massachusetts global warming solutions act (gwsa) and the...

Massachusetts Global Warming Solutions Act (GWSA) and

The Clean Energy and Climate Plan for 2020 An Overview

Environmental Business Council

May 1, 2013

Steven Clarke, EEA Assistant Secretary for Energy

Aisling O’Shea, EEA Global Warming Solutions Manager

GWSA Overview Clean Energy and Climate Plan Implementation Strategies Inventory

Agenda

Climate Change Overview

GWSA Overview

Implementation Objectives for 2020 Plan

Clean Energy and Climate Plan

Strategies

Subcommittees

Measuring progress

Q&A

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Climate Change – U.S. The U.S. Climate Extremes Index indicated that 2012 was the second most extreme year on

record for the nation, second only to 1998. 1

The average U.S. precipitation total for 2012 was 26.57 inches, 2.57 inches below average,

and the 15th driest year on record for the nation.1

Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack declared disaster zone designations for counties in 12 states due to

damage and losses caused by drought and excessive heat. 2

Surge in food prices. 2

As the climate warms, the potential for transmission of diseases such as malaria, Dengue

fever, West Nile virus and Lyme disease increases.3

In 2012, 48 states reported West Nil Virus infections in humans, birds, or moqquitos. 3

A total of 5387 cases of West Nile Virus in people, included 243 deaths, was reported in 20123

2012 was the highest number of West Nile virus cases reported since 2003. 3

3 1. http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/news/ncdc-announces-warmest-year-record-contiguous-us

2 http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/08/09/the-texas-drought-seen-firsthand-from-the-eyes-of-ranchers.html

3. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/index.htm

2 3

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/index.htm



































The amount of precipitation on extremely wet or snowy days in winter is likely to increase. 1

Nemo Blizzard (2013) dumped more than 2 feet of snow on parts of the Northeast, left

thousands without power, closed highways, and forced the cancellation of 4,700 flights 2

The frequency of extremely hot days in summer would also increase. 1

Hurricane Sandy (2012) killed more than 100 people, left tens of thousands homeless, and

cut power to over 8 million homes 3

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Climate Change

1. http://www.neaq.org/conservation_and_research/climate_change/climate_change_in_new_england.php

2. http://www.weather.com/news/weather-winter/winter-storm-nemo-20130206

3. http://www.businessinsider.com/photos-jersey-shore-hurricane-sandy-2012-10

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http://www.businessinsider.com/photos-jersey-shore-hurricane-sandy-2012-10























In Boston, the sea level has risen by 11 inches over the last 100 years (both because of

climate change and land subsidence) and could rise another 2 to 6 feet by 2100 1

The cost of sand replenishment to protect the coast of Massachusetts from a 20-inch sea level rise

by 2100 is estimated at $490 million to $2.6 billion.

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Climate Change

1. http://www.neaq.org/conservation_and_research/climate_change/climate_change_in_new_england.php

2. http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2012/11/24/opinion/sunday/what-could-disappear.html?_r=1&

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Climate Change - Northeast

Warmer annual temperatures - up 2°F since 1970. Last

decade was the hottest on record. January-August 2012

set a new record for high temperatures. More frequent

extreme summer heat

Warmer winters - up 5.2°F since 1970. Decreasing

winter snowpack & earlier snowmelt. New England has

lost 9 snow days each decade since 1965

Sea surface temperatures – up by 2.3°F between 1970-

2002

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Climate Change - Northeast

Sea level rise – 22 cms between 1921-2006. Rate of SLR

in NE is 2-4 times faster than the global average

Earlier flowering plants

Many nesting birds disappearing – 24% breeding bird

species have smaller distributions since 1979

Earlier nesting for 28 migrating bird species on the east

coast

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Predicted Northeast Climate Change

Impacts

PARAMETER

CURRENT

(1961-

1990)

PREDICTED

RANGE

by 2100

Annual Temperature (o C) 8 10 to 13

Annual Precipitation (inches) 41 43 to 46

Sea Level Rise (inches) 3.1 11 to 79

Streamflow-spring peak flow

(days from January 1) 85 74 to 75

Short Droughts (#/30 yr) 13 16 to 23

Snow Days/Month (days) 5 3 to 1

Length of growing season (days) 184 213 to 227

Global Warming Solutions Act

GWSA Legislation enacted in 2008, requires:

EEA and MassDEP to collaborate with other agencies to

reduce GHG emissions to the limits established in M.G.L.

Ch. 21N

Reductions of GHG emissions by 10-25% below 1990

Baseline Levels by 2020 and 80% reduction by 2050

Establishment of a GHG emissions registry and reporting

system, and publication of an Inventory with

comprehensive estimates of GHG emissions in the

Commonwealth.

