me 224: experimental engineering - liz gerber,...

Micro and Nanomechanics LabDepartment of Mechanical Engineering

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IntroductionME 224: Experimental Engineering

IntroductionIntroduction

ME 224: EXPERIMENTAL ENGINEERINGME 224: EXPERIMENTAL ENGINEERINGClass: M 12:00Class: M 12:00--12:50 TECH: L16012:50 TECH: L160

Labs: M (2:00Labs: M (2:00--6:00 PM) and 6:00 PM) and ThTh (3:00(3:00--7:00 PM) 7:00 PM)

Ford BuildingFord Building-- Room B100Room B100


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This course covers instrumentation and the use of experiments toThis course covers instrumentation and the use of experiments toevaluate realevaluate real--world systems. Practical electronics, computer data world systems. Practical electronics, computer data acquisition, programming, sensors and signal conditioning are acquisition, programming, sensors and signal conditioning are taught and then applied in experiments that investigate heat taught and then applied in experiments that investigate heat transfer, fluids mechanics, thermodynamics and MEMS. transfer, fluids mechanics, thermodynamics and MEMS.

Grading: Final course grade will be based on:

• Homework and Labs 60 %

• Midterm 20 %

• Project 20 %

Teaching Assistant: Ravi Agrawal

E-mail: [email protected]

Class Web Page: http://clifton.mech.nwu.edu/me224


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Labs:Labs:1. Lab Instruments: Multimeters, Oscilloscopes and Function

Generators

2. Data Acquisition and LabVIEW programming

3. Signal Conditioning with OP-Amps

4. Temperature Measurement and Control

5. Thermal Diffusion in a Copper Rod

6. Assessing MEMS accelerometers performance

7. Group Project

References:References:1. LabVIEW 8.0, Student Edition, Prentice Hall, 2005.

2. “Instrumentation for Engineering Measurements,” James W. Dally, et al., John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1993.

3. “Introduction to Mechatronics and Measurement Systems,” M.B. Histand and D.G. Alciatore, McGraw Hill, 1998.


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Groups of students will carry out the labs but each student will need to turn in his/her individual report. Half of the groups will hold lab sessions on Mondays and the other half on Tuesdays.

Homework and lab reports are due at beginning of class on day for which assigned. Late homework will be deducted at the rate of 20% per day late. Maximum grace period is until graded homework is returned. You are encouraged to work together and discuss homework problems but make sure that the work you turn in is your own.

Instructor reserves the right to raise the final grade of any student by one letter based on participation in class and laboratory sessions.

Attendance to class and labs is required. If you cannot come please let the teaching assistance know in advance. You should just send e-mail.

Last lab will be a project defined by each group.

Feel free to meet me in my office to discuss homework, labs or other issues at any time. You may want to call before coming to see me to assure that I do not have a meeting coming up.

General Guidelines:


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Identify students in the class having complementary background and skills. The best synergy arises between students with different interests and hands-on experiences.

Try not choosing as a team member someone you already know very well or is your friend. Consider this opportunity for networking.

If you are someone that always needs to know “why” before doing something, you may match very well with someone interested in “how” to do something after a problem is posed to him or her. In other words, the “why” students are complementary to the “how” students.

Guidelines For Selecting Group Members(Final Project)(Final Project)


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Dynamic Testing of Materials

Kolsky Bar

H.D. Espinosa, A. H.D. Espinosa, A. PatanellaPatanella, and M. Fischer, "A Novel Dynamic Friction Experiment Using a M, and M. Fischer, "A Novel Dynamic Friction Experiment Using a Modified odified KolskyKolsky Bar Bar Apparatus,"Apparatus," Experimental MechanicsExperimental Mechanics, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 138, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 138--153, 2000.153, 2000.


