May 27, 2014EOG Review

Homework: Get a good night's sleep. Eat breakfast. Don't stress- YOU KNOW ALL OF THIS STUFF!!!

Objective: I can show mastery of literacy concepts learned this year. I can ROCK tomorrow's EOG!!!

Warm Up (in your composition book)Take out your comp book or paper to take notes on.

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Things to remember....

1. All bookbags, pencil pouches, PHONES (turned off completely) etc. to be left in your locker. We will go to lockers once all students have finished testing.

2. Bring ONLY sharpened #2 or mechanical pencils with good erasers(make sure you have enough lead if using mechanical), a highlighter and a sweatshirt or jacket in case you get cold.

3. ABSOLUTELY NO CELL PHONES, GUM, WATER BOTTLES, FOOD, BOOKS, ETC. ALLOWED IN CLASSROOM.

Test taking strategies

Use RUNNERS!!!Read and highlight key words in all questions and important information in the text. Read the entire passage and everything above, below, in sidebars, captions, etc. Reread the question, figure out what it is asking, and read ALL the answer choices! Eliminate wrong answers and be able to justify why they are incorrect.Look back into the passage to be able to justify your answer choice. Don't leave any questions blank. If you need to come back to a question, mark the question in your booklet, not on the answer sheet!Be sure that your question number in the booklet matches the question number on your answer sheet. If you change an answer, be sure to erase your first answer completely!

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Understanding the questions

Finding the main ideaRecalling facts and detailsUnderstanding sequenceRecongnizing cause and effectComparing and contrastingMaking predictionsFinding word meaning in contextDrawing conclusions and making inferencesDistinguishing between fact and opinionIdentifying author's purposeInterpreting figurative language Summarizing

Finding the main idea

What is the main idea?

Finding the main idea

The main idea of a reading passage is a sentence that tells what the passage is mostly about. Questions about the main idea ask you to find what a passage is mostly about or mainly about.The question might also ask you to choose the best title for a passage. When answering a question about the main idea, ask yourself, "What is the passage mostly about?"

main idea

Recalling facts and details

Every reading passage contains facts and details. The facts and details tell more about the main idea. Questions about facts and details ask you about something that was stated in the passage. To answer a question about a fact or a detail , look back in the passage to find the answer.

Understanding sequence

Sometimes a passage is told in order, or sequence. Different things happen at the beginning, in the middle or at the end of the passage. Questions about sequence ask you to remember and put events or details in order. Questions about sequence often contain key words such as first, then, last, after, before, etc.

Recognizing cause and effect

What is a cause? What is an effect?

Recognizing cause and effect

A cause is something that happens. An effect is something that happens because of the cause.Look at the example below: I forgot to set my alarm clock, so I was late for school. What is the cause? What is the effect? Questions about cause and effect usually begin with key words such as Why, what happened or because.

Comparing and contrasting

What does it mean to compare? What does it mean to contrast?

Comparing and contrasting

Some questions ask you to find how two things are alike (compare) or different (contrast). Questions that ask you to compare or contrast usually contain key words such as most like, different, alike, similar to, etc.

Making predictions

What is a prediction?

Making predictions

A prediction is something you think will happen in the future. You will not find the answers to these questions stated directly in the passage, but there are clues you can use from the passage to make a good guess about what might happen next. Questions about predictions ask What will probably happen or what is most likely to occur next.

Finding word meaning in context

What are context clues?

context clues

Finding word meaning in context

Sometimes when you read, you come across a word you do not know. You may be able to tell the meaning of the word by the way it is used in the sentence. This is called understanding the word meaning in context. Questions about meaning in context ask you to find the meaning of a word that may not be familiar to you based on clues in surrounding sentences. If you have trouble choosing an answer for a question like this, try each answer choice in the sentence where the word appears in the passage, and see which one makes the most sense.

Drawing conclusions and making inferences

What is an inference?

Drawing conclusions and making inferences

When you read, many times you must figure out things on your own. The author doesn't always tell you everything. Read the following sentences: The moon cast an eerie glow in Jake's room. Suddenly, he saw a shadow by the window. Jake sat up in bed, frozen with fear.

From what the author has written, you can infer that it was nighttime, since the moon was out, and Jake was in bed. What else can you infer?Questions about drawing conclusions often contain the key words you can tell or probably.

Distinguishing between fact and opinion

What is a fact? What is an opinion?

Distinguising between fact and opinion

A fact is something that can be proven to be true, while an opinion is how someone feels about something. Statements that are opinions often contain key words such as best, most, nicest, greatest, etc.

fact vs. opinion

Summarizing

What is a summary?

Summarizing

Questions about the best summary of a passage ask you about the main points or events of a passage. When you answer questions about a summary, first ask yourself What is the main idea of the passage? A good summary is closer to the main idea than to any single detail found in the passage.

Identifying author's purpose

What is author's purpose?

Identifying author's purpose

Questions about author's purpose ask you WHY an author wrote the passage. Most authors write for one of these reasons: to PERSUADE the readerto INFORM the readerto ENTERTAIN the reader

Elements of fiction

What are elements that a story must / may have?

