Mediterranean EuropeSouthern Europe

Italy

Rome, capital of Italy

Republic A government in which citizens elect representatives to rule in their name.

Roman Forum

AqueductsStructure that carried water long distances.

Roman Roads

Julius Caesar Declared himself dictator for life in

44BC

Julius Caesar's bloody assassination on March 15, 44 B.C., forever marked March 15, or the Ides of March, as a day of infamy. It has fascinated scholars and writers ever since.

Roman Empire converts to Christianity with Emperor

Constantine in 330AD.

Vatican City

St. Peter's Basilica, is located within the Vatican City. St. Peter's Basilica has the largest interior of any Christian church in the world.

According to Catholic belief, Peter was the first Bishop of Rome, who, by virtue of his position as successor of St. Peter, is the chief pastor of the whole Church, the Vicar of Christ upon earth.[54] Although Peter never bore the title of "Pope", the Catholic Church recognizes him as the first Pope.[55] Therefore, they consider every pope to be Peter's successor and the rightful superior of all other bishops.

Pope Benedict 16th is the current Pope.

Naples

Mt Vesuvius 79 AD eruption

Milan, financial capital of Italy.

Venice

Crusades A series of wars to take Palestine from the

Muslims.

They left from Venice.

The Bubonic plague (Black Death)

Florence, birthplace of the Renaissance

RenaissanceA time of renewed interest in learning and the

arts.

Sicily

Home of the mob.

Sardinia

Madrid, capital of Spain

Barcelona

Balearic Islands

Portugal

Greece

Athens

City-StateIs a political unit made up of a city and its

surrounding lands.

Crete

Nationalism

• The belief that people should be loyal to their nation, the people with whom they share land, culture, and history

Cultural Crossroads

• A place where various cultures cross paths

Balkanization

• The process of a region breaking up into small, mutually hostile units

Satellite nations

• Nations dominated by another country

Ethic Cleansing

• The policy of trying to eliminate an ethnic group through violence