measuring and reporting client outcomes: womens empowerment 1 2015 social performance task force...

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Measuring and Reporting Client Outcomes: Women’s Empowerment

2015 Social Performance Task Force Annual Meeting

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Agenda

Introductions Women’s World Banking Approach to Women’s

Empowerment Selecting & Using Indicators

Gender Performance Initiative Client Outcomes Survey

Group Brainstorm Break-Out Groups: Indicator Feasibility Discussion & Next Steps

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MATERIAL CHANGE:• Income• Resources• Basic needs• Earning capacity

COGNITIVE CHANGE• Knowledge• Skills• Awareness

PERCEPTUAL CHANGE:• Self-esteem• Self-confidence• Vision of future• Visibility and respect

RELATIONAL CHANGE:• Decision-making• Bargaining power• Participation• Self-reliance• Organizational strength

Women’s World Banking Approach to Women’s Empowerment

Martha A. Chen’s Empowerment Framework

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Marty Chen’s Empowerment and Jo Rowlands’ Power Relations Frameworks

Power over: changes in power relations within households, communities and at macro-level

Power to: increase in skills, abilities including earning an income, access to markets and networks

Power from within: individual changes in confidence and consciousness

Power with: organisation of the powerless to enhance individual abilities and\or ability to challenge and change power relations

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Definition of Empowerment – Naila Kabeer

Empowerment is defined as ‘the process by which women take control and ownership of their lives through expansion of their choices. Thus, it is the process of acquiring the ability to make strategic life choices in a context where this ability has previously been denied’.

According to Kabeer, changes in the ability to exercise choice can be thought of in terms of changes in three inter-related dimensions which make up choice: resources which form the conditions under which choices are made; agency which is at the heart of the process by which choices are made; and achievements, which are the outcomes of choices.

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Definition of Empowerment - ICRW

A woman is economically empowered when she has both the ability to succeed and advance economically and the power to make and act on economic decisions. • To succeed and advance economically, women need the skills and resources to compete in markets, as well as fair and equal access to economic institutions. • To have the power and agency to benefit from economic activities, women need to have the ability to make and act on decisions and control resources and profits.

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Women’s Empowerment Framework

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Women’s World Banking Experience: Selecting & Using Indicators

Gender Performance Initiative (GPI) Nigeria Client Outcomes Survey

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What is Gender Performance?With 79.6% of MFIs* claiming to target women, and over half declaring women’s empowerment or gender equality as an objective:

How can we hold ourselves accountable to the financial inclusion and empowerment principles we advocate?

How can we understand if financial institutions are serving women well?

Current gender indicators only tell part of the story…

* MIX FY2013 data

% women borrowers

% women staff

% women managers

% women board members

GPI Indicators












Gender Performance Initiative

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Develop Hypotheses

Identify Key Indicators

Conduct Pilots

Analyze Data

Finalize GPI Framework

Develop “Select Few”

Indicators

The Gender Performance Initiative aims to develop, monitor, and analyze more and better gender-based social and financial performance indicators in order to better understand how to serve women.

Why measure Gender Performance Indicators? Measure if we are meeting our mission/strategic goals Understand differences between men and women clients Inform design and delivery of products based on women’s needs. Determine drivers of risk and profitability, and make the business case for serving

women.












• Outreach• Product Design & Diversity• Service Quality• Client Protection

Gender Performance Indicator Classification

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• Board/Staff Diversity• Promotion & Retention

• Financial Outcomes• Social Outcomes

Client Institution

Outcomes

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Outcome Indicators

Economic Improvement Average percent change in net business

income or assets and/or average percent change in household income or assets, by gender

Self-Determination Percent of women who use their loan for

their own economic activity

Family Well-Being Percent of women clients with school-aged

children in school Percent women clients that show

improvement in housing conditions

Social Outcomes

At Ujjivan, analyzing loan usage by cycle showed that over time women clients shifted loan usage from business to family: housing and education were the most important priorities.

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Nigeria Client Outcomes Survey

Quantitative survey to evaluate client behavior and outcomes, including: Previous access to financial services Savings behavior and goals Business activity and use of credit Control over product use Household outcomes

Housing conditions Children’s education Health and nutrition

Sample size 1,125 (95% significance level)

75 clients per location 15 locations (of 100 activated

branches) 50% Female/50% Male Random selection Excludes clients with 0

transactions in last 6 months

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Women’s Empowerment Framework

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Dimension Category Sample Indicators

Material Change

Economic Improvement

Change in women’s business income/assetsChange in women’s household income/assets/expenditures% women below a defined poverty threshold

Family Well-Being

% women with school-aged children in school% women who experience improvements in housing conditions (own vs. rent, flooring/roofing material)% women who experience improvements in health/sanitation (ability to pay for medical treatment/medicine, main source of drinking water, type of toilet)

Cognitive Change Education % women who attend financial education programs

Perceptual Change

Giving Feedback % women with inquiries or complaints

Vision of Future % women with a savings goal

Role Models % women staff/managementWomen staff promotion rates

Relational Change

Self-Determination % women who use their loan for their own economic activity

Household Decision-Making

% women who participate in household purchase decisions

% women who participate in decisions around financial transactions (savings account deposits/withdrawals)% women who felt they needed their husband’s permission to take a loan

Community Participation % women who voted in most recent elections

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Brainstorm

How do you define empowerment? Are there elements of empowerment that are not represented here? How can these be measured?

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Break-Out Groups: Indicator Feasibility

Participants will break into 4 groups, with each assigned to one dimension of empowerment.

Each group will discuss the list of indicators in that dimension: Have you used any variations of these indicators? What has been your

experience? Is it possible to collect the data with accuracy? What are the best ways to collect this data (routine data collection,

occasional surveys, external studies)? Each group will rank each indicator on a scale from 1 to 5 in several

areas: Feasibility of collecting the data Usefulness for decision-making Ability to assess women’s empowerment Proven credibility (tested and ready for industry use)

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Discussion & Next Steps

Developing a Theory of Change Using/Testing the Indicators Sharing Learnings

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Empowerment FrameworkMATERIAL CHANGE:• Income: increased income and income security• Resources: increased access to, control over, and ownership of assets and income• Basic needs: increased or health care, child care, nutrition, education, housing, water supply, sanitation and

energy source• Earning capacity: increased employment opportunities plus ability to take advantage of these opportunities

PERCEPTUAL CHANGE:• Self-esteem: enhanced perception of own individuality, interest and value• Self-confidence: enhanced perception of own ability and capacities• Vision of future: increased ability to think ahead and plan for the future• Visibility and respect: increased recognition and respect

RELATIONAL CHANGE:• Decision-making: increased role in decision-making within the household and community• Bargaining power: increased bargaining power• Participation: increased participation in non-family groups, in local institutions, in local government, in political

process• Self-reliance: reduced dependence on intermediation by others for access to resources, markets, public

institutions plus increased ability and ability to act independently• Organizational strength: increased strength of local organizations and local leadership

measuring and reporting client outcomes: womens empowerment 1 2015 social performance task force...

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