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Clean Energy and Climate Plan Implementation Strategies Inventory

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Global Warming Solutions Act EEA set goal to reduce emissions by 25% below 1990 baseline by

2020.

Issued the “Clean Energy and Climate Plan for 2020” (the 2020 Plan), released in Dec 2010; implementation underway.

5-year evaluation report in Jan 2014

5-year Update of the 2020 Plan in Dec 2015

Other requirements

Convene advisory committees

Prepare Adaptation Report (released September 2011 http://www.malegislature.gov/Laws/SessionLaws/Acts/2008/Chapter298


http://www.malegislature.gov/Laws/SessionLaws/Acts/2008/Chapter298

http://www.malegislature.gov/Laws/SessionLaws/Acts/2008/Chapter298

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Implementation Objectives

Workplans for the 28 strategies in the 2020 Plan

Communicating our success

Measuring GHG reductions and evaluating strategy

implementation

Update plans based on success of implementing

strategies

Integration with other priorities of the

Administration


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Implementation Advisory

Committee (IAC) Established to advise Secretary on 2020 Plan

implementation

Composed of leaders in business, environmental advocacy, industry, and academia.

Co-Chaired by Undersecretary for Energy and Undersecretary for Environment

Meets three times annually June 2012

September 2012

January 2013

June 2013

GWSA Overview Clean Energy and Climate Plan Strategies Inventory

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Clean Energy and Climate Plan

Provides rationale for GHG emission reduction in

Massachusetts (economic, health, security,

environmental)

Outlines 28 policies/strategies to reduce emissions

from the four primary emissions sectors, &

includes 3 cross-cutting strategies (e.g. MEPA).

EEA/EOHED/MassDOT collaboration

GWSA Subcommittees are working on

implementation

GWSA Overview Implementation Strategies Inventory

Massachusetts GHG emissions by Sector (Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalents, MMTCO2e)

Projected impact of 2020 strategies

Source Massachusetts Greenhouse Gas Inventory

http://www.mass.gov/dep/air/climate/ghginv9012.xls

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Massachusetts GHG emissions

11 % CO2e emission drop 1990-2009 influenced by many factors including: economy and natural gas prices;

weather patterns affecting heating and cooling loads; and state investments in energy efficiency measures.

Data source: Massachusetts Greenhouse Gas Inventory


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GWSA Overview Clean Energy and Climate Plan Implementation Strategies


Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative

(RGGI) February 2013 - nine states agreed to lower the regional carbon

dioxide emissions cap from the current level of 165 million to 91 million tons per year.

An independent analysis concluded that the first three years of the RGGI program (from 2009 through 2011) resulted in:

$1.6 billion in net present economic value added to the region, and $400 million to Massachusetts;

Electricity consumers overall – households, businesses, government users, and others – enjoying a net lifetime gain of nearly $1.1 billion, as their overall electric bills drop over time;

A lowering by more than $765 million in the total dollars that Massachusetts and the RGGI states send outside the region in the form of payments for fuel.

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Proposed RGGI Changes

If adopted across the region, Massachusetts estimates

an additional $350 million in allowance auction revenue

will be collected for 2012-2020.

As per the GCA, this will be invested primarily to help

Massachusetts businesses and residences become more

energy efficient.

MassDEP and DOER are currently finalizing draft

regulations for public comment and public hearing

anticipated to be held this summer.

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Electric Vehicles (EV)

EEA recently launched the Massachusetts Electric

Vehicle Incentive Program (MassEVIP);

Funding to municipalities to help purchase electric or

plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles and to communities

for installation of dual electric charging stations;

$ 2.5 million incentive program will help reduce GHG

emissions, improve air quality and reduce reliance on

foreign oil.

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GWSA Implementation

Subcommittees Buildings, Energy Efficiency and Demand-Side Management

(Tina Halfpenny, Department of Energy Resources (DOER))

Energy Generation and Distribution

(Bram Claeys, DOER)

Transportation, Smart Growth and Land Use

(Catherine Cagle, Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT))

(Kurt Gaertner, Co-Chair, EEA)

Non-Energy Emissions

(Sharon Weber, MassDEP)

Adaptation

(Kathy Baskin, EOEEA)

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GWSA Overview Clean Energy and Climate Plan Strategies Inventory

Buildings

2020 Plan projects 9.8% GHG emissions reduction

The subcommittee is implementing the following

key strategies to meet its GHG emission reduction

targets:

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Energy Efficiency and Demand-Side Management

