meaning, thought and reality
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MEANING, THOUGHT and REALITY in children’s
speech.
Alline RodriguesCristiane GomesVanessa Carmo
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• Language?
• Sign’s System – Social part of communication (Saussure, 1969)
• Competence and Performance (Chomsky, 1957)
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Language Acquisition
• EMPIRICISM
1.Behaviorism: S – A – R2.Connectionism ; Imput
and Output
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Language Acquisition
• RATIONALISM
1.Innatism2.Constructivism
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Importance?
• Comprehend the learning proccess.
• Students’ difficulties.
• Planning classes.
• Language studies.
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Categorical concepts
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Semantic feature hypothesis (Clark, 1974)
• Perceptual features.• From general to specific.
» E.g.: dog – four legs, head, furry...has a tail, barks.
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Functional core hypothesis (Nelson, 1974)
• Objects seen as a whole.• Focus on instances, function.
»E. g.: doll – play with, cuddle it, feed it.
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Prototype theory (Rosch, 1973)
• Typical features.• Common characteristics.
»E.g.: A robin is a more typical bird than a penguin.
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Overextension and Underextension
• Overextension: broad use.»E.g.: Calling all four-legged animal a “dog”.
• Underxtension: restrict use.»E.g.: Calling only the family
dog a “dog”.
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“What are values?”
• “It’s the money you have to pay to buy something“
• Love.• Responsability.• Friendship.• Respect.
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“Give examples of opposites”:
• “Thin and skinny”• “Fat and skinny”• “Tall and short”• “Wake up and sleep”
• “Stand up and sit down”• “Full and empty”
• “A tree with apples and a tree with no apples”
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“How can I answer the question: “how are
you?” ?”:• “I’m fine.”• “I’m happy.”• “I’m so so.”• “I’m ok.”
• “I’m sorry.”
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“What are means of transportation?”
• “Car.”• “Bus.”• “Submarine.”
• “Electric things.”
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“Give me examples of bugs.”
• “Ladybug.”• “Butterfly.”• “Cricket”• “Bee”
• “Sticker”• “Bunny bunny”
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“Why is the ‘bad wolf’ bad?”
• “Porque ele queria pegar a grandma.”
• “Porque ele assustou a Chapeuzinho.”
• “Porque ele queria comer a Chapeuzinho.”
• “Porque ele queria comer a grandma e a Chapeuzinho.”• “Porque a Chapeuzinho correu.”• “Porque a Chapeuzinho ficou
triste.”
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“If the Wolf were good, he would...
• “Tomar banho, fazer o jantar...”
• “Ia brincar com a Chapeuzinho.”
• “Ia dormir.”
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“What is ‘bad’?”
• “Quem faz coisa errada.”
• “Quando alguém bagunça.”
• “Amarrar a grandma.”
• “Fazer coisa feia.”
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“What is ‘ugly’?”
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“Why do I call Lorena an ‘old lady’?”
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