Elements of fiction

PlotCharactersSettingPoint of view

ThemeSymbol

plot chartwhat is plot?

exposition

introduces

characters

the animal, people or things that take place in the action of a story

characterization

the techniques a writer uses to ________________________

methods of characterization *think of a new kid walking into school...how will you get to know him /her? *

appearance- how does the character look?

dialogue - what does the character say?

actions- what does the character do?

thoughts- what does the character think?

what do other characters say about him/her?

characterizationone final way that a character might be revealed in a story is through comments from the narrator.

exposition

introduces setting

setting

the time and place where the action in a story occurs - there "where" and the "when" of a story

central conflict

the main problem or struggle that drives the plot of a story

conflict

the struggle between opposing forces within the plot of a story

conflict

rising action

the plot builds in intensity as characters struggle internally and externally

climax

the _____________________of the story

falling action

events __________________and lead to the plot's _______________________

resolution

the outcome of the _______________________; loose ends are tied up

themethe ______________________ of a work of literature.

*Remember*Multiple texts can all have the same themeThink about the topic of the work, then ask what lesson does the author want me to know relating to this topic.

symbol

a symbol is a person, place, object or activity that stands for something beyond itself.

elements of nonfiction

Types of nonfictionbiographyautobiographyessay informative articleinterview

biography

The story of a person's life told by someone else

autobiography

The story of a person's life told by ______________________

4 types of autobiographical writingmemoirjournal diaryletter

memoira form of autobiographical writing that focuses on ________________________

journal

a personal narrative that reflects the passage of one time in a person's life

diary

a dated record of the writer's life

letter

a written communication between two parties

essay

3 types of essayspersonal persuasiveexpository

personal essay

expresses a writer's thoughts about a subject

persuasive essay

tries to convince the reader to adopt a certain point of view about a subject

informative article

provides facts about a subject

3 types of informative articlesnews storyfeature storymagazine article

news story

an objective and unbiased account of current events

bias

the side of an issue that a writer favors. Words with extremely positive or negative connotations can signal bias.

so unbaised would mean...

feature story

a human interest story focusing on interesting people or events

magazine article

writing designed to catch and hold your interest on a subject

interview

a conversation in which one person asks questions to obtain information

Text features

design elements of a text that indicate its pattern of organization or otherwise make its central ideas and

information understandable.

titlessub / headingsboldfaced typebulleted and numbered listsgraphic aids - charts, graphs, illustrations, photographs, diagrams, maps and timelines.

poetry

common types of poetry

narrative

lyric

haiku

concretefree verse

narrative poetry

a poem that tells a story and contains all of the story elements

lyric poetry

a poem that expresses a speaker's thoughts and feelings

*hint - think of most song lyrics*

haiku

Japanese poetry (usually about nature) that is 3 lines long with a syllable pattern of 5,7,5

concrete(shape poem)

poetry in which the arrangement of the poem's words on the page reflects the poem's subject

free verse

poetry that has no regular rules regarding form, rhyme, rhythm, etc.

poetry often contains sound devices

poetry that has no regular rules regarding form, rhyme, rhythm, etc.

sound devices

language that appeals to the sense of hearing and reinforces the meaning of a poem

5 types of sound devices ***Hint...first, remember the 3 R's***

rhyme

rhythm

repetition

onomatopoeia alliteration

rhyme

the repetition of accented vowel sounds and the endings of wordsexample: sun, run

thing, sing

sky, cry

rhythm

the musical quality created by the alternation of accented and unaccented syllables in a line of poetry.

example: I like to go out in the sun.I jump and dance and scream and run.So after school I head outside...

refrain(repetition)

the technique in which a sound, word, phrase or line is repeated for emphasis or unity.

example: The sun, the sun, the sun, the sun, The reason summer's so much fun.I'm leaving now to go and play...

onomatopoeia

words whose sounds echo their meanings.

examples:

alliteration

the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words. Sounds, NOT letters!!!

example: The sun, a lovely sight to see, Every morn in full glory.Outside my window, oh so bright...

Another major differences between poetry and other genres of literature is that it often uses figurative language.

figurative language Sometimes, writers use words in such a way that their meaning is not literal or different from their usual meaning. For example, if someone says "I spilled the beans," what does this mean?

What is figurative language?

the use of words in an imaginative way to express ideas that are not literally true.

(Figurative) It's raining cats and dogs

(Literal) It's raining very hard

4 types of figurative language

simile 

metaphor

personification

hyperbole

simile

a comparison of two unlike things using like or as

example: The sun is like a flower, that blooms for just one hour

o

metaphor

a direct comparison of two unlike things without using like or as.

example: The sun is a flower, that blooms for just one hour***Hint*** a good way to come up with a metaphor, is to create a simile, and then remove the like or as.

extended metaphor

compares two unlike things at some length, perhaps through an entire work

personification

giving human qualities to an animal, object or idea.

example: The sun's rays hugged the children with warm arms as they ran out from the jungle.

hyperbole

a figure of speech that uses exaggeration for effect or emphasis.

example: The kids waited for an eternity at the window before they finally saw the sun emerge.

sensory detail / language

words that appeal to the senses

stanza

an arrangement of a certain number of lines, usually four or more, sometimes having a fixed length, meter, or rhyme scheme, forming a division of a poem

couplets

a pair of successive lines of verse, especially a pair that rhyme and are of the same length.

tone - it's not WHAT you say, it's HOW you say it.

mood

irony

sarcasm

style

dialogue

dialect