All Cost-Effective Energy

Efficiency

Advanced Building Energy Codes

Building Energy Rating and

Labeling

Developing a Mature Market for

Solar Thermal Water and Space

Heating

Expand Energy Efficiency to Oil in

Commercial and Industrial

buildings

Federal Appliance and Product

Standards

Green Communities Designation

and Grant Program

Leading by Example

Tree Retention and Planting to

Reduce Heating and Cooling Loads

GWSA Overview Clean Energy and Climate Plan Implementation Inventory

Supplemental Strategy Ideas:

Energy Efficiency- Multifamily/ Rental Housing:

Improve the energy efficiency of rental housing

through various strategies

Energy Efficiency- Commercial Real Estate:

Complement the utilities’ strategic planning to

serve commercial real estate through numerous

strategies

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Buildings Energy Efficiency and Demand-Side Management


Energy




targets:

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Generation and Distribution

Clean Energy Imports

Clean Energy Performance

Standard

Expanded Renewable Portfolio

Standard (RPS) and Alternative

Portfolio Standard (APS)

More Stringent EPA Power Plant

Rules

Offshore Wind

Regional Greenhouse Gas

Initiative (RGGI)

Renewable Heating and Cooling



Renewable Thermal Incentive: Sets a hard target

for a full portfolio of renewable thermal

technologies. Incorporates renewable thermal into

the APS.

Modernize the Grid: Transform the power grid to

accommodate high penetration of variable

generation, storage, and electric vehicles; manage

peaks and reduce line losses.

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Energy Generation and Distribution


Transportation




targets:

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Smart Growth and Land Use

Federal and California Vehicle

Efficiency and GHG Standards

Federal Emissions and Fuel

Efficiency Standards for Medium-

and Heavy-Duty Vehicles

Federal Renewable Fuel Standard

(RFS) and Regional Low Carbon

Fuel Standard (LCFS)

GreenDOT/Modeshift

Pay As You Drive Auto Insurance

(PAYD)

Smart Growth Policy Package



Clean/Electric Vehicle Incentives: Increase use of zero emission and alternative fuel vehicles by enhancing activities and potential incentives

Increase Vehicle Efficiency through Tire Inflation: Require tire check and inflation every time a vehicle is serviced

Planning Ahead for Growth: Advance policies that support housing and economic development goals consistent with the MA Sustainable Development Principles

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Transportation Smart Growth and Land Use


Non-Energy



key programs to meet its GHG emission reduction

targets:

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Emissions

Reducing Emissions from Plastics

Combustion

Reducing Sulfur Hexafluoride

(SF6) Emissions from Gas-

Insulated Switchgear

Stationary Equipment Refrigerant

Management



Reduce Emissions from the Natural Gas Distribution

Network

Reduce Fluorinated Gas Emissions from the

Semiconductor Industry

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Non-Energy Emissions


Barr Grant The Barr Foundation awarded EEA with a $230,000 grant in

September 2012 to develop a Clean Energy and Climate Plan

Performance Management System (CCPMS) to

Monitor and evaluate the success of the Commonwealth’s GHG

emissions reductions strategies;

Communicate with the public; and

Serve as a regional and national model that other states can

adopt to analyze their efforts to reduce GHG emissions

Collaborated with Environmental League of Mass(ELM/GWSP)

on design and content for a preliminary dashboard on Earth

Day 2013 http://www.mass.gov/eea/air-water-climate-

change/climate-change/massachusetts-global-warming-

solutions-act/global-warming-solutions-act-dashboard.html

The CCPMS is scheduled for completion in October 2013

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http://www.mass.gov/eea/air-water-climate-change/climate-change/massachusetts-global-warming-solutions-act/global-warming-solutions-act-dashboard.html

























GHG Inventory is the “gold standard” to determine whether the 2020 statewide emissions limit is met.

Partial annual draft spreadsheet shortly after June each year, when virtually 99% of data available

Full annual draft spreadsheet in Jan/Feb of each year,

when 100% of data available

Full 3–year final spreadsheet and document to comply with

GWSA

http://www.mass.gov/dep/air/climate/gwsa_docs.htm#inventory

Inventory vs. 2020 Strategy metrics

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GWSA Overview Clean Energy and Climate Plan Implementation Strategies

http://www.mass.gov/dep/air/climate/gwsa_docs.htm

http://www.mass.gov/dep/air/climate/gwsa_docs.htm

Milestones

2012 GWSA Annual Report – April 2013

GWSA/ELM Joint Dashboard – April 2013

CCPMS - September 2013

GWSA 5 Year Report - January 2014

5-year Update of 2020 Plan – December 2015

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Questions/Comments?

For more information on GWSA & the

GHG Dashboard

http://www.mass.gov/eea/gwsa

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