mental health in adolescence
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Define mental health, mental healthproblems and mental disorder.
Describe the kind of mental disordersand other mental health problems thatadolescent face
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Identify ways by which by which mentalhealth problems in adolescents can be
recognized and assessed List ways of how service providers may
appropriately respond to and helpadolescent with mental health problems
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a state of well being characterized by
ones ability to function properly on
account of ones capacity to think
rationally, exhibit appropriate behavior,
and feel good about oneself
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A health phenomenon where the individual
is unable to function productively as a result
of a disturbance in rational thinking that
manifests itself in the way a person
behaves.
The problem may come in different forms
and may lead to emotional and thinkingdisturbance as a result of identity crisis,
learning problems, poverty or other causes
of stress
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A medically diagnosable illness that results
in significant impairment of ones cognitive,
affective or relational abilities and is
equivalent to mental illness
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Mild Moderate Severe
1. Usually short-lived; disappearsw/ resolution ofthe problem
2. Verbalizedworries
3. Temporarydisorientation
1. Needs medicalandpsychologicalintervention andmay take weeksto resolve
2. May be due toshock from an
extremelyunpleasantexperience
1. Needs psychiatricinterventions andlonger time toresolve
2. Manifested indeviations it maylead topersonality
deterioration
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internalizing problems
externalizing problems
school attendance problem andunderachievement
suicidal thoughts
identity problem
mental disorders
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may come saying that they are frightened, worriedor feeling very miserable
may say that their thinking is not right and they
cannot study properly may be brought because they are behaving
aggressively or strangely, or may have tried toharm themselves
may be saying that they wish they were dead, oreven say they have thought of killing themselves.
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are often masked by ill-defines physical symptoms unexplained disorder which often does not make
medical sense and which often takes the youngperson to many different service providers andhealers looking for help
sleep problems or unexplained tiredness feeling their hearts pounding, dizziness, trembling
hands and sweating
headaches, eye aches, chest pains or abdominalpains poor appetite and loss of weight
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running away
signs that the young person has beenhaving unprotected sex
unwanted pregnancy
drug abuse or alcohol intoxication or theafter-effects of it
anxiety, depression
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The following questions may help theparents/teachers or counselors assess
whether to handle the situation on theirown or to seek the assistance of acompetent mental health professional.
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Does your child get easily rattled? Is she tense orhigh strung?
When things go wrong, does the child get upsetand nervous instead of thinking of a solution?
Does the child often complain of body pains ordiscomfort that never seem to go away?
Does the child have trouble making up his mind ormaking decisions
Does the child check on things over and overagain so that he ends up accomplishing nothing?
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Does the child play around with her foodbut consumes little?
Is the child on a diet all the time?
Does the child weigh herself several times aday?
Does the child take laxatives?
Does the child vomit or have the impulse to
vomit after meals? Is the childs menstrual period regular?
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Does the child have fiery temper? Does the child get annoyed when corrected or
when not given recognition after she has donesomething good?
Is the child easily irritated? When the child is mad, does she say nasty things?
Does she hurt herself or others physically? Does the child find it hard to stick to rules when
losing in a game? Is the child always where the action is or is healways at the center of the action?
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Is the childs grades declining?
Did the child change his set of friends?
Does the child receive phone calls thathe cant explain?
Has the child become careless aboutherself, her clothes, her things?
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Does the child indulge in high risk or sociallyinappropriate behavior such as: use of weapon
suicidal behavior risky driving preoccupation with cults stealing lying
cutting classes running away from home
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Does the child have trouble sleeping through thenight?
Has the childs appetite for food changed?
Does the child tire easily
Is the child bored or dissatisfied?
Is the child sad all the time ?
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Is the child discouraged about the future?
Does the child hate herself
Does the child blame herself for everything badthat happens?
Does the child feel that the world will be better offwithout him?
Source :
Parenting A Special Job for Ordinary People
By: Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists Association of the Philippines, Inc.
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Intensity of the problem: whether theadolescent is, for instance, so depressed
that he/she can hardly move or simplyvery sad
Duration of problem or symptom: beenpresent for many months or is recentoccurrence which may be transient
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Do not be afraid to probe for suicidalthoughts
Different ways of probing- if someone is miserable or sad ask Doyou sometimes feel that life is not worthliving?
- if answer is no , you can ask:
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Frequency: does the problem/symptom or
behavior occur everyday or only
occasionally
Is there a trend? Is the difficulty gradually
becoming worse, or does it appear to be
staying the same
Is it tied to a life event or some kind ofdifficulty, or has it apparently come out of
nowhere
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(a) Do you sometimes think
you might be better of dead
or
(b) have you ever thought of
ending your life?
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If answer is yes, you can ask:
(a) have you thought how you might
do it or (b) have you ever made any
preparation to harm yourself? or
(c) have you ever deliberately harmyourself or tried to kill yourself?
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Psychological approaches
Family Intervention including Counseling /Therapy
Helping those who are suicidal or who wantto harm themselves
Medication
Referral to a Specialist Facility Preventing Adolescent Mental Health
Problems
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Involve the young person in deciding the
nature of the help and the way it is given,
even if it involves taking medication
Get feedback from the adolescent; this
shows respect
Let them know that you are interested in
them as whole persons; do not just focus ona single symptom or behavior
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They need a confidential andwelcoming environment in which to talk;
this may mean giving them a chance tospeak privately
They need to feel that you are someonethey can trust
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Adolescence is a time when a lot of physical,mental and social changes are happening. Somefind it hard to cope with these changes, hencethey are particularly vulnerable to mental health
problems. There are various kinds of help that can be given to
adolescents with mental health problems whichmay require psychological, behavioral, andbiological approaches
Listening and giving friendly advice and support isone of the most important ways of helpingadolescents with mental health problems
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Service providers must always be alert to thepossibility that a physical complaint may bemasking a psychological problem
Expressions of suicide or self-harm must always be
taken seriously by the service providers What matters most in the healing process and
helping relationship is the trust between the youngperson and the service provider
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Supportive family, school and peer environment isvery crucial in the assessment and treatmentstages
Expressions of suicide or self-harm must always betaken seriously by the service providers
Source :Adolescent Health .. A Training Program for
Health and Non-Health Service ProvidersReproduced by World Health Organization
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Nothing you do for children is everwasted. They seem not to notice us,
hovering, averting their eyes, and theyseldom offer thanks, but what we do for
them is never wasted.
Garrison KeillorLeaving Home, Easter (1987)
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THANK YOU