measuring ict for development post 2015 · 2013-05-14 · measuring ict for development post 2015...

Measuring ICT for Development Post 2015

Tomasz Janowski

Center for Electronic Governance

United Nations University IIST

[email protected]

WSIS FORUM 2013, MEASURING THE WSIS TARGETS, 14 MAY 2013 – 2 MEASURING ICT FOR DEVELOPMENT POST 2015

2010 UN General Assembly requests UN Secretary General (UNSG) to recommend how the UN development agenda can be advanced beyond 2015

2011 UNSG establishes UN System Task Team (UNSTT) on Post-2015 UN Development Agenda to coordinate system-wide preparations for the agenda

2012 UNSTT issues the report to the UNSG “Realizing the Future We Want for All” to act as a reference to guide the post-2015 discussion

2012 Global consultations are taking place through: a) national consultations, b) thematic consultations and c) global online conversation

2012 UNSG appoints the high-level panel to advice on the global development framework beyond 2015, and issue recommendations by May 2013

BACKGROUND


Explore four guiding questions:

1 Where is the current post-2015 development discussion?

2 What is the place of ICT in the post-2015 development discussion?

3 What is the role of measurement in the post-2015 development discussion?

4 What is the status and way forward for measuring ICT for post-2015 development?

AIM AND OVERVIEW


Emerging post-2015 Development Agenda

UN Thematic consultations National consultations

Lessons learnt Global challenges Vision Agenda Roadmap

Conflict and Fragility Education Energy Environmental Sustainability Food Security Governance Growth and Employment Health Inequalities Population Dynamics Water

83 countries including: o governments, o civil society, o the private sector, o media, universities o think tanks

Global online conversation

worldwewant2015.org MY World survey

POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT


What can we learn from MDGs?

Strengths

focusing on a limited number of concrete human development goals improved policy monitoring/accountability due to clear goals, targets and indicators promoting concrete action and making goals explicit in the national development policies

Weaknesses

focusing on the goals but not enough on the means of achieving them not accounting for local circumstances and differences in conditions between countries lack of consultation and ownership-building, leading to donor-driven agenda

POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT – LESSONS LEARNT


What are the key development challenges to which the post-2015 should respond?

Social – 1 billion of people are undernourished Social – 28% of the population is covered by social protection system Social – Income and wealth inequalities increase within and between countries Economic – 1 billion of people are international or internal migrants Economic – 1 billion of the world’s population lives in slums Economic – Financial, food and energy crises show interconnectedness of the world’s economy, etc. Environmental – Carbon dioxide emissions increased by 40% between 1990 and 2008 Environmental – The incidence of natural disasters increased five times since 1970s Security – 20% of the world’s population lives under violence, insecurity or fragility Security – Countries affected by violence of fragility did not achieve a single MDG Etc.

New development pathways are needed that encourage creativity and innovation in the pursuit of inclusive, equitable and sustainable growth and development.

POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT – CHALLENGES


POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT – VISION

What should be the vision for post-2015 development?


How should post-2015 development be carried out?

Post-2015 development should: o recognize the diversity of contexts within and among countries o not prescribe specific development policies but support priority setting o leave space for national policy design and adaptation to local settings o ensure high policy coherence at global, national and sub-national levels o rely on development enablers within and across dimensions o facilitate transformative change:

‒ in existing patterns of production and consumption, ‒ in management of natural resources and ‒ in mechanisms of governance

o etc.

POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT – AGENDA







AIM AND OVERVIEW


ICT as a challenge

Technology has the potential to “widen rather than narrow existing inequalities” Inequalities in access to ICT networks, education and technological progress […] remain vast

ICT a an opportunity

For the creation, transmission and dissemination of information For access to knowledge towards inclusive growth and employment creation For technological progress towards sustainable development and health improvements For greater knowledge sharing to induce changes to achieve food, nutrition and energy security For empowering people with information to monitor performance and hold institutions accountable

ICT as one technology among others

health, energy, agriculture, etc. technologies

ICT POST-2015


Technology as a change driver

Advancements in technology radically changed how people communicate, organize, learn and participate

Technology as a human right

Reduction of inequalities includes removing […] barriers in access to […] technology

Technology as energy consumer

The transition to low-carbon energy sources would need […] energy-efficient technologies

Technology as an enabler

Affordable access to technology and knowledge: o for inclusive social development: empowering people through information and technology o for environmental sustainability: technology transfer critical to sustainable development o for inclusive economic development: technology crucial for enabling transformative development

Technology as engagement mechanism

use technology to engage people the world over in taking the next development agenda forward

TECHNOLOGY POST-2015


TECHNOLOGY POST-2015







AIM AND OVERVIEW


Learning from MDGs

The success of the MDGs is due to their clarity, conciseness and measurability

MDGs put higher burden of achievement on countries with lower levels of development

MDGs allowed relative targets to be met while absolute numbers increased due to population growth

Measuring Post-2015 Development – Why

A framework of accountability: clear goals, time-bound quantitative targets, measurable indicators

Global measurable targets encourage all nations to accelerate progress

Applicability of global measures can be judged in country-specific contexts, considering initial conditions

MEASUREMENT POST-2015 – WHY


Measuring Post-2015 Development – What

Defining goals and targets to consider dependencies among economy, society, environment and security

Intermediate targets as quantitative goal posts to review global progress vis-à-vis longer-term goals

Measuring Post-2015 Development – How

Combination of absolute and relative targets for an all-inclusive agenda considering shifting demographics

Measuring inequalities and sustainability through qualitative indicators and data disaggregation

Disaggregation by: gender, age, geography, migrant status, rural-urban location, etc.

Such indicators will help assessment of policy effectiveness – understanding factors that impede progress

Monitoring the degree to which development progress is inclusive and sustainable

Monitoring the extent to which the needs of the vulnerable groups are being addressed

MEASUREMENT POST-2015 – WHAT AND HOW







AIM AND OVERVIEW


On the one hand:

ICT is mentioned but not introduced systematically in the post-2015 agenda

ICT is used among other technologies and in combination with knowledge and innovation

There is no mention of ICT or more generally technology measurement

WSIS process is mentioned by name but not by substance

On the other hand:

The agenda critically relies on measurement to track development progress

The agenda heavily relies on the capabilities that require ICT support

The process leading towards the post-2015 agenda heavily relies on ICT

Technology and knowledge are treated as one of development enablers

ICT is directly mentioned among three out of four development dimensions

ICT MEASUREMENT POST-2015 – STATUS


Introduce ICT to the post-2015 development agenda:

o as a standalone development enabler o in combination with other enablers:

‒ ICT-enabled social protection system ‒ ICT-enabled food security system ‒ ICT-enabled education ‒ ICT-enabled health, etc.

Institutionalize ICT in the post-2015 development agenda:

o Define basic characteristics of what constitutes a development enabler o Show under what conditions ICT constitutes a development enabler

Disseminate ICT across the post-2015 development agenda:

o Provide evidence on how ICT enables various dimensions of development o Provide evidence on how ICT supports cross-dimensional development e.g. sustainability o Provide evidence on how ICT enhances and facilitates other development enablers e.g. governance

Integrate the post-MDG and post-WSIS processes within the post-2015 development agenda...

ICT MEASUREMENT POST-2015 – WAY FORWARD


Given the importance of clear, measurable goals and development enablers in the post-2015 development agenda, measuring ICT remains a relevant and important task.

There is a need to link policy and statistician communities on ICT measurement.

One role of the Partnership on Measuring ICT for Development is to create this linkage.

ICT MEASUREMENT POST-2015 – WAY FORWARD

Thank you for listening

Tomasz Janowski

Center for Electronic Governance

United Nations University IIST

[email protected]

measuring ict for development post 2015 · 2013-05-14 · measuring ict for development post 2015...

Documents