://earthstorm.mesonet.org/materials/graphics/SupercellSlice.gif
http://earthstorm.mesonet.org/materials/graphics/SupercellSlice.gif
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