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Sensors

L

ALR ρ

= ρ : Specific resistance

)21( νρρ

++=LdLd

RdR

)21( νερρ

ε++==

aag

dRdRSDally et al., 1993

Resistance Strain Gauges


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Signal Conditioner: Wheatstone Bridge

εgso Svv41

= gS ε : : strainstrain: : gauge factorgauge factor

sv : : voltage from sourcevoltage from sourceDally et al., 1993


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Electronic Instrumentation System

Example: Example: KolskyKolsky Bar Apparatus (Dynamic Testing of Materials)Bar Apparatus (Dynamic Testing of Materials)

Strain Strain gaugegauge

WheatstoneWheatstoneBridgeBridge OpOp--AMPAMP OscilloscopeOscilloscope

SoftwareSoftware

James et al., 1993


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Applications of Electronic Instrumentation

http://http://www.MTS.comwww.MTS.com

•• Engineering DesignEngineering Design

•• Monitoring Processes (openMonitoring Processes (open--

loop control)loop control)

•• Automatic Process Control Automatic Process Control

(closed(closed--loop control)loop control)

•• Engineering DesignEngineering Design

Full Vehicle Structural TestingModeling (FEM)


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Examples


Torso Launcher Test SystemTorso Launcher Test System

The MTS Torso Launcher is used to simulate free flight phenomena such as torso impact on steering systems. Other free-flight kits allow the operator to set-up for head impact on windshields and interior components, and knee impact on instrument panels and bolsters. A single velocity generator propulsion device can be shared by both the pendulum headformand torso launch simulators. Like the other test systems in the lab, the torso launch system features automated digital control and data acquisitionautomated digital control and data acquisition with immediate access to test information, including on-screen displays and graphics. Test reports are generated automatically following the conclusion of the test. The operator controls the test and analysis The operator controls the test and analysis with a PCwith a PC..


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Examples


Motorcycle Tire Coupled SimulatorMotorcycle Tire Coupled Simulator

Tire coupled simulators offer a less expensive way of performing many tests on motorcycles including vibration tests, vibration tests, structural durability and fatigue tests, ride structural durability and fatigue tests, ride comfort studies, operating deflection comfort studies, operating deflection shapes, evaluation of suspension and shapes, evaluation of suspension and frame dynamic behaviorframe dynamic behavior, and more. The MTS Tire Coupled Motorcycle Road Simulator reproduces vertical road loads into the motorcycle by transmitting forces through its tires. Simulation is readily achieved because of the system's high performing actuators and test controllers working with proprietary MTS Remote Parameter Control™ (RPC®) simulation software.


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Process Control•• Monitoring Processes (openMonitoring Processes (open--loop control)loop control) Dally et al., 1993

Schematic diagram of openSchematic diagram of open--loop process control that requires loop process control that requires the operator to monitor and adjust the process parameters.the operator to monitor and adjust the process parameters.

Process Signal conditioners

Instrument panel

Control panel

Process input parameters

TransducersData display

Operator


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Process Control•• Automatic Process Control (closedAutomatic Process Control (closed--loop control)loop control)

Dally et al., 1993

Process Signal conditioners

First Controller

Command generator

Second controller

Feedback signals

Process input parameters

TransducerTransducer

Schematic diagram of closedSchematic diagram of closed--loop process control.loop process control.


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MEMS AccelerometersMEMS AccelerometersClosedClosed--Loop ControlLoop Control

Illustration of the structure and circuitry of the ADXL50 accelerometer


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Selected Final Projects (Spring 2002)Selected Final Projects (Spring 2002)

SunRayceSunRayce N'EnergyN'Energy Car Suspension AnalysisCar Suspension Analysis by Alexander Ellis, Ian Harrison, Lars Moravy, and Jonathon Walker

ClosedClosed--Loop Rotational Speed Control of Cooling FanLoop Rotational Speed Control of Cooling Fan by David Choi, Jay Gainer, Shad Laws, Karl Stensvad

The Manipulation of a Robotic Joint to Mimic Human MotionThe Manipulation of a Robotic Joint to Mimic Human Motion by Adam Hoskinson, Josh Mehling, Elena Wapner, Jeremy Young

http://clifton.mech.northwestern.edu/~me224/http://clifton.mech.northwestern.edu/~me224/


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Final Projects (Spring 2005)Final Projects (Spring 2005)Robotic Control with MEMS Robotic Control with MEMS Gyroscopic SensingGyroscopic Sensing

me 224: experimental engineering - liz gerber,...

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